Method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry excrement by composting and fermentation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for composting and fermenting livestock and poultry manure to decompose antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure. The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: 1. adding straw to livestock and poultry manure; 2. aerobic fermentation; 3. turning the compost to cool down and adding Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J‑019 to continue aerobic fermentation. The method of the present invention can decompose antibiotics, especially tetracycline antibiotics, in livestock and poultry manure, thereby avoiding the risk of tetracycline antibiotics remaining in large amounts after composting and fermentation and being applied to the soil to the environment and human health; and also eliminating the hidden danger that the structure of soil microbial communities and the activity of soil microorganisms will be changed after livestock and poultry manure containing antibiotics is applied to the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a livestock and poultry excrement composting fermentation method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of livestock and poultry industry and agriculture, a large number of antibiotics are used on livestock and poultry to avoid large-scale plagues and diseases, especially in some large-scale breeding areas. Due to the lack of some conventional medical knowledge and related disposal techniques, some practitioners misuse or even abuse antibiotics from time to time; and some of these antibiotics are also excreted with feces. Composting and fermentation is currently the main means of harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure, but the composting and fermentation process cannot effectively decompose the antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure, which leads to the contamination of antibiotics in the soil and crops returned to the fields for fertilization.

[0003] Tetracyclines are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics produced by actinomycetes and are commonly used veterinary drugs. Common veterinary tetracycline antibiotics include tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, and doxycycline. Due to the low absorption rate of tetracycline antibiotics, a large amount of tetracycline will be excreted from the body in the form of parent or active metabolites in the urine and feces of livestock and poultry after oral administration. When livestock and poultry manure containing tetracycline is applied to the soil, it will change the structure of the soil microbial community (such as reducing the diversity of the bacterial community and increasing the fungal / bacterial ratio, etc.) and reduce the activity of soil microorganisms. In addition to affecting the functional diversity of the soil microbial community, tetracycline residues will also promote the spread and development of bacterial resistance in the soil environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that existing composting fermentation cannot effectively decompose antibiotics in livestock and poultry excrement, especially tetracycline antibiotics, the present invention provides a method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry excrement by composting fermentation.

[0005] The method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry excrement by composting and fermentation of the present invention:

[0006] 1. Add crushed straw to livestock and poultry manure and adjust the moisture content to 50% to 60%;

[0007] 2. Aerobic fermentation: raise the temperature to 60-70℃ and keep the compost at 60-70℃ for 5-10 days;

[0008] 3. Turn the compost and cool it down to 30-37℃, add Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019, and continue to maintain the compost at 30-37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 20-30 days.

[0009] Furthermore, during the aerobic fermentation in step 2, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15%.

[0010] Furthermore, during the aerobic fermentation process in step three, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15%.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, the C / N ratio of the livestock and poultry manure and straw mixture obtained by adding the crushed straw to the livestock and poultry manure is 25:1.

[0012] Furthermore, during the aerobic fermentation in step 2, the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70%.

[0013] Further, in step 3, the ratio of the number of Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 to Escherichia coli J-019 is 1:1; wherein, the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is inoculated at 0.5% to 1.0% of the volume of the livestock and poultry manure straw mixture, and the effective viable count of the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 .

[0014] The method of the invention adopts a low-temperature aerobic fermentation mode of inoculating a composite bacterial agent of Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019 to carry out composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure containing tetracycline antibiotics. The method has simple steps and is easy to operate, and has an excellent decomposition effect on tetracycline antibiotics such as tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline.

[0015] The method of the present invention can decompose antibiotics, especially tetracycline antibiotics, in livestock and poultry manure, thereby avoiding the risks to the environment and human health caused by the application of tetracycline antibiotics to the soil after a large amount of residues remain after composting and fermentation; and also eliminates the hidden danger that the structure of soil microbial communities and the activity of soil microorganisms will be changed after the livestock and poultry manure containing antibiotics is applied to the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a photo of the experiment of inoculating Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019 in the third step of the laboratory of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a picture of maintaining the humidity and replenishing water in the pile during aerobic fermentation in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0020] Specific implementation method 1: Method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure by composting and fermentation:

[0021] 1. Add crushed straw to livestock and poultry manure and adjust the moisture content to 50% to 60%;

[0022] 2. Aerobic fermentation: raise the temperature to 60-70℃ and keep the compost at 60-70℃ for 5-10 days;

[0023] 3. Turn the compost and cool it down to 30-37℃, add Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019, and continue to maintain the compost at 30-37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 20-30 days.

[0024] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 in that: in step 2, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation; in step 3, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation. Other aspects are the same as specific implementation method 1.

[0025] Specific implementation method three: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method one or two in that: in step one, crushed straw is added to adjust the C / N ratio of the livestock and poultry manure straw mixture to 25:1. The rest is the same as specific implementation method one or two.

[0026] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that: in step 2, the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70% during the aerobic fermentation process. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0027] Specific embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1 to 4 is that the ratio of the number of Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019 added in step 3 is 1:1; wherein, the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is inoculated at 0.5% to 1.0% of the volume of the livestock and poultry manure straw mixture, and the effective viable bacteria count of the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 The rest is the same as that of Specific Implementations 1 to 4.

[0028] Specific implementation method 6: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 5 in that the livestock and poultry manure is one or more of pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure and duck manure. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 5.

[0029] Specific implementation method 7: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 6 in that the straw is one or more of rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk, and sorghum stalk. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 6.

[0030] Specific implementation eight: This implementation differs from specific implementations one to seven in that the length of the crushed straw in step one is 2 to 3 cm. The rest is the same as specific implementations one to seven.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Methods for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure by composting and fermentation:

[0033] 1. Add pulverized corn stalks with a length of 2 cm to the pig manure, and adjust the moisture content of the livestock and poultry manure and straw mixture to 60% and the C / N ratio to 25:1;

[0034] 2. Aerobic fermentation: Raise the temperature to 65°C and keep the compost at 60-70°C for 10 days;

[0035] 3. Turn the compost and cool it down to 30-37℃, add Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019, and continue to maintain the compost at 30-37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 30 days;

[0036] In the second step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation, and the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70% during aerobic fermentation; in the third step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation;

[0037] The ratio of the number of Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019 added in step 3 is 1:1; wherein, the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is inoculated at 0.5% of the volume of the livestock and poultry manure straw mixture, and the effective viable count of the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 .

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Methods for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure by composting and fermentation:

[0040] 1. Add chicken manure to rice straw with a length of 3 cm after crushing, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture of livestock and poultry manure and straw to 50% and the C / N ratio to 25:1;

[0041] 2. Aerobic fermentation: raise the temperature to 70℃ and keep the compost at 60-70℃ for 8 days;

[0042] 3. Turn the compost and cool it down to 30-37℃, add Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019, and continue to maintain the compost at 30-37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 25 days;

[0043] In the second step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation, and the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70% during aerobic fermentation; in the third step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation;

[0044] The ratio of the number of Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and Escherichia coli J-019 added in step 3 is 1:1; wherein, the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is inoculated at 1.0% of the volume of the livestock and poultry manure straw mixture, and the effective viable count of the Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent is 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 .

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Comparison of livestock and poultry manure composting and fermentation methods:

[0047] 1. Add pulverized corn stalks with a length of 2 cm to the pig manure, and adjust the moisture content of the livestock and poultry manure and straw mixture to 60% and the C / N ratio to 25:1;

[0048] 2. Aerobic fermentation: Raise the temperature to 65°C and keep the compost at 60-70°C for 10 days;

[0049] 3. Turn the compost and cool it down to 30-37℃, add Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 and continue to maintain the compost at 30-37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 30 days;

[0050] In the second step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation, and the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70% during aerobic fermentation; in the third step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation;

[0051] In step 3, 0.5% of the volume of the livestock and poultry manure straw mixture was inoculated with Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent, and the effective viable count of Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 bacterial agent was 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 .

[0052] Example 4

[0053] Comparison of livestock and poultry manure composting and fermentation methods:

[0054] 1. Add pulverized corn stalks with a length of 2 cm to the pig manure, and adjust the moisture content of the livestock and poultry manure and straw mixture to 60% and the C / N ratio to 25:1;

[0055] 2. Aerobic fermentation: Raise the temperature to 65°C and keep the compost at 60-70°C for 10 days;

[0056] 3. Turn the compost and cool it down to 30-37℃, add Escherichia coli J-019 and continue to maintain the compost at 30-37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 30 days;

[0057] In the second step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation, and the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70% during aerobic fermentation; in the third step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during aerobic fermentation;

[0058] In step 3, 0.5% of the volume of the mixture of livestock and poultry manure and straw was inoculated with Escherichia coli J-019, and the effective viable count of Escherichia coli J-019 was 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 .

[0059] Example 5

[0060] Comparison of livestock and poultry manure composting and fermentation methods:

[0061] 1. Add chicken manure to rice straw with a length of 3 cm after crushing, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture of livestock and poultry manure and straw to 50% and the C / N ratio to 25:1;

[0062] 2. Aerobic fermentation: Raise the temperature to 70℃ and keep the compost at 60-70℃ for 35 days;

[0063] 3. Anaerobic fermentation for 10 days;

[0064] In the second step, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15% during the aerobic fermentation process, and the humidity of the pile is maintained at 60% to 70% during the aerobic fermentation process;

[0065] Step 3: Anaerobic fermentation: Keep the humidity of the compost pile at 50% to 60%.

[0066] Test and detection:

[0067] The compost materials used in Example 1 are the same as those in Examples 3 and 4, and the compost materials used in Examples 2 and 5 are the same. The test results of the composts prepared in Examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1

[0069]

[0070] Note: “-” in the table means not detected or below the detection limit.

[0071] According to the test results of Examples 1 and 2, the method of the present invention can effectively decompose tetracycline antibiotics in livestock and poultry feces. Since the half-life of tetracycline antibiotics in livestock and poultry feces is about 4.5 to 9 days, combined with the factor of weight loss due to composting fermentation, it is considered that adding Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis A16 or Escherichia coli J-019 alone has no obvious decomposition effect on tetracycline antibiotics.

[0072] Example 5 uses the existing aerobic fermentation combined with anaerobic fermentation composting, and the overall composting fermentation cycle is significantly longer than that of other examples. According to the test data of Example 5 and combined with the half-life of tetracycline antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure and the weight loss factor of composting fermentation, it is analyzed that the existing aerobic fermentation combined with anaerobic fermentation composting method has a very limited effect on the degradation of tetracycline antibiotics.

Claims

1. A method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry feces by composting and fermentation, wherein the method is characterized in that Follow these steps:

1. Add crushed straw to livestock and poultry manure and adjust the moisture content to 50%~60%; 2. Aerobic fermentation: raise the temperature to 60-70℃ and keep the compost at 60-70℃ for 5-10 days; 3. Turn the pile and cool it down to 30~37℃, add Pseudomonas niigataensis ( Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis )A16 and Escherichia coli ( Escherichia coli ) J-019 Continue to maintain the compost at 30~37℃ for aerobic fermentation for 20~30 days.

2. The method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry feces by composting and fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 2: During aerobic fermentation, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15%.

3. The method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry feces by composting and fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 3: During aerobic fermentation, the oxygen content of the pile is maintained at 8% to 15%.

4. The method for decomposing antibiotics in livestock and poultry feces by composting and fermentation according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that Niigata Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis )A16 and Escherichia coli ( Escherichia coli )The number ratio of J-019 was 1:1; 0.5%~1.0% of the volume of the mixture of livestock and poultry manure and straw was inoculated with Niigata Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis )A16 bacterial agent, Niigata Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pseudarthrobacter niigatensis ) The effective viable count of A16 bacterial agent is 10 10 ~10 11 cfu / cm 3 .

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