Roadbed block and roadbed construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of roadbed blocks and roadbed construction methods, and roadbed block includes the solid waste bulk structure and light plate of superposition, roadbed block is superposition structure, and building solid waste is used as main material to be rolled into traditional soft bulk material as the solid waste bulk structure of roadbed block upper portion, and material cost is reduced, it has high cohesion and relatively low internal friction angle, so that prefabricated roadbed block becomes flexible block that can maintain overall shape and have certain deformation capacity, light plate is arranged in the lower part of roadbed block, and the proportion of hard material consumption is reduced, the adverse effects of using high-strength structural block are overcome, the cost is effectively reduced, the bending resistance of the bottom of roadbed block is improved by light plate with certain strength, and the roadbed block is more convenient to hoist, and the hoisting process is more stable, the problem that prefabricated roadbed block prepared by using soft bulk material is easy to disintegrate and scatter under self-weight load in hoisting process is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of prefabricated roadbed, in particular, to a roadbed block and a roadbed construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Highway engineering, municipal road engineering and railway engineering are generally involved in roadbed engineering construction. As an important part of highway or railway, roadbed is not only the main body of road alignment, but also the foundation of pavement structure. According to the specification of road traffic construction, the current road can be divided into multiple structural levels. The general road can be divided into surface layer, base layer, bottom base layer and roadbed from top to bottom, wherein the surface layer directly contacts with the atmosphere, vehicles and pedestrians, and requires high strength, stiffness, flatness, anti-skid, wear resistance and the like; the base layer and the bottom base layer are the main bearing structure of the road, which plays an important role in bearing tensile stress; and the roadbed is the layer directly contacting with the soil foundation. A good roadbed structure should have stable characteristics and be able to adapt to a certain degree of geological changes, so as to protect the health of the upper pavement.

[0003] Although the assembly type building has developed for a long time, the related prefabrication research content is less for the roadbed structure, the existing prefabricated roadbed generally has problems of poor stability after assembly, loose connection, easy to cause pavement cracking and the like, and is difficult to achieve the construction effect of the filler stacking and paving operation roadbed; the prefabricated block with higher strength and better stability has higher cost, such as the assembly type roadbed structure disclosed in the publication CN217922871U, the steel slag dry-hard concrete assembly type roadbed stone disclosed in the publication CN211036589U and the socket joint assembly type prefabricated roadbed disclosed in the publication CN106894306A, the existing assembly type roadbed structure all uses the hard structure such as cement concrete and cement stabilized macadam as the prefabricated roadbed structure, which is contradictory to the functional requirement of the roadbed structure, the core functional requirement of the roadbed structure is stability, which can allow settlement, but should be stable after the settlement period and cannot have compression settlement any more, the existing prefabricated roadbed structure of the hard material directly eliminates the settlement, the roadbed structure has strength requirement, but the requirement is not high (the strength is so low that it cannot be described by the compressive strength, and the CBR is used instead). The strength of the material such as cement concrete (the compressive strength is more than 10MPa) and cement stabilized macadam (the compressive strength is 3-10MPa) used in the existing prefabricated roadbed structure is far beyond the performance requirement of the roadbed structure, the hard prefabricated roadbed structures are hard connected, therefore, the difficulty of construction and installation is extremely great, when the irregular space body of the roadbed is assembled by the prefabricated blocks with fixed shape and size, a large number of gaps are inevitably generated, and when the hard prefabricated roadbed structure is under load bearing or is disturbed in the balance state, sudden brittle deformation or damage occurs, and the roadbed is unstable. Therefore, the hard prefabricated roadbed structure is difficult to guarantee the stability of the roadbed in the actual application. Although the gaps between the hard prefabricated roadbed structures can be reduced or buffered by filling the powder, sand, cement mortar, asphalt and rubber and the like flexible materials, the strength of the hard prefabricated roadbed structure is too high, the strength of the filling material should be matched with it, therefore, the strength and cost of the filling material are also high, and the effect is poor. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a roadbed block and a roadbed construction method to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the small and large instruments are difficult to operate on the tunnel portal slope operation surface, and the existing prefabricated roadbed is difficult to achieve the construction effect of the filler stacking and paving operation roadbed at low cost.

[0005] According to one aspect of the application, a roadbed block is provided, which comprises a solid waste bulk structure and a lightweight plate, the solid waste bulk structure is made of construction solid waste in a target construction site, and the lightweight plate is used to support the solid waste bulk structure and connect with a hoisting device during hoisting.

[0006] In another aspect, a roadbed construction method is provided, which uses the roadbed block described above, and the construction method comprises:

[0007] S1. Roadbed block design;

[0008] S2. Roadbed block production;

[0009] S3. Roadbed block hoisting, transfer, storage;

[0010] S4. Roadbed block hoisting, transfer, assembly.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S1 comprises:

[0012] S11. Design preparation;

[0013] S12. Solid waste collection, classification, and property research;

[0014] S13. Screening solid waste and comprehensive proportioning according to roadbed performance indicators;

[0015] S14. Determining lightweight board material and firing process;

[0016] S15. Matching thickness ratio according to lightweight board material properties and solid waste bulk structure material properties;

[0017] S16. Roadbed block size design;

[0018] S17. Testing to determine solid waste bulk structure construction requirements.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S12 comprises: determining the source of solid waste nearby, determining the performance indicators of each solid waste, including compressive strength, water absorption, compressibility, and density; screening according to the statistical results of the performance indicators of each solid waste, and selecting suitable solid waste and sampling for research.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S13 comprises: mixing and proportioning the available solid waste obtained from screening, determining the optimal proportioning that meets the roadbed performance indicators, and meeting the minimum cohesion requirement after rolling and forming.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S16 comprises:

[0022] S161. Designing the overall size of the roadbed block considering hoisting efficiency, production efficiency, production cost, and production efficiency factors;

[0023] S162. Calculating the total weight of a single precast roadbed block, and designing the thickness and strength of the lightweight board according to the total weight.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S17 comprises: determining the moisture content of the solid waste bulk structure, the production rolling number and the rolling forming mode according to the compaction requirement through test.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the light plate is provided with a plurality of functional holes, and step S3 comprises:

[0026] S31. A lifting rod is arranged in the preset functional hole, and the lifting rod is connected with the lifting device;

[0027] S32. The roadbed block is lifted and transported;

[0028] S33. The roadbed blocks are stacked, the connection with the lifting device is cancelled, and the lifting rod is removed;

[0029] Step S4 comprises:

[0030] S41. A lifting rod is arranged in the preset functional hole, and the lifting rod is connected with the lifting device;

[0031] S42. The roadbed block is lifted and transported;

[0032] S43. The roadbed blocks are laid, the connection with the lifting device is cancelled, and the lifting rod is removed.

[0033] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, when the lifting rod is arranged in step S31 and step S41, the construction method further comprises: fixedly arranging a fixing device at both ends of the functional hole to fix the lifting rod.

[0034] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the lifting device comprises a lifting point, a lifting frame, a damping structure arranged on the lifting frame and a lifting rope, the lifting rope is used to connect the lifting point and the damping structure and connect the damping structure and the lifting rod, and when the lifting rod is connected with the lifting device in step S31 and step S41, the construction method further comprises: connecting the lifting rope of each lifting point with the lifting rod at the corresponding position respectively, and the lifting rope is gathered and connected to the lifting point after passing through the damping structure.

[0035] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The roadbed block is a superimposed structure, and construction solid wastes are used as main materials to be rolled into a traditional soft bulk material as a solid waste bulk structure on the upper part of the roadbed block, so as to reduce the material cost. The roadbed block has high cohesion and a relatively low internal friction angle, so that the prefabricated roadbed block becomes a flexible block capable of maintaining the overall shape and having a certain deformation capacity. The light plate is arranged at the lower part of the roadbed block, so as to reduce the proportion of the amount of hard material, overcome the adverse effects of using high-strength structural blocks, effectively reduce the cost, improve the bending resistance of the bottom of the roadbed block through the light plate with a certain strength, and make the roadbed block more convenient to hoist and more stable in the hoisting process. The problem that the prefabricated roadbed block prepared by using the soft bulk material is easy to disintegrate and scatter under the dead load in the hoisting process is solved.

[0037] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate the preferred embodiments of the application and assist in

[0039] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the roadbed block of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a paving structure schematic diagram of the roadbed block of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a hoisting structure schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 4 is a hoisting structure schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 5 is a hoisting structure schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing device of another embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the heavy hammer bearing of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 is a sectional view of the heavy hammer bearing of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a damping structure of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 11 is a roadbed design flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Legend:

[0051] 1, solid waste bulk structure 2, light plate 21, functional hole 31, arc-shaped elastic sheet 32, snap ring 4, self-locking nut 41, embedded section 5, hoist 6, hoisting device 61, heavy hammer bearing 611, first shell 612, first plate-type lifting ring 613, force releaser 614, first rotating shaft 615, spherical rotating shaft 616, gyroscope 617, damping filling material 618, damping spring 619, second plate-type lifting ring 62, hanging bracket 63, hanging rope 64, damping structure 641, second shell 642, first force-bearing rod 643, second force-bearing rod 644, limiting block 645, shock-absorbing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered by the following.

[0053] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a roadbed block of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a paving structural schematic diagram of a roadbed block of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a hoisting structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 4 is a hoisting structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ; Figure 5 is a hanging bracket structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a fixing device structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a fixing device structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a heavy hammer bearing structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 is a heavy hammer bearing sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a damping structure of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 is a design flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0054] As Figures 1 to 11As shown, the roadbed construction method of the embodiment includes a roadbed block including a solid waste bulk structure 1 and a lightweight plate 2 that are superimposed, the solid waste bulk structure is made of construction solid waste in the target construction site, and the lightweight plate is used to support the solid waste bulk structure and to connect with the hoisting device during hoisting; the roadbed block is a superimposed structure, construction solid waste is used as the main material to be rolled into a traditional soft bulk material as the solid waste bulk structure 1 on the upper part of the roadbed block, which reduces the material cost, has high cohesive force and relatively low internal friction angle, and makes the prefabricated roadbed block into a flexible block that can maintain the overall shape and has a certain deformation capacity, the lightweight plate 2 is arranged at the lower part of the roadbed block, which reduces the proportion of the amount of hard material, overcomes the adverse effects of using high-strength structural blocks, effectively reduces the cost, improves the bending resistance of the bottom of the roadbed block through the lightweight plate 2 with a certain strength, and makes the roadbed block more convenient to hoist, and the hoisting process is more stable, and solves the problem that the prefabricated roadbed block prepared by using soft bulk material is easy to disintegrate and scatter under the dead load during hoisting.

[0055] On the other hand, the embodiment provides a roadbed construction method, and the construction method includes:

[0056] S1. Roadbed block design;

[0057] S2. Roadbed block production;

[0058] S3. Roadbed block hoisting, transfer, storage;

[0059] S4. Roadbed block hoisting, transfer, and assembly.

[0060] In an embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0061] S11. Design preparation; specifically, according to the construction drawings and the survey before construction, the roadbed sections suitable for using the assembled solid waste and the lightweight plate 2 superimposed roadbed are counted, and the area, filling height, construction requirements, and construction conditions of the related roadbed sections are investigated, and the solid waste in the proposed project is estimated and counted;

[0062] S12. Solid waste collection, classification, and property research;

[0063] S13. Screening of solid waste and comprehensive proportioning according to roadbed performance indicators;

[0064] S14. Determination of lightweight plate 2 material and firing process;

[0065] S15. Matching of thickness ratio according to the material properties of the lightweight plate 2 and the solid waste bulk structure material properties;

[0066] S16. Roadbed block size design;

[0067] S17. Test to determine the construction requirements of the solid waste bulk structure.

[0068] It can be understood that the design method filters the solid waste meeting the demand and comprehensively considers the matching by studying the solid waste collection and classification properties in the construction site, so that the shape of the subsequent production and preparation of the solid waste bulk structure 1 does not need to be constrained by the packaging, so that the minimum cohesive force requirement is reached after rolling and forming, and then the thickness ratio of the solid waste bulk structure 1 and the lightweight board 2 is matched according to the material properties of the solid waste bulk structure 1 and the lightweight board 2, and the roadbed block size is designed based on this, so that the roadbed block product is both economical and applicable and convenient to hoist; finally, the construction demand of the solid waste bulk structure 1 is determined by comprehensively considering the solid waste performance index and the performance demand of the precast roadbed block through testing, so that the overall roadbed has sufficient strength, stability and sufficient flexible deformation adaptability, which not only reduces the settlement and shortens the settlement period, but also can adapt to different roadbed space shapes and has strong adaptability.

[0069] In an embodiment, step S12 includes: determining the solid waste source nearby, determining the performance index of each solid waste, the performance index including compression resistance, water absorption, compressibility, density and other related indexes affecting the performance of the precast roadbed block; and selecting suitable solid waste and sampling research according to the statistical results of the performance index of each solid waste.

[0070] In an embodiment, step S13 includes: mixing and matching the available solid waste selected, determining the best matching that meets the performance index of the roadbed stability, durability and strength, and meeting the minimum cohesive force requirement after rolling and forming, and the shaped solid waste bulk structure 1 does not need to be constrained by the shape of the packaging, and can maintain the overall shape during hoisting and assembly, and still has a certain space deformation adaptability after the roadbed structure is assembled.

[0071] In step S14, the material and firing process of the lightweight board 2 are determined according to the construction condition, and the thickness ratio of the upper solid waste bulk structure 1 and the lower lightweight board 2 of the superimposed structure is determined according to the properties of the lightweight board 2 and the solid waste bulk material, with the principle of economic applicability and convenient construction.

[0072] In an embodiment, step S16 includes:

[0073] S161. Considering the hoisting efficiency, production efficiency, production cost, production efficiency factors to design the overall size of the roadbed block;

[0074] S162. Calculate the total weight of a single precast roadbed block, and design the thickness and strength of the lightweight board 2 according to the total weight.

[0075] Specifically, the overall size of the precast roadbed block is balanced, the larger the overall size, the fewer the hoisting cycles, the higher the hoisting efficiency, but the total weight is larger; the moderate size is convenient for rolling and consolidation, which improves the production efficiency of the precast roadbed block; the size is too large, which requires high thickness and strength of the lower lightweight board 2, and increases the cost; and the size is too small, which reduces the production efficiency of the precast roadbed block.

[0076] In an embodiment, step S17 comprises: determining the water content of the solid waste bulk structure 1, the production rolling number, the rolling forming method such as one-time rolling forming or layered rolling forming, etc. according to the compaction requirements.

[0077] Further, step S17 also comprises: using low-strength inorganic and organic cementitious materials (such as lime-sand, lime-soil, asphalt, etc.) in the construction to form the inter-block linkage in the simplest way and to form the horizontal buffer layer of the block and inter-block deformation; and the cementitious material adopts a longer age (such as 90d, 180d, 360d) to achieve the design strength, so as to match the natural settlement period after the prefabricated roadbed blocks are assembled and formed.

[0078] The roadbed construction method of the embodiment is used for constructing the above-mentioned assembled roadbed structure. The lightweight plate 2 is provided with a plurality of functional holes 21. The functional holes 21 are reserved on the lower lightweight plate 2. The functional holes 21 can reduce the weight of the prefabricated roadbed blocks, so that the prefabricated roadbed blocks are more convenient to install. The functional holes 21 below the prefabricated roadbed blocks can be used as auxiliary hoisting mechanisms of the prefabricated roadbed blocks. The prefabricated roadbed blocks are hoisted, transported and installed through mechanisms such as hoisting rods 5 and clamps. The functional holes 21 also serve as drainage channels for water infiltration in the roadbed structure, which can avoid the overall stability problem of the roadbed caused by the difficulty of water seepage. The functional holes 21 can also be used to connect the negative pressure pipes to provide negative pressure water absorption through the vacuum equipment. Based on the vacuum-assisted water ramming method, the artificial speed of the roadbed settlement and compaction is accelerated, so that the roadbed structure quickly enters the stable state and the construction progress is accelerated.

[0079] It should be noted that the solid waste bulk structure 1 is made of mixed building solid waste. The building solid waste is usually referred to as building solid waste, which refers to the waste generated in the process of building, decoration and urbanization, such as sand, cement, bricks, etc. About 20 billion tons of waste is generated in the process of building in China every year, most of which is renewable resources. In the roadbed filling, the building solid waste can be utilized, which can not only reduce the construction cost and reduce resource waste, but also treat the solid waste and avoid pollution to the surrounding environment. For example, a waste and poor soil solidification and packaging into a prefabricated assembly disclosed in patent No. 201920494909.5, which uses building solid waste and poor soil to prepare an assembled roadbed module to realize resource recycling.

[0080] Since the stress of the roadbed decreases along the depth direction, in general, the dynamic stress generated by the load above the roadbed surface within the range of 0.6 m below the roadbed surface attenuates most sharply, and the influence of the dynamic stress on the deformation of the roadbed can be ignored at the position 3 m below the roadbed surface, thus the strength of the prefabricated roadbed block itself does not need to be too high, and the traditional roadbed material standard design can be adopted; and the root cause of the existing hard prefabricated roadbed structure greatly increasing the material strength beyond the functional requirement of the roadbed structure itself lies in that the prefabricated roadbed block is installed by hoisting. In the hoisting process, even if the soft bulk material of the conventional roadbed is compacted and thickened according to the requirements of the formed roadbed, the load formed by its own gravity will still be disintegrated and scattered in the hoisting process.

[0081] Based on this, step S3 comprises:

[0082] S31. A lifting rod is arranged in the preset functional hole, and the lifting rod is connected with the lifting device;

[0083] S32. The roadbed block is hoisted and transported;

[0084] S33. The roadbed blocks are stacked, the connection with the lifting device is cancelled, and the lifting rod is removed;

[0085] Step S4 comprises:

[0086] S41. A lifting rod is arranged in the preset functional hole, and the lifting rod is connected with the lifting device;

[0087] S42. The roadbed block is hoisted and transported;

[0088] S43. The roadbed blocks are laid, the connection with the lifting device is cancelled, and the lifting rod is removed.

[0089] By arranging the functional hole 21 to arrange the lifting rod 5 and cooperating with the lifting equipment to realize hoisting, the problem that the prefabricated roadbed block prepared by using soft bulk material is easy to disintegrate and scatter under the load of its own gravity in the hoisting process is reduced.

[0090] When the lifting rod is connected in steps S31 and S41, the construction method further comprises: fixing devices are arranged at both ends of the functional hole 21 to fix the lifting rod 5;

[0091] The fixing device is used to fix the lifting rod 5, reduce the shaking of the lifting rod 5 in the hoisting process, make the roadbed block more stable in the hoisting and transportation, and further avoid the disintegration and scattering of the bulk structure; the fixing device comprises self-locking nuts 4 screw-connected at both ends of the lifting rod 5, the both ends of the lifting rod 5 are threaded, and the lifting rod 5 is fixed by rotating and abutting the self-locking nuts 4 at both ends to the lightweight plate 2, so as to prevent the lifting rod 5 from shaking in the hoisting process; the inner ends of the self-locking nuts 4 are provided with embedded segments 41 with gradually decreasing outer diameters, the two embedded segments 41 are gradually embedded into the functional hole 21 as the self-locking nuts 4 are locked, the radial movement of the lifting rod 5 is limited, and the shaking of the lifting rod 5 is effectively prevented;

[0092] In an embodiment, the fixing device comprises arc-shaped elastic pieces 31 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the functional hole 21, the spacing between the arc-shaped elastic pieces 31 is less than or equal to the diameter of the lifting rod 5, and the arc-shaped elastic pieces 31 are used to abut the outer wall of the lifting rod 5 on both sides when lifting the roadbed block. Specifically, the fixing device comprises a snap ring 32 matched with the inner diameter of the functional hole 21, the arc-shaped elastic pieces 31 are arranged on the snap ring 32, the snap ring 32 is embedded at both ends of the functional hole 21, and when lifting, the lifting rod 5 with a diameter less than the diameter of the functional hole 21 is arranged in the functional hole 21 and the snap ring 32, and the lifting rod 5 is three-point positioned under the action of the inner wall of the snap ring 32 and the arc-shaped elastic pieces 31, the radial movement of the lifting rod 5 is limited, and the lifting process is more stable.

[0093] In an embodiment, the lifting device 6 comprises lifting points, a lifting frame 62, a damping structure 64 arranged on the lifting frame 62, and a lifting rope 63, the lifting rope 63 is used to connect the lifting points and the damping structure 64 and connect the damping structure 64 and the lifting rod 5, when the lifting rod is connected with the lifting device in steps S31 and S41, the construction method further comprises: connecting the lifting rope 63 of each lifting point with the corresponding position of the lifting rod 5, and the lifting rope 63 is gathered after the damping structure 64 and connected to the lifting point.

[0094] The hanger 62 is formed by welding steel materials such as steel pipes, angle steels, channel steels, etc. to form a frame structure. Under the support of the hanger 62, the hoisting ropes 63 keep a certain distance from the precast roadbed blocks, preventing the hoisting ropes 63 from shaking and colliding with the roadbed blocks during hoisting, which may cause the solid waste bulk structure 1 to knock and drop corners. The hoisting ropes 63 are gathered after the hanger 62 and connected to the hoisting point. The hoisting ropes 63 are gathered to reduce the vibration during hoisting to a certain extent. The edges of the hanger 62 are provided with multiple connection points, and the connection points are provided with damping structures 64. When the overall hoisting system is subjected to instantaneous impact, the damping structures 64 can quickly restore it to a stable state, ensuring the smooth operation of the system, reducing the vibration caused by external forces such as wind during hoisting, preventing the structure from being damaged due to the limit of dynamic stress, and protecting the integrity of the roadbed blocks. The damping structure 64 is also used to relieve the instantaneous impact caused by hoisting or lowering, quickly absorb the vibration caused by bumping, prevent the roadbed blocks from being damaged by excessive impact, and specifically, the damping structure 64 includes a second shell 641, a first stress rod 642 and a second stress rod 643 penetrating the second shell 641. The first stress rod 642 is used to connect with the hanger 62, and the second stress rod 643 is used to connect with the hoisting rod 5 through the hoisting rope 63. The first stress rod 642 is provided with a high-damping shock-absorbing spring 645. The ends of the first stress rod 642 and the second stress rod 643 are provided with limit blocks 644 to abut the inner wall of the second shell 641 to realize axial limiting. The two ends of the shock-absorbing spring 645 are connected between the limit block 644 at the end of the first stress rod 642 and the inner wall of the upper end of the second shell 641. During the hoisting operation, the shock-absorbing spring 645 can absorb most of the energy caused by the collision, so that the hoisted or lowered instantaneous hoisting object can remain stable.

[0095] In an embodiment, the hoisting point is provided with a heavy hammer bearing 61, including a first shell 611, a first plate-shaped lifting ring 612 arranged at the upper end of the first shell 611, and a force limiter 613 connected with the first plate-shaped lifting ring 612, a first rotating shaft 614 is arranged in the first shell 611, the first rotating shaft 614 is connected with a spherical rotating shaft 615 at the lower end position of the first shell 611, the spherical rotating shaft 615 is connected with a second plate-shaped lifting ring 619, the first rotating shaft 614 is connected with a gyroscope 616, and a damping filling layer is arranged between the first rotating shaft 614 and the inner wall of the first shell 611; the gyroscope 616 generates a large rotational inertia when rotating at a high speed, effectively reducing the rotation of the hoisting system caused by wind during hoisting, and resisting any force changing the axial direction of the rotor, which is called the axial stability or stability of the gyroscope 616, and has the following characteristics: the larger the rotational inertia of the rotor, the better the stability; the larger the angular velocity of the rotor, the better the stability; the hoisting structure reduces the influence of wind on hoisting operation by using the axial stability of the gyroscope 616; the damping filling layer is arranged on the inner wall top of the first shell 611, and includes a damping filling material 617 and a damping spring 618; the axial stability of the gyroscope 616, the damping spring 618 and the filled damping material provide damping for the rotating shaft, reduce the relative swing of the hoisting rope 63 and the heavy hammer bearing 61, and further improve the stability of the whole lifting device.

[0096] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of embankment construction, characterized by, The application is applied to a roadbed block, which comprises a solid waste bulk structure and a lightweight plate, the solid waste bulk structure is made of construction solid waste in a target construction site, and the lightweight plate is used for supporting the solid waste bulk structure and connecting with a hoisting device during hoisting, and the construction method comprises the following steps: S1. Roadbed block design; S11. Design preparation; S12. Solid waste collection, classification and property research; S13. Screening of solid waste and comprehensive proportioning according to roadbed performance indicators; S14. Determination of lightweight plate material and firing process; S15. Thickness ratio matching according to the properties of the lightweight plate material and the solid waste bulk structure material; S16. Roadbed block size design; S17. Test to determine solid waste bulk structure construction requirements; S2. Roadbed block production; S3. Roadbed block hoisting, transportation, storage and assembly; Step S12 comprises: determining the source of solid waste on site, determining the performance indicators of each solid waste, including compressive strength, water absorption, compressibility and density; screening according to the statistical results of the performance indicators of each solid waste, and selecting suitable solid waste and sampling for research.

2. The embankment construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, Step S13 comprises: mixing and proportioning the available solid waste selected in step S12, determining the optimal proportioning that meets the roadbed performance indicators, and meeting the minimum cohesion requirement after rolling and forming.

3. The embankment construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, Step S16 comprises:

4. The embankment construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, S161. Design the overall size of the roadbed block considering hoisting efficiency, production efficiency, production cost and production efficiency factors; S162. Calculate the total weight of a single prefabricated roadbed block, and design the thickness and strength of the lightweight plate according to the total weight. Step S17 comprises: determining the water content, production rolling number and rolling forming mode of the solid waste bulk structure through tests according to the compaction requirements.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein The lightweight plate is provided with a plurality of functional holes, and step S3 comprises:

6. The method of claim 1, wherein S31. A lifting rod is arranged in the preset functional hole, and the lifting rod is connected with the hoisting device; S32. The roadbed block is hoisted and transported; S33. The roadbed blocks are stacked, the connection with the hoisting device is cancelled, and the lifting rod is removed; Step S4 comprises: S41. A lifting rod is arranged in the preset functional hole, and the lifting rod is connected with the hoisting device; S42. The roadbed block is hoisted and transported; S43. The roadbed blocks are laid, the connection with the hoisting device is cancelled, and the lifting rod is removed. When the lifting rod is arranged in step S31 and step S41, the construction method further comprises: fixing the lifting rod by arranging fixing devices at both ends of the functional hole.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein The hoisting device comprises hoisting points, lifting frames, damping structures arranged on the lifting frames and lifting ropes, the lifting ropes are used to connect the hoisting points and the damping structures and connect the damping structures and the lifting rods, and when the lifting rod is connected with the hoisting device in step S31 and step S41, the construction method further comprises: connecting the lifting ropes of each hoisting point with the lifting rod at the corresponding position, and the lifting ropes are gathered and connected to the hoisting point after passing through the damping structure.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein ​

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