A large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool and press-fitting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool, comprising a base, a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are provided on the base, and the first and second connecting holes are connected through a hydraulic oil chamber; a first piston with a guide rod fixed on the upper end is arranged in the first connecting hole; a second piston with an ejector rod installed on the upper end is arranged in the second connecting hole; a large piston positioning seat is fixed on the upper side of the base, a small piston positioning seat is movably installed on the upper side of the large piston positioning seat, the ejector rod is connected to the small piston positioning seat, and the guide rod passes through the large piston positioning seat and the small piston positioning seat and is inserted in the positioning pin holes of the large and small pistons; an oil outlet is provided on the side of the base, and the oil outlet is connected to an accumulator through a liquid level gauge and a switching valve. By providing a linked guide rod and an ejector rod, the small piston supports the large piston, and the large piston is prevented from being deformed by pressure, thereby ensuring the stability of the press-fitting and improving the press-fitting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of piston press-fitting, and in particular to a press-fitting positioning tool for large and small pistons and a press-fitting device. Background Art

[0002] In the past, compressed air supply systems were mostly used in high-end overseas brands such as Land Rover, Volvo, and Mercedes-Benz. As domestic independent car companies continue to launch high-end brands, compressed air supply systems are becoming more and more widely used, and the use of secondary air compressors in compressed air supply systems is also increasing.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, the two-stage air compressor realizes the conversion of gas from low pressure to high pressure through large and small pistons 1 with different diameters. Among them, the large and small pistons 1 include a small piston 11 and a large piston 14. During assembly, a needle bearing 12 is firstly fitted in the small piston 11 by interference fit, and then the large piston 14 and the small piston 11 are assembled together by interference fit through the locating pin 13, and finally the large and small pistons 1 are connected to the crankshaft through the crankshaft hole 15 on the small piston 11. Since there is a gap A in the vertical direction of the large and small pistons 1, it is easy to cause the large piston 14 to bend and deform when the locating pin 13 is pressed. At present, the large and small pistons are mainly fixed by tooling, and gaskets are inserted between the large and small pistons to offset the gap. Not only do we need to prepare a variety of gaskets of different thicknesses, there is a problem of low press-fitting efficiency, but also the stability is poor, and the quality of press-fitting cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present application proposes a large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool and a press-fitting device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool and a press-fitting device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology. The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool comprises a base, wherein a hydraulic oil chamber is arranged inside the base, and a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are vertically opened on the upper surface of the base, and the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are both connected to the hydraulic oil chamber; a first piston is arranged in the first connecting hole, and a guide rod is vertically installed on the upper end of the first piston; a second piston is arranged in the second connecting hole, and an ejector rod is vertically installed on the upper end of the second piston; a large piston positioning seat is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, a small piston positioning seat is movably installed on the upper side of the large piston positioning seat, the ejector rod is connected to the small piston positioning seat, and the guide rod passes through the large piston positioning seat and the small piston positioning seat in sequence and is inserted into the positioning pin holes of the large and small pistons; an oil outlet is opened on the side of the base, and the oil outlet is connected to an accumulator through a switching valve, and a liquid level gauge is arranged between the switching valve and the oil outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting sleeve is provided in the first connecting hole, and the connecting sleeve is a cylindrical shell with an opening at the lower end. The first piston is slidably installed in the connecting sleeve, and the guide rod passes through the top end of the connecting sleeve; a plug is provided at the lower end of the connecting sleeve, and a through hole is opened on the plug, and a compression spring is provided between the plug and the first piston.

[0008] Furthermore, a guide sleeve is fixed to the top end of the connecting sleeve, and the guide sleeve is coaxially arranged with the guide rod.

[0009] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the side surface of the connecting sleeve, and an O-type sealing ring is sleeved in the annular groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the large piston locating seat is in a straight line shape, one end of the large piston locating seat is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve through a locking sleeve, the other end of the large piston locating seat is connected to the base through a connecting rod, and a large piston locating block is fixed to one end of the large piston locating seat close to the connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the small piston locating seat is in a herringbone shape, a crankshaft hole locating pin is fixed on one side of the upper surface of the small piston locating seat, and the crankshaft hole locating pin matches the crankshaft hole of the small piston; a small piston locating block is fixed on the other side of the upper surface of the small piston locating seat.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting column is fixed on the upper side of the base, and the small piston positioning seat is movably connected to the limiting column through a linear bearing.

[0013] The present application also discloses a large and small piston pressing device, comprising a workbench, on which any of the above-mentioned positioning tools is installed, a travel rod is installed on the workbench, a lifting platform is movably installed on the travel rod, a pressing mechanism is installed at the lower end of the lifting platform, and the position of the pressing mechanism is coordinated with the position of the positioning tool.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressing mechanism includes a pressing sleeve, which is fixed on the lower side of the lifting platform. The pressing sleeve is a cylindrical shell with an open lower end. A buffer sleeve is movably installed on the lower end of the pressing sleeve. A buffer spring is arranged between the buffer sleeve and the top of the pressing sleeve. A pressing rod is fixed on the top of the pressing sleeve, and the pressing rod at least partially extends into the buffer sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, a threaded hole penetrating the lifting platform is provided at the top of the press-in sleeve, and a thread is provided at the upper portion of the press rod, and the press rod is screwed into the threaded hole.

[0016] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] 1. By setting the linked guide rod and ejector rod, when the guide rod is pressed down, the ejector rod moves up to lift the small piston and abut against the lower surface of the large piston, and the excess hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil outlet, so that the small piston supports the large piston, avoiding the deformation of the large piston under pressure, ensuring the stability of the press-fitting, and improving the press-fitting quality;

[0018] 2. The ejection height of the ejector rod can be adjusted by the liquid level gauge, so that pistons of different sizes can be pressed in without the need for gaskets of different thicknesses, which improves the press-fitting efficiency and saves the press-fitting cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the large and small pistons of the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning tooling for the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning tooling of the embodiment of the present application parallel to the axis direction of the large and small pistons;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning tooling of the embodiment of the present application perpendicular to the axis direction of the large and small pistons;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the large piston positioning seat in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the small piston positioning seat in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning of the large and small pistons in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the press-fitting device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] The following are marked: 1. Large and small pistons; 11. Small piston; 12. Needle bearing; 13. Positioning pin; 14. Large piston; 15. Crankshaft hole; A. Clearance; 2. Base; 21. Upper base; 211. First connecting hole; 212. Second connecting hole; 22. Lower base; 23. Hydraulic oil chamber; 24. O-ring I; 25. Oil outlet; 26. Second piston; 27. Ejector rod; 3. Liquid level gauge; 4. Switching valve; 5. Accumulator; 6. Connecting sleeve; 61. First piston; 62. Guide Rod; 63, guide sleeve; 64, plug; 65, compression spring; 66, O-ring II; 7, large piston locating seat; 71, locking sleeve; 72, connecting rod; 73, large piston locating block; 8, small piston locating seat; 81, avoidance hole; 82, crankshaft hole locating pin; 83, small piston locating block; 84, limit column; 9, workbench; 91, travel rod; 92, lifting platform; 93, press-in mechanism; 931, press-in sleeve; 932, buffer sleeve; 933, buffer spring; 934, pressure rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation methods of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 2 The large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool shown in FIG. 1 includes a base 2, a liquid level meter 3, a switching valve 4 and an accumulator 5. Figure 3 As shown, the base 2 includes an upper base 21 and a lower base 22, both of which are rectangular structures, and the upper base 21 is fixedly connected to the lower base 22 by bolts. Among them, an oil groove is provided on the lower surface of the upper base 21, and the oil groove and the upper surface of the lower base 22 form a hydraulic oil chamber 23. An annular sealing groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower base 22, and the annular sealing groove is located outside the oil groove. An O-ring 1 24 is installed in the annular sealing groove to prevent oil leakage from the connection surface between the upper base 21 and the lower base 22.

[0033] like Figure 2-Figure 6As shown, a first connecting hole 211 is vertically opened in the middle of the upper surface of the upper base 21, and the bottom end of the first connecting hole 211 is connected to the hydraulic oil chamber 23. A connecting sleeve 6 is installed in the first connecting hole 211. The connecting sleeve 6 is a cylindrical shell with an opening at the lower end. A first piston 61 is slidably installed in the connecting sleeve 6. A guide rod 62 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first piston 61. The guide rod 62 passes through the top of the connecting sleeve 6. A guide sleeve 63 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod 62. The lower end of the guide sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to a plug 64 with a through hole in the center. A compression spring 65 is installed between the plug 64 and the first piston 61. Among them, two annular grooves are opened on the side of the connecting sleeve 6, and O-type sealing rings II 66 are respectively installed in the annular grooves to prevent oil leakage between the connecting surface of the connecting sleeve 6 and the first connecting hole 211.

[0034] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, two second connecting holes 212 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the first connecting hole 211, and second pistons 26 are respectively installed in the two second connecting holes 212. The size of the second piston 26 is smaller than that of the first piston 61, and ejector rods 27 are respectively fixed on the tops of the two second pistons 26.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, an oil outlet 25 is provided on the side of the base 2, and the oil outlet 25 is connected to the switching valve 4 and the accumulator 5 in sequence through a pipeline, and a liquid level gauge 3 is also installed between the oil outlet 25 and the switching valve 4. When the guide rod 62 is pressed down by force, the first piston 61 is pushed down, so that the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic oil chamber 23 increases, the two second pistons 26 rise, and the ejection rod 27 is pushed up. The liquid level of the hydraulic oil is monitored by the liquid level gauge 3. When the set liquid level is reached, the switching valve 4 is opened to discharge the excess hydraulic oil into the accumulator 5, so that the rising height of the second piston 26 can be adjusted, that is, the ejection height of the ejection rod 27 can be adjusted. When the pressure on the guide rod 62 is removed, the first piston 61 rises under the action of the compression spring 65, the liquid level in the hydraulic oil chamber 23 drops, the two second pistons 26 drop, and the two ejection rods 27 fall back. At the same time, the accumulator 5 returns the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic oil chamber 23.

[0036] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, a large piston positioning seat 7 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 2. The large piston positioning seat 7 is in a straight line shape. A locking sleeve 71 is fixed to the left end of the large piston positioning seat 7. The locking sleeve 71 is locked on the outside of the guide sleeve 63 by bolts. A connecting rod 72 is vertically installed on the right end of the large piston positioning seat 7. The lower end of the connecting rod 72 is fixedly connected to the base 2. Among them, a large piston positioning block 73 protruding upward is fixed to the right end of the large piston positioning seat 7. When in use, on the one hand, the large piston positioning seat 7 plays a role in fixing the connecting sleeve 6; on the other hand, the large piston 14 is positioned through the cooperation of the guide rod 62, the guide sleeve 63 and the large piston positioning block 73.

[0037] like Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, a small piston locating seat 8 is movably mounted on the upper side of the large piston locating seat 7, and the top of the ejector rod 27 is fixedly connected to the small piston locating seat 8 by bolts. The small piston locating seat 8 is in a herringbone shape, and a avoidance hole 81 is opened in the center of the small piston locating seat 8. The small piston locating seat 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide sleeve 63 through the avoidance hole 81. A boss is fixed at the right end of the small piston locating seat 8, and a crankshaft hole locating pin 82 is vertically fixed on the boss. A small piston locating block 83 is fixed at the left end of the small piston locating seat 8, and the small piston locating seat 8 realizes the positioning of the small piston 11 through the cooperation of the small piston locating block 83, the guide rod 62 and the crankshaft hole locating pin 82.

[0038] Preferably, two limit columns 84 are vertically fixed on the surface of the base 2, and the two limit columns 84 are respectively located on both sides of the guide column 62. The small piston positioning seat 8 is movably connected to the limit columns 84 through a linear bearing to improve the stability of the lifting and lowering of the small piston positioning seat 8.

[0039] like Figure 2-Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, when in use, the large and small pistons 1 are placed on the positioning fixture, so that the left end of the large piston 14 abuts against the upper surface of the guide sleeve 63, and the right end of the large piston 14 abuts against the top of the large piston positioning block 73; the left end of the small piston 11 abuts against the upper surface of the small piston positioning block 83, and the right end of the small piston 11 abuts against the upper surface of the boss, and the crankshaft hole sleeve of the small piston 11 is arranged on the crankshaft hole positioning pin 82, and at the same time, the guide rod 62 passes through the mounting hole of the large piston 14 and the mounting hole of the small piston 11 in sequence.

[0040] When in use, the positioning pin 13 is pressed down to press the guide rod 62 downward, pushing the first piston 61 downward, raising the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic oil chamber 23, raising the two second pistons 26, and pushing the ejector rod 27 upward, so that the upper surface of the small piston 11 abuts against the lower surface of the upper end of the large piston 14, supporting the large piston 14 and preventing the large piston 14 from deforming. As the positioning pin 13 continues to descend, the level gauge 3 is triggered to discharge the excess hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil chamber 23, so that the ejector rod 27 no longer rises.

[0041] After the press-fitting is completed, the large and small pistons 1 are removed, and the first piston 61 rises under the action of the compression spring 65, the liquid level in the hydraulic oil chamber 23 drops, and the two second pistons 26 drop, causing the two ejector rods 27 to fall back. At the same time, the accumulator 5 returns the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic oil chamber 23, waiting for the next large and small pistons 1 to be pressed.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 A large and small piston press-fitting device shown in the figure comprises a workbench 9, which is a rectangular plate, and the center of the upper surface of the workbench 9 is installed with the positioning tool described in Example 1. Travel rods 91 are fixed on both sides of the base 2 of the positioning tool, and a lifting platform 92 is movably installed between the two travel rods 91. A pressing mechanism 93 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting platform 92. The lifting platform 92 can move up and down along the travel rod 91 under the drive of the driving device to realize the rise or fall of the pressing mechanism 93. Among them, the driving device is preferably a motor, so that the precise control of the pressing depth of the positioning pin 13 can be achieved.

[0044] like Figure 4 , Fig. 9 As shown, the pressing mechanism 93 includes a pressing sleeve 931, which is a cylindrical shell with an opening at the lower end. The pressing sleeve 931 is vertically fixed to the lower end of the lifting platform 92. The lower end movable sleeve of the pressing sleeve 931 is provided with a buffer sleeve 932, and a buffer spring 933 is installed between the buffer sleeve 932 and the top of the pressing sleeve 931. A convex ring is provided at the upper end of the buffer sleeve 932 to prevent the buffer sleeve 932 from slipping out of the pressing sleeve 931. A pressing rod 934 is fixed to the top of the pressing sleeve 931, and the pressing rod 934 is located directly above the guide rod 62, and the lower end of the pressing rod 934 extends into the buffer sleeve 932. When in use, the positioning pin 13 is placed in the buffer sleeve 932, and the driving device drives the lifting platform 92 to press down along the travel rod 91. When the buffer sleeve 932 contacts the upper surface of the large piston 14, the buffer sleeve 932 shrinks upward, and the pressure rod 934 continues to move downward to press the positioning pin 13 into the mounting holes of the large and small pistons 1. The buffer sleeve 932 can clamp the positioning pin 13 on the one hand, and can press the large piston 14 on the other hand to achieve auxiliary positioning of the large and small pistons 1.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a threaded hole is provided on the lifting platform 92 to penetrate the press sleeve 931, and a thread is provided on the upper part of the pressing rod 934, and the pressing rod 934 is screwed into the threaded hole. By adjusting the screwing depth of the pressing rod 934, the press-fitting operation of the positioning pins 13 of different lengths can be achieved.

[0046] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0047] 1. By setting the linked guide rod and ejector rod, when the guide rod is pressed down, the ejector rod moves up to lift the small piston and abut against the lower surface of the large piston, and the excess hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil outlet, so that the small piston supports the large piston, avoiding the deformation of the large piston under pressure, ensuring the stability of the press-fitting, and improving the press-fitting quality;

[0048] 2. The ejection height of the ejector rod can be adjusted by the liquid level gauge, so that pistons of different sizes can be pressed in without the need for gaskets of different thicknesses, which improves the press-fitting efficiency and saves the press-fitting cost.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0050] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large and small piston press-fitting positioning tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base, wherein a hydraulic oil chamber is arranged inside the base, and a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are vertically opened on the upper surface of the base, and the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are both connected with the hydraulic oil chamber; a first piston is arranged in the first connecting hole, and a guide rod is vertically installed on the upper end of the first piston; a second piston is arranged in the second connecting hole, and an ejector rod is vertically installed on the upper end of the second piston; a large piston locating seat is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, a small piston locating seat is movably installed on the upper side of the large piston locating seat, the ejector rod is connected with the small piston locating seat, and the guide rod passes through the large piston locating seat and the small piston locating seat in sequence and is inserted in the locating pin holes of the large and small pistons; an oil outlet is opened on the side of the base, and the oil outlet is connected with an accumulator through a switching valve, and a liquid level gauge is arranged between the switching valve and the oil outlet.

2. A large and small piston press-fitting and positioning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve is arranged in the first connecting hole, and the connecting sleeve is a cylindrical shell with an opening at the lower end. The first piston is slidably installed in the connecting sleeve, and the guide rod passes through the top end of the connecting sleeve; a plug is arranged at the lower end of the connecting sleeve, and a through hole is opened on the plug, and a compression spring is arranged between the plug and the first piston.

3. A large and small piston press-fitting and positioning tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide sleeve is fixed to the top end of the connecting sleeve, and the guide sleeve is coaxially arranged with the guide rod.

4. A large and small piston press-fitting and positioning tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular groove is provided on the side surface of the connecting sleeve, and an O-type sealing ring is sleeved in the annular groove.

5. The large and small piston press-fitting and positioning tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The large piston locating seat is in a straight line shape, one end of the large piston locating seat is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve via a locking sleeve, the other end of the large piston locating seat is connected to the base via a connecting rod, and a large piston locating block is fixed to one end of the large piston locating seat close to the connecting rod.

6. A large and small piston press-fitting and positioning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small piston locating seat is in a herringbone shape, a crankshaft hole locating pin is fixed on one side of the upper surface of the small piston locating seat, and the crankshaft hole locating pin matches the crankshaft hole of the small piston; a small piston locating block is fixed on the other side of the upper surface of the small piston locating seat.

7. The large and small piston press-fitting and positioning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting column is fixed on the upper side of the base, and the small piston positioning seat is movably connected to the limiting column through a linear bearing.

8. A large and small piston press-fitting device, characterized in that: It comprises a workbench, on which is installed the positioning tooling according to any one of claims 1-7, a travel rod is installed on the workbench, a lifting platform is movably installed on the travel rod, a pressing mechanism is installed at the lower end of the lifting platform, and the position of the pressing mechanism matches the position of the positioning tooling.

9. A large and small piston press-fitting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism includes a pressing sleeve, which is fixed on the lower side of the lifting platform. The pressing sleeve is a cylindrical shell with an open lower end. A buffer sleeve is movably installed on the lower end of the pressing sleeve. A buffer spring is arranged between the buffer sleeve and the top of the pressing sleeve. A pressing rod is fixed on the top of the pressing sleeve, and the pressing rod at least partially extends into the buffer sleeve.

10. A large and small piston press-fitting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A threaded hole penetrating the lifting platform is provided at the top of the press-in sleeve, and a thread is provided at the upper portion of the pressure rod, and the pressure rod is screwed into the threaded hole.

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