Large-scale shaking table model test device and method for dynamic deformation test of earth-rock dam

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for testing the dynamic deformation of a dam body in a large-scale vibration table model test of an earth-rock dam, comprising a displacement sensor, a sensing end, a test rod sheath, a plastic protective cover and a flexible lead, wherein the end of the displacement sensor is connected to the sensing end, the sensing end increases the force bearing area at the measuring point and is fixed, and deforms in coordination with the measuring point; the rigid test rod is sheathed at the connection between the sensor and the test rod, and the test rod and the sheath are covered with a plastic protective cover; the displacement sensor is electrically connected to a data acquisition device and a data processing device through a signal output line. The method for testing the dynamic deformation of an earth-rock dam in the horizontal and vertical directions comprises steps S1-S5 and steps A1-A5, respectively. The present invention can realize the direct measurement of the horizontal and vertical displacements of any position of the earth-rock dam vibration table model, and the data acquisition and processing equipment can be synchronously controlled with the vibration table, and the whole process is automatically and dynamically monitored and data is processed, without the need to add additional working conditions, which can greatly shorten the test cycle and reduce time and labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of research on earth-rock dam shaking table model tests, and in particular to a dynamic deformation test device and a test method for a dam body of an earth-rock dam large-scale shaking table model test. Background Art

[0002] The large-scale shaking table model test of earth-rock dam can simulate the dynamic response of the model structure under the action of seismic load by inputting seismic waves, study the seismic damage process of earth-rock dam, and reveal the seismic damage mechanism of earth-rock dam. The deformation process of earth-rock dam body during earthquake is an important indicator for judging the seismic dynamic response characteristics of earth-rock dam, so it is necessary to accurately measure the entire process of displacement change of the measuring point of the model dam body.

[0003] During an earthquake, the rock and soil of the dam body may slide, translate or rotate. This process has macroscopic discontinuity and randomness of the movement of individual blocks. Therefore, the deformation test problem of specific measuring points in the dam body in the shaking table model test of earth-rock dams has been difficult to solve effectively.

[0004] In order to have an overall grasp of the seismic deformation process of various parts of the dam body, it is necessary to measure the displacement of any position of the dam body in a large-scale shaking table model test of an earth-rock dam. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic deformation testing device and a testing method for a large-scale shaking table model test of an earth-rock dam with high testing accuracy and low cost, which can realize automatic real-time measurement of the entire deformation process of any position in the dam body of a large-scale shaking table model test of an earth-rock dam.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] Provided is a dam body dynamic deformation test device for a large-scale shaking table model test of an earth-rock dam, which includes a displacement sensor, a sensing end, a test rod sheath, a plastic protective cover and a flexible lead. The sensing end increases the force bearing area at the measuring point and is fixed, and deforms in coordination with the deformation measuring point. The deformation measuring point includes a horizontal deformation measuring point and a vertical deformation measuring point.

[0008] When the deformation test in the vertical direction is carried out, the test device is installed on the vertical deformation measuring point, and the end of the rigid test rod of the displacement sensor is connected to the sensing end;

[0009] When performing a deformation test in the horizontal direction, the test device is installed on the horizontal deformation measuring point, and the end of the rigid test rod of the displacement sensor is connected to the sensing end through a flexible lead;

[0010] The plastic protective cover extends from the displacement sensor to the sensing end;

[0011] The connection between the rigid test rod and the sensor body is covered with a test rod sheath, and the test rod and the sheath are covered with a plastic protective cover; the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition device through a signal output line, and the data acquisition device is connected to the data processing device through the signal output line.

[0012] Further, the end of the rigid test rod is connected to the sensing end through a flexible lead, and the plastic protective cover extends from the displacement sensor to the sensing end.

[0013] Further, the length of the test rod sheath is shorter than the length of the rigid test rod.

[0014] A method for testing the horizontal dynamic deformation of an earth-rock dam using the large-scale shaking table model test device for testing the dynamic deformation of the dam body is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Build the earth-rock dam shaking table model box and foundation for horizontal dynamic test;

[0016] S2: According to the test requirements, several horizontal deformation measuring points are determined inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope. Several horizontal deformation measuring points are vertically distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope.

[0017] S3: During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first horizontal deformation measuring point is reached, a deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor of the deformation test device is placed on the dam axis, ensuring that the rigid test rod is horizontal, the rigid test rod is placed in the test rod sheath, a flexible lead is connected to the outer end of the rigid test rod, and the rigid test rod and the flexible lead are covered with a tubular plastic protective sheath as a whole, the sensing end is bonded to the outer side of the flexible lead, and the sensing end is fixed at the horizontal measuring point position of the earth-rock dam shaking table model;

[0018] S4: Continue to compact the vibration table model, repeat step S3, and fill the soil layer by layer until deformation test devices are installed on all horizontal deformation measurement points; and make the material density at the sensing end close to the density of the filling soil in the model box;

[0019] S5: The signal output line of each deformation test device is connected to the data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device is connected to the data processing device; during the vibration process, the sensing end pulls the rigid test rod through the flexible lead to move relative to the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor collects deformation data and inputs it into the data acquisition device, and the data processing device performs real-time data processing and analysis and displacement image display.

[0020] A method for testing the vertical dynamic deformation of an earth-rock dam using the large-scale shaking table model test device for an earth-rock dam body is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] A1: Build a model box and weld a horizontal steel bracket on the top of the model box. The steel bracket and the model box form a rigid whole without relative movement.

[0022] A2: According to the test requirements, several vertical deformation measurement points are selected inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top. Several vertical deformation measurement points are distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top;

[0023] A3: During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first vertical deformation measurement point is reached, a deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor of the deformation test device is fixed on a steel bracket, ensuring that the rigid test rod extends vertically downward, the rigid test rod is placed in the test rod sheath, and the rigid test rod is covered with a tubular plastic protective cover, the sensing end is bonded to the outside, and the sensing end is fixed at the first vertical deformation measurement point of the dam model;

[0024] A4: Continue to construct and compact the shaking table model, repeat step A3, and fill the soil layer by layer until deformation test devices are installed on all vertical deformation measurement points; and make the material density at the sensing end close to the density of the filling soil in the model box;

[0025] A5: Connect the signal output lines of several deformation test devices to the data acquisition device, and connect the data acquisition device to the data processing device; during the vibration process, the sensing end pulls the rigid test rod to move relative to the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor collects deformation data and inputs it into the data acquisition device, and the data processing device performs real-time data processing and analysis and displacement image display.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) The measurement range is not limited to the dam slope surface, and the horizontal and vertical displacements at any position inside the dam slope can be measured;

[0028] (2) Data processing is real-time and efficient, and the data acquisition and processing equipment can be synchronously controlled with the vibration table. The deformation testing device and testing method of the present invention can directly proceed to the next working condition after the previous working condition is completed, without the need for additional working condition interference. The whole process is automatically dynamically monitored, the dynamic process of deformation of the measuring point is understood in real time, and the displacement change process of the measuring point during vibration is fully recorded. The data acquisition and processing equipment can be synchronously controlled with the vibration table. When the vibration is completed, the test results are processed, which can greatly shorten the test cycle and reduce time and labor costs.

[0029] (3) The addition of a sensing end increases the force-bearing area at the measuring point, achieving effective fixation with the measuring point on the dam body, eliminating errors caused by the rolling and sliding of gravel on the soil, or the rigid flipping of the surrounding local soil, so that the test results can reflect the actual displacement of the measuring point on the dam body and are more sensitive; its density is similar to that of the soil, and the sensing end and the measuring point can coordinate deformation to minimize its impact on the dynamic response of the model dam.

[0030] (4) This solution adds a plastic protective cover to eliminate the friction effect of soil particles on the displacement sensor, eliminate the influence of soil displacement around the rigid test rod on the test results, and improve the accuracy of the test results;

[0031] (5) Adding a rigid test rod connected to an external flexible lead in the horizontal deformation test device can adapt to the vertical uneven deformation of the connection line, reduce the extrusion displacement and friction between the test rod and the protective cover, and improve the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of Example 2.

[0034] Figure 3 This is the test structure diagram of the horizontal dynamic deformation of the earth-rock dam.

[0035] Figure 4 This is the test structure diagram of the vertical dynamic deformation of the earth-rock dam.

[0036] Among them, 1. signal output line, 2. displacement sensor, 3. test rod sheath, 4. plastic protective cover, 5. rigid test rod, 6. flexible lead, 7. sensing end, 8. data acquisition equipment, 9. data processing equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, the large-scale shaking table model test device for earth-rock dam vertical dynamic deformation test of the present scheme comprises a displacement sensor 2, a sensing end 7, a test rod sheath 3 and a plastic protective cover 4. The end of the rigid test rod 5 of the displacement sensor 2 is connected to the sensing end 7. The sensing end 7 increases the force bearing area and fixation at the measuring point, and deforms in coordination with the measuring point. The connection between the rigid test rod 5 and the sensor 2 body is covered with a test rod sheath 3, and the test rod 5 and the test rod sheath 3 are covered with a plastic protective cover 4. The displacement sensor 2 is electrically connected to the data acquisition device 8 through the signal output line 1, and the data acquisition device 8 is connected to the data processing device 9 through the signal output line. The length of the test rod sheath 3 is less than the length of the rigid test rod 5, and the plastic protective cover 4 extends from the displacement sensor 2 to the sensing end 7.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the large-scale shaking table model test device for earth-rock dam horizontal dynamic deformation test of the present scheme comprises a displacement sensor 2, a sensing end 7, a test rod sheath 3, a plastic protective cover 4 and a flexible lead 6. The rigid test rod 5 of the displacement sensor 2 is connected to the sensing end 7 through the flexible lead 6. The sensing end 7 increases the force bearing area and fixation at the measuring point, and deforms in coordination with the measuring point. The connection between the rigid test rod 5 and the sensor 2 body is covered with a test rod sheath 3, and the test rod 5 and the test rod sheath 3 are covered with a plastic protective cover 4. The displacement sensor 2 is electrically connected to the data acquisition device 8 through the signal output line 1, and the data acquisition device 8 is connected to the data processing device 9 through the signal output line. The length of the test rod sheath 3 is less than the length of the rigid test rod 5, and the plastic protective cover 4 extends from the displacement sensor 2 to the sensing end 7.

[0042] In the present invention, a plastic protective cover 4 is added to eliminate the friction effect of soil particles on the displacement sensor 2, and the influence of soil displacement around the rigid test rod 5 on the test results is eliminated, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results; in Example 2, a rigid test rod 5 is added to the horizontal deformation test device with an external flexible lead 6, which can adapt to the vertical uneven deformation on the connecting line, reduce the extrusion displacement and friction between the test rod and the protective cover, and improve the accuracy of the test results; an additional sensing end 7 is added to increase the force area at the measuring point, and achieve effective fixation at the measuring point of the dam body. Its density is similar to that of the soil, and the sensing end and the measuring point can coordinate deformation to minimize its influence on the dynamic response of the model dam.

[0043] The end of the rigid test rod 5 of the traditional displacement sensor 2 is connected to a sensing end 7 having the same or close density to the fill. The sensing end 7 increases the force-bearing area at the measuring point, realizes effective fixation with the measuring point of the dam body, eliminates the error caused by the rolling and sliding of gravel on the soil body, or the rigid flipping of the surrounding local soil body, so that the test result of the displacement sensor 2 can reflect the actual displacement of the measuring point of the dam body and is more sensitive.

[0044] During the test, the backfill is a granular frictional material. The plastic protective cover 4 can reduce the friction between the surrounding soil and the rigid test rod 5, reduce the constraint on the displacement of the rigid test rod 5, and prevent the displacement of the soil (non-test point) around the rigid test rod 5 from being counted, ensuring that the sensor reading is the displacement change of the measuring point.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in this scheme, the method for testing the horizontal dynamic deformation of an earth-rock dam using the large-scale shaking table model test dam body dynamic deformation test device mentioned above comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1: Build the earth-rock dam shaking table model box and foundation for horizontal dynamic test;

[0047] S2: According to the test requirements, several horizontal deformation measuring points are determined inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope. Several horizontal deformation measuring points are vertically distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope.

[0048] S3: During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first horizontal deformation measuring point is reached, a horizontal dynamic deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor 2 of the horizontal dynamic deformation test device is placed on the dam axis, ensuring that the rigid test rod 5 is horizontal, the rigid test rod 5 is placed in the test rod sheath 3, the flexible lead 6 is connected to the outer end of the rigid test rod 5, and the rigid test rod 5 and the flexible lead 6 are integrally covered with a tubular plastic protective sheath 4, the outer side of the flexible lead 6 is bonded to the sensing end 7, and the sensing end 7 is fixed at the horizontal measuring point position of the earth-rock dam shaking table model;

[0049] The rigid test rod 5 has a limited length, and the external flexible lead 6 can extend the length of the test rod to measure the displacement of any position in the dam body and on the slope. Secondly, when conducting a horizontal deformation test of a measuring point, the sensor is laid out horizontally, but for some models with large settlement, large stress or high height, after a certain height is constructed, due to uneven settlement of the soil, the rigid test rod 5 may bend and become non-planar. Compared with the rigid test rod 5, the flexible lead 6 can reduce the friction between the protective cover.

[0050] S4: Continue to compact the model on the vibration table, repeat step S3, and fill the soil layer by layer until all horizontal deformation measuring points are installed with horizontal deformation test devices; and make the material density of the sensing end 7 close to the density of the filling soil in the model box;

[0051] S5: The signal output line 1 of each horizontal dynamic deformation test device is connected to the data acquisition device 8, and the data acquisition device 8 is connected to the data processing device 9; during the vibration process, the sensing end 7 pulls the rigid test rod 5 through the flexible lead to move relative to the displacement sensor 2, the displacement sensor 2 collects deformation data and inputs it into the data acquisition device 8, and the data processing device 9 performs real-time data processing and analysis and displacement image display.

[0052] When testing the horizontal deformation of the dam body, an external flexible lead 6 is used to connect the sensing end 7. The main reasons are that the rigid test rod 5 of the displacement sensor 2 has a limited length, and the external flexible lead 6 can extend the length of the test rod to measure the displacement of any position inside the dam body and on the slope; secondly, due to the uneven settlement of the soil, the test rod may bend and not always remain in the same horizontal plane. Compared with the rigid test rod 5, the flexible lead 6 can adapt to various curved surfaces, reduce the friction between the protective cover, and reduce the mutual influence between the test device and the model.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in this scheme, the method for testing the vertical dynamic deformation of the earth-rock dam using the above-mentioned large-scale shaking table model test dam body dynamic deformation test device comprises the following steps:

[0054] A1: Build a model box and weld a horizontal steel bracket on the top of the model box. The steel bracket and the model box form a rigid whole without relative movement.

[0055] A2: According to the test requirements, several vertical deformation measurement points are selected inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top. Several vertical deformation measurement points are distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top;

[0056] A3: When the earth-rock dam shaking table model is compacted and reaches the elevation of the first vertical deformation measuring point, a vertical dynamic deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor 2 of the vertical dynamic deformation test device is fixed on the steel bracket, ensuring that the rigid test rod 5 extends vertically downward, the rigid test rod 5 is placed in the test rod sheath 3, and the rigid test rod 5 is integrally sleeved with a tubular plastic protective sheath 4, the outside of which is bonded with a sensing end 7, and the sensing end 7 is fixed at the first vertical deformation measuring point of the dam body model;

[0057] A4: Continue to construct and compact the shaking table model, repeat step A3, and fill the soil layer by layer until the vertical dynamic deformation test device is installed on all vertical deformation measurement points;

[0058] A5: Connect the signal output lines 1 of several vertical dynamic deformation test devices to the data acquisition device 8, and connect the data acquisition device 8 to the data processing device 9; during the vibration process, the sensing end 7 pulls the rigid test rod 5 to move relative to the displacement sensor 2, the displacement sensor 2 collects deformation data and inputs it into the data acquisition device 8, and the data processing device 9 performs real-time data processing and analysis and displacement image display.

[0059] When testing the vertical deformation of the dam body, a rigid test rod 5 is connected to the sensing end 7. The main reasons are that vertical deformation generally only causes settlement, but the flexible lead 6 cannot test upward displacements such as shear expansion and bulge in a few cases; secondly, the vertical flexible lead 6 is easily affected by its own weight and causes it to slide, while the lower end of the rigid test rod 5 can maintain an upright state when in contact with the test point, thus ensuring the normal operation of the sensor.

[0060] The test method of the present invention is more accurate, eliminating the influence of the offset at the measuring point caused by the rolling and sliding of gravel above the measuring point, the rigid flipping of the surrounding local soil, or the displacement of the soil around the displacement sensor 2; the measurement accuracy is high and relatively stable. It can monitor the dynamic deformation of the measuring point, understand the dynamic process of the deformation of the measuring point in real time, and fully record the displacement change process of the measuring point during vibration; the measurement range is not limited to the surface of the dam slope, and any position inside the dam slope can be directly measured; the data processing is real-time and efficient, and the data acquisition and processing equipment can be synchronously controlled with the vibration table.

[0061] The deformation testing device and testing method of the present invention can directly proceed to the next working condition after the previous working condition is completed, and the data acquisition and processing equipment can be synchronously controlled with the vibration table. When the vibration is completed, the test results are processed, which can greatly shorten the test cycle and reduce time and labor costs.

Claims

1. A large-scale shaking table model test device for earth-rock dam body dynamic deformation test, characterized in that: It includes a displacement sensor, a sensing end, a test rod sheath, a plastic protective cover and a flexible lead. The sensing end increases the force bearing area and fixation at the measuring point, and coordinates deformation with the deformation measuring point. The deformation measuring point includes a horizontal deformation measuring point and a vertical deformation measuring point. When performing a deformation test in the vertical direction, the test device is installed on the vertical deformation measuring point, and the end of the rigid test rod of the displacement sensor is connected to the sensing end; Build a model box, and weld a horizontal steel bracket on the top of the model box, so that the steel bracket and the model box form a rigid whole without relative movement; According to the test requirements, several vertical deformation measurement points are selected inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top. Several vertical deformation measurement points are distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top. During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first vertical deformation measuring point is reached, a deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor of the deformation test device is fixed on a steel bracket, ensuring that the rigid test rod extends vertically downward, the rigid test rod is placed in the test rod sheath, and the rigid test rod is integrally sleeved with a plastic protective sheath, the sensing end is bonded to the outside, and the sensing end is fixed at the first vertical deformation measuring point of the dam model; Continue to construct and compact the shaking table model, and fill the soil layer by layer until deformation test devices are installed at all vertical deformation measurement points; and make the material density at the sensing end close to the density of the soil in the model box; When performing a deformation test in the horizontal direction, the test device is installed on the horizontal deformation measuring point, and the end of the rigid test rod of the displacement sensor is connected to the sensing end through a flexible lead; According to the test requirements, several horizontal deformation measuring points are located inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope, and several horizontal deformation measuring points are vertically distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope; During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first horizontal deformation measuring point is reached, a deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor of the deformation test device is placed on the axis of the dam, ensuring that the rigid test rod is horizontal, the rigid test rod is placed in the test rod sheath, a flexible lead is connected to the outer end of the rigid test rod, and the rigid test rod and the flexible lead are covered with a tubular plastic protective sheath as a whole, the sensing end is bonded to the outer side of the flexible lead, and the sensing end is fixed at the horizontal measuring point position of the earth-rock dam shaking table model; Continue to compact the model on the vibration table and fill the soil layer by layer until deformation test devices are installed on all horizontal deformation measurement points and the material density at the sensing end is close to the density of the soil in the model box; The plastic protective cover extends from the displacement sensor to the sensing end; The connection between the rigid test rod and the sensor body is covered with a test rod sheath, and the test rod and the sheath are covered with a plastic protective cover; the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition device through a signal output line, and the data acquisition device is connected to the data processing device through a signal output line.

2. The large-scale shaking table model test device for earth-rock dam body dynamic deformation test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the test rod sheath is shorter than the length of the rigid test rod.

3. A method for testing the horizontal dynamic deformation of an earth-rock dam using the large-scale shaking table model test device for earth-rock dam body dynamic deformation according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Build the earth-rock dam shaking table model box and foundation for horizontal dynamic test; S2: According to the test requirements, several horizontal deformation measuring points are located inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope. Several horizontal deformation measuring points are distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the surface of the dam slope; S3: During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first horizontal deformation measuring point is reached, a deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor of the deformation test device is placed on the dam axis, ensuring that the rigid test rod is horizontal, the rigid test rod is placed in the test rod sheath, a flexible lead is connected to the outer end of the rigid test rod, and the rigid test rod and the flexible lead are covered with a tubular plastic protective sheath as a whole, the sensing end is bonded to the outer side of the flexible lead, and the sensing end is fixed at the horizontal measuring point position of the earth-rock dam shaking table model; S4: Continue to compact the vibration table model, repeat step S3, and fill the soil layer by layer until deformation test devices are installed on all horizontal deformation measurement points; and make the material density at the sensing end close to the density of the filling soil in the model box; S5: The signal output line of each deformation test device is connected to the data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device is connected to the data processing device; during the vibration process, the sensing end pulls the rigid test rod through the flexible lead to move relative to the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor collects deformation data and inputs it into the data acquisition device, and the data processing device performs real-time data processing and analysis and displacement image display.

4. A method for testing the vertical dynamic deformation of an earth-rock dam using the large-scale shaking table model test device for earth-rock dam body dynamic deformation according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A1: Build a model box and weld a horizontal steel bracket on the top of the model box. The steel bracket and the model box form a rigid whole without relative movement. A2: According to the test requirements, several vertical deformation measurement points are selected inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top. Several vertical deformation measurement points are distributed inside the shaking table model of the earth-rock dam or on the dam top; A3: During the construction and compaction of the earth-rock dam shaking table model, when the elevation of the first vertical deformation measurement point is reached, a deformation test device is installed, and the displacement sensor of the deformation test device is fixed on a steel bracket, ensuring that the rigid test rod extends vertically downward, the rigid test rod is placed in the test rod sheath, and the rigid test rod is covered with a tubular plastic protective cover, the sensing end is bonded to the outside, and the sensing end is fixed at the first vertical deformation measurement point of the dam model; A4: Continue to construct and compact the shaking table model, repeat step A3, and fill the soil layer by layer until deformation test devices are installed on all vertical deformation measurement points; and make the material density at the sensing end close to the density of the filling soil in the model box; A5: Connect the signal output lines of several deformation test devices to the data acquisition device, and connect the data acquisition device to the data processing device; during the vibration process, the sensing end pulls the rigid test rod to move relative to the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor collects deformation data and inputs it into the data acquisition device, and the data processing device performs real-time data processing and analysis and displacement image display.

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