A device and method for inhibiting boilover spatter of heavy oil combustion

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for inhibiting boiling overflow and splashing of heavy oil combustion, which mainly comprises a cold source ice-making system, a heat source ice-melting system, an ice-making pipeline, a measuring system and a control system. The cold source ice-making system mainly provides low-temperature medium to the ice-making pipeline system inside the storage tank to realize ice formation around the pipeline system in the storage tank; the heat source ice-melting system provides high-temperature medium to the internal pipeline system after the pipeline system in the storage tank is iced, the ice body of the ice-making pipeline is separated from the pipeline under the action of high temperature, reaches the oil-water interface, and then inhibits the boiling overflow of the water cushion; the lower part of the ice-making pipeline system is made of heat insulation material, and the upper part is made of material with excellent heat conduction performance, so that the ice body on the upper surface of the pipeline is generated and falls off; the measuring system records the temperature changes of the cold source, the heat source and the pipeline around, and is used for reflecting the ice-making efficiency; and the control system controls other systems to realize intelligent operation of the whole system. The device can inhibit boiling overflow and splashing, and avoid expansion of the storage tank fire accident.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of storage tank fire extinguishing technology, specifically a device and method for suppressing boiling over and splashing of heavy oil during combustion. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the petrochemical industry, the demand for heavy oil storage, as an important energy source and chemical raw material, is increasing, leading to a continuous increase in the number of large heavy oil storage tanks. During storage, the saturated water inside the oil gradually separates from the oil, forming a water cushion layer at the bottom of the tank. Tank fires occur frequently. After a fire breaks out, the flames continuously heat the upper surface oil layer, causing the lighter components to evaporate and the heavier components to sink, carrying a large amount of heat and forming a heat wave. As combustion continues, the heat wave continuously acts on the oil-water interface, causing the water cushion layer at the interface to reach its boiling point and form a large amount of steam. The steam ejects the oil, causing boilover and splashing, resulting in significant casualties. For example, on May 31, 2021, a tank fire occurred in a chemical industrial park in Cangzhou City. The fire started on the top of a heavy oil storage tank, and the heat wave quickly transmitted downwards to the water cushion layer, causing boilover and splashing, which triggered flash explosions and fires in surrounding tanks, creating a chain reaction and causing even more serious consequences.

[0003] Systematic research revealed the following devices currently available for detecting and simulating boiling over and splashing in oil storage tank fires: "Sonar-based Early Warning Technology for Boiling Over and Splashing in Oil Storage Tank Fires" (authorized public account: CN113160515B). This device deploys sonar sensors on both sides of the oil-water interface, using sonar probes to detect air bubbles within the oil to determine the likelihood of boiling over and splashing, thus providing early warning. Another device, "A Simulation Experimental System for Boiling Over Disaster in Crude Oil Fires and a Consequence Assessment Method" (authorized public account: CN117995049A), simulates boiling over fires with varying oil layer and water cushion thicknesses, and assesses parameters such as internal oil temperature changes, flame behavior, mass loss, and radiation intensity. Data collection was conducted to analyze the characteristics of boilover fires and assess the consequences of boilover disasters. The study, titled "An Experimental Device for Studying the Boiling and Splashing Characteristics of Oil Tanks" (authorized public account: CN115655412A), uses electric grid heating to simulate the heat transfer from a real combustion flame to the liquid surface, inducing boilover and splashing phenomena. The trajectory of the splashed oil droplets is measured to study the laws governing oil boiling and splashing. The survey revealed significant progress in simulating and detecting boiling and splashing during storage tank combustion. However, research on devices to suppress boiling and splashing during storage tank combustion is relatively limited. Relevant devices include: "A Device for Preventing Boiling and Splashing Phenomena in Crude Oil Storage Tanks Due to Combustion" (authorized announcement number: CN 203997625U), which uses a microbead releaser inside the storage tank.

[0004] After a storage tank fire, hollow insulating ceramic microspheres are released to the oil-water interface to block heat transfer between oil and water, slow down the water at the oil-water interface from reaching its boiling point, and prevent boiling over and splashing from the storage tank fire. The device, "Anti-boiling-over control device for crude oil storage tanks" (authorization announcement number: CN 109896185B), removes the water cushion layer in time after a storage tank fire to prevent the water cushion layer from boiling over and splashing due to heat. However, after a fire, draining water or draining oil will cause unstable combustion.

[0005] Analysis of existing technologies reveals that current devices primarily suppress boiling over and splashing during tank combustion by releasing insulating materials to block the downward transmission of heat waves and by promptly removing water cushion layers. However, they lack continuous cooling of the oil and water layers, making it impossible to completely block the downward transmission of heat waves. Furthermore, existing equipment reduces the risk of boiling over and splashing by draining water, which lowers the oil level in the tank, alters the flame combustion behavior, and creates more complex fire scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a device for suppressing boilover splashing during heavy oil combustion. The device introduces a cold source medium into an ice-making pipeline through a cold source ice-making system. The medium is rapidly cooled by the water cushion layer on the pipe wall, forming an ice layer of a certain thickness on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline. The ice layer on the ice-making pipeline is then melted by a heat source ice-melting system, causing it to detach and float to the oil-water interface. This cooling of the oil and water layers and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves achieves the purpose of suppressing boilover splashing.

[0007] The present invention also aims to provide a method for using a device to suppress boiling overflow and splashing during heavy oil combustion.

[0008] An apparatus for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a cold source ice-making system, a heat source ice-melting system, an ice-making pipeline, an venting system, a measurement system, and a control system. The cold source ice-making system includes a cold source supply device, a cold source power device, and a cold source flow meter. The cold source supply device is used to store or prepare a cold source medium; the cold source power device provides power for transporting the cold source medium; the cold source flow meter is used to regulate the flow rate of the supplied cold source medium; the cold source ice-making system provides a certain flow rate of cold source medium to the ice-making pipeline through the cold source supply device, the cold source power device, and the cold source flow meter.

[0009] Optionally, the cold source supply device can prepare or store a cold source medium, which can be cryogenic liquid nitrogen or a refrigerant.

[0010] Optionally, the cold source power unit may be a liquid flow pump, used to provide power for the transport of cryogenic media.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion includes a heat source de-icing system comprising a heat source supply device, a heat source power device, a heat source flow meter, and a vibration simulation device. The heat source supply device is used to store or prepare a heat source medium. The heat source power device provides power for transporting the heat source medium. The heat source flow meter is used to adjust the flow rate of the supplied heat source medium. The vibration simulation device is installed on the ice-making pipeline to vibrate the pipeline, causing ice layers around the pipeline to detach. The heat source de-icing system provides a certain flow rate of heat source medium to the ice-making pipeline through the heat source supply device, the heat source power device, the heat source flow meter, and the vibration simulation device, and vibrates the ice-making pipeline.

[0012] Optionally, the heat source supply device can prepare or store a heat source medium, which can be a high-temperature liquid or a high-temperature gas.

[0013] Optionally, the heat source power device may be a liquid flow pump, used to provide power for the transport of the heat source medium.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion includes an ice-making pipeline installed at the bottom of a storage tank, in direct contact with a water cushion layer. The ice-making pipeline mainly cools the water around the pipeline through a cold source medium, causing ice to form around the pipeline. After a certain period of time, a high-temperature medium is introduced into the ice-making pipeline to raise the pipeline temperature, causing the ice layer to fall off. Since the density of ice is less than that of water but greater than that of oil, it floats to the oil-water interface, thereby cooling the oil-water interface and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves to prevent boiling over and splashing.

[0015] Advantageously, the ice-making pipeline should have a polygonal cross-section, with the upper side of the cross-section made of a material with good thermal conductivity, which can quickly transfer the energy of the cold source medium and the heat source medium to the surface of the ice-making pipeline for heat exchange, making the ice-making and melting speed faster and achieving the purpose of timely suppressing the boiling and splashing of the storage tank; the lower side is made of a heat-insulating material to reduce heat loss.

[0016] Advantageously, the ice-making pipeline is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the storage tank, and its arrangement is as uniform as possible to cover the entire bottom of the storage tank, thereby increasing the contact area between the ice-making pipeline and the water cushion layer at the bottom of the storage tank.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion includes a venting system for venting the heat source or cold source medium in the ice-making pipeline to avoid direct contact, energy loss, and pipeline rupture risk. The apparatus mainly includes a negative pressure venting device, a gas flow meter, and a venting valve. The negative pressure venting device is installed outside the storage tank and connected to the end of the ice-making pipeline, creating a negative pressure in the pipeline to discharge the cold or heat source medium. The venting flow meter and venting valve are both installed at the end of the ice-making pipeline and are used to adjust the venting flow rate and the opening or closing of the pipeline.

[0018] Optionally, the negative pressure venting device is a negative pressure pump, which discharges the cold or hot source medium in the pipeline.

[0019] Advantageously, the venting system should be turned on after the heat source or cold source medium is introduced, so as to avoid direct contact between the heat source and the cold source medium.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for suppressing boiling overflow and splashing of heavy oil combustion includes a measurement system that mainly includes a temperature measuring device and a data acquisition device. The temperature measuring device is used to measure the outlet temperature of the cold source supply device, the outlet temperature of the heat source supply device, and the temperature of the ice-making pipeline. The data acquisition device is used to record the temperature information of the temperature measuring device and the flow information of each flow meter.

[0021] Optionally, the temperature measuring device may be a patch thermocouple, and the number arranged on the ice-making pipeline is determined according to the length of the pipeline.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion includes a control system that controls the storage or preparation of the cold source medium in the cold source supply device and controls the flow rate of the cold source medium into the ice-making pipeline, thereby cooling the water cushion layer at the bottom of the storage tank and controlling the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the ice-making pipeline; the control system also controls the storage or preparation of the heat source medium in the heat source melting system, controls the flow rate of the heat source medium into the ice-making pipeline, and controls the opening or closing of the vibration simulation device, thereby controlling the ice layer on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline to detach, causing the ice layer to float to the oil-water interface, cooling the oil and water layers, and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves; the control system is also used to control the operation of the venting system, thereby controlling the discharge of the cold and heat source media in the ice-making pipeline; and the control system is used to acquire the temperature and flow rate information of the acquisition device of the measurement system.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a device to suppress boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion comprises the following steps: After a fire occurs, the control system controls the cold source supply device and the heat source supply device to start, thereby preparing or storing the cold and heat source media; the control system controls the opening of the cold source power unit and the cold source flow meter of the cold source ice-making system, so that the cold source media is pumped into the ice-making pipeline, and simultaneously controls the opening of the vent valve, so that the ice-making pipeline and the water cushion layer are rapidly cooled, and an ice layer of a certain thickness is formed on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline; the control system controls the closing of the cold source power unit and the cold source flow meter of the cold source ice-making system, and opens... The negative pressure venting device of the venting system discharges the remaining medium in the pipe; after the ice-making pipeline stops discharging liquid medium, the control system controls the negative pressure venting device to close; the control system controls the heat source power unit, the heat source flow meter and the vibration simulation device of the heat source melting ice system to turn on, pump the heat source medium into the ice-making pipeline and vibrate the ice-making pipeline, so that the ice layer on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline melts and falls off, and floats to the oil-water interface, thereby cooling the oil-water interface, blocking the downward transmission of heat waves and suppressing the combustion boiling and splashing of the storage tank; repeating the above steps, the continuous suppression of combustion boiling and splashing of the storage tank is achieved.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for suppressing boiling overflow and splashing during heavy oil combustion, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ice-making pipeline of an ice-making device for suppressing boiling and splashing during heavy oil combustion, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] A device 1000 for suppressing boiling overflow and splashing during heavy oil combustion.

[0029] Cold source ice making system 100

[0030] Cold source supply device 110, cold source power device 120, cold source flow meter 130,

[0031] Heat source ice melting system 200

[0032] Heat source supply device 210, heat source power device 220, heat source flow meter 230, vibration simulation device 240.

[0033] Ice making pipeline 300

[0034] Ice-covered side 310, Insulation side 320

[0035] 400 venting system

[0036] Negative pressure venting device 410, venting valve 420, venting flow meter 430,

[0037] Measurement System 500

[0038] Temperature measuring device 510, data acquisition device 520

[0039] Control System 600 Detailed Implementation

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an embodiment of the present invention for suppressing boiling overspray during heavy oil combustion.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, an apparatus 1000 for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a cold source ice-making system 100, a heat source ice-melting system 200, an ice-making pipeline 300, an venting system 400, a measurement system 500, and a control system 600. The cold source ice-making system 100 includes a cold source supply device 110, a cold source power device 120, and a cold source flow meter 130. The cold source supply device 110 is used to store or prepare a cold source medium; the cold source power device 120 provides power for the transport of the cold source medium; the cold source flow meter 130 is used to regulate the flow rate of the cold source medium supplied; the cold source ice-making system 100 provides a certain flow rate of cold source medium to the ice-making pipeline 300 through the cold source supply device 110, the cold source power device 120, and the cold source flow meter 130.

[0044] Optionally, the cold source supply device 110 can prepare or store a cold source medium, which can be cryogenic liquid nitrogen or a refrigerant.

[0045] Optionally, the cold source power unit 120 can be a liquid flow pump used to provide power for the transport of cryogenic media.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a device 1000 for suppressing boiling over and splashing of heavy oil combustion includes a heat source ice-melting system 200, comprising a heat source supply device 210, a heat source power device 220, a heat source flow meter 230, and a vibration simulation device 240. The heat source supply device 210 is used to store or prepare a heat source medium; the heat source power device 220 provides power for the transport of the heat source medium; the heat source flow meter 230 is used to adjust the flow rate of the supplied heat source medium; the vibration simulation device 240 is installed on the ice-making pipeline 300 and is used to vibrate the pipeline to cause the ice layer around the pipeline to fall off; the heat source ice-melting system 200 provides a certain flow rate of heat source medium to the ice-making pipeline 300 through the heat source supply device 210, the heat source power device 220, the heat source flow meter 230, and the vibration simulation device 240, and vibrates the ice-making pipeline 300.

[0047] Optionally, the heat source supply device 210 can prepare or store a heat source medium, which can be a high-temperature liquid or a high-temperature gas.

[0048] Optionally, the heat source power unit 220 may be a liquid flow pump used to provide power for the transport of the heat source medium.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus 1000 for suppressing boiling over and splashing of heavy oil combustion includes an ice-making pipeline 300 installed at the bottom of a storage tank, in direct contact with a water cushion layer. One end of the pipeline is connected to an external cold source ice-making system 100 and a heat source ice-melting system 200, while the other end is connected to the outside of the storage tank. After a cold source medium is introduced into the pipeline, the water around the pipeline is cooled through the pipeline wall, and ice forms around the pipeline. After a certain period of time, a high-temperature medium is introduced into the ice-making pipeline 300 to raise the pipeline temperature, causing the ice layer to fall off. Since the density of ice is less than that of water but greater than that of oil, it floats to the oil-water interface, thereby cooling the oil-water interface and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves to prevent boiling over and splashing.

[0050] In specific embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the ice-making pipeline 300 should have a polygonal cross-section. The upper ice-covered side 310 of the cross-section is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, which can quickly transfer the energy of the cold source medium and the heat source medium to the surface of the ice-making pipeline for heat exchange, so that the ice-making and melting speed is faster, and the purpose of timely suppressing the boiling and splashing of the storage tank is achieved. The lower insulation side 320 is made of insulation material to reduce heat loss.

[0051] Advantageously, the ice-making pipeline 300 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the storage tank, and its arrangement is as uniform as possible to cover the entire bottom of the storage tank, thereby increasing the contact area between the ice-making pipeline 300 and the water cushion layer at the bottom of the storage tank.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a device 1000 for suppressing boiling over and splashing of heavy oil combustion includes a venting system 400 for venting the heat source medium or cold source medium in the ice-making pipeline 300 to avoid direct contact, energy loss, and pipeline rupture risk. The device mainly includes a negative pressure venting device 410, a venting flow meter 430, and a venting valve 420. The negative pressure venting device 410 is installed outside the storage tank and connected to the tail end of the ice-making pipeline 300, creating a negative pressure in the pipeline to discharge the cold or heat source medium from the ice-making pipeline 300. The venting flow meter and the venting valve are both installed at the tail end of the ice-making pipeline 300 and are used to adjust the venting flow rate and the opening or closing of the pipeline.

[0053] Optionally, the negative pressure venting device 410 is a negative pressure pump, which discharges the cold or hot source medium in the pipeline.

[0054] Advantageously, the venting system 400 should be turned on after the heat source or cold source medium is introduced, to avoid direct contact between the heat source and the cold source medium.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a device 1000 for suppressing boiling and splashing of heavy oil combustion, a measurement system 500, mainly includes a temperature measuring device 510 and a data acquisition device 520. The temperature measuring device 510 is used to measure the outlet temperature of the cold source supply device 110, the outlet temperature of the heat source supply device 210 and the temperature of the ice-making pipeline 300. The data acquisition device 520 is used to record the temperature information of the temperature measuring device 510 and the flow information of each flow meter.

[0056] Optionally, the temperature measuring device 510 may be a patch thermocouple, and the number arranged on the ice-making pipeline is determined according to the length of the pipeline.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a device 1000 for suppressing boiling overflow and splashing during heavy oil combustion includes a control system 600 that controls the storage or preparation of the cold source medium in the cold source supply device 110 and controls the flow rate of the cold source medium into the ice-making pipeline 300, thereby cooling the water cushion layer at the bottom of the storage tank and controlling the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the ice-making pipeline 300; the control system 600 also controls the storage or preparation of the heat source medium in the heat source melting system 200, controls the flow rate of the heat source medium into the ice-making pipeline 300, and controls the opening or closing of the vibration simulation device 240, thereby controlling the ice layer on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline 300 to fall off, causing the ice layer to float to the oil-water interface, cooling the oil-water interface, and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves; the control system 600 is also used to control the operation of the venting system 400, thereby controlling the discharge of the cold and heat source medium in the ice-making pipeline 300; and the control system 600 is used to acquire temperature and flow information from the acquisition device 520 of the measurement system 500.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a device for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion comprises the following steps: After a fire occurs, the control system 600 controls the cold source supply device 110 and the heat source supply device 210 to start, thereby preparing or storing the cold and heat source media; the control system 600 controls the opening of the cold source power device 120 and the cold source flow meter 130 of the cold source ice-making system 100, so that the cold source media is transported to the ice-making pipeline 300, and at the same time controls the opening of the vent valve 432, so that the ice-making pipeline 300 and the water cushion layer are rapidly cooled, and an ice layer of a certain thickness is formed on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline 300; the control system 600 controls the closing of the cold source power device 120 and the cold source flow meter 130 of the cold source ice-making system 100. The system 600 activates the negative pressure venting device 410 of the venting system 400 to discharge the remaining medium in the pipe. After the ice-making pipeline 300 stops discharging liquid medium, the control system 600 controls the negative pressure venting device 410 to close. The control system 600 controls the heat source power device 220, heat source flow meter 230, and vibration simulation device 240 of the heat source melting ice system 200 to turn on, input the heat source medium into the ice-making pipeline 300, and vibrate the ice-making pipeline 300 to melt and fall off the ice layer on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline 300, and float to the oil-water interface to achieve cooling and temperature reduction of the oil-water interface, block the downward transmission of heat waves, and suppress the boiling and splashing of the storage tank combustion. The above steps are repeated to achieve continuous suppression of the boiling and splashing of the storage tank combustion.

[0059] The principle of oil boiling and splashing inside the storage tank in the device 1000 for suppressing heavy oil combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] The above-described specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for suppressing boiling over splashing during heavy oil combustion, characterized in that, The device consists of a cold source ice-making system, a heat source ice-melting system, ice-making pipelines, an air venting system, a measurement system, and a control system. The cold source ice-making system includes a cold source supply device, a cold source power device, and a cold source flow meter. The cold source supply device is used to store or prepare a cold source medium; the cold source power device provides power for the transportation of the cold source medium; the cold source flow meter is used to adjust the flow rate of the cold source medium; the cold source ice-making system provides a certain flow rate of cold source medium to the ice-making pipeline through the cold source supply device, the cold source power device, and the cold source flow meter. The heat source ice-melting system includes a heat source supply device, a heat source power device, a heat source flow meter, and a vibration simulation device. The heat source supply device is used to store or prepare the heat source medium. The heat source power device provides power for the transport of the heat source medium. The heat source flow meter is used to adjust the flow rate of the supplied heat source medium. The vibration simulation device is installed in the ice-making pipeline to vibrate the pipeline and cause the ice layer around the pipeline to fall off. The heat source ice-melting system provides a certain flow rate of heat source medium to the ice-making pipeline through the heat source supply device, the heat source power device, the heat source flow meter, and the vibration simulation device, and vibrates the ice-making pipeline. The ice-making pipeline is installed at the bottom of the storage tank, in direct contact with the water cushion layer. One end is connected to the external pipeline of the storage tank, so that the cold source ice-making system and the heat source ice-melting system are connected to the ice-making pipeline. The other end is connected to the outside of the storage tank. A cold source medium is introduced to cool the water around the pipeline and cause ice to form around the pipeline. After a certain period of time, a high-temperature medium is introduced into the ice-making pipeline to raise the pipeline temperature and cause the ice layer to fall off. Since the density of ice is less than that of water but greater than that of oil, it floats to the oil-water interface, thereby cooling the oil-water interface and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves to prevent boiling and splashing. The venting system is used to vent the heat source or cold source medium in the ice-making pipeline to avoid direct contact, which could lead to energy loss and pipeline rupture. It includes a negative pressure venting device, a venting flow meter, and a venting valve. The negative pressure venting device is installed outside the storage tank and connected to the end of the ice-making pipeline, creating a negative pressure in the pipeline to expel the cold or heat source medium. The venting flow meter and venting valve are both installed at the end of the ice-making pipeline and are used to adjust the venting flow rate and to open or close the pipeline. The measurement system includes a temperature measuring device and a data acquisition device. The temperature measuring device is used to measure the outlet temperature of the cold source supply device, the outlet temperature of the heat source supply device, and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the ice-making pipeline. The data acquisition device is used to record the temperature information of the temperature measuring device and the flow information of each flow meter. The control system controls the storage or preparation of the cold source medium in the cold source supply device and controls the flow rate of the cold source medium into the ice-making pipeline, thereby cooling the water cushion layer at the bottom of the storage tank and controlling the ice layer thickness on the surface of the ice-making pipeline; the control system controls the storage or preparation of the heat source medium in the heat source melting system, controls the flow rate of the heat source medium into the ice-making pipeline, and controls the opening or closing of the vibration simulation device, thereby controlling the ice layer on the surface of the ice-making pipeline to fall off, causing the ice layer to float to the oil-water interface, cooling the oil-water interface, and blocking the downward transmission of heat waves; the control system is used to control the operation of the venting system, thereby controlling the discharge of the cold and heat source media in the ice-making pipeline; the control system is also used to acquire the temperature and flow information of the acquisition device of the measurement system.

2. The device for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice-making pipeline has a polygonal cross-section, and the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, which can quickly transfer the energy of the cold source medium and the heat source medium to the surface of the ice-making pipeline for heat exchange, making the ice-making and melting speed faster, and achieving the purpose of timely suppressing the boiling and splashing of the storage tank. The lower surface of the ice-making pipeline is made of heat-insulating material to reduce heat loss.

3. The device for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice-making pipeline is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the storage tank, and its arrangement is as uniform as possible to cover the entire bottom of the storage tank, thereby increasing the contact area between the ice-making pipeline and the water cushion layer at the bottom of the storage tank.

4. The device for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The venting system is activated after the cold or hot source medium has been introduced, to drain the remaining medium in the ice-making pipeline, thus preventing direct contact between the hot and cold source medium and avoiding pipeline rupture and other dangers.

5. A method of using a device for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion, for use with a device for suppressing boiling over and splashing during heavy oil combustion as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: After a fire occurs, the control system controls the cold source supply device and the heat source supply device to start, so as to realize the preparation or storage of cold and heat source media. Step S2: The control system controls the opening of the cold source power unit and the cold source flow meter of the cold source ice-making system, so that the cold source medium is transported to the ice-making pipeline. At the same time, it controls the opening of the vent valve, so that the ice-making pipeline and the water cushion layer are cooled down quickly, and an ice layer of a certain thickness is formed on the upper surface of the ice-making pipeline. Step S3: The control system controls the cold source power unit and cold source flow meter of the cold source ice-making system to shut down, and opens the negative pressure venting device of the venting system to discharge the remaining medium in the pipe; Step S4: After the ice-making pipeline stops discharging liquid medium, the control system controls the negative pressure venting device to shut down; Step S5: The control system controls the heat source power unit, the heat source flow meter and the vibration simulation device of the heat source ice melting system to turn on, pump the heat source medium into the ice making pipeline, and vibrate the ice making pipeline to melt and fall off the ice layer on the upper surface of the ice making pipeline and float to the oil-water interface, thereby cooling the oil-water interface, blocking the downward transmission of heat waves, and suppressing the combustion boiling and splashing of the storage tank. Step S6: Repeat steps S1 to S5 to achieve continuous suppression of combustion boilover and splashing in the storage tank.

Images