A protective measure for underground structures against explosion and ground impact

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground structure protection engineering, and in particular relates to a protective measure for underground structures against explosion impact, comprising an underground structure; a buried protective layer, the buried protective layer being arranged on one side of the underground structure, with a gap left between the buried protective layer and the underground structure; a surface bullet-proof layer, the surface bullet-proof layer being arranged above the underground structure and the buried protective layer, with a gap left between the surface bullet-proof layer and the top of the underground structure and the top of the buried protective layer. The present invention can reduce the response and damage of underground structures and improve the safety of personnel and equipment inside underground structures. When the buried protective layer is damaged by the impact of an explosion, it can be re-laid and backfilled with earth by excavating trenches to achieve the replaceability of the buried protective layer. The present invention has a simple structure, convenient construction, and low cost. It can effectively reduce the damage to underground structures under the impact load of an explosion and has strong economic and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground structure protection engineering, and in particular relates to an anti-explosion impact protection measure for underground structures. Background Art

[0002] As key military targets move underground, earth-penetrating weapons have rapidly developed, offering increased precision, penetration, and destructive power, posing a serious threat to the safety of personnel and equipment in underground structures. While underground structures offer greater concealment, underground explosions couple much of the blast energy into the soil, creating a greater force than aerial or surface explosions. The blast load lasts longer, potentially causing irreparable damage to underground structures.

[0003] Currently, traditional underground structures primarily utilize thicker, heavier components to improve their resistance to blast shocks, such as increased concrete strength, increased reinforcement ratios, and larger structural dimensions. While these traditional protection methods can mitigate damage to underground structures from blast shock loads to a certain extent, they significantly increase construction costs. Furthermore, these methods are only suitable for new construction and are ineffective against existing structures. If an underground structure collapses due to blast shock loads, it will cause significant casualties and have a devastating social impact.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of protection measure of underground structure against explosion and impact to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-explosion impact protection measure for underground structures to block the spread of explosion impact and reduce the load transmitted to the underground structure, thereby solving the technical problem that underground structures are seriously damaged under explosion impact load.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a protective measure against explosion and impact of underground structures, comprising:

[0007] underground structures;

[0008] A buried protective layer, the buried protective layer being arranged on one side of the underground structure, with a distance between the buried protective layer and the underground structure;

[0009] A surface bullet-proof layer is provided above the underground structure and the buried protective layer, with a distance between the surface bullet-proof layer and the top of the underground structure and the top of the buried protective layer.

[0010] Preferably, the buried protective layer includes a plurality of single cell layers and a plurality of partition layers, the plurality of single cell layers and the plurality of partition layers are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the top and bottom ends of the buried protective layer are both the partition layers.

[0011] Preferably, the unit cell layer includes a plurality of concrete unit cells, and the plurality of concrete unit cells are arranged in an array in a horizontal direction.

[0012] Preferably, the concrete unit cell is a prefabricated hexagonal honeycomb concrete unit cell.

[0013] Preferably, the partition layer includes a plurality of concrete slabs, the plurality of concrete slabs are arranged in an array in a horizontal direction, and the concrete cells are stacked and spliced ​​with the concrete slabs.

[0014] Preferably, the concrete slab is a prefabricated interlayer concrete slab.

[0015] Preferably, the underground structure is cast by reinforced concrete, and the surface bullet-proof layer is cast by concrete.

[0016] Preferably, the concrete unit cell material is one of C10 concrete or C15 concrete.

[0017] Preferably, the concrete slab is made of C30 concrete.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0019] 1. The buried protective layer of the present invention can effectively block the spread of explosive shock and has excellent anti-explosion shock capability. It has a simple structure and is easy to construct. It can be prefabricated in the factory, transported and installed on site, and is suitable for actual projects in the field of civil engineering.

[0020] 2. The present invention can achieve different protective effects by changing the various parameters of the buried protective layer. The structure of the buried protective layer can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual conditions of different projects to maximize the protection effect of underground structures against ground impact.

[0021] 3. If the buried protective layer of the present invention is severely damaged after being impacted by an explosion, the damaged part can be partially or completely replaced by directly excavating a trench. Compared with directly repairing or even rebuilding the underground structure, the economic cost and time cost are significantly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the buried protective layer of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the separator layer structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the single cell layer structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the concrete unit cell structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the concrete slab structure of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1. underground structure; 2. surface bullet-proof layer; 31. concrete unit cell; 32. concrete slab; 41. external impact load source; 42. internal impact load source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides an anti-explosion impact protection measure for underground structures, including

[0033] underground structure 1;

[0034] The buried protective layer is arranged on one side of the underground structure 1, and a distance is left between the buried protective layer and the underground structure 1;

[0035] The surface bullet-proof layer 2 is arranged above the underground structure 1 and the buried protective layer, and a distance is left between the surface bullet-proof layer 2 and the top of the underground structure 1 and the top of the buried protective layer.

[0036] The buried protective layer can be used to isolate and block the external impact load source 41 and the internal impact load source 42, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the underground structure 1.

[0037] According to the location of the underground structure 1, a trench is excavated at a certain position outside the underground structure 1. The excavation depth is greater than the burial depth of the underground structure 1. After the excavation is completed, the bottom of the trench is leveled.

[0038] According to a further optimization scheme, the buried protective layer includes a plurality of single cell layers and a plurality of partition layers, the plurality of single cell layers and the plurality of partition layers are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the top and the bottom of the buried protective layer are both partition layers.

[0039] According to a further optimized solution, the single cell layer includes a plurality of concrete single cells 31 , and the plurality of concrete single cells 31 are arranged in an array in a horizontal direction.

[0040] According to a further optimized solution, the concrete unit cell 31 is a prefabricated hexagonal honeycomb concrete unit cell.

[0041] According to a further optimized solution, the partition layer includes a plurality of concrete slabs 32 , which are arranged in an array in a horizontal direction, and the concrete cells 31 and the concrete slabs 32 are stacked and spliced.

[0042] The concrete slabs 32 are neatly arranged and tightly laid on the bottom of the trench, and it is ensured that the concrete slabs 32 are laid horizontally.

[0043] According to a further optimized solution, the concrete slab 32 is a prefabricated interlayer concrete slab.

[0044] According to a further optimized solution, the underground structure 1 is cast by reinforced concrete, and the surface bullet-proof layer 2 is cast by concrete.

[0045] According to a further optimization scheme, the material of the concrete unit cell 31 is one of C10 concrete and C15 concrete.

[0046] According to the further optimization scheme, the material of the concrete slab 32 is C30 concrete.

[0047] The concrete unit cell 31 and the concrete slab 32 are prefabricated by casting in a factory.

[0048] After the bottom concrete slab 32 and concrete unit cells 31 are laid respectively, the concrete slab 32 and concrete unit cells 31 are laid closely in the burial depth direction.

[0049] After two to three layers of concrete slabs 32 and concrete cells 31 are laid along the buried depth, earth is slowly backfilled to both sides of the buried protective layer to ensure the stability of the buried protective layer structure, and the backfilled earth is compacted layer by layer.

[0050] When the buried protective layer is laid in multiple layers along the buried depth until it is close to the ground surface, a concrete slab 32 is laid on the top of the buried protective layer to complete the laying of the buried protective layer.

[0051] After the buried protective layer is laid, the ground surface is leveled.

[0052] By varying the wall thickness and size of the concrete cells 31 in the buried protective layer, the concrete strength grade, and the density gradient of the interlayer arrangement, the protective effectiveness of the buried protective layer can be effectively controlled. When the wall thickness of the concrete cells 31 in the buried protective layer is reduced, the buried protective layer's effectiveness in blocking the propagation of explosive shock is enhanced, and its ability to resist explosive shock is improved. When the size of the concrete cells 31 in the buried protective layer is increased, its ability to resist explosive shock is improved. When the concrete strength of the concrete cells 31 in the buried protective layer is reduced, the barrier effect against the propagation of explosive shock is better, and its protective capability is improved. Furthermore, when the concrete cells 31 in the buried protective layer are arranged with a positive density gradient from the inside to the outside, its ability to resist explosive shock is improved.

[0053] During the laying process, the wall thickness and size of the concrete unit cells 31, the concrete strength grade, and the density gradient between the layers from the inside to the outside can be selected according to the actual project needs to achieve different protection effects against explosive ground impact. Furthermore, depending on the location and safety requirements of the underground structure 1, the buried protective layer can be laid around the underground structure 1, and the distance between the buried protective layer and the underground structure 1 can be appropriately adjusted to achieve all-round protection for the underground structure 1. The structure of the buried protective layer can be adjusted to suit different project needs to maximize its effectiveness in protecting against explosive ground impact.

[0054] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0055] When a bunker bomb explodes after penetrating a certain depth into the ground, it couples most of the explosive energy into the soil, generating a strong ground-shock load. If the bunker bomb penetrates the soil outside the buried protective layer and explodes, the load will directly act on the buried protective layer at a certain distance from the outside of the underground structure 1, along the propagation direction of the ground shock. Because the buried protective layer is constructed by splicing and stacking porous solid flexible components, the internal pores will significantly shatter when subjected to a load exceeding their crushing load, thereby reducing the ground-shock load to a certain extent. When the bunker bomb explodes inside the buried protective layer, the presence of air inside can reduce the amplitude of the ground-shock load transmitted to the soil. Therefore, regardless of whether the explosion source is located outside or inside the buried protective layer, the buried protective layer can effectively block the propagation of the ground-shock load, controlling the load transmitted to the underground structure 1 within a certain range. This reduces the ground-shock load acting on the underground structure 1, effectively alleviating the response and damage to the underground structure 1, and improving the safety of personnel and equipment within the underground structure 1.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0057] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measure for protecting underground structures from explosions and ground impacts, characterized in that: include underground structures (1); A buried protective layer, the buried protective layer being arranged on a lateral side of the underground structure (1), with a distance being left between the buried protective layer and the underground structure (1); A surface bullet-proof layer (2), the surface bullet-proof layer (2) being arranged above the underground structure (1) and the buried protective layer, with a distance between the surface bullet-proof layer (2) and the top of the underground structure (1) and the top of the buried protective layer; The buried protective layer includes a plurality of single cell layers and a plurality of partition layers, wherein the plurality of single cell layers and the plurality of partition layers are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the top and bottom ends of the buried protective layer are both the partition layers; The single cell layer includes a plurality of concrete single cells (31), and the plurality of concrete single cells (31) are arranged in an array in a horizontal direction; The concrete unit cell (31) is a prefabricated hexagonal honeycomb concrete unit cell; The partition layer comprises a plurality of concrete slabs (32), the plurality of concrete slabs (32) are arranged in an array in a horizontal direction, and the concrete cells (31) are stacked and spliced ​​with the concrete slabs (32).

2. The underground structure anti-explosion impact protection measure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete slab (32) is a prefabricated interlayer concrete slab.

3. The underground structure anti-explosion impact protection measure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground structure (1) is cast by reinforced concrete, and the surface bullet-proof layer (2) is cast by concrete.

4. The underground structure anti-explosion impact protection measure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete unit cell (31) is made of C10 concrete or C15 concrete.

5. The underground structure anti-explosion impact protection measure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete slab (32) is made of C30 concrete.

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