Deck recessed weather tight shield fire resistant hatch cover and method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a deck-buried weatherproof shielding fireproof hatch cover, which comprises a deck, a hatch ring wall, a hatch cover plate and a locking device; the surrounding range of the hatch ring wall is a hatch; the hatch cover plate is horizontal to the deck and is sealed on the upper side of the hatch ring wall; the locking device locks the hatch cover plate on the hatch ring wall; a sunken groove is arranged on the deck, a spring hinge is arranged in the sunken groove, one end of the hatch cover plate is connected with the spring hinge through a swing arm, and the hatch cover plate swings around the spring hinge with the swing arm under the unlocking of the locking device; and the fireproof and sealing performance can be obviously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of deck hatch covers. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the shielding hatch cover generally used on the deck of a ship is a common steel shielding hatch cover, which is heavy in weight and very laborious to open and close manually. Meanwhile, it does not meet the requirements of fireproofing, poison-proofing, weather-tightness and other performance requirements at the same time. In addition, the sealing element of the hatch cover on the deck is generally a rubber sealing element, which is easy to be damaged due to high temperature when the deck catches fire, thereby affecting the sealing performance of the hatch cover. The dense smoke of the fire can enter the cabin through the gap of the damaged sealing element, thereby causing greater risk. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a deck-embedded weather-tight shielding fireproof hatch cover, which can significantly improve the fireproofing and sealing performance.

[0004] Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the deck-embedded weather-tight shielding fireproof hatch cover of the present application comprises a deck, a hatch ring wall, a hatch cover plate and a locking device. The enclosed range of the hatch ring wall is a hatch. The hatch cover plate is flat with the deck, and the hatch cover plate is sealed on the upper side of the hatch ring wall. The locking device locks the hatch cover plate on the hatch ring wall. A sunken groove is provided on the deck, and a spring hinge is installed in the sunken groove. One end of the hatch cover plate is connected to the spring hinge through a swing arm. When the locking device is unlocked, the hatch cover plate swings around the spring hinge with the swing arm.

[0005] Further, the torsional spring on the spring hinge exerts a torque on the swing arm, which has an upward swinging trend.

[0006] Further, the lower side of the hatch cover plate is fixedly provided with a heat insulation layer and a fireproof layer, respectively.

[0007] Further, the upper end of the hatch ring wall is fixedly provided with a circle of lower sealing ring seats along the contour. The lower side of the contour edge of the hatch cover plate is fixedly provided with a circle of upper sealing ring seats. The upper side of the upper sealing ring seat is integrally provided with a first circle of inner and outer distributed sealing shielding strips and a second circle of sealing shielding strips along the contour.

[0008] The upper side of the lower sealing ring seat is integrally provided with a third circle of sealing shielding strips. The lower end of the second circle of sealing shielding strips is in sealing cooperation with the upper surface of the lower sealing ring seat. The lower end of the first circle of sealing shielding strips is in contour sealing pressing cooperation with the upper end of the third circle of sealing shielding strips.

[0009] Further, the first circle of sealing shielding strips and the second circle of sealing shielding strips are both made of elastic rubber material, and the elastic rubber material is uniformly mixed with metal or carbon black conductive particles.

[0010] Optionally, the third circle sealing shield strip is a solid rubber structure.

[0011] Optionally, the third circle sealing shield strip is composed of a closed loop groove-shaped metal wall and an elastic sealing wall, the elastic sealing wall is arranged on the upper side of the groove-shaped metal wall along the contour, so that a closed loop oil pressure chamber extending along the contour is formed inside the third circle sealing shield strip; in the state that the hatch cover plate is closed and locked, the lower end of the first circle sealing shield strip is sealed and pressed upwardly along the contour to the elastic sealing wall, so that the elastic sealing wall is concave downwardly, and under the action of the oil pressure in the closed loop oil pressure chamber, the concave elastic sealing wall has a tendency to reset upwardly, so that the lower end of the first circle sealing shield strip is tightly and sealingly attached to the elastic sealing wall.

[0012] Further, the lower sides of the two ends of the closed loop oil pressure chamber are respectively communicated with the first liquid guide pipe and the second liquid guide pipe.

[0013] Further, the lower sides of the two ends of the closed loop oil pressure chamber are respectively communicated with the first liquid guide pipe and the second liquid guide pipe.

[0014] The a communication pipe is communicated with the first liquid guide pipe through the normally open a electromagnetic valve, and the b communication pipe is communicated with one end of the liquid pumping pipe, the other end of the liquid pumping pipe is communicated below the liquid level of the water area where the ship body is located; the liquid pumping pipe is serially connected with the normally closed b electromagnetic valve; the second liquid guide pipe is communicated with one end of the overheated liquid discharge pipe, the other end of the overheated liquid discharge pipe is communicated with one end of the normally closed c electromagnetic valve, the other end of the c electromagnetic valve is communicated with the inlet end of the pressure relief valve, and the outlet end of the pressure relief valve is communicated with the atmospheric pressure.

[0015] Further, the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve is consistent with the pressure in the floating hydraulic oil chamber under normal conditions.

[0016] Further, a working method of the deck-buried weather-tight shield fireproof hatch cover, characterized in that: under normal conditions, the b electromagnetic valve and the c electromagnetic valve are closed; the a electromagnetic valve is open.

[0017] Before the hatch cover plate is closed, the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic device is retracted upward, so that the steel wire is taut, and the upward pulling force of the steel wire is greater than the downward pushing force of the pressure control spring; when the hatch cover plate is closed, the lower end of the first sealing shielding strip is buckled with the concave elastic sealing wall along the contour;

[0018] When the hatch cover plate has been sealed and closed on the upper side of the hatch ring wall, and the locking device is locked, the following state is automatically entered, and the following state is the normal state:

[0019] The telescopic rod of the electric telescopic device is extended downward, so that the steel wire changes from the taut state to the relaxed curved state;

[0020] When a fire occurs on the deck, the following operations are automatically performed on the basis of the normal state:

[0021] Step one, control the a electromagnetic valve to be closed, control the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic device to be retracted upward, so that the steel wire is taut, and the upward pulling force of the steel wire is greater than the downward pushing force of the pressure control spring, and at the same time, the b electromagnetic valve is opened;

[0022] Step two, control the b electromagnetic valve to be closed, control the a electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the c electromagnetic valve is opened, and at the same time, control the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic device to be extended downward, so that the steel wire changes from the taut state to the relaxed curved state;

[0023] The process of “step one” to “step two” is periodically and continuously cycled.

[0024] Beneficial effects: the hatch cover plate meets various performance requirements such as fire prevention, poison prevention, weather tightness and the like; and the spring hinge is adopted, so that the convenience of opening the cover is also optimized;

[0025] In the “second embodiment” of the present scheme, through negative pressure control, the sealing cooperation of the first sealing shielding strip and the third sealing shielding strip will not form resistance to the closing action of the shielding hatch cover in the closing stage, so that the smoothness of the closing action is improved;

[0026] In the normal state, a stable positive pressure is formed in the closed loop oil pressure chamber, and under the action of the positive oil pressure in the closed loop oil pressure chamber, the concave elastic sealing wall has a tendency to reset and deform upward, so that the lower end of the first sealing shielding strip is tightly and sealingly attached to the elastic sealing wall;

[0027] In the fire, the closed loop oil pressure chamber continuously flows with the cold liquid water from the water area, so as to continuously take away the heat on the third sealing shielding strip and the first sealing shielding strip which are always tightly and sealingly attached, and then inhibit or eliminate the melting damage of the third sealing shielding strip and the first sealing shielding strip due to the high temperature of the deck fire, and damage the sealing property. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a top view of the device;

[0029] Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 A sectional view;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the first embodiment at mark 8;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the second embodiment at mark 8;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the tight fit between the third and first sealing strips in the second embodiment.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the third sealing strip and the first sealing strip being tightly separated in the second embodiment.

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A sectional view;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a simplified diagram of the piping principle in the second embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] As attached Figures 1 to 8 The illustrated type of deck-embedded weatherproof and fireproof hatch cover includes a deck 1, a hatch wall 11, a hatch cover 5, and a locking device 13. The area enclosed by the hatch wall 11 is the hatch. The steel hatch cover 5 is flush with the deck 1 and seals the hatch cover 5 on the upper side of the hatch wall 11. The locking device 13 locks the hatch cover 5 onto the hatch wall 11. A sinkhole 15 is provided on the deck 1, and a spring hinge 2 is installed in the sinkhole 15. One end of the hatch cover 5 is connected to the spring hinge 2 through a swing arm 3. When the locking device 13 is unlocked, the hatch cover 5 swings freely around the spring hinge 2 with the swing arm 3. The torsion spring on the spring hinge 2 applies an upward swinging torque to the swing arm 3, thereby counteracting the weight of the hatch cover 5. This allows the hatch cover 5 to swing upward more smoothly with the swing arm 3 around the spring hinge 2 during the opening process.

[0038] like Figure 2 The hatch cover 5 is fixedly provided with a heat insulation layer 4 and a fireproof layer 7 on its lower side. The heat insulation layer 4 is ceramic wool; the fireproof layer 7 is magnesium oxide fireproof board.

[0039] The upper end of the hatch ring wall 11 is fixedly provided with a ring of lower sealing ring seats 9 along the contour, and the lower side of the hatch cover plate 5 is fixedly provided with a ring of upper sealing ring seats 26 along the contour, and the lower side of the upper sealing ring seat 26 is integrally provided with a first ring of inner and outer sealing shielding strips 22 and a second ring of sealing shielding strips 25 along the contour; the first ring of sealing shielding strips 22 and the second ring of sealing shielding strips 25 are both made of elastic rubber material, and the elastic rubber material is uniformly mixed with conductive particles such as metal or carbon black, which not only plays a sealing role, but also plays a certain shielding role on electromagnetic waves; the upper side of the lower sealing ring seat 9 is integrally provided with a third ring of sealing shielding strips 23 along the contour.

[0040] In the closed state of the hatch cover plate 5, the lower end of the second ring of sealing shielding strips 25 is in sealing cooperation with the upper surface of the lower sealing ring seat 9; and the lower end of the first ring of sealing shielding strips 22 is in contour sealing abutting cooperation with the upper end of the third ring of sealing shielding strips 23.

[0041] The lower inner wall of the hatch ring wall 11 is circumferentially arrayed with four transverse strip-shaped clamping holes 20, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 The locking device 13 includes a vertical sleeve 73 fixed to the lower side of the central region of the hatch cover plate 5, a rotating shaft 6 coaxially arranged in the sleeve 73, a lock tongue driving disc 14 fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft 6, the lock tongue driving disc 14 synchronously rotating with the rotating shaft 6, and a wheel disc 12 fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 6; the lock tongue driving disc 14 includes four outwardly extending driving antennae 14.1 circumferentially arrayed; the lower side of the hatch cover plate 5 is circumferentially fixed with four vertical hinging shafts 21, and further includes four swing lock tongues 18, each of which corresponds to one of the hinging shafts 21, and the middle part of each swing lock tongue 18 is rotatably hinged to the corresponding hinging shaft 21; each driving antenna 14.1 corresponds to one swing lock tongue 18, and the end of each driving antenna 14.1 is connected to one end of the corresponding swing lock tongue 18 through a connecting rod 17; the other end of each swing lock tongue 18 is a lock tongue end 18.1, which is clamped into the corresponding strip-shaped clamping hole 20, thereby entering a door closing and locking state, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 The locking and unlocking of the locking device 13 can be realized by rotating the wheel disc 12.

[0042] On the basis of the above structure, there are two embodiments as follows:

[0043] The first embodiment is as shown in Figure 3 , the third ring of sealing shielding strips 23 is a solid rubber structure, and the solid rubber structure is uniformly mixed with conductive particles such as metal or carbon black, thereby achieving a shielding effect; in this embodiment, when a fire occurs, the third ring of sealing shielding strips 23 and the first ring of sealing shielding strips 22 are easily damaged due to high temperature.

[0044] The second embodiment is shown in Fig. 2. The third sealing shield 23 is composed of a closed-loop groove-shaped metal wall 61 and an elastic sealing wall 60, which is arranged on the upper side of the groove-shaped metal wall 61 along the contour, so that a closed-loop oil pressure chamber 62 extending along the contour is formed inside the third sealing shield 23. In the state that the hatch cover 5 is closed and locked, the lower end of the first sealing shield 22 is sealed and pressed upward against the elastic sealing wall 60, so that the elastic sealing wall 60 is concave downward. Under the action of the oil pressure in the closed-loop oil pressure chamber 62, the concave elastic sealing wall 60 has a tendency to return upward, so that the lower end of the first sealing shield 22 is tightly and sealingly attached to the elastic sealing wall 60. Figures 4 to 8

[0045] The lower sides of the two ends of the closed-loop oil pressure chamber 62 are respectively connected to the first liquid guide pipe 27 and the second liquid guide pipe 28.

[0046] As shown in Fig. 3, the sealing maintainer 93 is fixedly installed inside the ship body. The sealing maintainer 93 includes a cylinder 43, the lower end of which is provided with a bottom wall 95, and the inner wall of the cylinder 43 is integrally provided with a ring-shaped inner edge 44 in the middle part. The inner ring of the ring-shaped inner edge 44 is integrally provided with a fixed sleeve 38 on the lower side, and the fixed sleeve 38 is coaxially provided below with a piston 41, which is sealingly fitted with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 38. The piston 41 and the bottom wall 95 form a floating hydraulic oil chamber 40 filled with hydraulic oil. The fixed sleeve 38 is sleeved with a pressure control spring 39, the lower end of which elastically presses the piston 41, so that the piston 41 forms a pre-pressure on the floating hydraulic oil chamber 40. The upper inner side of the cylinder 43 is coaxially fixedly installed with an electric telescopic device 45 through a support 46, the telescopic rod 37 of which is coaxially penetrated downward through the inner ring of the fixed sleeve 38, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 37 is connected to the upper end of the piston 41 through a steel wire rope 42 in a relaxed and curved state. The bottom wall 95 is provided with an a communication pipe 30 and a b communication pipe 31, one end of each of which is connected to the floating hydraulic oil chamber 40. Figure 8

[0047] ​​The a communication pipe 30 is communicated with the first liquid guide pipe 27 through the normally open a electromagnetic valve 29, the b communication pipe 31 is communicated with one end of the liquid pumping pipe 33, the other end of the liquid pumping pipe 33 is communicated with the liquid surface below the water area where the ship body is located, the liquid pumping pipe 33 is connected with the normally closed b electromagnetic valve 32 in series; the second liquid guide pipe 28 is communicated with one end of the hot liquid discharge pipe 91, the other end of the hot liquid discharge pipe 91 is communicated with one end of the normally closed c electromagnetic valve 36, the other end of the c electromagnetic valve 36 is communicated with the leading end of the pressure relief valve 35, the leading end of the pressure relief valve 35 is communicated with the atmospheric pressure; the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve 35 is consistent with the pressure in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 under normal conditions; because the c electromagnetic valve 36 is closed under normal conditions, the pressure floating in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 will not cause the pressure relief of the pressure relief valve 35 under normal conditions, the pressure relief valve 35 only plays a role in discharging the liquid with a high temperature when the fire comes, and the specific working process is described below.

[0048] The working principle of the second embodiment is as follows:

[0049] Under normal conditions, the b electromagnetic valve 32 and the c electromagnetic valve 36 are closed, and the a electromagnetic valve 29 is open;

[0050] The smoothness and stable sealing effect of closing the door: before the hatch cover plate 5 is closed, the telescopic rod 37 of the control electric telescopic device 45 is retracted upwards, so that the steel wire rope 42 is taut, the piston 41 is pulled upwards, and the upward pulling force of the steel wire rope 42 is greater than the downward pushing force of the pressure control spring 39, thereby forming a negative pressure in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40, the negative pressure in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 is transmitted to the closed loop oil tank 62 through the open a electromagnetic valve 29, thereby forming a negative pressure in the closed loop oil tank 62, and the elastic sealing wall 60 is automatically depressed downwards under the negative pressure in the closed loop oil tank 62; at this time, if the hatch cover plate 5 is closed downwards, because the elastic sealing wall 60 has been pre-depressed downwards, the lower end of the first circle of sealing shielding strips 22 is smoothly buckled with the elastic sealing wall 60 which is originally depressed downwards without additional downward pushing force when the hatch cover plate 5 is closed downwards; thereby facilitating the smooth locking of the locking device 13;

[0051] When the hatch cover plate 5 has been sealed and covered on the upper side of the hatch ring wall 11, and the locking device 13 is locked, the following state is automatically entered, which is the normal state:

[0052] The telescopic rod 37 of the electric telescopic device 45 is controlled to extend downward, so that the steel wire rope 42 changes from the taut state to the relaxed curved state, at this time the piston 41 is only subjected to the downward thrust of the pressure control spring 39, and then a stable positive pressure is formed in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40, the positive pressure in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 is transmitted to the closed-loop oil tank 62 through the unblocked a solenoid valve 29, so that the positive pressure is formed in the originally negative pressure closed-loop oil tank 62, under the action of the positive oil pressure in the closed-loop oil tank 62, the lower concave elastic sealing wall 60 has a tendency to reset and deform upward, so that the lower end of the first circle of sealing shielding strips 22 is tightly and sealingly attached to the elastic sealing wall 60;

[0053] At the same time, the volume in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 will change with the adaptive change of thermal expansion and cold contraction, but since the pressure control spring 39 exists downward thrust, the oil pressure in the closed-loop oil tank 62 is always stable, so that a stable sealing effect is obtained:

[0054] When a fire occurs outside the deck, the third circle of sealing shielding strips 23 and the first circle of sealing shielding strips 22 are prone to deformation due to high temperature, which in turn causes sealing failure, at the same time, the oil temperature in the closed-loop oil tank 62 will also have the risk of expansion and rupture after rising due to fire, once the fire occurs outside the cabin, the following steps can effectively prevent or delay the damage of the third circle of sealing shielding strips 23 and the first circle of sealing shielding strips 22 due to overheating caused by fire:

[0055] When a fire occurs on the deck, the following operations are automatically performed on the basis of normal state:

[0056] Step one, control the a solenoid valve 29 to close, control the telescopic rod 37 of the electric telescopic device 45 to retract upward, so that the steel wire rope 42 is taut, and pulls the piston 41 upward, and the upward pulling force of the steel wire rope 42 is greater than the downward thrust of the pressure control spring 39, so that a negative pressure is formed in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40, at the same time, the b solenoid valve 32 is opened, under the action of the negative pressure, the liquid pipe 33 draws water in the water area where the ship is located into the floating hydraulic oil tank 40, so that the volume of the liquid in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 increases, and the pressure control spring 39 is further compressed, so that the thrust of the pressure control spring 39 on the piston 41 is significantly increased relative to the normal state;

[0057] Step two, control b solenoid valve 32 closed, control a solenoid valve 29 open, c solenoid valve 36 open, at the same time control the telescopic rod 37 of electric telescopic 45 to extend downwards, make the steel wire rope 42 from the state of tension to the state of relaxed bending, at this time the piston 41 only receives the downward thrust of the control pressure spring 39, and the thrust of the control pressure spring 39 to the piston 41 is significantly increased compared with the normal state; Further make the liquid in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 receive the greater thrust of the piston 41 compared with the normal state, and then make the hydraulic pressure in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 increase to more than the pressure under the normal state, the pressure is transmitted to the closed loop oil tank 62 through the open a solenoid valve 29, so that the pressure in the closed loop oil tank 62 is greater than the pressure under the normal state, and exceeds the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve 35, at this time the high pressure liquid in the closed loop oil tank 62 is discharged through the pressure relief valve 35, at the same time the liquid in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 gradually supplements to the closed loop oil tank 62, until the volume of the liquid in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 returns to the normal volume, the pressure in the floating hydraulic oil tank 40 and the closed loop oil tank 62 returns to the normal pressure, returns to normal, and the pressure relief valve 35 stops discharging liquid;

[0058] The process of "step one" to "step two" is periodically and continuously cycled, so that the suction pipe 33 periodically extracts the water in the water area, and the pressure relief valve 35 periodically discharges the water in the closed loop oil tank 62, so that the pressure in the closed loop oil tank 62 is always greater than or equal to the pressure under the normal state, and the cold liquid water from the water area continuously flows into the closed loop oil tank 62, so as to continuously take away the heat on the third circle sealing shield strip 23 and the first circle sealing shield strip 22 which are always closely and sealingly attached, and then inhibit or eliminate the melting and damage of the third circle sealing shield strip 23 and the first circle sealing shield strip 22 due to high temperature of deck fire, and damage the sealing property.

[0059] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A deck recessed weather tight shield fire resistant hatchcover characterized by: The utility model relates to a hatch cover locking device, which comprises a deck (1), a hatch ring wall (11), a hatch cover (5) and a locking device (13); the hatch ring wall (11) encloses a hatch; the hatch cover (5) is parallel to the deck (1), and the hatch cover (5) is sealed on the upper side of the hatch ring wall (11); the locking device (13) locks the hatch cover (5) on the hatch ring wall (11); a sunken groove (15) is arranged on the deck (1), a spring hinge (2) is installed in the sunken groove (15), one end of the hatch cover (5) is connected to the spring hinge (2) through a swing arm (3), and the hatch cover (5) swings around the spring hinge (2) with the swing arm (3) under the condition that the locking device (13) is unlocked; A lower sealing ring seat (9) is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the hatch ring wall (11) along the contour, an upper sealing ring seat (26) is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the hatch cover (5) along the contour, and a first sealing shielding strip (22) and a second sealing shielding strip (25) are integrally arranged on the lower side of the upper sealing ring seat (26) along the contour; A third sealing shielding strip (23) is integrally arranged on the upper side of the lower sealing ring seat (9) along the contour; the lower end of the second sealing shielding strip (25) is sealingly matched with the upper surface of the lower sealing ring seat (9); and the lower end of the first sealing shielding strip (22) is sealingly and abuttingly matched with the upper end of the third sealing shielding strip (23) along the contour; The third sealing shielding strip (23) is composed of a closed-loop groove-shaped metal wall (61) and an elastic sealing wall (60), the elastic sealing wall (60) is sealingly arranged on the upper side of the groove-shaped metal wall (61) along the contour, so that a closed-loop oil pressure chamber (62) extending along the contour is formed in the third sealing shielding strip (23); under the condition that the hatch cover (5) is closed and locked, the lower end of the first sealing shielding strip (22) is sealingly and abuttingly pressed against the elastic sealing wall (60) downward along the contour, so that the elastic sealing wall (60) is concave downward, and the concave elastic sealing wall (60) has a tendency to return upward under the action of oil pressure in the closed-loop oil pressure chamber (62), so that the lower end of the first sealing shielding strip (22) is tightly and sealingly matched with the elastic sealing wall (60); The lower side of both ends of the closed loop oil pressure bin (62) is respectively communicated with the first liquid guide pipe (27) and the second liquid guide pipe (28); further comprising a sealing maintainer (93) fixedly installed in the ship body, the sealing maintainer (93) comprises a cylinder (43), the lower end of the cylinder (43) is provided with a bottom wall (95), the inner wall of the cylinder (43) is integrally provided with an annular inner edge (44) in the middle, the inner ring of the annular inner edge (44) is integrally provided with a fixed sleeve (38) on the lower side, the fixed sleeve (38) is coaxially provided with a piston (41) below, the outer ring of the piston (41) is sealingly matched with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (38), the piston (41) and the bottom wall (95) form a floating hydraulic oil bin (40) filled with hydraulic oil, the fixed sleeve (38) is sleeved with a pressure control spring (39), the lower end of the pressure control spring (39) elastically presses the piston (41), so that the piston (41) forms a pre-pressure on the floating hydraulic oil bin (40); the upper inner side of the cylinder (43) is coaxially fixedly installed with an electric telescopic device (45) through a support (46), the telescopic rod (37) of the electric telescopic device (45) coaxially penetrates the inner ring of the fixed sleeve (38) downward, the lower end of the telescopic rod (37) is connected with the upper end of the piston (41) through a steel wire rope (42) in a relaxed and curved state; the bottom wall (95) is provided with an a communication pipe (30) and a b communication pipe (31), one end of the a communication pipe (30) and the b communication pipe (31) is communicated with the floating hydraulic oil bin (40); The a communication pipe (30) is communicated with the first liquid guide pipe (27) through an always open a electromagnetic valve (29), the b communication pipe (31) is communicated with one end of the liquid pumping pipe (33), the other end of the liquid pumping pipe (33) is communicated below the liquid level of the water area where the ship body is located; the liquid pumping pipe (33) is serially connected with a normally closed b electromagnetic valve (32); the second liquid guide pipe (28) is communicated with one end of the overheated liquid discharge pipe (91), the other end of the overheated liquid discharge pipe (91) is communicated with one end of a normally closed c electromagnetic valve (36), the other end of the c electromagnetic valve (36) is communicated with the inlet end of the pressure relief valve (35), and the outlet end of the pressure relief valve (35) is communicated with the atmospheric pressure.

2. A deck recessed weather tight shield fire resistant hatchcover according to claim 1 wherein: The torsion spring on the spring hinge (2) exerts a torque on the swing arm (3) to swing upward.

3. A deck recessed weather tight shielded fire resistant hatchcover according to claim 1 wherein: The underside of the hatch cover plate (5) is fixedly provided with a heat insulation layer (4) and a fireproof layer (7) respectively.

4. A deck recessed weather tight shielded fire resistant hatchcover according to claim 1 wherein: The first and second sealing shielding strips (22 and 25) are made of elastic rubber material, and metal or carbon black conductive particles are uniformly mixed in the elastic rubber material.

5. A deck recessed weather tight shield fire resistant hatchcover according to claim 1 wherein: The opening pressure of the pressure relief valve (35) is consistent with the pressure in the floating hydraulic oil bin (40) under normal conditions.

6. A method of operating a deck recessed weather tight shielded fire resistant hatchcover according to claim 5 wherein: The b electromagnetic valve (32) and the c electromagnetic valve (36) are closed, and the a electromagnetic valve (29) is open. Before the hatch cover (5) is closed, the telescopic rod (37) of the electric telescopic device (45) is retracted upward, so that the steel wire rope (42) is taut, and the upward pulling force of the steel wire rope (42) is greater than the downward pushing force of the pressure control spring (39), and when the hatch cover (5) is closed downward, the lower end of the first ring of sealing and shielding strips (22) is buckled with the concave elastic sealing wall (60) along the contour; When the hatch cover (5) has been sealed and closed on the upper side of the hatch ring wall (11) and the locking device (13) is locked, the following state is automatically entered, and the following state is the normal state: The telescopic rod (37) of the electric telescopic device (45) is extended downward, so that the steel wire rope (42) changes from the taut state to the relaxed and curved state; When a fire occurs on the deck, the following operations are automatically performed on the basis of the normal state: Step one, control the a solenoid valve (29) to close, control the telescopic rod (37) of the electric telescopic device (45) to retract upward, so that the steel wire rope (42) is taut, and the upward pulling force of the steel wire rope (42) is greater than the downward pushing force of the pressure control spring (39), and at the same time, the b solenoid valve (32) is opened; Step two, control the b solenoid valve (32) to close, control the a solenoid valve (29) to open, and the c solenoid valve (36) is opened, and at the same time, control the telescopic rod (37) of the electric telescopic device (45) to extend downward, so that the steel wire rope (42) changes from the taut state to the relaxed and curved state; The process of "step one" to "step two" is periodically and continuously cycled.

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