A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts

Abstract

The present invention discloses a quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts, which relates to the technical field of surface heat treatment of automobile parts, and includes: a scanning unit, a part model, which is established based on the part structure data and part material obtained by the scanning unit, and the cooling rate of the part is calculated through the part structure data and part material, and grids of different sizes are established on the surface of the part model according to the change of the cooling rate, and the cooling rates corresponding to the grids of the same size are consistent, and the laser quenching action parameters are calculated through the required hardness and required size and cooling rate of the required part after quenching. The present invention establishes the part model through the part data, and determines the laser power, scanning speed and irradiation time in the laser quenching process by calculating the cooling rates at different positions of the part, so as to reduce the influence of the change of cooling rate caused by the roughness of the part in the laser quenching process on the final quenching hardness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface heat treatment of automobile parts, in particular to a quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts. Background Art

[0002] Application of laser quenching technology in automobile manufacturing: Strengthening of engine parts: The engine is one of the core components of the car, and its performance has an important impact on the performance and life of the entire car. The application of laser quenching technology to treat crankshafts, connecting rods and other parts can greatly improve the strength and wear resistance of the parts, thereby improving the performance and life of the engine. Strengthening of automobile chassis parts: The automobile chassis supports the weight of the entire car and bears various forces and vibrations. The application of laser quenching technology to treat automobile bearings, gears and other parts can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the parts, and enhance the load-bearing capacity and service life of chassis parts. Strengthening of automobile brake system parts: The brake system is an important guarantee for the safety of automobile driving. The application of laser quenching technology to treat automobile brake discs, brake drums and other parts can improve their hardness and wear resistance, and enhance the performance and safety of the brake system.

[0003] Announcement No. CN113642218B discloses a determination system and confirmation method for the critical heating rate of steel plate quenching treatment. The method establishes a three-dimensional geometric model of the steel plate, and establishes a finite element model of the temperature field and the structure field coupling during the quenching process of the steel plate. By resetting the heating rate in the boundary conditions, the critical heating rate at which the center temperature reaches the insulation temperature during the insulation time of the steel plate quenching process is obtained. By establishing a coupling model of the temperature field and the structure field during the quenching process of the steel plate, and performing repeated simulation calculations, the critical heating rate during the quenching process of the steel plate is confirmed, without repeated experiments on the actual produced steel plate, thereby improving the confirmation efficiency of the critical heating rate and reducing the product manufacturing cost.

[0004] Laser quenching technology uses high-power laser as a heat source to quickly and locally heat the metal surface. By precisely controlling the power, focus and scanning speed of the laser, the metal surface temperature quickly rises to the transformation temperature, and then quickly cools down through natural cooling or auxiliary cooling to form a hard martensitic structure.

[0005] It is crucial to ensure the accuracy of automotive parts during laser quenching. The laser power, spot diameter, scanning speed and irradiation time must be precisely controlled. Although the surface heating rate of parts with different thickness structures is the same, the cooling rate and quenching effect of parts with different thickness structures after quenching will be different. Thinner parts may cool faster, while thicker parts may take longer to cool the surface, affecting the size and hardness of the quenched layer. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the action parameters of laser quenching according to the size and hardness of the required quenched layer. Summary of the invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a quenching action parameter determination system for quenching processing of automobile parts, which determines the cooling rate of different positions of the parts according to the part structure, adjusts the action parameters in the laser quenching process according to the different cooling rates, determines the optimal critical heating state, and dynamically adjusts the laser quenching process according to the part structure to ensure the accuracy of laser quenching.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts, comprising:

[0008] A scanning unit, which obtains the structural data of the parts to be quenched by scanning, and stores the corresponding parts numbers in the database;

[0009] The component model is established based on the component structure data and component material obtained by the scanning unit. The cooling rate of the component is calculated through the component structure data and component material. Grids of different sizes are established on the surface of the component model according to the change of cooling rate. The cooling rates corresponding to grids of the same size are consistent. The laser quenching action parameters are calculated through the required hardness, required size and cooling rate of the required component after quenching.

[0010] The acquisition unit obtains the temperature changes of the heating, holding and cooling surfaces of the parts during the quenching process, and draws the surface temperature change curve of the parts;

[0011] The calibration unit detects whether the quenching hardness and actual dimensional accuracy of the component surface are consistent with the required hardness and required size of the component. When the quenching hardness and actual size deviate from the required hardness and required size, the cooling rate of the component model is calibrated based on the cooling rate curve.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, component structural data includes: component thickness at different positions, component surface flatness, component bending angle, component surface curvature and surface roughness. The component structural data establishes a three-dimensional model and stores it in the database corresponding to the component number. After the cooling rate is simulated through the component model, the corresponding simulation data is synchronized to the database.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the steps for calculating the heating rate of a component are as follows:

[0014] Determine thermal conductivity k and specific heat c p , density ρ;

[0015] The steady-state heat conduction is calculated using Fourier's law q:

[0016]

[0017] Where q is the heat flow, A is the area through which the heat flows, and dT / dx is the temperature gradient;

[0018] Calculate the heating rate by energy conservation:

[0019]

[0020] Where V is the volume of the component.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the component at the laser quenching position in the component model is obtained, and the heating rate of the component depends on the heating rate and the thermal conductivity of the component, wherein the cooling rate of the component is affected by the surface roughness. The surface roughness of the component affects the thermal contact resistance between the component and the air. The size of the surface roughness will change the effective contact area with the air, and the cooling rate of the component model is calculated based on the surface roughness of the component.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the steps of the method for calculating the cooling rate under the influence of surface roughness are as follows:

[0023] Determine the heat dissipation mode based on the heat dissipation environment of the parts after quenching;

[0024] Calculate the heat transfer coefficient through the heat dissipation mode and the surface roughness of the component model;

[0025] Calculate the sum of multiple heat transfer coefficients to obtain the total heat transfer coefficient;

[0026] The cooling rate is calculated from the overall heat transfer coefficient.

[0027] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the heat dissipation mode is natural convection cooling and radiation cooling, the cooling rate is:

[0028] The heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is h c Calculated by the following formula:

[0029] h c =C·(T surface -T air ) n ;

[0030] Among them, C and n are constants related to the surface roughness of the parts, T surface is the surface temperature of the steel plate, T air is the air temperature;

[0031] Heat transfer coefficient of radiation h r Calculated using Stefan-Boltzmann's law:

[0032]

[0033] Where ε is the emissivity and σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant;

[0034] The total heat transfer coefficient h is obtained by adding the heat transfer coefficients of natural convection and radiation. total :

[0035] h total =h c +h r ;

[0036] The cooling rate is calculated using Newton's law of cooling:

[0037] Cooling rate = -h total ·D·(T surface -T air );

[0038] Where D is the surface area of ​​the steel plate.

[0039] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the surface quenching hardness of the component is calculated by the cooling rate:

[0040] Plotting cooling rate curves helps determine the hardness that a material can achieve at a specific cooling rate;

[0041] Apply empirical formula: calculate quenching hardness based on cooling rate and laser quenching action parameters;

[0042] Determine appropriate formulas and curves based on component material properties;

[0043] Hardness testing is used to determine whether the surface hardness of a component reaches the required hardness level.

[0044] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the laser power and its beam diameter are determined by the required hardness, cooling rate, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and component density:

[0045]

[0046] Where P is the laser power and d is the laser beam diameter;

[0047] The cooling rate and the required hardness, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and component density are determined to calculate the laser quenching action parameters.

[0048] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when a component has multiple roughnesses, the cooling rates at different positions of the component are obtained, and the component model is divided into multiple grids according to the different cooling rates. During the laser quenching process, the laser quenching action parameters are determined by identifying the grid size in the component model.

[0049] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the acquisition unit acquires the temperature change of the component at the quenching position, generates a temperature change curve, and calibrates the cooling rate using the cooling speed and cooling time of the temperature change curve.

[0050] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The present invention establishes a component model through component data, and determines the laser power, scanning speed and irradiation time during the laser quenching process by calculating the cooling rate at different positions of the component, thereby reducing the influence of the change in cooling rate caused by the roughness of the component during the laser quenching process on the final quenching hardness, and further ensuring the accuracy of the laser quenching process of automotive parts.

[0052] 2. Build component models by scanning components, obtain component structure and thickness, divide component models into multiple grids, represent component models with different grids according to component model structure states, perform corresponding calculations according to different grid states, and adjust corresponding states according to grid states during laser quenching.

[0053] 3. The component model is divided into different grid states to indicate the complexity of the component at that position. The laser quenching strategy is divided into stable quenching and dynamic quenching, corresponding to the quenching of different positions of the component. The complexity of the component affects the cooling rate of that position, so the laser quenching strategy is adjusted to adapt to the different positions of the component.

[0054] 4. Multiple grids correspond to different cooling rates. During the laser quenching process, different grids correspond to different laser quenching action parameters, and the different heating rates of each grid are calculated separately. The same heating rate represents the same laser quenching action parameters. When quenching, only the component model is required for reference of the laser quenching of the component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of mesh segmentation of a component model of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a system flow chart of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the component cooling rate calculation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will disclose multiple embodiments of the present invention with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of clear description, many practical details will be described together in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be used to limit the present invention. In other words, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are not necessary. And if it is possible to implement, the features of different embodiments can be applied interchangeably.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all words (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have their usual meanings, which can be understood by those familiar with this field. Furthermore, the definitions of the above words in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as the meanings consistent with the relevant fields of the present invention in the content of this specification. Unless otherwise clearly defined, these words will not be interpreted as idealized or overly formal meanings.

[0060] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts, which simulates the cooling rate by establishing a part model of the automobile parts, adjusts the laser action parameters during the laser quenching process based on the simulation results, and determines the critical heating temperature.

[0061] In one embodiment, the determining system includes:

[0062] A scanning unit, which obtains the structural data of the parts to be quenched by scanning, and stores the corresponding parts numbers in the database;

[0063] The component model is established based on the component structure data and component material obtained by the scanning unit. The cooling rate of the component is calculated through the component structure data and component material. Grids of different sizes are established on the surface of the component model according to the change of cooling rate. The cooling rates corresponding to grids of the same size are consistent. The laser quenching action parameters are calculated through the required hardness, required size and cooling rate of the required component after quenching.

[0064] The acquisition unit obtains the temperature changes of the heating, holding and cooling surfaces of the parts during the quenching process, and draws the surface temperature change curve of the parts;

[0065] The calibration unit detects whether the quenching hardness and actual dimensional accuracy of the component surface are consistent with the required hardness and required size of the component. When the quenching hardness and actual size deviate from the required hardness and required size, the cooling rate of the component model is calibrated based on the cooling rate curve.

[0066] In this embodiment, component structure data and component collection are obtained to establish a component model, and different types of component models are calculated separately. When laser quenching is performed, the action parameters of laser quenching can be adjusted according to the different positions and structures of the components, thereby ensuring the accuracy of laser quenching during the quenching process at different positions.

[0067] Optionally, in order to improve the calculation accuracy of the component model for cooling rates of components of the same type but different sizes, component models are established separately for components of the same type but different sizes, and the size of the component model is consistent with the component.

[0068] Alternatively, the scanning unit acquires component structure data through ultrasound, and ultrasonic scanning uses the different reflection rates and energies of ultrasound and materials of different densities to perform analysis.

[0069] In addition, component structure data can also be acquired through 3D modeling software, which can be used to build a 3D model and calibrate the dimensions of each position of the component in the 3D model. Ultrasonic scanning can be used to correct the dimensions of the component model during the process of inspecting internal defects in component materials.

[0070] In one embodiment, the component structure data includes: the thickness of the component at different positions, the surface flatness of the component, the bending angle of the component, the surface curvature of the component and the surface roughness. The component structure data establishes a three-dimensional model and stores it in the database corresponding to the component number. After the cooling rate is simulated through the component model, the corresponding simulation data is synchronized to the database.

[0071] In this embodiment, the database contains all component structure data. When performing laser quenching on the surfaces of different components, the corresponding component structure data in the database is retrieved, and the corresponding component structure data in the database can be adjusted through the three-dimensional model software.

[0072] After calculating the cooling rate of the component model, the laser quenching action parameters corresponding to the hardness and dimensional accuracy after quenching are obtained, and the corresponding component structure data is stored in the database for easy access at any time.

[0073] In one embodiment, the steps of calculating the heating rate of a component are as follows:

[0074] Determine thermal conductivity k and specific heat c p , density ρ;

[0075] The steady-state heat conduction is calculated using Fourier's law q:

[0076]

[0077] Where q is the heat flow, A is the area through which the heat flows, and dT / dx is the temperature gradient;

[0078] Calculate the heating rate by energy conservation:

[0079]

[0080] Where V is the volume of the component.

[0081] In this embodiment, by calculating the heating rate of the component, the speed of the heating process can be calculated according to the temperature of the laser quenching. When the laser quenching temperature data is determined, the specified temperature can be reached after a certain period of time to ensure the stability of the quenching. The duration of the laser quenching process is affected by heat conduction. The longer the laser quenching lasts, the higher the temperature inside the component.

[0082] The heating rate of the component is the heating rate of the component surface. Since the temperature of laser quenching is fixed, the temperature inside the component continues to rise during the continuous quenching process.

[0083] In one embodiment, the thickness of the component at the laser quenching position in the component model is obtained, and the heating rate of the component depends on the heating rate and the thermal conductivity of the component, wherein the cooling rate of the component is affected by the surface roughness. The surface roughness of the component affects the thermal contact resistance between the component and the air. The surface roughness will change the effective contact area with the air, and the cooling rate of the component model is calculated based on the surface roughness of the component.

[0084] In this embodiment, the surface roughness requirements of different positions of automobile parts are different, and the position of laser quenching is the surface layer of the parts. Therefore, when the quenching thickness of the surface layer is constant, the surface roughness will not directly affect the thermal conductivity of the material, that is, the heating rate of the parts will not be affected. After the heating is completed, the parts will naturally cool and dissipate heat. The different surface roughness of the parts will change the effective contact area with the air, resulting in a change in the cooling rate. Surface roughness will also affect radiative heat dissipation. Rough surfaces have higher emissivity; surface roughness will also affect the efficiency of natural convection.

[0085] Among them, the surface roughness of parts is the average surface roughness of automobile parts.

[0086] In one embodiment, the steps of calculating the cooling rate under the influence of surface roughness are as follows:

[0087] Determine the heat dissipation mode based on the heat dissipation environment of the parts after quenching;

[0088] Calculate the heat transfer coefficient through the heat dissipation mode and the surface roughness of the component model;

[0089] Calculate the sum of multiple heat transfer coefficients to obtain the total heat transfer coefficient;

[0090] The cooling rate is calculated from the overall heat transfer coefficient.

[0091] In this embodiment, the dominance of the heat dissipation mode is determined by the surface roughness and the heat dissipation mode of the component after surface quenching. The total heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to the different dominance of the heat dissipation modes, and the influence of the surface roughness on the cooling rate under the corresponding total heat transfer coefficient is judged.

[0092] In one embodiment, when the heat dissipation mode is natural convection cooling and radiation cooling, the cooling rate is:

[0093] The heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is h c Calculated by the following formula:

[0094] h c =C·(T surface -T air ) n ;

[0095] Among them, C and n are constants related to the surface roughness of the parts, T surface is the surface temperature of the steel plate, T air is the air temperature;

[0096] Heat transfer coefficient of radiation h r Calculated using Stefan-Boltzmann's law:

[0097]

[0098] Where ε is the emissivity and σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant;

[0099] The total heat transfer coefficient h is obtained by adding the heat transfer coefficients of natural convection and radiation. total :

[0100] h total =h c +h r ;

[0101] The cooling rate is calculated using Newton's law of cooling:

[0102] Cooling rate = -h total ·D·(T surface -T air );

[0103] Where D is the surface area of ​​the steel plate.

[0104] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation mode of the component is natural placement cooling. The above method can be used to calculate that the component with smaller surface roughness has a higher natural convection heat transfer coefficient and will cool faster than the component with larger surface roughness. If radiation heat dissipation is dominant and the steel plate with larger surface roughness has a higher emissivity, the component with larger surface roughness will have a faster cooling rate.

[0105] The speed of cooling is determined by the heat dissipation mode. After the automotive parts are quenched, the heat dissipation mode of the parts is fixed due to the consistent process steps. By obtaining the cooling rate of the part model under a certain heat dissipation mode, it can be applied to the production of all laser quenching of this type of parts.

[0106] In one embodiment, the surface quenching hardness of the component is calculated by the cooling rate:

[0107] Plotting cooling rate curves helps determine the hardness that a material can achieve at a specific cooling rate;

[0108] Apply empirical formula: calculate quenching hardness based on cooling rate and laser quenching action parameters;

[0109] Determine appropriate formulas and curves based on component material properties;

[0110] Hardness testing is used to determine whether the surface hardness of a component reaches the required hardness level.

[0111] In this embodiment, the following formula can be used to calculate the critical cooling rate of the steel to obtain martensite in the center during quenching:

[0112] logv M =9.81-4.62C+1.10Mn+0.54Ni+0.50Cr+0.60Mo+0.00183PA;

[0113] Among them, v M is the critical cooling rate (°C / h), (C), (Mn), (Ni), (Cr), (Mo) are the chemical compositions of the materials, and (PA) is the austenitizing parameter (heating time × heating temperature, where the heating time is 1 hour).

[0114] In one embodiment, the laser power and its beam diameter are determined by the desired hardness, cooling rate, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and component density:

[0115]

[0116] Where P is the laser power and d is the laser beam diameter;

[0117] The cooling rate and the required hardness, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and component density are determined to calculate the laser quenching action parameters.

[0118] In this embodiment, the cooling rate and parameters related to the required hardness, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and component density are all fixed values, and the cooling rates corresponding to different component models are inconsistent. The laser power and laser beam diameter are calculated using the above parameters, and the laser is adjusted according to the laser quenching action parameters to make it suitable for components with different roughness.

[0119] In one embodiment, when a component has multiple roughnesses, the cooling rates of different positions of the component are obtained, and the component model is segmented into multiple grids according to the different cooling rates. During the laser quenching process, the laser quenching action parameters are determined by identifying the grid size in the component model.

[0120] In this embodiment, the laser quenching action parameters are limited by the grid, so that the laser quenching action parameters can be adjusted more conveniently. Only the grid size needs to be identified to determine whether the action parameters need to be adjusted when quenching the part at that position.

[0121] In one embodiment, the acquisition unit acquires the temperature change of the component at the quenching position, generates a temperature change curve, and calibrates the cooling rate using the cooling speed and cooling time of the temperature change curve;

[0122] Optionally, the acquisition unit is an infrared temperature measurement matrix, and during the acquisition process, the temperature changes of multiple points at the quenching position are acquired to generate a temperature change curve;

[0123] Alternatively, the acquisition unit is a thermal imaging system, which calibrates multiple points of the quenching position during the acquisition process, obtains temperature changes at the multiple points, and generates a temperature change curve.

[0124] In this embodiment, the temperature change curve reflects the temperature change at the quenching position. According to the temperature change at the quenching position, problems in the quenching process can be obtained through subsequent statistical analysis, wherein the database synchronously stores the temperature change curve of the corresponding component model.

[0125] In summary, the technical solutions disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0126] 1. The present invention establishes a component temperature rise model through component data, and determines the laser power, scanning speed and irradiation time during the laser quenching process by calculating the cooling rate of different positions of the component, thereby reducing the influence of the component thickness and structure on the laser quenching accuracy during the laser quenching process, and further ensuring the accuracy of the laser quenching process of automotive parts.

[0127] 2. Build component models by scanning components, obtain component structure and thickness, divide component models into multiple grids, represent component models with different grids according to component model structure states, perform corresponding calculations according to different grid states, and adjust corresponding states according to grid states during laser quenching.

[0128] 3. The component model is divided into different grid states to indicate the complexity of the component at that position. The laser quenching strategy is divided into stable quenching and dynamic quenching, corresponding to the quenching of different positions of the component. The complexity of the component affects the cooling rate of that position, so the laser quenching strategy is adjusted to adapt to the different positions of the component.

[0129] 4. Multiple grids correspond to different cooling rates. During the laser quenching process, different grids correspond to different laser quenching action parameters, and the different heating rates of each grid are calculated separately. The same heating rate represents the same laser quenching action parameters. When quenching, only the component model is required for reference of the laser quenching of the component.

[0130] Although the present invention is disclosed in conjunction with the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the definition of the attached claims.

Claims

1. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts, characterized in that: include: A scanning unit, which obtains the structural data of the parts to be quenched by scanning, and stores the corresponding parts numbers in the database; The component model is established based on the component structure data and component material obtained by the scanning unit. The cooling rate of the component is calculated through the component structure data and component material. Grids of different sizes are established on the surface of the component model according to the change of cooling rate. The cooling rates corresponding to grids of the same size are consistent. The laser quenching action parameters are calculated through the required hardness, required size and cooling rate of the required component after quenching. The acquisition unit obtains the temperature changes of the heating, holding and cooling surfaces of the parts during the quenching process, and draws the surface temperature change curve of the parts; The calibration unit detects whether the quenching hardness and actual dimensional accuracy of the component surface are consistent with the required hardness and required size of the component. When the quenching hardness and actual size deviate from the required hardness and required size, the cooling rate of the component model is calibrated based on the cooling rate curve.

2. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component structure data includes: the thickness of the component at different positions, the surface flatness of the component, the bending angle of the component, the surface curvature of the component and the surface roughness. The component structure data establishes a three-dimensional model and stores it in the database according to the component number. After the cooling rate is simulated through the component model, the corresponding simulation data is synchronized to the database.

3. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps to calculate the heating rate of a component are as follows: Determine thermal conductivity k and specific heat c p , density ρ; The steady-state heat conduction is calculated using Fourier's law q: Where q is the heat flow, A is the area through which the heat flows, and dT / dx is the temperature gradient; Calculate the heating rate by energy conservation: Where V is the volume of the component.

4. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the component at the laser quenching position in the component model is obtained. The heating rate of the component depends on the heating rate and the thermal conductivity of the component. The cooling rate of the component is affected by the surface roughness. The surface roughness of the component affects the thermal contact resistance between the component and the air. The surface roughness will change the effective contact area with the air. The cooling rate of the component model is calculated based on the surface roughness of the component.

5. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps for calculating the cooling rate under the influence of surface roughness are as follows: Determine the heat dissipation mode based on the heat dissipation environment of the parts after quenching; Calculate the heat transfer coefficient through the heat dissipation mode and the surface roughness of the component model; Calculate the sum of multiple heat transfer coefficients to obtain the total heat transfer coefficient; The cooling rate is calculated from the overall heat transfer coefficient.

6. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching of automobile parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the heat dissipation mode is natural convection cooling and radiation cooling, the cooling rate is: The heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is h c Calculated by the following formula: h c =C·(T surface -T air ) n ; Among them, C and n are constants related to the surface roughness of the parts, T surface is the surface temperature of the steel plate, T air is the air temperature; Heat transfer coefficient of radiation h r Calculated using Stefan-Boltzmann's law: Where ε is the emissivity and σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant; The total heat transfer coefficient h is obtained by adding the heat transfer coefficients of natural convection and radiation. total : h total =h c +h r ; The cooling rate is calculated using Newton's law of cooling: Cooling rate = -h total ·D·(T surface -T air ); Where D is the surface area of ​​the steel plate.

7. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the surface hardness of the component by cooling rate: Plotting cooling rate curves helps determine the hardness that a material can achieve at a specific cooling rate; Apply empirical formula: calculate quenching hardness based on cooling rate and laser quenching action parameters; Determine appropriate formulas and curves based on component material properties; Hardness testing is used to determine whether the surface hardness of a component reaches the required hardness level.

8. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser power and its beam diameter are determined by the required hardness, cooling rate, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and component density: Where P is the laser power and d is the laser beam diameter; The cooling rate and the required hardness, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and component density are determined to calculate the laser quenching action parameters.

9. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: When a component has multiple roughnesses, the cooling rates at different positions of the component are obtained, and the component model is divided into multiple grids according to the different cooling rates. During the laser quenching process, the laser quenching action parameters are determined by identifying the grid size in the component model.

10. A quenching action parameter determination system for quenching treatment of automobile parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition unit acquires the temperature change of the parts at the quenching position, generates a temperature change curve, and calibrates the cooling rate using the cooling speed and cooling time of the temperature change curve.

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