A high aerodynamic performance friction-electromagnetic compound generator and sensor system

Abstract

The application relates to a high-aerodynamic-performance friction-electromagnetic composite generator and sensor system. The friction-electromagnetic composite generator comprises a base assembly, a power generation assembly and a variable resistance assembly; the base assembly comprises a shell and a central shaft arranged on the shell, and the power generation assembly is arranged on the shell. The application combines a friction nanogenerator with a blade support to form a brand-new variable resistance blade, so that the variable resistance blade can additionally generate electric energy while improving the aerodynamic performance. Meanwhile, through the special design of the variable resistance blade, the resistance of the windward surface of the blade can be increased when the blade is subjected to wind force, and the resistance of the leeward surface of the blade can be reduced when the blade is subjected to leeward force, so that the high aerodynamic performance and low wind speed starting of the rotating blade are realized, and the electromagnetic generator is driven to generate power. The composite generator has application value in the low-speed and capturing field of natural wind energy, and provides a new idea for the design of the friction-electromagnetic composite generator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of natural energy harvesting, and particularly relates to a high-aerodynamic-performance friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator and sensor system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rapid development of global informatization makes information life more intelligent and convenient. Among them, the sensor device is one of the four components of the Internet of Things. The distribution of sensors determines the development level of the Internet of Things. At present, the power supply of sensors mainly relies on urban power grids and chemical batteries. The dependence of power grids on sensors brings great challenges to urban wiring construction, and the consumption of chemical batteries will also cause great pollution to the environment. In order to solve the above problems, some researchers have found the potential application value of zero-carbon wind energy. Wind energy is not only widely distributed, but also when the wind speed reaches 5m / s, the power density of wind energy can reach 100W / m 2 . This makes wind power have the potential to develop into a new way of powering sensors. At present, the main equipment of wind power is electromagnetic generator (EMG), and the greater the speed, the more obvious the advantage of EMG. However, EMG is usually not suitable for areas with an average annual speed of less than 3 meters / second.

[0003] In recent research on small generators, researchers have taken advantage of the low-frequency energy collection of friction nanogenerators (TENG) and the high-frequency energy collection of EMG, and through reasonable structural design, the friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator (TEHG) can efficiently generate electricity under wide-band wind energy conditions. However, in these works, TENG and EMG are located in one power generation system, but they work independently of each other, although the wind speed adaptability of TEHG is expanded, the output performance of TENG and EMG does not promote each other, which is equivalent to the simple superposition of the use of two generators. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-aerodynamic-performance friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator and sensor system in view of the problems of high starting wind speed and weak aerodynamic performance of the existing hybrid generator.

[0005] A high-aerodynamic-performance friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator comprises:

[0006] A base assembly comprises a shell and a central shaft arranged on the shell;

[0007] A power generation assembly is arranged on the shell, and the power generation assembly comprises a flywheel, a magnet and a coil. The flywheel is rotationally connected in the interior of the shell, and the center of the flywheel is connected with the part of the central shaft located in the shell. The flywheel, the magnet and the coil constitute an electromagnetic induction structure, which is used to drive the flywheel to rotate through the central shaft, and then drive the relative motion between the magnet and the coil to generate electricity;

[0008] A variable resistance assembly comprises a connecting part coaxially connected with one end of a central shaft outside a shell, and a plurality of blade supports, each of which is arc-shaped and connected with the connecting part at one end. An inner concave surface of each blade support is provided with a deformable power generation film structure. When the power generation film structure is subjected to wind force, its force receiving area increases. When the power generation film structure is subjected to leeward force, its force receiving area decreases. The power generation film structure is used for vibration caused by wind to generate electricity through the principles of triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction.

[0009] As a preferred example, the shell comprises an end cap one, an end cap two and a shell. The end cap one and the end cap two are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the shell to form a cavity. One end of the central shaft extends through the end cap one to the inside of the cavity and is rotationally connected with the end cap two.

[0010] As a preferred example, the flywheel is connected with a plurality of magnets, and the end cap two is connected with a plurality of coils corresponding to the magnets.

[0011] As a preferred example, the blade support comprises a frame and a plurality of reinforcing ribs. The frame is connected with the connecting part, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are connected with the inner wall of the frame. The frame and the reinforcing ribs are both within the projection of the same arc shape.

[0012] As a preferred example, the power generation film structure comprises a conductive film, a friction film one and a friction film two. The friction film one is annular with its first end connected to its second end. The outer side wall of one end of the friction film one close to the connecting part is connected with the inner concave surface of the blade support, and the other end is a free end. One side of the conductive film is connected with the inner side wall of the friction film one, and the other side is connected with the friction film two. The friction film one and the friction film two are used for contact and separation movement caused by vibration affected by wind to generate electricity.

[0013] As a preferred example, the friction film one is a long annular structure and is arranged along the inner concave surface of the blade support. One end of the friction film one away from the connecting part is provided with a wing plate part.

[0014] As a preferred example, the friction film one is fixedly connected with the blade support by adhesion or riveting.

[0015] As a preferred example, the materials of the friction film one and the friction film two are different high polymer materials with triboelectric effect, and the material of the conductive film is a conductive metal material.

[0016] As a preferred example, the blade support is in the shape of an arc plate, the power generation film structure comprises a conductive film, a friction film one and a friction film two, the conductive film is completely connected to the inner concave surface of the blade support, the friction film one is connected to the side of the conductive film away from the blade support, the friction film two is connected to the inner concave surface of the blade support at one end close to the connecting part, and the other end is a free end, the friction film two covers and contacts the friction film one, and the area of the friction film two is greater than the area of the blade support.

[0017] An Internet of Things sensor system utilizing clean energy, comprising the friction-electromagnetic composite generator and the sensor as described above, the friction-electromagnetic composite generator is used for generating power by wind energy and powering the sensor.

[0018] The present application has the beneficial effect that: the present application combines the friction nanogenerator with the blade support to form a brand-new variable resistance blade, so that the variable resistance blade can generate additional electric energy while improving the aerodynamic performance. At the same time, through the special design of the variable resistance blade, when it is stressed by wind, it can increase the resistance of the windward surface of the blade; when it is stressed by wind, it can reduce the resistance of the leeward surface of the blade, thereby realizing high aerodynamic performance and low wind speed start of the rotating blade, driving the electromagnetic generator to generate power. The composite generator has application value in the low-speed capture field of natural wind energy, and provides a new idea for the design of the friction-electromagnetic composite generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the friction-electromagnetic composite generator in one of the embodiments;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an exploded structural schematic diagram of Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the end cover one in one of the embodiments;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the end cover two in one of the embodiments;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shell in one of the embodiments;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flywheel in one of the embodiments;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heavy blade support in one of the embodiments;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power generation film structure in one of the embodiments;

[0027] Figure 9 is an exploded view of the structure of the variable resistance vane in one embodiment; Figure 8

[0028] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the variable resistance vane in one embodiment when the windward force is applied;

[0029] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the variable resistance vane in one embodiment when the leeward force is applied;

[0030] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the friction-electromagnetic composite generator in another embodiment;

[0031] Figure 13 is an exploded view of the structure of the variable resistance vane in one embodiment; Figure 12

[0032] Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the vane support in another embodiment;

[0033] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the variable resistance vane in another embodiment when the windward force is applied;

[0034] Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the variable resistance vane in another embodiment when the leeward force is applied.

[0035] In the figure: base assembly 100; end cover one 110, limiting boss one 111, clamping groove one 112, end cover two 120, limiting boss two 121, clamping groove two 122, groove one 123, shell 130, center shaft 140;

[0036] Variable resistance assembly 200; conductive film 210, friction film one 220, friction film two 230, vane support 240, connecting hole 241, limiting hole 242;

[0037] Power generation assembly 300; flywheel 310, through hole 311, groove two 312, magnet 320, coil 330;

[0038] Variable resistance assembly two 400; vane support two 410. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] ​​It should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "coupled" or "connected" to another element, it can be directly coupled or connected to the other element or intervening elements can also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.

[0041] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like as can be used herein, merely describe orientations in relation to the application as presented in the figures and are not intended to limit the scope of the application to any particular orientation. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of use in either orientation.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The use herein of the terms "including", "comprising", "having" and the like are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter as well as other items.

[0043] Reference will now be made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 2 are Figure 1 explosive schematic diagram. The embodiment provides a high aerodynamic performance friction-electromagnetic composite generator, which includes a base assembly 100, a power generation assembly 300 and a variable resistance assembly 200. The base assembly 100 includes an end cap one 110, an end cap two 120, an outer shell 130, and a central shaft 140 which can rotate through the end cap one 110 and the end cap two 120. The power generation assembly 300 includes a flywheel 310, a magnet 320 and a coil 330. The variable resistance assembly 200 includes a conductive film 210, a friction film one 220, a friction film two 230, and a related support structure for fixing the conductive film 210 and the friction film. Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , a limiting boss one 111 is arranged at the outer edge of the end cap one 110, and a clamping groove one 112 is arranged at the middle position. As shown in Figure 4 , a limiting boss two 121 is arranged at the outer edge of the end cap two 120, and a clamping groove two 122 is arranged at the middle position. Four recesses one 123 are arranged around the clamping groove two 122 on one side of the end cap two 120. The outer shell 130 is as shown in Figure 5As shown, the center shaft 140 is arranged in a circular ring shape. One end of the center shaft 140 extends into the card slot two 122 through the card slot one 112. The center shaft 140 is supported by bearings to rotate on the shell. The end cover one 110 is connected to the upper end opening of the shell 130 by the limiting boss one 111. The end cover two 120 is connected to the lower end opening of the shell 130 by the limiting boss two 121. The end cover one 110, the shell 130 and the end cover two 120 form a shell together. As shown in Figure 6 As shown, the flywheel 310 is provided with a through hole 311 at the center position, and four recesses two 312 are arranged around the through hole 311. The flywheel 310 is arranged in the shell 130, and the center shaft 140 is connected to the through hole 311 of the flywheel 310. The magnets 320 are arranged in the recesses two 312 of the flywheel 310. The coils 330 are arranged in the recesses one 123 of the end cover two 120. The coils 330 and the magnets 320 rotate along the same diameter. When the center shaft 140 rotates, the flywheel 310 rotates, and the magnets 320 of the flywheel 310 and the coils 330 of the end cover two 120 move relative to each other. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the coils 330 generate alternating current signals. The coils 330 are connected to external electrical components by wires for transmitting electrical energy.

[0044] In this embodiment, the variable resistance assembly 200 adopts a contact separation mode structure. Specifically, the related support structure in the variable resistance assembly 200 includes a connecting part and a plurality of blade supports 240. The connecting part is arranged in a tubular shape, and the center is provided with a connecting hole 241. The center shaft 140 extends into the interior of the connecting part and is connected as a whole with the connecting part. As shown in Figure 7 As shown, the blade support 240 includes a frame and a plurality of reinforcing ribs. The frame is connected to the connecting part, and the reinforcing ribs are connected to the inner wall of the frame to enhance the strength of the frame. At the same time, the frame and the reinforcing ribs are in the projection of the same arc, that is, the entire blade support 240 is in an arc shape. The conductive film 210, the friction film one 220 and the friction film two 230 form a power generation film structure in this embodiment. The power generation film structure can be deformed and is arranged on the inner concave surface of the blade support 240 (the inner concave surface of the blade support 240 is the windward surface of the power generation film structure, and the outer convex surface of the blade support 240 is the leeward surface of the power generation film structure). When the power generation film structure is subjected to wind force, the force receiving area increases; when the power generation film structure is subjected to leeward force, the force receiving area decreases. Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 for Figure 8The end of the friction film 220 is bent, and the two ends are connected to form a long annular structure. The end of the annular structure away from the connected end is kept curved to form a circular arc head. The friction film 220 at the circular arc head is provided with a protruding extension to form a wing plate part for enhancing the resistance of the windward surface. The outer side wall of the end of the friction film 220 close to the connecting part is connected to the inner concave surface of the blade support 240, and the other end of the friction film 220 is a free end (the end of the friction film 220 with the circular arc head), which can swing freely. One side of the conductive film 210 is attached to the inner side wall of the friction film 220, and the conductive film 210 occupies one half of the inner side wall of the long friction film 220. The friction film 230 is attached to the other side of the conductive film 210, corresponding to the other half of the inner side wall of the friction film 220. The friction film 220 is affected by wind-induced vibration and produces contact separation movement with the friction film 230. Due to the principle of triboelectricity and electrostatic induction, the friction film 230 and the conductive film 210 generate opposite charges and conduct the charges through the conductive film 210, thereby generating an alternating current signal outside. A wire is connected to each conductive film 210, and the wire is connected to an external slip ring and other electrical components for conducting current for use. The special feature of the variable resistance assembly 200 is that when the wind force is applied, the friction film 220 is pressed tightly against the blade support 240, reducing the gap between the friction film 220 and increasing the windward area of the friction film 220, thereby increasing the resistance of the windward surface of the blade support 240, as shown in Figure 10 When the back force is applied, the free end of the friction film 220 is forced to separate from the blade support 240 and produces a certain bending and folding, thereby reducing the leeward area of the friction film 220 and reducing the resistance of the leeward surface, thereby enhancing the aerodynamic performance of the variable resistance assembly 200, as shown in Figure 11 During the entire force process, the friction film 220 is affected by wind-induced vibration to produce contact separation movement and generate electricity. Thus, the power generation film structure and the blade support 240 together form a special variable resistance blade.

[0045] In other embodiments, the friction film 220 can be fixed to the blade support 240 by adhesive bonding. Alternatively, multiple limiting holes 242 can be provided on the blade support 240 near the connecting part. The friction film 220 can be fixed by riveting at the limiting holes 242. Regarding the power generation materials, the friction film 220 and the friction film 230 need to be two different polymer materials with triboelectric effect, such as nylon, Kapton (polyimide) film, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) film, etc. It is required that the triboelectric series of the friction film 220 is better than that of the conductive film 210, that is, the friction film 220 and the friction film 230 are more likely to gain electrons than the conductive film 210, and the greater the difference, the better the power generation effect. The conductive film 210 can be a conductive metal material, such as copper or aluminum.

[0046] In another embodiment, compared to the above embodiment, the connection method and structure of the base component 100 and the power generation component 300 are the same as in the above embodiment, but the variable resistance component 200 can be configured with another structural form, namely, variable resistance component 400. Specifically, please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 13 for Figure 12 An explosion diagram. The blade support 410 in the variable drag assembly 400 is designed as an arc-shaped plate, which is sequentially connected to the sidewall of the connecting part, as shown... Figure 14 As shown. The conductive film 210 is completely adhered to the concave surface of the blade support 410. The friction film 220 is completely adhered to the side of the conductive film 210 away from the blade support 410. One end of the friction film 230 is adhered to the end of the concave surface of the blade support 410 near the connection part, and the other end is a free end that can swing freely. At the same time, the friction film 230 covers and contacts the friction film 220. In a completely different embodiment, the friction film 220 or the friction film 230 is not set as annular. However, it should be noted that the area of ​​the friction film 230 needs to be larger than the area of ​​the blade support 410, that is, a part of the friction film 230 will extend to the outside of the windward side of the blade support 410. When the wind blows the windward side of the blade support 410, the friction film 230 will be pressed tightly against the friction film 220, such as... Figure 15 As shown. When the wind blows on the leeward side of the blade support 2 410, the friction film 230, because its area is larger than that of the blade support 2 410 and some areas extend beyond the blade support 2 410, will move away from the friction film 220, causing the friction film 230 and the friction film 220 to change from an adhered state to a separated state, as shown. Figure 16The conductive film 210 will generate periodic alternating charge transfer by such reciprocating periodic movement. At the same time, the friction film two 230 is leeward, the friction film two 230 is separated from the friction film one 220, the free end of the friction film two 230 moves and generates a certain bending and folding, thereby reducing the leeward area of the friction film two 230, thereby reducing the resistance of the leeward surface.

[0047] In another embodiment, an Internet of Things sensor system utilizing clean energy is also proposed. It includes a friction-electromagnetic composite generator and a sensor as described above. The friction-electromagnetic composite generator utilizes wind energy to generate electricity, and the generated electricity powers the sensor. This makes the sensor free from dependence on urban power grids and traditional chemical batteries.

[0048] In summary, the friction-electromagnetic composite generator with high aerodynamic performance is proposed in the present application. When the variable resistance blade is excited by external wind energy, the generator generates electric energy output. The special design of the composite generator realizes low starting wind speed, high aerodynamic performance and stable electric energy output of the generator in the natural wind energy environment. It solves the key technical problems of high starting wind speed and weak aerodynamic performance of the traditional generator. At the same time, it improves the energy capture efficiency of the generator and the service life of the sensor.

[0049] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered as within the scope of the present application.

[0050] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high aerodynamic performance friction- electromagnetic hybrid generator, characterized by, The utility model relates to a wind power generation device, including: a base assembly (100) comprising a housing and a central shaft (140) arranged on the housing; a power generation assembly (300) arranged on the housing, the power generation assembly (300) comprising a flywheel (310), a magnet (320) and a coil (330), the flywheel (310) being rotatably connected inside the housing, and the center of the flywheel (310) being connected with the part of the central shaft (140) located inside the housing, the flywheel (310), the magnet (320) and the coil (330) forming an electromagnetic induction structure for generating electricity by driving the flywheel (310) to rotate through the central shaft (140), thereby driving the relative motion between the magnet (320) and the coil (330) to generate electricity; a variable resistance assembly (200) comprising a connecting part coaxially connected with the end of the central shaft (140) located outside the housing, and a plurality of blade supports (240), the plurality of blade supports (240) each being arc-shaped, and one end of each of the plurality of blade supports (240) being connected with the connecting part, the inner concave surface of each of the blade supports (240) being provided with a deformable power generation film structure, the force receiving area of the power generation film structure increasing when the power generation film structure is subjected to wind force, and the force receiving area of the power generation film structure decreasing when the power generation film structure is subjected to wind force from the back, the power generation film structure being used for generating electricity by friction electrification and electrostatic induction principles under the influence of wind-induced vibration, wherein the power generation film structure comprises a conductive film (210), a friction film one (220) and a friction film two (230), the friction film one (220) being annular with the first end connected with the second end, the outer side wall of one end of the friction film one (220) close to the connecting part being connected with the inner concave surface of the blade support (240), and the other end being a free end, one side of the conductive film (210) being connected with the inner side wall of the friction film one (220), and the other side being connected with the friction film two (230), the friction film one (220) and the friction film two (230) being used for generating electricity by contact and separation motion under the influence of wind-induced vibration.

2. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing comprises an end cover one (110), an end cover two (120) and an outer shell (130), the end cover one (110) and the end cover two (120) being connected at the upper and lower ends of the outer shell (130) to form a cavity, one end of the central shaft (140) extending through the end cover one (110) to the inside of the cavity, and being rotatably connected with the end cover two (120).

3. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flywheel (310) is connected with a plurality of magnets (320), and the end cover two (120) is connected with a plurality of coils (330) corresponding to the magnets (320).

4. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein The blade support (240) comprises a frame and a plurality of reinforcing ribs, the frame being connected with the connecting part, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs each being connected with the inner wall of the frame, the frame and the reinforcing ribs each being in the projection of the same arc shape.

5. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein The friction film one (220) is a long and narrow annular structure, and is arranged along the inner concave surface of the blade support (240), and the end of the friction film one (220) away from the connecting part is provided with a wing plate part.

6. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein The friction film one (220) is fixedly connected with the blade support (240) by bonding or riveting.

7. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein The friction film one (220) and the friction film two (230) are made of different polymer materials with triboelectric effect, and the conductive film (210) is made of conductive metal material.

8. The friction-electromagnetic hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein The blade support (240) is in the shape of an arc plate, the power generation film structure comprises the conductive film (210), the friction film one (220) and the friction film two (230), the conductive film (210) is completely connected on the inner concave surface of the blade support (240), the friction film one (220) is connected on the side of the conductive film (210) away from the blade support (240), one end of the friction film two (230) close to the connecting part is connected on the inner concave surface of the blade support (240), and the other end is a free end, the friction film two (230) covers and contacts the friction film one (220), and the area of the friction film two (230) is greater than that of the blade support (240).

9. An Internet of Things sensor system utilizing clean energy, characterized by, The application relates to a friction-electromagnetic composite generator and sensor, and belongs to the field of power generation and sensor technology.

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