A battery breaking device

Abstract

A battery crushing device includes a conveying device (1), a crushing box (2), a shock-absorbing device (3), a cylinder assembly (4), a crushing chamber (5), a third electric telescopic component clamping device (6), a liquid suction device (7), a nitrogen filling device (8), a crushing device (9), and a dust suction device (10). The liquid suction device (7) is fixed at one end of the crushing box (2), the crushing chamber (5) is set inside the crushing box (2), the liquid suction device (7) is installed through the crushing chamber (5), and a dust suction device (10) is installed on the side of the crushing box (2) away from the liquid suction device (7). It can directly disassemble the battery, and the disassembly is more detailed: the liquid and solid are separated before disassembly. On the one hand, the electrolyte can be recycled, and on the other hand, the solid is disassembled and transported out for unified treatment. The presence of liquid will not affect the transportation, and the environmental pollution is avoided by extracting the liquid in advance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery crushing technology, and more particularly to a battery crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] Discarded lithium-ion batteries pose a greater risk than other types of batteries, with safety hazards during storage and transportation, and frequent fire and explosion accidents. Moreover, the collected batteries are usually centrally processed in newly built factories by recycling companies, but the overall quality of battery recycling companies in the industry is poor. More than 80% of the companies are small workshops with rudimentary equipment and outdated processes, engaging in extensive battery recycling operations, resulting in a large waste of resources and serious environmental pollution.

[0003] Various used battery recycling points are unable to take adequate safety measures when encountering the aforementioned used batteries. Even after the batteries are collected by manufacturers, many manufacturers lack specific treatment strategies for these batteries, simply leaving them to stand or soaking them in water after the problem is discovered, without proactive intervention, and only proceeding with disassembly after a long period. Furthermore, the entire processing is not centralized; multiple battery transfers are required to complete the process. There is a lack of automatic fire suppression, temperature and smoke monitoring, temperature control, and dedicated wastewater and exhaust gas treatment facilities. This can cause environmental pollution and new safety hazards during transportation. Some manufacturers may designate specific disposal areas and isolate them with explosion-proof walls. However, this involves large areas, making relocation inconvenient and costly.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN213052057U describes a mobile waste battery safety disposal cabinet. This cabinet utilizes an explosion-proof air conditioner in the placement area to cool waste batteries initially identified as being in a Class B warning state, along with temperature, smoke, and hazardous gas detection sensors. Batteries without abnormalities can be safely placed in the placement area for dismantling. Batteries with abnormalities (Class B hazardous state) are moved to the soaking area for soaking before dismantling. Batteries initially identified as being in a Class B hazardous state are directly soaked in the soaking area, which also features hazardous gas detection. This disposal method significantly improves safety. Explosion-proof fans and ventilation windows ensure good ventilation in all areas, enhancing safety. Exhaust gases are drawn in, treated, and then discharged. Wastewater is collected in a waste liquid collection tank and then treated in a wastewater treatment system, preventing environmental pollution. The cabinet's box-like structure, including a placement area, soaking area, dismantling area, and gas washing area, provides high-concentration waste battery disposal and facilitates overall transport for short or long distances.

[0005] In actual production: 1. Currently, lithium battery packs and modules have inconsistent models and standards, and individual battery cells vary in size. Current recycling technology can only mechanically disassemble individual cells; both battery packs and modules require manual disassembly down to the individual cells before entering the crusher, otherwise, a fire could easily occur. 2. The closed-loop industrial chain for battery recycling is incomplete, lacking full-process lithium battery recycling technology. Furthermore, the full-process lithium battery recycling process is complex and has high investment costs. Therefore, most recycling companies only perform physical separation and high-temperature pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries for short-term recovery of cathode materials, copper, and aluminum. This short recycling process results in secondary pollution, low metal recycling rates, and low purity and value of the recycled products, thus requiring improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problems this disclosure aims to solve are: 1. Currently, lithium battery packs and modules have inconsistent models and standards, and individual battery cells vary in size. Current recycling technologies can only mechanically disassemble individual battery cells; both battery packs and modules require manual disassembly down to the individual cells before entering the crusher, otherwise, they are prone to catching fire. 2. The closed-loop industrial chain for battery recycling is incomplete, lacking full-process lithium battery recycling technology. Furthermore, the full-process lithium battery recycling process is complex and has high investment costs. Therefore, most recycling companies only perform physical separation and high-temperature pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries for short-term recovery of cathode materials, copper, and aluminum. This short recycling process results in secondary pollution, low metal recycling rates, and low purity and value of the recycled products, thus requiring improvement.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure adopts the following technical solution: a battery crushing device, comprising a conveying device, a crushing box, a shock-absorbing device, a cylinder assembly, a crushing chamber, a third electric telescopic clamping device, a liquid suction device, a nitrogen charging device, a crushing device, and a dust suction device. The liquid suction device is fixed at one end of the crushing box, the crushing chamber is disposed inside the crushing box, the liquid suction device is disposed through the crushing chamber, a dust suction device is installed on the side of the crushing box away from the liquid suction device, the dust suction device is connected to the crushing chamber, the crushing device is disposed at the bottom of the crushing chamber, the shock-absorbing device is disposed at the top of the crushing chamber, the third electric telescopic clamping device is disposed between the shock-absorbing device and the crushing device, the conveying device is disposed at the upper end of the liquid suction device and the crushing box, the conveying device and the crushing box are corresponding, a nitrogen charging device is installed at the upper end of the liquid suction device, the nitrogen charging device extends into the crushing chamber, the cylinder assembly is disposed at the top of the crushing chamber, and the cylinder assembly is connected to the crushing box.

[0008] Compared to existing technologies, this disclosure allows for direct disassembly, and the disassembly is more detailed: liquids and solids are separated before disassembly. This allows for the recycling of the electrolyte, and the disassembled solids are transported out for unified processing. The presence of liquids does not affect transportation, and pre-extraction of the liquids avoids environmental pollution.

[0009] In one embodiment, the conveying device includes a belt conveyor assembly, a material box, and a conveying plate. The belt conveyor assembly is disposed on the liquid suction device and the crushing box. The material box is disposed at the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly. The conveying plate is disposed at the upper end of the belt conveyor assembly and is installed at the upper end of the crushing box.

[0010] In one embodiment, the belt conveyor assembly can stably and directionally transport the batteries in the material box, thereby achieving automated operation.

[0011] In one embodiment, the upper end of the crushing box (2) is provided with a feed inlet (21), the feed inlet (21) corresponds to the conveying device (1), a sealing plate (22) is slidably installed on the top of the crushing box (2), the sealing plate is located at the lower end of the feed inlet, push rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the lower end of the sealing plate, a swing rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the push rod, the swing rod is rotatably connected to one side wall inside the crushing chamber, a U-shaped connecting rod is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder assembly, the swing rod is through the U-shaped connecting rod, vertical plate members are fixed to both ends of the U-shaped connecting rod, and the vertical plate members are in contact with the shock absorption device.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cylinder assembly and the U-shaped connecting rod enable the swing arm to push and pull the sealing plate to move, thereby closing or opening the feed inlet, facilitating control of the nitrogen concentration in the crushing chamber, and effectively achieving isolation operations.

[0013] In one embodiment, the shock absorption device includes two connecting telescopic rods fixed to the top of the crushing chamber. The lower ends of the two connecting telescopic rods are rotatably connected to a bearing plate. A first return spring is fixedly fitted on the connecting telescopic rods. The lower ends of the two connecting telescopic rods are rotatably connected to the bearing plate. Damping elements are rotatably connected to both sides of the front end of the bearing plate. The damping elements are rotatably connected to the side wall inside the crushing chamber. A second return spring is fitted on the damping element. The two ends of the second return spring are respectively fixed to the front and rear ends of the damping element.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first reset spring, the second reset spring, and the damping element can effectively reduce shock, prevent the battery from falling directly into the crushing chamber, effectively buffer the operation, and facilitate clamping the battery by the third electric telescopic component clamping device.

[0015] In one embodiment, the third electric telescopic component clamping device includes a lifting plate slidably installed in the crushing chamber. A first electric telescopic component is fixed in the crushing chamber. The piston rod end of the first electric telescopic component is fixed to the upper end of the lifting plate. A rotating mechanism is provided at one end of the lifting plate. A lead screw is provided on the rotating mechanism. A shaft assembly is rotatably sleeved on the lead screw. A rotating rod and a gear are fixed on the shaft assembly. A moving rail is fixed at one end of the lead screw. A power mechanism is provided on the moving rail. The power mechanism is connected to the shaft assembly. Pull rods are rotatably connected to both ends of the shaft assembly. Clamping plates are slidably installed on both sides of the moving rail. Two pull rods are rotatably connected to two clamping plates respectively.

[0016] In one embodiment, the battery can be effectively clamped and lifted and flipped to facilitate alignment between the battery and the liquid absorption device, making it convenient to absorb the liquid inside the battery.

[0017] In one embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes a second electric telescopic assembly fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate. A lead screw nut is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the second electric telescopic assembly. The lead screw nut is screwed onto the lead screw, and the lead screw is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting plate. The power mechanism includes a third electric telescopic assembly fixed to one side of the moving rail. A spur rack is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the third electric telescopic assembly, and the spur rack meshes with a gear.

[0018] In one embodiment, the two clamping plates can stably clamp the battery by means of components such as a rotating mechanism and a power mechanism, while also facilitating the flipping of the battery.

[0019] In one embodiment, the liquid suction device includes a telescopic liquid suction assembly and a needle-shaped suction tube. The telescopic liquid suction assembly extends through into the crushing chamber, and the needle-shaped suction tube is installed at one end of the telescopic liquid suction assembly located inside the crushing chamber.

[0020] In one embodiment, a needle-shaped pipette is inserted into the battery to facilitate effective absorption of liquid inside the battery, which helps to improve safety.

[0021] In one embodiment, the nitrogen charging device includes a nitrogen supply component, a supply plate, and a detection component. The nitrogen supply component is fixed to one side of the crushing chamber, the supply plate is located at the top of the crushing chamber, and the detection component is installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber. The nitrogen supply component and the supply plate are connected.

[0022] In one embodiment, nitrogen can be supplied stably and the concentration of nitrogen in the crushing chamber can be easily detected, which can effectively improve safety.

[0023] In one embodiment, the crushing device includes two inclined plates fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber, the two inclined plates being arranged opposite to each other. A hopper is fixed to the bottom of the crushing chamber. A rotating shaft and two fixed shafts are rotatably connected to the hopper and the crushing box. A gear is fixed to one end of the two fixed shafts located outside the crushing box. A first motor assembly is installed on one side of the crushing box. The first motor assembly is connected to one of the gears, and the two gears mesh with each other. A linkage wheel is installed on one of the fixed shafts and the rotating shaft. A linkage belt is rotatably connected to the two linkage wheels. A crushing roller is fixed to the two fixed shafts. An auger is fixed to the rotating shaft. The auger passes through the crushing chamber and extends out of the crushing box.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first motor assembly provides power to enable the gear assembly to rotate the two crushing rollers and hoppers relative to each other, thereby crushing the battery after liquid extraction, and outputting the crushed material through the auger assembly.

[0025] In one embodiment, the dust collection device includes a dust collection box, an inspection door hinged to the side of the dust collection box away from the crushing box, a filter screen installed inside the dust collection box, a support shaft rotatably sleeved inside the dust collection box, a fan blade mounted on the support shaft, a second motor assembly installed inside the dust collection box, and synchronous pulleys fixed on the output shafts of the support shaft and the second motor assembly, with a synchronous belt sleeved on both synchronous pulleys.

[0026] In one embodiment, the second motor assembly enables the synchronous belt to drive the support shaft, causing the fan blade to rotate, which can draw in air and facilitate the suction of powder during disassembly.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this disclosure are:

[0028] 1. The crushing chamber effectively shields the battery from direct contact with external components. It allows for the extraction of electrolytes and other liquids within the chamber, preventing liquid contamination during subsequent crushing and enhancing safety. The dust extraction device directs gas flow, ensuring safe crushing by moving dust generated during battery disassembly. The crushing device pulverizes the battery after liquid extraction for easier processing. The nitrogen supply system fills the crushing chamber with gas, improving safety and preventing explosions. The cylinder assembly enables automated operation, reducing human intervention and further enhancing safety. The addition of nitrogen prevents battery explosions during crushing and disassembly.

[0029] 2. In actual use, the battery is placed in the material box and falls at the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly. The belt conveyor assembly is tilted to facilitate the battery's ascent and allows it to be conveyed into the crushing box via the conveyor plate. At the same time, a scraping component with a rubber plate is installed at the upper end of the conveyor plate. The rubber plate can be raised, lowered, and removed to ensure good contact with the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly, preventing impurities from remaining on it and allowing impurities to enter the crushing box via the conveyor plate.

[0030] 3. During operation, when the battery needs to enter the crushing chamber, the sealing plate is not aligned with the feed inlet, allowing the battery to enter the crushing chamber through the feed inlet. After the battery enters, the cylinder assembly operates to move the U-shaped connecting rod, which in turn rotates the swing arm. The rotation of the swing arm causes the sealing plate to move, thus sealing the feed inlet and effectively isolating it from the outside.

[0031] 4. After the battery enters the crushing chamber through the feed inlet, it falls onto the support plate. The battery will compress the support plate, which will stretch the first and second reset springs. At the same time, the damping component can expand and contract to bear the external force. The rotating connection makes it easy to rotate the support plate, allowing the battery on the support plate to fall. The support plate prevents the battery from directly contacting the bottom of the crushing chamber, thus preventing the battery from being crushed.

[0032] 5. In actual operation, the second electric telescopic component enables the lead screw nut to rotate, facilitating the rotation of the lead screw. The lead screw then rotates the moving rail component, facilitating the adjustment of the battery's structural position. This allows for the extraction of liquid from the battery later via a needle-shaped suction tube. Simultaneously, the third electric telescopic component enables the rack and pinion to rotate, thereby moving the clamping plate component to clamp and rotate the battery.

[0033] 6. By inserting a needle-like pipette into the battery, the liquid inside can be extracted, which helps improve safety during battery breakage. Extracting the liquid before breakage allows for the recycling of the electrolyte, and the solid parts can be transported and disposed of uniformly after disassembly. The presence of liquid will not affect transportation, and pre-extraction of the liquid also avoids environmental pollution. A nitrogen supply assembly supplies nitrogen to the supply plate, allowing nitrogen to quickly enter the crushing chamber, increasing the nitrogen content. The nitrogen is also compressed and discharged through an exhaust component connected to the crushing chamber. Furthermore, a detection component can monitor the nitrogen content within the crushing chamber.

[0034] 7. The second motor assembly enables the support shaft to rotate under the action of the synchronous pulley and synchronous belt. In actual use, the synchronous pulley and synchronous belt adopt a toothed structure, which can ensure the stability of power transmission. Furthermore, the filter screen can effectively filter waste residue and powder, thus improving safety.

[0035] The first motor assembly can drive one of the gear components to rotate. The two gear components mesh and rotate in opposite directions, causing the two crushing rollers to rotate and crush the battery. After crushing, the battery waste falls down and can be directionally conveyed by the auger component. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device structure disclosed herein;

[0038] Figure 3 Appendix to this disclosure Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0039] Figure 4 Appendix to this disclosure Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the meshing structure of the two gear components disclosed herein;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the vacuuming device disclosed herein.

[0042] In the diagram: 1 Conveying device, 11 Belt conveyor assembly, 12 Material box, 13 Feeding plate, 2 Crushing box, 21 Feed inlet, 22 Sealing plate, 23 Push rod, 24 Swing rod, 25 U-shaped connecting rod, 26 Vertical plate, 3 Shock absorber, 31 Bearing plate, 32 Connecting telescopic rod, 33 First return spring, 34 Damping component, 35 Second return spring, 4 Cylinder assembly, 5 Crushing chamber, 6 Clamping device, 61 First electric telescopic assembly, 62 Second electric telescopic assembly, 63 Lead screw nut, 64 Lead screw, 65 Lifting plate, 66 Rotating rod, 67 Tie rod, 68 Moving rail, 69 Clamping plate, 610 Shaft assembly, 611 Gear, 6 12 Spur rack, 613 Third electric telescopic assembly, 7 Liquid suction device, 71 Telescopic liquid suction assembly, 72 Needle-shaped suction tube, 8 Nitrogen charging device, 81 Nitrogen supply assembly, 82 Supply plate, 83 Detection assembly, 9 Crushing device, 91 Inclined plate, 92 Hopper, 93 Crushing roller, 94 Screwdriver, 95 First motor assembly, 96 Gear, 97 Linkage wheel, 98 Fixed shaft, 99 Linkage belt, 910 Rotating shaft, 10 Dust collection device, 101 Dust collection box, 102 Inspection door, 103 Synchronous pulley, 104 Second motor assembly, 105 Synchronous belt, 106 Support shaft, 107 Fan blade, 108 Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-6 A battery crushing device includes a conveying device 1, a crushing chamber 2, a shock-absorbing device 3, a cylinder assembly 4, a crushing cavity 5, a third electric telescopic clamping device 6, a liquid suction device 7, a nitrogen filling device 8, a crushing device 9, and a dust collection device 10. The battery to be crushed is conveyed to the crushing chamber 2 by the conveying device 1. After entering the crushing chamber 2, the shock-absorbing device 3 first absorbs shock to prevent the battery from being directly crushed. The nitrogen filling device 8 injects nitrogen from the top, discharging oxygen from the crushing cavity 5 and the dust collection device 10 into the gas collection chamber at the bottom of the crushing chamber. A detection component 83 is installed on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber until nitrogen is present in the crushing chamber and the dust absorption chamber. When the internal concentration reaches 97% or higher, the nitrogen pumping stops. The introduction of nitrogen can prevent the battery from exploding during the crushing process and causing safety hazards. The cylinder assembly 4 retracts the shock absorber 3, allowing the battery to fall into the crushing chamber 5. The third electric telescopic clamping device 6, which can extend up and down and back and forth, clamps the battery in the crushing chamber 5. The front end of the liquid suction device 7 is equipped with multiple needle-shaped suction tubes 72. The needle-shaped suction tubes 72 are inserted into the battery to suck up the liquid electrolyte and other substances inside the battery. Then the crushing device 9 moves to crush the battery. The dust generated during the crushing process is collected by the dust suction device 10. The auger 94 transports the crushed battery fragments to a designated location for unified processing.

[0045] Reference Figures 1-6The liquid suction device 7 is fixed at one end of the crushing chamber 2. The crushing chamber 2 effectively shields the liquid from direct contact with the outside. It can extract liquids such as electrolytes from within the crushing chamber 2, preventing liquid from entering during subsequent crushing and improving crushing safety. The crushing chamber 5 is located inside the crushing chamber 2, and the liquid suction device 7 is installed throughout it. A dust suction device 10 is installed on the side of the crushing chamber 2 away from the liquid suction device 7. The dust suction device 10 enables gas flow, and the directional gas flow directs dust generated during battery disassembly, effectively ensuring crushing safety. The dust suction device 10 and the crushing chamber 5 are connected. The crushing device 9 is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber 5. The crushing device can remove the electrolyte from the battery after liquid extraction. The crushing device 9 is crushed to facilitate subsequent processing. A shock-absorbing device 3 is located at the top of the crushing chamber 5. A third electric telescopic clamping device 6 is located between the shock-absorbing device 3 and the crushing device 9. A conveying device 1 is located at the top of the liquid suction device 7 and the crushing chamber 2, corresponding to each other. A nitrogen filling device 8 is installed at the top of the liquid suction device 7. The nitrogen filling device 8 allows gas to fill the crushing chamber 2, improving safety and preventing explosions. The nitrogen filling device 8 extends into the crushing chamber 5. A cylinder assembly 4 is located at the top of the crushing chamber 5 and connected to the crushing chamber 2. The cylinder assembly 4 enables automated operation, reducing operator intervention and further improving safety.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 The conveying device 1 includes a belt conveyor assembly 11, a material box 12, and a conveying plate 13. The belt conveyor assembly 11 is mounted on the liquid suction device 7 and the crushing box 2. The material box 12 is located at the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly 11, and the conveying plate 13 is located at the upper end of the belt conveyor assembly 11. The conveying plate 13 is installed at the upper end of the crushing box 2. In actual use, batteries are placed in the material box 12 and fall at the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly 11. The batteries can be conveyed by the belt conveyor assembly 11. The belt conveyor assembly 11 is inclined to facilitate the upward movement of the batteries, allowing them to be conveyed into the crushing box 2 through the conveying plate 13. At the same time, in actual use, a scraping component is installed at the upper end of the conveying plate 13, and a rubber plate is provided. The rubber plate can be raised, lowered, and removed to ensure good contact with the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly 11, preventing residual impurities from remaining on it and allowing impurities to enter the crushing box 2 through the conveying plate 13.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The crushing box 2 has a feed inlet 21 at its upper end, which corresponds to the conveying device 1. A sealing plate 22 is slidably installed on the top of the crushing box 2, located below the feed inlet 21. Push rods 23 are rotatably connected to both sides of the lower end of the sealing plate 22, and swing rods 24 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the push rods 23. The swing rods 24 are rotatably connected to one side wall inside the crushing chamber 5. A U-shaped connecting rod 25 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder assembly 4. The swing rod 24 is inserted through the U-shaped connecting rod 25. The two ends of the U-shaped connecting rod 25 are fixed. A vertical plate 26 is provided, which is in contact with the shock absorption device 3. During operation, when the battery needs to enter the crushing box 2, the sealing plate 22 is not aligned with the feed inlet 21, allowing the battery to enter the crushing box 2 through the feed inlet 21. After the battery enters, the cylinder assembly 4 operates to move the U-shaped connecting rod 25, which in turn rotates the swing rod 24. The rotation of the swing rod 24 causes the sealing plate 22 to move, thus sealing the feed inlet 21. This effectively isolates the battery from the outside environment, improving the safety of battery disassembly and preventing disruption to workers.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The shock absorption device 3 includes two connecting telescopic rods 32 fixed to the top of the crushing chamber 5. The lower ends of the two connecting telescopic rods 32 are rotatably connected to a bearing plate 31. A first reset spring 33 is fixedly mounted on the connecting telescopic rods 32. Damping elements 34 are rotatably connected to both sides of the front end of the bearing plate 31. The damping elements 34 are rotatably connected to the side wall inside the crushing chamber 5. A second reset spring 35 is mounted on the damping element 34. The two ends of the second reset spring 35 are respectively fixed to the front and rear ends of the damping element 34. In use, after the battery enters the crushing chamber 5 through the feed inlet 21, the battery can fall onto the bearing plate 31. The battery will press the bearing plate 31, which will stretch the first reset spring 33 and the second reset spring 35. At the same time, the damping element 34 can expand and contract to bear external forces. The rotatable connection makes it easy for the bearing plate 31 to be rotated, allowing the battery on the bearing plate 31 to fall. The bearing plate 31 prevents the battery from directly contacting the bottom of the crushing chamber 5, thus preventing the battery from being crushed.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The third electric telescopic component clamping device 6 includes a lifting plate 65 slidably installed in the crushing chamber 5. A first electric telescopic component 61 is fixed in the crushing chamber 5. The piston rod end of the first electric telescopic component 61 is fixed to the upper end of the lifting plate 65. A rotating mechanism is provided at one end of the lifting plate 65. A lead screw 64 is provided on the rotating mechanism. A shaft assembly 610 is rotatably sleeved on the lead screw 64. A rotating rod 66 and a gear 611 are fixed on the shaft assembly 610. A moving rail 68 is fixed at one end of the lead screw 64. A power mechanism is provided on the moving rail 68. The power mechanism is connected to the shaft assembly 610. Pull rods 67 are rotatably connected to both ends of the shaft assembly 610. Clamping plates 69 are slidably installed on both sides of the moving rail 68. The two pull rods 67 are rotatably connected to the two clamping plates 69 respectively. In operation, the two clamping plates 69 can be moved relative to each other by the action of the power mechanism and the rotating mechanism, which can effectively clamp the battery. At the same time, the lifting plate 65 can be raised and lowered, which can stably drive the battery to rise and fall.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The rotating mechanism includes a second electric telescopic assembly 62 fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate 65. A lead screw nut 63 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the second electric telescopic assembly 62. The lead screw nut 63 is screwed onto a lead screw 64, which is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting plate 65. The power mechanism includes a third electric telescopic assembly 613 fixed to one side of the moving rail 68. A rack 612 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the third electric telescopic assembly 613. The rack 612 meshes with a gear 611. In actual operation, the second electric telescopic assembly 62 causes the lead screw nut 63 to rotate the lead screw 64, which in turn causes the moving rail 68 to rotate, facilitating the adjustment of the battery's structural position so that the liquid inside the battery can be extracted later through the needle-shaped suction tube 72. At the same time, the third electric telescopic assembly 613 causes the rack 612 to drive the gear 611 to rotate, thereby moving the clamping plate 69 to clamp the battery.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 The liquid suction device 7 includes a telescopic liquid suction component 71 and a needle-shaped suction tube 72. The telescopic liquid suction component 71 extends through into the crushing chamber 5. The needle-shaped suction tube 72 is installed at one end of the telescopic liquid suction component 71 located in the crushing chamber 5. It can be inserted into the battery through the needle-shaped suction tube 72 to extract the liquid inside the battery, which helps to improve the safety when the battery is crushed.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The nitrogen filling device 8 includes a nitrogen supply component 81, a supply plate 82, and a detection component 83. The nitrogen supply component 81 is fixed to one side of the crushing chamber 2, the supply plate 82 is located at the top of the crushing chamber 5, and the detection component 83 is installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber 5. The nitrogen supply component 81 and the supply plate 82 are connected. The nitrogen supply component 81 can supply nitrogen to the supply plate 82, which can make nitrogen enter the crushing chamber 2 quickly, increase the nitrogen content in the crushing chamber 2, and also make the nitrogen be squeezed down and discharged through the exhaust component connected to the crushing chamber 2. The detection component 83 can detect the nitrogen content in the crushing chamber 2.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The crushing device 9 includes two inclined plates 91 fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 5, which are arranged opposite to each other. A hopper 92 is fixed to the bottom of the crushing chamber 5. A rotating shaft 910 and two fixed shafts 98 are rotatably connected to the hopper 92 and the crushing box 2. A gear 96 is fixed to one end of the two fixed shafts 98 located outside the crushing box 2. A first motor assembly 95 is installed on one side of the crushing box 2. The first motor assembly 95 is connected to one of the gears 96, and the two gears 96 mesh with each other. One of the fixed shafts 98 and the rotating shaft 910 are connected to the crushing box 2. Each of the two linkage wheels 97 is equipped with a linkage belt 99 that rotates together on both linkage wheels 97. Two fixed shafts 98 fix crushing rollers 93. An auger 94 is fixed on the rotating shaft 910. The auger 94 passes through the crushing chamber 5 and extends out of the crushing box 2. The first motor assembly 95 can drive one of the gears 96 to rotate. The two gears 96 mesh with each other and rotate in opposite directions, so that the two crushing rollers 93 can rotate to crush the battery. After crushing, the battery waste can be directionally conveyed by the auger 94.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 The dust collection device 10 includes a dust collection box 101. A maintenance door 102 is hinged to the side of the dust collection box 101 away from the crushing box 2. A filter screen 108 is installed inside the dust collection box 101. A support shaft 106 is rotatably sleeved inside the dust collection box 101. A fan blade 107 is installed on the support shaft 106. A second motor assembly 104 is installed inside the dust collection box 101. Synchronous pulleys 103 are fixed on the output shafts of the support shaft 106 and the second motor assembly 104. A synchronous belt 105 is sleeved on both synchronous pulleys 103. The second motor assembly 104 enables the support shaft 106 to rotate under the action of the synchronous pulleys 103 and the synchronous belt 105. In actual use, the synchronous pulleys 103 and the synchronous belt 105 adopt a toothed structure, which can ensure the stability of power transmission. Furthermore, the filter screen 108 can effectively filter waste residue and powder, thus improving safety.

[0055] In some embodiments, the batteries to be crushed are conveyed to the crushing chamber 2 by the conveying device 1 for crushing. Batteries are placed in the material box 12 and fall onto the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly 11, which conveys the batteries. The belt conveyor assembly 11 is inclined to facilitate battery lifting, allowing the batteries to be conveyed into the crushing chamber 2 via the conveyor plate 13. In actual use, a scraping component is installed on the upper end of the conveyor plate 13, and a rubber plate is provided. This rubber plate is adjustable in height and can be disassembled, ensuring good contact with the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly 11 and preventing residual impurities. Impurities are allowed to enter the crushing chamber 2 via the conveyor plate 13. After the batteries enter the crushing chamber 5 through the feed inlet 21, they fall onto the support plate 31. The batteries compress the support plate 31, stretching the first return spring 33 and the second return spring 35. Simultaneously, the damping member 34 allows for the extension and retraction of external forces. A rotating connection facilitates the rotation of the support plate 31. The movement of the cylinder assembly 4 causes the battery on the support plate 31 to fall. The support plate 31 prevents the battery from directly contacting the bottom of the crushing chamber 5, thus preventing the battery from being crushed. When the battery needs to enter the crushing box 2, the sealing plate 22 is not aligned with the feed inlet 21, allowing the battery to enter the crushing box 2 through the feed inlet 21. After the battery enters, the operation of the cylinder assembly 4 causes the U-shaped connecting rod 25 to move, which in turn causes the swing arm 24 to rotate. The rotation of the swing arm 24 causes the sealing plate 22 to move, thus sealing the feed inlet 21 and effectively isolating it from the outside. This effectively improves the safety of disassembling the battery and avoids affecting the workers. After entering the crushing box 2, the shock absorption device 3 first absorbs the shock to prevent the battery from being directly broken. The nitrogen filling device 8 injects nitrogen from the top to discharge the oxygen in the crushing chamber 5 and the dust collection device 10 into the gas collection chamber at the bottom of the crushing chamber. The second motor assembly 104 causes the support shaft 106 to rotate under the action of the synchronous pulley 103 and the synchronous belt 105.

[0056] In actual use, the synchronous pulley 103 and synchronous belt 105 adopt a toothed structure to ensure the stability of power transmission. The filter screen 108 can effectively filter waste powder, thus improving safety. A detection component 83 is installed on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber. The pumping of nitrogen stops when the concentration of nitrogen in the crushing chamber and dust absorption chamber reaches more than 97%. The introduction of nitrogen can prevent the battery from exploding during the crushing process and causing safety hazards. The nitrogen supply component 81 can supply gas to the gas supply plate 82, which can make nitrogen enter the crushing box 2 quickly, increase the nitrogen content in the crushing box 2, and also make the nitrogen be squeezed down and discharged through the exhaust component connected to the crushing box 2. The detection component 83 can detect the nitrogen content in the crushing box 2. The cylinder component 4 retracts the shock absorber 3, allowing the battery to fall into the crushing chamber 5. The third electric telescopic component clamping device 6, which can extend up and down and back and forth in the crushing chamber 5, clamps the battery.

[0057] In actual operation, the second electric telescopic component 62 enables the lead screw nut 63 to rotate the lead screw 64, facilitating its rotation. The lead screw 64 then rotates the moving rail 68, allowing for adjustment of the battery's structural position. This facilitates the subsequent extraction of liquid from the battery via the needle-shaped suction tubes 72. Simultaneously, the third electric telescopic component 613 enables the rack 612 to drive the gear component 611, which in turn moves the clamping plate 69 to hold the battery. The front end of the liquid suction device 7 has multiple needle-shaped suction tubes 72, which are inserted into the battery to suck up liquid substances such as electrolyte. Afterward, the crushing device 9 moves to crush the battery. Dust generated during the crushing process is collected by the dust collection device 10. The first motor assembly 95 drives one of the gear components 96 to rotate. The two gear components 96 mesh and rotate in opposite directions, causing the two crushing rollers 93 to rotate and crush the battery. After crushing, the battery waste falls and is directionally conveyed by the auger component 94, transporting the crushed battery fragments to a designated location for unified processing. The crushing box 2 effectively shields the battery from direct contact with the outside and allows for the extraction of liquids such as electrolytes from the crushing box 2, preventing liquid from appearing in subsequent crushing processes and improving crushing safety.

Claims

1. A battery crushing device, comprising a conveying device (1), a crushing box (2), a shock-absorbing device (3), a cylinder assembly (4), a crushing chamber (5), a third electric telescopic component clamping device (6), a liquid suction device (7), a nitrogen charging device (8), a crushing device (9), and a dust suction device (10). The liquid suction device (7) is fixed at one end of the crushing box (2). The crushing chamber (5) is located inside the crushing box (2). The liquid suction device (7) is installed through the crushing chamber (5). A dust suction device (10) is installed on the side of the crushing box (2) away from the liquid suction device (7). The dust suction device (10) and the crushing chamber (5) are connected in a through manner. The crushing device (9) is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber (5). The shock absorption device (3) is located at the top of the crushing chamber (5). The third electric telescopic component clamping device (6) is located between the shock absorption device (3) and the crushing device (9). The conveying device (1) is located at the upper end of the liquid suction device (7) and the crushing box (2). The conveying device (1) corresponds to the crushing box (2). A nitrogen charging device (8) is installed at the upper end of the liquid suction device (7). The nitrogen filling device (8) extends into the crushing chamber (5). The cylinder assembly (4) is located at the top of the crushing chamber (5). The cylinder assembly (4) is connected to the crushing box (2). The upper end of the crushing box (2) is provided with a feed inlet (21). The feed inlet (21) corresponds to the conveying device (1). A sealing plate (22) is slidably installed on the top of the crushing box (2). The sealing plate (22) is located at the lower end of the feed inlet (21). Push rods (23) are rotatably connected to both sides of the lower end of the sealing plate (22). A swing rod (24) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the push rod (23). The swing rod (24) is rotatably connected to one side wall of the crushing chamber (5). A U-shaped connecting rod (25) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder assembly (4). The swing rod (24) is installed through the U-shaped connecting rod (25).

2. The battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device (1) includes a belt conveyor assembly (11), a material box (12) and a conveying plate (13). The belt conveyor assembly (11) is installed on the liquid suction device (7) and the crushing box (2). The material box (12) is installed at the lower end of the belt conveyor assembly (11). The upper end of the belt conveyor assembly (11) is provided with a conveying plate (13). The conveying plate (13) is installed at the upper end of the crushing box (2).

3. The battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped connecting rod (25) has vertical plates (26) fixed at both ends. The vertical plates (26) are in contact with the shock absorber (3). The shock absorber (3) includes two connecting telescopic rods (32) fixed at the top of the crushing chamber (5). The lower ends of the two connecting telescopic rods (32) are rotatably connected to a bearing plate (31). A first reset spring (33) is fixedly fitted on the connecting telescopic rod (32). Damping elements (34) are rotatably connected to both sides of the front end of the bearing plate (31). The damping elements (34) are rotatably connected to the side wall inside the crushing chamber (5). A second reset spring (35) is fitted on the damping elements (34). The two ends of the second reset spring (35) are respectively fixed to the front and rear ends of the damping elements (34).

4. The battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third electric telescopic component clamping device (6) includes a lifting plate (65) slidably installed in the crushing chamber (5). A first electric telescopic component (61) is fixed in the crushing chamber (5). The piston rod end of the first electric telescopic component (61) is fixed to the upper end of the lifting plate (65). A rotating mechanism is provided at one end of the lifting plate (65). A lead screw (64) is provided on the rotating mechanism. A shaft assembly (610) is rotatably sleeved on the lead screw (64). A rotating rod (66) and a gear (611) are fixed on the shaft assembly (610). A moving rail (68) is fixed at one end of the lead screw (64). A power mechanism is provided on the moving rail (68). The power mechanism is connected to the shaft assembly (610). A pull rod (67) is rotatably connected to both ends of the shaft assembly (610). Clamping plates (69) are slidably installed on both sides of the moving rail (68). The two pull rods (67) are rotatably connected to the two clamping plates (69) respectively.

5. The battery crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a second electric telescopic assembly (62) fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate (65). The piston rod end of the second electric telescopic assembly (62) is fixed with a lead screw nut (63). The lead screw nut (63) is screwed onto a lead screw component (64). The lead screw component (64) is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting plate (65). The power mechanism includes a third electric telescopic assembly (613) fixed to one side of the moving rail component (68). The piston rod end of the third electric telescopic assembly (613) is fixed with a rack (612). The rack (612) meshes with a gear component (611).

6. The battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid suction device (7) includes a telescopic liquid suction assembly (71) and a needle-shaped suction tube (72). The telescopic liquid suction assembly (71) extends through into the crushing chamber (5), and the needle-shaped suction tube (72) is installed at one end of the telescopic liquid suction assembly (71) located in the crushing chamber (5).

7. The battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen filling device (8) includes a nitrogen supply component (81), a gas supply plate (82), and a detection component (83). The nitrogen supply component (81) is fixed on one side of the crushing box (2), the gas supply plate (82) is located at the top of the crushing chamber (5), and the detection component (83) is installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber (5). The nitrogen supply component (81) and the gas supply plate (82) are connected.

8. The battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing device (9) includes two inclined plates (91) fixed on the inner wall of the crushing chamber (5), which are arranged opposite to each other. A hopper (92) is fixed at the bottom of the crushing chamber (5). A rotating shaft (910) and two fixed shafts (98) are rotatably connected to the hopper (92) and the crushing box (2). A gear (96) is fixed at one end of the two fixed shafts (98) located outside the crushing box (2). A first motor assembly (910) is installed on one side of the crushing box (2). 5) The first motor assembly (95) is connected to one of the gears (96), the two gears mesh, and a linkage wheel (97) is installed on one of the fixed shaft (98) and the rotating shaft (910). A linkage belt (99) is sleeved on the two linkage wheels (97) together. A crushing roller (93) is fixed on the two fixed shafts (98), and an auger (94) is fixed on the rotating shaft (910). The auger (94) passes through the crushing chamber (5) and extends out of the crushing box (2).

9. A battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection device (10) includes a dust collection box (101), a maintenance door (102) is hinged to the side of the dust collection box (101) away from the crushing box (2), a filter screen (108) is installed inside the dust collection box (101), a support shaft (106) is rotatably sleeved inside the dust collection box (101), a fan blade (107) is installed on the support shaft (106), a second motor assembly (104) is installed inside the dust collection box (101), a synchronous pulley (103) is fixed on the output shaft of the support shaft (106) and the second motor assembly (104), and a synchronous belt (105) is sleeved on both synchronous pulleys (103).

Images