A vibration-reducing prefabricated track structure with unloadable support and construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and discloses a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support and a construction method, wherein the structure includes a grouting layer, a vibration-damping cushion layer and a prefabricated track plate in order from bottom to top; the vibration-damping cushion layer is arranged between the prefabricated track plate and the grouting layer; the grouting layer is made of a self-compacting concrete material with good fluidity, and the grouting layer is used to support the prefabricated track structure; the vibration-damping cushion layer and the prefabricated track plate are composited into one body, and the vibration-damping cushion layer is arranged under the prefabricated track plate for vibration reduction; two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves that can be engaged with wedge-shaped support blocks are provided on both sides of the prefabricated track plate, and before the grouting layer is formed, the wedge-shaped support block is used to support the vibration-damping cushion layer and the prefabricated track plate, and after the grouting layer is formed, the wedge-shaped support block is unloaded internally, and the support of the wedge-shaped support block to the vibration-damping cushion layer and the prefabricated track plate is cancelled, so as to achieve contact between the vibration-damping cushion layer and the grouting layer. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure of the present invention has a good vibration reduction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular to a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urban rail transit and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the vibration and noise problems of urban rail transit have attracted more and more attention. At present, the main measure for vibration and noise reduction of urban rail transit is track structure vibration reduction. Among the track vibration reduction measures, the track structure of the ballast bed has a larger vibration mass and better vibration reduction effect. The vibration reduction pad ballast bed is a type of ballast bed type vibration reduction track.

[0003] The current vibration damping pad roadbed mainly includes cast-in-place reinforced concrete roadbed, three-layer prefabricated roadbed and two-layer prefabricated roadbed. The cast-in-place vibration damping pad reinforced concrete roadbed has a large amount of on-site steel bar binding and concrete pouring, and the laying of the vibration damping pad must be completed on-site, so the construction speed is slow, the work efficiency is low, and the construction cost is high. In the prior art, during the construction of the prefabricated vibration damping pad reinforced concrete roadbed, a temporary support device is built, and the support device is removed after the vibration damping pad reinforced concrete roadbed is formed, which leads to an already complicated construction process and further reduces the efficiency.

[0004] As the main measure for reducing vibration and noise in urban rail transit, the vibration reduction effect of vibration-damping pad roadbed still needs to be further improved to meet people's higher requirements for quality of life. Therefore, laying vibration-damping pad reinforced concrete roadbed is an indispensable construction process.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the fact that there are still many defects and shortcomings in the construction efficiency, construction quality and vibration reduction effect of the vibration-damping pad track bed in the prior art, the present invention proposes a novel vibration-damping pad prefabricated track structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support and a construction method. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure and the construction method of the present invention can achieve better vibration reduction effects on the basis of improving construction efficiency.

[0007] The present invention provides a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support, which comprises a grouting layer, a vibration-damping cushion layer and a prefabricated track plate from bottom to top; the vibration-damping cushion layer is arranged between the prefabricated track plate and the grouting layer; the grouting layer is made of a self-compacting concrete material with good fluidity, and the grouting layer is used to support the prefabricated track structure; the vibration-damping cushion layer and the prefabricated track plate are composited into one body, and the vibration-damping cushion layer is arranged under the prefabricated track plate for vibration reduction; a wedge-shaped support block is arranged in the grouting layer;

[0008] Both sides of the prefabricated track plate are provided with two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves that can be engaged with the wedge-shaped support blocks. Before the filling layer is formed, the wedge-shaped support blocks are used to support the vibration-damping pad layer and the prefabricated track plate. After the filling layer is formed, the wedge-shaped support blocks are unloaded internally, canceling the support of the wedge-shaped support blocks for the vibration-damping pad layer and the prefabricated track plate, thereby achieving contact between the vibration-damping pad layer and the filling layer.

[0009] Furthermore, before forming the filling layer, the wedge-shaped support blocks are used to support the vibration-damping pad layer and the prefabricated track slab, specifically including:

[0010] The wedge-shaped support block includes a support cap, a steel rod, and a bolt;

[0011] The steel rod is composed of an upper steel rod and a lower steel rod;

[0012] The support cap is movably connected to the upper steel rod;

[0013] The lower steel rod is fixed to the bottom of the wedge-shaped support block;

[0014] A thread matching the shape of the bolt is provided at one end of the upper steel rod away from the support cap and at one end of the lower steel rod away from the bottom of the wedge-shaped support block;

[0015] When the bolt is located between the upper steel rod and the lower steel rod, the distance between the upper steel rod and the lower steel rod is greater than 0, so that the support cap in the wedge-shaped support block is used to support the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track slab.

[0016] Furthermore, after the filling layer is formed, the wedge-shaped support block is unloaded internally, and the specific steps of canceling the support of the wedge-shaped support block on the vibration-damping pad layer and the prefabricated track plate include:

[0017] The wedge-shaped support block also includes a support cap groove, which is arranged on a side of the wedge-shaped support block that contacts the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate. When the bolt is moved out from between the upper steel rod and the lower steel rod, and the distance between the upper steel rod and the lower steel rod is equal to 0, the support cap in the wedge-shaped support block is located in the support cap groove, and the support cap cancels the support for the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped support block is a wedge-shaped block, and the thickness of the wedge-shaped support block decreases along the insertion direction of the wedge-shaped support block.

[0019] Furthermore, two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves which can be engaged with the wedge-shaped support blocks are provided on both sides of the prefabricated track plate, specifically including: two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves on the same side of the prefabricated track plate, which are arranged opposite to each other on the prefabricated track plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped support block also includes a bolt hole tooling, a steel rod fixing tooling, and a fixing block;

[0021] The lower section of the steel rod is fixed on the fixing block, and the fixing block is also fixedly connected with the steel rod fixing fixture and the bolt hole fixture to form the main body of the wedge-shaped supporting block.

[0022] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped support block also includes an unloading tube, which is arranged in the bolt hole tooling to realize the screwing in and screwing out operations of the bolt.

[0023] Furthermore, the vibration-damping pad layer is composed of a vibration-damping pad area at the bottom of the plate, a vibration-damping pad area in the groove, a vibration-damping pad area on the side of the plate, and a vibration-damping pad area in the injection hole;

[0024] The vibration-damping pad area at the bottom of the plate is used to reduce vibration at the lower end of the prefabricated track plate;

[0025] The grooved vibration-damping pad area is used to reduce vibration in the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate;

[0026] The plate side vibration damping pad area and the vibration damping pad area in the injection hole are used for vibration damping pad layer displacement buffering.

[0027] Furthermore, a conical protrusion is arranged in the vibration-damping pad area at the bottom of the plate; and a strip-shaped protrusion is arranged in the vibration-damping pad area at the groove.

[0028] Furthermore, the prefabricated track plate is also provided with a pouring hole, and a pouring hole is provided in the pouring hole in the vibration damping pad area in the pouring hole in the vibration damping pad layer, and the pouring hole and the pouring hole completely overlap and are used for pouring the filling material layer.

[0029] Furthermore, the vibration damping pad layer and the prefabricated track slab are composited into one specifically as follows: the plate side vibration damping pad region is provided with a plate side vibration damping pad end edge, and the plate side vibration damping pad end edge is engaged with the vibration damping pad slot at the lower end of the prefabricated track slab, thereby realizing that the vibration damping pad layer and the prefabricated track slab are composited into one.

[0030] Furthermore, the prefabricated track plate is also provided with a reserved bolt hole, wherein the reserved bolt hole is adjacent to the vibration-damping pad slot, and the vibration-damping pad layer and the prefabricated track plate can be bolted to each other by screwing the bolt into the reserved bolt hole.

[0031] Furthermore, the prefabricated track plate is provided with two parallel steel rails, and each steel rail is fixed to the prefabricated track plate by a plurality of fasteners.

[0032] Furthermore, ballast drainage ditches are provided on both end surfaces of the filling layer to drain the accumulated water on the prefabricated track slab.

[0033] Furthermore, the prefabricated track slab also includes a rail support platform, and the rail support platform is used to place the rails.

[0034] Furthermore, the prefabricated track slab is also provided with a slab surface drainage groove and a slab surface drainage groove bridge, and the slab surface drainage groove and the slab surface drainage groove bridge are connected to each other for draining the accumulated water on the prefabricated track slab into the roadbed drainage ditch.

[0035] Furthermore, the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure is arranged on the arc-shaped shield segment.

[0036] The present invention also provides a construction method for the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support, the method comprising:

[0037] Step S1: transport the prefabricated track slab to a designated location, and roughly lay the prefabricated track slab on the laid arc shield segment;

[0038] Step S2: fine-adjust the laying position of the prefabricated track slab by a fine-adjusting vehicle, and install a wedge-shaped support block in the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated track slab under the prefabricated track slab. Before installing the wedge-shaped support block, unload the pipe in the wedge-shaped support block and screw the bolt between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar so that the distance between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar is greater than 0;

[0039] Step S3: grouting material is poured through the prefabricated track slab grouting holes to form a grouting layer, and the grouting layer is cured until the grouting layer reaches the design strength;

[0040] Step S4: screwing the bolt out from between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar through the unloading tube in the wedge-shaped support block, so that the distance between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar is equal to 0, and the support cap in the wedge-shaped support block falls back into the support cap groove, and the wedge-shaped support block cancels the support for the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate;

[0041] Step S5: Concrete the ballast bed drainage ditches at both ends of the filling layer, and lay and install the rails and fasteners on the prefabricated track slabs.

[0042] Furthermore, the prefabricated track slab in step S1 has a composite integrated vibration-damping pad layer.

[0043] Furthermore, the process of integrating the prefabricated track plate and the vibration-damping pad layer is specifically as follows: the vibration-damping pad slots on the prefabricated track plate are engaged with the plate-side vibration-damping pad end edges on the vibration-damping pad layer, and bolts are screwed into the reserved bolt holes on the prefabricated track plate for bolt fixing.

[0044] Furthermore, after step S4 is completed, the unloading pipe that exceeds the grouting layer is cut off.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:

[0046] 1. The present invention first designs a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure that does not need to be disassembled. The structure of the present invention can not only achieve vibration reduction, but also avoid the removal of the wedge-shaped support block structure from under the prefabricated track plate, thereby facilitating the improvement of construction efficiency;

[0047] Firstly, in order to improve the efficiency of construction, a wedge-shaped support block is designed. By designing the internal structure of the wedge-shaped support block, the support cap in the wedge-shaped support block can realize the supporting function. The entire surface of the support cap is used to support the prefabricated track plate, avoiding point support or line support with the prefabricated track plate, and preventing the point support or line support as the support of the prefabricated track plate, which may cause the support structure to be unstable, and may even cause damage to the prefabricated track plate; secondly, the support cap is flexibly connected in the entire wedge-shaped support block, and the support cap can move freely forward and backward around the upper steel rod in the direction of the wedge-shaped support block, which is beneficial for the support cap to fully contact with the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate, thereby facilitating support; finally, the wedge-shaped support block does not need to be removed from the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate, and the support cap completely falls back into the groove of the support cap, which can achieve complete contact between the vibration-damping cushion layer and the filling layer, thereby ensuring the vibration-damping effect of the entire structure of the present invention.

[0048] 2. The wedge-shaped support block in the method of the present invention does not need to be removed from the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate. Therefore, in order to further improve the vibration reduction effect of the present invention, firstly, a groove vibration reduction pad area of ​​a vibration reduction pad layer is provided in the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate, and a strip-shaped protrusion is provided in the groove vibration reduction pad area, which can be used to reduce vibration in the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated plate; secondly, when the support cap falls back into the support cap groove, complete contact between the vibration reduction pad layer and the filling layer is achieved. In summary, the above settings further ensure the vibration reduction effect of the structure of the present invention.

[0049] 3. In this technical solution, the vibration-damping pad prefabricated track slab has a large parametric mass, a low natural frequency, and a good vibration-damping effect. The prefabricated track slab is temporarily supported during construction by an unloadable wedge-shaped support block, which reduces the installation and disassembly of construction machinery such as the erection and support of the prefabricated track slab and the anti-floating frame of the prefabricated track slab, improves construction efficiency, and reduces construction costs. The vibration-damping pad sets its parameters and performance according to the region and function to meet the vibration-damping performance and structural stress of different parts of the track bed. At the same time, the vibration-damping pad is highly applicable to prefabricated slabs of different specifications, which reduces the specifications of the vibration-damping pad and reduces investment. With fewer construction processes and a simple construction process, the construction efficiency can be effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated track slab provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wedge-shaped support block provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a vibration-damping cushion provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 5 It is a front schematic diagram of a steel rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Reference numerals:

[0057] 1-prefabricated track plate; 2-vibration damping pad; 3-wedge-shaped support block; 4-pouring layer; 5-rail; 6-arc shield segment; 101-rail support platform; 102-prefabricated plate reserved guide groove; 103-pouring hole; 104-plate surface drainage groove; 105-plate surface drainage groove bridge; 106-vibration damping pad slot; 107-reserved bolt hole; 201-plate bottom vibration damping pad area; 202-groove vibration damping pad area; 2 03-plate side vibration damping pad area; 204-vibration damping pad area in the pouring hole; 301-support cap; 302-steel rod; 303-bolt hole tooling; 304-bolt; 305-steel rod fixing tooling; 306-unloading pipe; 308-support cap groove; 309-fixing block; 401-ballast bed drainage ditch; 3021-upper section steel rod; 3022-lower section steel rod; 203-1-plate side vibration damping pad end edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Combine the following Figures 1 to 4As shown, some embodiments are further described to provide a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support.

[0060] exist Figure 1 It can be found that the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure of the present invention mainly consists of three parts, and the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure includes a grouting layer 4, a vibration-damping cushion layer 2 and a prefabricated track plate 1 from bottom to top; the vibration-damping cushion layer 2 is arranged between the prefabricated track plate 1 and the grouting layer 4; the grouting layer 4 is made of a dense concrete material with good fluidity, and the grouting layer 4 is used to support the prefabricated track structure; the vibration-damping cushion layer 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1 are composited into one body, and the vibration-damping cushion layer 2 is arranged under the prefabricated track plate 1 To reduce vibration; a wedge-shaped support block 3 is provided in the grouting layer 4; two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves 102 that can be engaged with the wedge-shaped support block 3 are provided on both sides of the prefabricated track plate 1. Before the grouting layer 4 is formed, the wedge-shaped support block 3 is used to support the vibration-damping cushion layer 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1. After the grouting layer 4 is formed, the wedge-shaped support block 3 is unloaded internally, and the support of the wedge-shaped support block 3 to the vibration-damping cushion layer 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1 is cancelled, so as to achieve the contact between the vibration-damping cushion layer 2 and the grouting layer 4. In the structure of the present invention, through the action of the wedge-shaped support block 3, during the construction process, it is not necessary to remove the wedge-shaped support block from under the prefabricated track plate, so that the close and full contact between the vibration-damping cushion layer and the grouting layer can be achieved, which not only improves the efficiency of the project, but also ensures the vibration-damping effect of the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure; in addition, the wedge-shaped support block can also limit the prefabricated track plate.

[0061] In the present invention, the wedge-shaped support block 3 is a wedge-shaped block, and the thickness of the wedge-shaped support block 3 decreases along the insertion direction of the wedge-shaped support block 3; the wedge-shaped support block 3 is located in the reserved guide groove 102 of the prefabricated plate, so there are also four wedge-shaped support blocks 3, two of which are provided on both sides of the prefabricated track plate 1, and the two wedge-shaped support blocks on the same side are arranged oppositely. The shape of the wedge-shaped support block is set to facilitate the adaptation of the wedge-shaped support block to the bottom of the prefabricated track plate, and by adjusting the four wedge-shaped support blocks to adapt to different installation heights in the guide groove of the prefabricated track plate, the support cap can contact the surface of the prefabricated track plate, and the stability of the support of the prefabricated track plate can be achieved.

[0062] exist Figure 3 and Figure 5It can be found that the wedge-shaped support block 3 includes a support cap 301, a steel rod 302, and a bolt 304; the steel rod 302 is composed of an upper steel rod 3021 and a lower steel rod 3022; the support cap 301 is movably connected to the upper steel rod 3021; ​​the lower steel rod 3022 is fixed to the bottom of the wedge-shaped support block 3; one end of the upper steel rod 3021 away from the support cap 301 and one end of the lower steel rod 3022 away from the bottom of the wedge-shaped support block 3 are both provided with threads that can match the shape of the bolt 304; before the filling layer 4 is formed, the bolt 304 is located between the upper steel rod 3021 and the lower steel rod 3022, and the distance between the upper steel rod 3021 and the lower steel rod 3022 is greater than 0, so that the support cap 301 in the wedge-shaped support block 3 is used to support the vibration damping pad 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1. After the filling layer 4 is formed, the wedge-shaped support block 3 is unloaded internally, and the support of the wedge-shaped support block 3 to the vibration-damping pad 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1 is cancelled. Through the support cap groove 308 in the wedge-shaped support block 3, the support cap groove 308 is arranged on the side of the wedge-shaped support block 3 that contacts the reserved guide groove 102 of the prefabricated plate. When the bolt 304 is moved out from between the upper steel rod 3021 and the lower steel rod 3022, when the distance between the upper steel rod 3021 and the lower steel rod 3022 is equal to 0, the support cap 301 in the wedge-shaped support block 3 is located in the support cap groove 308, and the support cap 301 cancels the support for the vibration-damping pad 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1.

[0063] In the present invention, firstly, the support cap is movably connected to the upper steel rod, which can enable the entire surface of the support cap to support the prefabricated track plate, avoiding point support and line support with the prefabricated track plate, and preventing the situation that the support structure may be unstable when point support or line support occurs, and may also cause damage to the prefabricated track plate; secondly, the support cap can freely move forward and backward along the direction of the wedge-shaped support block around the upper steel rod, and the support cap is flexibly connected in the entire wedge-shaped support block. The flexible movement of the support cap is conducive to the full contact between the support cap and the prefabricated track plate, thereby facilitating support. In addition, in the present invention, before the filling layer is formed, the bolts and steel rods cooperate with the support cap to play a strong supporting role.

[0064] In the present invention, the shape of the support cap groove is not limited to a rectangle, as long as the shape of the support cap groove can realize the complete retraction of the support cap and the flexible movement of the support cap; when the support cap groove is a rectangle, the width of the support cap groove satisfies the maximum angle of free rotation of the support cap in the support cap groove to adapt to the position of the track plate, and the depth of the support cap groove satisfies the storage space of the support cap in the support cap groove after the support cap is effectively unloaded.

[0065] Figure 3It can also be seen that the wedge-shaped support block 3 also includes a bolt hole fixture 303, a steel bar fixing fixture 305, and a fixing block 309; the lower section of the steel bar 3022 is fixed on the fixing block 309, and the fixing block 309 is also fixedly connected with the steel bar fixing fixture 305 and the bolt hole fixture 303 to form the main body of the wedge-shaped support block 3. The wedge-shaped support block 3 also includes an unloading pipe 306, which is arranged in the bolt hole fixture 303 and is used to realize the screwing in and screwing out operation of the bolt 304.

[0066] In the present invention, the unloading pipe can also prevent the concrete from blocking the bolt hole when the filling layer is formed, so that the screwing in and out of the bolt cannot be realized. As an example, a PVC pipe can be used as the unloading pipe.

[0067] Figure 4 It is disclosed that the vibration damping pad layer 2 is composed of a plate bottom vibration damping pad area 201, a groove vibration damping pad area 202, a plate side vibration damping pad area 203, and a vibration damping pad area 204 in a pouring hole; wherein, the plate bottom vibration damping pad area 201 is used to dampen the vibration of the lower end of the prefabricated track plate 1, the groove vibration damping pad area 202 is used to dampen the vibration in the reserved guide groove 102 of the prefabricated plate, and the plate side vibration damping pad area 203 and the vibration damping pad area 204 in the pouring hole are used for displacement buffering of the vibration damping pad layer 2.

[0068] In the present invention, the stiffness of different areas of the vibration damping pad layer is determined according to the force calculation of each part. The vibration damping pad area at the bottom of the board and the vibration damping pad area in the groove mainly play a vibration damping role; the vibration damping pad area on the side of the board and the vibration damping pad area in the pouring hole should meet the displacement requirements of the board in all directions, in order to adapt to prefabricated boards of different specifications and sizes. In order to meet the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping pad area 201 at the bottom of the board, a conical protrusion is also provided in the vibration damping pad area 201 at the bottom of the board.

[0069] Figure 1 and Figure 4 In the embodiment, the plate side vibration damping pad region 203 of the vibration damping pad layer 2 is provided with a plate side vibration damping pad end edge 203-1, which is engaged with the vibration damping pad clamping groove 106 at the lower end of the prefabricated track plate 1; the prefabricated track plate 1 is also provided with a reserved bolt hole 107, which is adjacent to the vibration damping pad clamping groove 106. By screwing the bolt into the reserved bolt hole 107, the vibration damping pad layer 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1 can be bolted. Through the above cooperation, the vibration damping pad layer 2 and the prefabricated track plate 1 are combined into one.

[0070] In the present invention, in order to ensure the close contact and sealing between the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate, it is prevented that the grouting material during construction enters between the prefabricated track plate and the vibration-damping pad, and that the accumulated water during operation enters between the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate or the grouting material, which affects the vibration-damping effect and durability of the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure. First, after the end edge of the vibration-damping pad on the plate side is engaged with the vibration-damping pad slot at the lower end of the prefabricated track plate, a sealing strip is used to seal the end of the vibration-damping pad; second, after the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate are bolted, a sealing strip is used to seal the joint; third, a grouting hole is provided in the vibration-damping pad area in the grouting hole as an integrally formed cylindrical structure, which has no joints with other areas of the vibration-damping pad.

[0071] Figure 2 and Figure 4 In the present invention, the pouring process of the pouring layer 4 is mainly through the pouring hole 103 and the pouring hole. The pouring hole 103 is set on the prefabricated track plate 1, and the pouring hole is set in the pouring hole in the vibration damping pad area 204 in the vibration damping pad layer 2, and the pouring hole 103 completely overlaps with the pouring hole.

[0072] exist Figure 1-Figure 2 In the embodiment, the surfaces of both ends of the grouting layer 4 are respectively provided with ballast bed drainage ditches 401 for draining the accumulated water on the prefabricated track slab 1. The prefabricated track slab 1 is also provided with a plate surface drainage groove 104 and a plate surface drainage groove bridge 105, which are connected to drain the accumulated water on the prefabricated track slab 1 into the ballast bed drainage groove 401. In the present invention, the prefabricated track slab is provided with a plate surface drainage groove for collecting waste water on the surface of the prefabricated track slab, and the waste water is introduced into the ballast bed drainage groove through the plate surface drainage groove bridge, thereby preventing the waste water on the surface of the prefabricated track slab from leaking into the gap between the prefabricated track slab, the vibration-damping cushion layer and the grouting layer, and affecting the durability of the entire vibration-damping structure.

[0073] Two parallel steel rails 5 are arranged on the prefabricated track plate 1, and each steel rail 5 is fixed to the prefabricated track plate 1 by a plurality of fasteners. The prefabricated track plate 1 also includes a rail support platform 101, and the rail support platform 101 is used to place the steel rails 5.

[0074] Figure 1 In the embodiment, the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure is arranged on the arc-shaped shield segment 6.

[0075] In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present invention further provide a construction method of the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support, the method comprising:

[0076] Step S1: transport the prefabricated track slab to a designated location, and roughly lay the prefabricated track slab on the laid arc shield segment;

[0077] Rough positioning is performed according to the contour of the precast track slab. The transportation of the precast track slab is generally carried out by tire-type pallet trucks, which can improve the efficiency of transporting the slab. When the precast track slab is transported to the designated location, the precast track slab is hoisted to the designated location according to the measurement and the positioning line of the precast track slab contour to complete the rough laying of the precast track slab.

[0078] Step S2: fine-adjust the laying position of the prefabricated track slab by a fine-adjusting vehicle, and install a wedge-shaped support block in the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated track slab under the prefabricated track slab. Before installing the wedge-shaped support block, unload the pipe in the wedge-shaped support block and screw the bolt between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar so that the distance between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar is greater than 0;

[0079] The fine-tuning of precast track slabs is usually completed by a fine-tuning vehicle to improve the fine-tuning efficiency, and can also be completed by a fine-tuning frame. The fine-tuning of precast track slabs needs to consider the impact of the vertical compression of the vibration-damping cushion on the elevation of the track slab. When installing the wedge-shaped support block, no mechanical device is required. After the fine-tuning of the precast track slab is completed, the worker manually places the wedge-shaped support block into the reserved guide groove of the precast slab to complete the installation of the wedge-shaped support block. No additional tooling and machinery are required, and the wedge-shaped support block will not be displaced after the precast track slab is lifted.

[0080] Step S3: grouting material is poured through the prefabricated track slab grouting holes to form a grouting layer, and the grouting layer is cured until the grouting layer reaches the design strength;

[0081] Before pouring the filling layer, a steel mold is required to complete the sealing around the prefabricated track slab to avoid leakage of the filling material. When pouring the filling layer, pour from the pouring holes on the upper part of the prefabricated track slab.

[0082] Step S4: screwing the bolt out from between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar through the unloading tube in the wedge-shaped support block, so that the distance between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar is equal to 0, and the support cap in the wedge-shaped support block falls back into the support cap groove, and the wedge-shaped support block cancels the support for the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate;

[0083] When the filling layer reaches the required strength, the wedge-shaped support block is unloaded. When the wedge-shaped support block is unloaded, an electric wrench is inserted into the unloading tube of the wedge-shaped support block to unscrew the bolts to realize the unloading of the upper steel rod.

[0084] Step S5: pouring ballast bed drainage ditches at both ends of the filling layer, and laying and installing rails and fasteners on the prefabricated track slabs;

[0085] The roadbed drainage ditch is a semicircular ditch, which is cast for the second time after the pouring of the grouting layer is completed and reaches the strength. After the pouring of the grouting layer is completed and the precast track slab is laid for a certain length, generally at least the length of one section, the roadbed drainage ditches on both sides are poured uniformly, and the rails and fasteners are laid and installed. The roadbed drainage ditches on both sides are generally semicircular ditches.

[0086] In some embodiments, the prefabricated track slab in step S1 has a composite integrated vibration-damping pad layer.

[0087] In some embodiments, the process of integrating the prefabricated track plate and the vibration-damping pad layer is specifically as follows: the vibration-damping pad slots on the prefabricated track plate are engaged with the plate-side vibration-damping pad end edges on the vibration-damping pad layer, and bolts are screwed into the reserved bolt holes on the prefabricated track plate for bolt fixing.

[0088] The upper part of the precast track slab contains rails and rail support platforms for mounting fasteners. As an example, the spacing of the rail support platforms along the line direction is 0.6m. Two grouting holes that penetrate the thickness direction of the precast track slab can be set on the center line of the precast track slab to be used for pouring the grouting layer during construction and to limit the longitudinal and lateral displacement of the precast track slab during operation. There are precast slab reserved guide grooves on the side of the precast track slab for the installation of unloadable wedge-shaped support blocks. Reserved bolt holes for hoisting, fixing molds or vibration damping pads are reserved at the bottom and sides of the precast track slab.

[0089] As an example, the thickness of the prefabricated track slab is determined according to the structural form and the reserved track height. It is increased as much as possible while meeting the force of the filling layer and the structural construction error, so as to improve the vibration quality and vibration reduction effect of the track structure and improve the assembly rate. The thickness of the filling layer is generally 10cm when meeting the force and 90% structural construction error. The length of the prefabricated track slab along the line direction is generally 4.7m and 3.5m.

[0090] As an example, the material of the vibration damping pad is generally rubber or polyurethane, and the stiffness of the vibration damping pad matches the mass of the prefabricated track slab; the stiffness of the groove vibration damping pad area of ​​the vibration damping pad should not be greater than the stiffness of the vibration damping pad area at the bottom of the slab, and the stiffness of the vibration damping pad area on the side of the slab and the vibration damping pad area in the pouring hole should be greater than the stiffness of the vibration damping pad area at the bottom of the slab, and should be determined according to the stress conditions of different parts.

[0091] In some embodiments, after step S4 is completed, the unloading pipe that exceeds the grouting layer is cut off.

[0092] As an example, the unloading pipe may be a PVC pipe.

[0093] It should be noted that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, rather than limiting the scope of the present application. As shown in the present specification, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "one", "a", "a kind of" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. The terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method or device including the elements.

[0094] It should also be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support, characterized in that: The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure comprises, from bottom to top, a grouting layer (4), a vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and a prefabricated track plate (1); the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) is arranged between the prefabricated track plate (1) and the grouting layer (4); the grouting layer (4) is used to support the prefabricated track structure; the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1) are composited into one body, and the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) is arranged under the prefabricated track plate (1) to reduce vibration; a wedge-shaped support block (3) is arranged in the grouting layer (4); The two sides of the prefabricated track plate (1) are provided with two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves (102) that can be engaged with the wedge-shaped support blocks (3); before the filling layer (4) is formed, the wedge-shaped support blocks (3) are used to support the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1); after the filling layer (4) is formed, the wedge-shaped support blocks (3) are internally unloaded, and the support of the wedge-shaped support blocks (3) to the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1) is cancelled, thereby achieving contact between the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and the filling layer (4); The vibration-damping pad layer (2) is composed of a plate bottom vibration-damping pad area (201), a groove vibration-damping pad area (202), a plate side vibration-damping pad area (203), and a vibration-damping pad area (204) in a pouring hole; The plate bottom vibration damping pad area (201) is used to dampen vibration at the lower end of the prefabricated track plate (1); The groove vibration-damping pad area (202) is used to reduce vibration in the reserved guide groove (102) of the prefabricated plate; The plate side vibration damping pad area (203) and the in-filling hole vibration damping pad area (204) are used for displacement buffering of the vibration damping pad layer (2); A conical protrusion is provided in the plate bottom vibration damping pad area (201); and a strip-shaped protrusion is provided in the groove vibration damping pad area (202); The prefabricated track slab (1) is also provided with a slab surface drainage groove (104) and a slab surface drainage groove bridge (105), and the slab surface drainage groove (104) and the slab surface drainage groove bridge (105) are connected to drain the accumulated water on the prefabricated track slab (1) into the ballast bed drainage ditch (401) on the surface of the filling layer (4); Before forming the filling layer (4), the wedge-shaped support block (3) is used to support the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and the prefabricated track slab (1), and specifically comprises: The wedge-shaped support block (3) comprises a support cap (301), a steel rod (302), and a bolt (304); The steel rod (302) is composed of an upper steel rod (3021) and a lower steel rod (3022); The support cap (301) is movably connected to the upper steel rod (3021); The lower steel rod (3022) is fixed to the bottom of the wedge-shaped support block (3); A thread matching the shape of the bolt (304) is provided at one end of the upper steel rod (3021) away from the support cap (301) and at one end of the lower steel rod (3022) away from the bottom of the wedge-shaped support block (3); When the bolt (304) is located between the upper steel rod (3021) and the lower steel rod (3022), the distance between the upper steel rod (3021) and the lower steel rod (3022) is greater than 0, so that the support cap (301) in the wedge-shaped support block (3) is used to support the vibration-damping pad (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1); After the filling layer (4) is formed, the wedge-shaped support block (3) is unloaded internally, and the support of the wedge-shaped support block (3) on the vibration-damping cushion layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1) is cancelled, which specifically includes: The wedge-shaped support block (3) further comprises a support cap groove (308), the support cap groove (308) being arranged on a side of the wedge-shaped support block (3) in contact with the reserved guide groove (102) of the prefabricated plate, and when the bolt (304) is moved out from between the upper steel bar (3021) and the lower steel bar (3022), when the distance between the upper steel bar (3021) and the lower steel bar (3022) is equal to 0, the support cap (301) in the wedge-shaped support block (3) is located in the support cap groove (308), and the support cap (301) cancels the support for the vibration-damping pad (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1); The wedge-shaped support block (3) further comprises a bolt hole tool (303), a steel rod fixing tool (305), and a fixing block (309); The lower section of the steel bar (3022) is fixed on the fixing block (309), and the fixing block (309) is also fixedly connected with the steel bar fixing fixture (305) and the bolt hole fixture (303) to form the main body of the wedge-shaped support block (3); The wedge-shaped support block (3) further comprises an unloading tube (306), wherein the unloading tube (306) is arranged in the bolt hole tooling (303) and is used to realize the screwing in and screwing out operation of the bolt (304).

2. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast drainage ditches (401) are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the filling layer (4) for draining the accumulated water on the prefabricated track slab (1).

3. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped support block (3) is a wedge-shaped block, and the thickness of the wedge-shaped support block (3) decreases along the insertion direction of the wedge-shaped support block (3); The two sides of the prefabricated track plate (1) are each provided with two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves (102) that can be engaged with the wedge-shaped support block (3), specifically comprising: two prefabricated plate reserved guide grooves (102) on the same side of the prefabricated track plate (1), which are arranged opposite to each other on the prefabricated track plate (1).

4. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated track plate (1) is also provided with a pouring hole (103), and a pouring hole is provided in the pouring hole in the vibration damping pad area (204) of the vibration damping pad layer (2), and the pouring hole (103) completely overlaps with the pouring hole and is used for pouring the filling material layer (4).

5. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration-damping pad layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1) are combined into one piece in the following manner: the plate-side vibration-damping pad region (203) is provided with a plate-side vibration-damping pad end edge (203-1), and the plate-side vibration-damping pad end edge (203-1) is engaged with a vibration-damping pad slot (106) at the lower end of the prefabricated track plate (1), thereby achieving the vibration-damping pad layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1) being combined into one piece; The prefabricated track plate (1) is also provided with a reserved bolt hole (107), wherein the reserved bolt hole (107) is adjacent to the vibration-damping pad slot (106), and the vibration-damping pad layer (2) and the prefabricated track plate (1) can be bolted together by screwing a bolt into the reserved bolt hole (107).

6. The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration-damping prefabricated track structure is arranged on the arc-shaped shield segment (6); The prefabricated track plate (1) is provided with two parallel steel rails (5), and each steel rail (5) is fixed to the prefabricated track plate (1) via a plurality of fasteners; The prefabricated track slab (1) further comprises a rail support platform (101), wherein the rail support platform (101) is used for placing the steel rail (5).

7. A construction method for a vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support, used for constructing the vibration-damping prefabricated track structure with unloadable support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step S1: transport the prefabricated track slab to a designated location, and roughly lay the prefabricated track slab on the laid arc shield segment; Step S2: fine-adjust the laying position of the prefabricated track slab by a fine-adjusting vehicle, and install a wedge-shaped support block in the reserved guide groove of the prefabricated track slab under the prefabricated track slab. Before installing the wedge-shaped support block, unload the pipe in the wedge-shaped support block and screw the bolt between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar so that the distance between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar is greater than 0; Step S3: grouting material is poured through the prefabricated track slab grouting holes to form a grouting layer, and the grouting layer is cured until the grouting layer reaches the design strength; Step S4: screwing the bolt out from between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar through the unloading tube in the wedge-shaped support block, so that the distance between the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar is equal to 0, and the support cap in the wedge-shaped support block falls back into the support cap groove, and the wedge-shaped support block cancels the support for the vibration-damping pad and the prefabricated track plate; Step S5: Concrete the ballast bed drainage ditches at both ends of the filling layer, and lay and install the rails and fasteners on the prefabricated track slabs.

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