Cementing Quality Evaluation Method and Apparatus Based on Orthogonal Dipole Acoustic Logging

Abstract

The present application discloses a cementing quality evaluation method and device based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging, the method comprising: respectively obtaining the first waveform data and the second waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals; determining the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data; simulating and obtaining the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model; calculating and obtaining the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate; and correcting and processing the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data. In the above manner, the target cementing quality evaluation data equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation index obtained based on the target logging instrument can be obtained according to the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging data processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of well logging technology, and in particular to a cementing quality evaluation method, device, computing equipment, computer storage medium and computer program product based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging. Background Art

[0002] The orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument combines the monopole full-wave measurement technology with the cross-dipole processing technology, so that it can not only measure the slowness of the formation longitudinal wave, shear wave and Stoneley wave, but also perform dipole wave measurement in soft formations. At the same time, the cross-dipole wave measurement data is also one of the best methods to provide formation anisotropy. This instrument is widely used in cable open hole well measurement and has a wide range of applications in oil and gas exploration and development. Traditional cement bonding measurement instruments (including CBL logging instruments and VDL logging instruments) mainly measure the amplitude of casing waves and evaluate the cementing quality based on the amplitude. Traditional cement bonding measurement instruments and cementing quality evaluation standards are still widely used.

[0003] At present, with the increase of offshore development wells and adjustment wells, there is an urgent need to apply orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instruments to cased wells to measure the acoustic velocity behind the casing. In order to reduce the measurement cost and improve the operation time efficiency, it is hoped that the cementing quality can be evaluated through a single measurement and the measurement effect of the traditional cement bonding measurement instrument can be achieved. However, the source distance of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument is much larger than the source distance of the traditional cement bonding measurement instrument, and the measurement effect of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument cannot be equivalent to that of the traditional cement bonding measurement instrument.

[0004] The prior art calculates the amplitude of the signal received by the array receiver and then extracts the attenuation of the signal to evaluate the cementing quality. However, the prior art method is difficult to process and inefficient, and it is impossible to directly use the existing cementing quality evaluation standards to evaluate the measurement data of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed to provide a cementing quality evaluation method, apparatus, computing device, computer storage medium and computer program product based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging is provided, comprising:

[0007] Respectively acquiring first waveform data and second waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals;

[0008] Determining an actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data;

[0009] The theoretical attenuation rate of casing wave in the free casing model is obtained by simulation;

[0010] According to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate, the initial cementing quality evaluation data is calculated;

[0011] According to the distance between the transmitting transducers, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate, the initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data.

[0012] Optionally, determining the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data further includes:

[0013] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a first time window in the first waveform data to obtain a first casing wave amplitude;

[0014] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the second time window in the second waveform data to obtain the second casing wave amplitude;

[0015] The actual attenuation rate is calculated according to the first sleeve wave amplitude, the second sleeve wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0016] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0017] Determine the casing wave start time according to the first waveform data to obtain the start time of the first time window; determine the end time of the first time window according to the start time of the first time window and a preset number of waveform cycles;

[0018] The casing wave start time is determined according to the second waveform data to obtain the start time of the second time window; and the end time of the second time window is determined according to the start time of the second time window and a preset number of waveform cycles.

[0019] Optionally, simulating and obtaining a theoretical attenuation rate of casing waves in a free casing model further includes:

[0020] The simulation parameter information of the free casing model is set, and a numerical simulation method is used to obtain first simulation waveform data and second simulation waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals respectively;

[0021] The theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is determined according to the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data.

[0022] Optionally, setting the simulation parameter information of the free casing model further includes:

[0023] According to the density of water, the casing medium material density and the cement sheath medium material density in the simulation parameter information of the free casing model are set.

[0024] Optionally, determining the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model according to the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data further includes:

[0025] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a third time window in the first simulated waveform data to obtain a first simulated casing wave amplitude;

[0026] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the fourth time window in the second simulated waveform data to obtain the second simulated casing wave amplitude;

[0027] The theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is calculated according to the first simulated casing wave amplitude, the second simulated casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present application, a cementing quality evaluation device based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging is provided, comprising:

[0029] An acquisition module, used to respectively acquire first waveform data and second waveform data received by a target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals;

[0030] A first calculation module, used to determine the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data;

[0031] A simulation module is used to simulate and obtain the theoretical attenuation rate of casing waves in a free casing model;

[0032] The second calculation module is used to calculate and obtain initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate;

[0033] The correction module is used to correct the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data.

[0034] Optionally, the first computing module is further configured to:

[0035] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a first time window in the first waveform data to obtain a first casing wave amplitude;

[0036] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the second time window in the second waveform data to obtain the second casing wave amplitude;

[0037] The actual attenuation rate is calculated according to the first sleeve wave amplitude, the second sleeve wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0038] Optionally, the first computing module is further configured to:

[0039] Determine the casing wave start time according to the first waveform data to obtain the start time of the first time window; determine the end time of the first time window according to the start time of the first time window and a preset number of waveform cycles;

[0040] The casing wave start time is determined according to the second waveform data to obtain the start time of the second time window; and the end time of the second time window is determined according to the start time of the second time window and a preset number of waveform cycles.

[0041] Optionally, the simulation module is further configured to:

[0042] The simulation parameter information of the free casing model is set, and the numerical simulation method is used to obtain the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals respectively; according to the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data, the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is determined.

[0043] Optionally, the simulation module is further used to: set the casing medium material density and the cement sheath medium material density in the simulation parameter information of the free casing model according to the density of water.

[0044] Optionally, the simulation module is further configured to:

[0045] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a third time window in the first simulated waveform data to obtain a first simulated casing wave amplitude;

[0046] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the fourth time window in the second simulated waveform data to obtain the second simulated casing wave amplitude;

[0047] The theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is calculated according to the first simulated casing wave amplitude, the second simulated casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0048] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computing device, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0049] The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the above-mentioned cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging.

[0050] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer storage medium is provided, wherein at least one executable instruction is stored in the storage medium, and the executable instruction enables a processor to execute operations corresponding to the above-mentioned cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging.

[0051] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction enables a processor to execute operations corresponding to the above-mentioned cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging.

[0052] According to the cementing quality evaluation method, device, computing equipment, computer storage medium and computer program product based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by the embodiments of the present application, first waveform data and second waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals are respectively obtained; the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing is determined according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data; the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is simulated and obtained; initial cementing quality evaluation data is calculated according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate; the initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data. Through the above method, target cementing quality evaluation data equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data of the target logging instrument can be obtained based on the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging data processing, so that the cementing quality evaluation standard corresponding to the target logging instrument can be used to realize cementing quality evaluation, and there is no need to additionally formulate cementing quality evaluation standards for the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument. When the target logging instrument is a traditional cement bonding measurement instrument, the existing cementing quality evaluation standard can be directly used to carry out cementing quality evaluation, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of cementing quality evaluation and expand the application scope of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument in cased wells.

[0053] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0055] Figure 1A flow chart of a cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0056] Figure 2 A flow chart of a cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by another embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0057] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument is shown;

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional CBL logging instrument is shown;

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a post-casing logging scenario is shown;

[0060] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing a first simulation waveform and a second simulation waveform in an example;

[0061] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a short-source-distance casing wave curve and a long-source-distance casing wave curve measured under different cementation indices is shown;

[0062] Figure 8 A graph showing the casing wave amplitude following the change in cementation index;

[0063] Fig. 9 A graph showing the change of CBL value following the cementation index in the example;

[0064] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the process of data processing in an example is shown;

[0065] Fig.11 A functional structure diagram of a cementing quality evaluation device based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0066] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present application and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0068] Figure 1A flow chart of a cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The method of the embodiment of the present application is used to process data collected by an orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument, which includes a near monopole transmitting transducer, a far monopole transmitting transducer, and a receiver array including multiple receivers.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step S110 , respectively acquiring first waveform data and second waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals.

[0071] The target receiver refers to any receiver in the receiver array. The first waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer transmits the signal is obtained, and the second waveform data received by the target receiver when the far monopole transmitting transducer transmits the signal is obtained. The first waveform data and the second waveform data both record the correlation between time and waveform amplitude. The waveform amplitude represents the intensity of the sound wave signal when it returns to the target receiver after being reflected by the inner wall of the casing.

[0072] Step S120, determining the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the distance between the transmitting transducers according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data.

[0073] The transmitting transducer spacing refers to the distance between the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer. The actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing is calculated through the first waveform data and the second waveform data.

[0074] Step S130, simulating and obtaining the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model.

[0075] Among them, the free casing model is a theoretical model. In the free casing model, there is no effective bonding between the casing and the external medium (cement sheath and formation), which means that the casing can move freely in the wellbore without being affected by external pressure or friction.

[0076] For the same orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument and target receiver, the numerical simulation method is used to simulate the theoretical attenuation rate of casing wave in the free casing model.

[0077] Step S140, calculating and obtaining initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate.

[0078] Among them, the cementing quality evaluation data is specifically the CBL (Cement Bond Log) value. The CBL value is an indicator for evaluating cementing quality obtained by calculating the logging data. It is specifically calculated based on the actual measured casing wave amplitude and the casing wave amplitude in the completely uncemented case (i.e., the free casing model case). The casing wave amplitude is related to the casing wave attenuation rate. Therefore, the cementing quality evaluation data can be calculated based on the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate.

[0079] Since the actual attenuation rate is calculated based on the logging data of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument, the spacing between the transmitting transducers of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument is not consistent with the source spacing of the target logging instrument. Therefore, the initial cementing quality evaluation data calculated based on the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate cannot be equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data obtained based on the target logging instrument, and further correction is required.

[0080] Step S150, correcting the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data.

[0081] The initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected to obtain target cementing quality evaluation data, which is equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data obtained according to the target logging instrument. Subsequently, the cementing quality evaluation standard corresponding to the target logging instrument can be directly used to evaluate the cementing quality.

[0082] If the target logging instrument is a traditional CBL logging instrument, its corresponding cementing quality evaluation data is the CBL value, and the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging data is processed by the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the CBL value finally obtained is equivalent to the CBL value obtained based on the traditional CBL logging instrument, then the existing CBL cementing quality evaluation standard can be directly used to realize cementing quality evaluation.

[0083] By looping the above steps S110 to S150, target cementing quality evaluation data of each depth measurement point is obtained, and finally a cementing quality evaluation data curve can be obtained.

[0084] In summary, according to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by this embodiment, the signal received by the target receiver when the long-distance and short-distance transmitting transducers of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument transmit signals is used to obtain the actual casing wave attenuation rate, and the casing wave attenuation rate of the free casing model calculated theoretically is combined to further calculate the initial cementing quality evaluation data, and then the initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data of the target logging instrument, so that the cementing quality evaluation standard corresponding to the target logging instrument can be used to realize the cementing quality evaluation, without the need to additionally formulate the cementing quality evaluation standard for the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument. When the target logging instrument is a traditional cement bonding measurement instrument, the existing cementing quality evaluation standard can be directly used to perform cementing quality evaluation, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of cementing quality evaluation and expand the application scope of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument in cased wells.

[0085] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by another embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0086] Step S210 , respectively acquiring first waveform data and second waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals.

[0087] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument is shown. The orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument includes a near monopole transmitting transducer T1 and a far monopole transmitting transducer T2 and 8 receivers (receivers R1-R8). The distance between the near monopole transmitting transducer T1 and the far monopole transmitting transducer T2 (i.e., the transmitting transducer spacing) is 3.25 ft (feet), the distance between the near monopole transmitting transducer T1 and the receiver R1 is 8.5 ft, and the distance between two adjacent receivers is 0.5 ft. The target receiver may refer to the receiver R1 that is closest to the near monopole transmitting transducer T1.

[0088] Step S220, performing a maximum amplitude search process on the data in the first time window of the first waveform data to obtain the first casing wave amplitude; performing a maximum amplitude search process on the data in the second time window of the second waveform data to obtain the second casing wave amplitude.

[0089] The first time window covers the time period when the casing wave arrives, and similarly, the second time window covers the time period when the casing wave arrives. Since the casing wave is the first strong reflection signal to reach the receiver, searching for the maximum amplitude in the first time window will obtain the first casing wave amplitude, and searching for the maximum amplitude in the second time window will obtain the second casing wave amplitude.

[0090] Specifically, the start time of the casing wave is determined according to the first waveform data to obtain the start time of the first time window; the end time of the first time window is determined according to the start time of the first time window and the preset number of waveform cycles. For the first waveform data, the first wave position, i.e., the start position of the casing wave, is first found to obtain the start time of the first time window, and the interval between the end time and the start time of the first time window is the preset number of waveform cycles, which may be two waveform cycles or three waveform cycles.

[0091] Similarly, the start time of the casing wave is determined according to the second waveform data to obtain the start time of the second time window; the end time of the second time window is determined according to the start time of the second time window and the preset number of waveform cycles. For the second waveform data, the first wave position, i.e., the start position of the casing wave, is first found to obtain the start time of the second time window. The interval between the end time and the start time of the second time window is the preset number of waveform cycles, which may be two waveform cycles or three waveform cycles.

[0092] Step S230, calculating the actual attenuation rate according to the first sleeve wave amplitude, the second sleeve wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0093] Specifically, the calculation formula for the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing is as follows:

[0094] (1);

[0095] in, It represents the actual attenuation rate of the sleeve wave at the distance between the transmitting transducers, AMP1 represents the amplitude of the first sleeve wave, AMP2 represents the amplitude of the second sleeve wave, and D represents the distance between the transmitting transducers.

[0096] Step S240, setting simulation parameter information of the free casing model, using a numerical simulation method to obtain first simulation waveform data and second simulation waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals respectively; determining the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model based on the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data.

[0097] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the post-casing logging scene is shown, and the structures from outside to inside are: formation 1, cement sheath 2, casing 3, and wellbore 4. The orthogonal dipole acoustic logging tool is placed vertically in the wellbore, and two monopole transmitting transducers work to generate casing waves in the casing, which are received by each receiver.

[0098] For the same orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument, a numerical simulation method is used to simulate the first simulated waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer transmits a signal in the free casing model and the second simulated waveform data received by the target receiver when the far monopole transmitting transducer transmits a signal. Then, based on the first simulated waveform data and the second simulated waveform data, the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is obtained.

[0099] The simulation parameter information of the free casing model includes fluid parameter information, casing parameter information, cement ring parameter information and formation parameter information. Specifically, the casing medium material density and cement ring medium material density in the simulation parameter information of the free casing model are set according to the density of water. For example, the medium materials filled in the casing and cement ring are both fluids, and the fluid density is consistent with the water density.

[0100] Table 1 shows the simulation parameter information of the free casing model in an example. In this example, the filling materials in the casing and the cement sheath are both water.

[0101] Table 1

[0102]

[0103] The simulation parameter information such as the P- and S-wave velocities, density and size of the fluid, casing, cement sheath and formation corresponding to the free casing model is input, and the theoretical waveform of the free casing model is calculated by the numerical simulation method to obtain the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data received by the target receiver. Then, the attenuation rate of the casing wave is calculated according to the waveform data as mentioned above to obtain the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model.

[0104] Specifically, the data in the third time window of the first simulated waveform data is subjected to a maximum amplitude search process to obtain the first simulated casing wave amplitude; the data in the fourth time window of the second simulated waveform data is subjected to a maximum amplitude search process to obtain the second simulated casing wave amplitude; according to the first simulated casing wave amplitude, the second simulated casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing, the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is calculated. The third time window covers the time period when the casing wave arrives, and the fourth time window covers the time period when the casing wave arrives.

[0105] It should be noted that the implementation method for determining the third and fourth time windows is consistent with the implementation method for determining the first and second time windows. The method for calculating the theoretical attenuation rate based on the first simulated casing wave amplitude, the second simulated casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing is consistent with the method for calculating the actual attenuation rate based on the first casing wave amplitude, the second casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing, which will not be elaborated here.

[0106] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the first simulation waveform and the second simulation waveform in the example is shown, wherein the first simulation waveform is drawn according to the first simulation waveform data, and the second simulation waveform is drawn according to the second simulation waveform data, the waveform at which the casing wave arrives earlier is the first simulation waveform, and the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model can be calculated based on the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data.

[0107] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the short-source-distance casing wave curve and the long-source-distance casing wave curve measured under different cementation indices is shown. The black waveform curve is the short-source-distance casing wave curve drawn according to the first waveform data, and the red waveform curve is the long-source-distance casing wave curve drawn according to the second waveform data. It can be seen from the figure that the short-source-distance casing wave has an earlier arrival time than the long-source-distance casing wave due to its short propagation distance, and the short-source-distance casing wave amplitude is greater than the long-source-distance casing wave amplitude.

[0108] Figure 8 The curve graph of casing wave amplitude following the change of cementation index shows that as the cementation index increases, the long source distance casing wave amplitude (i.e., the second casing wave amplitude) and the short source distance casing wave amplitude (i.e., the first casing wave amplitude) gradually decrease. According to the long source distance casing wave amplitude and the short source distance casing wave amplitude under different cementation indexes, the casing wave attenuation rate under different cementation indexes can be calculated.

[0109] Step S250, calculating and obtaining initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate.

[0110] Among them, the cementing quality evaluation data is specifically the CBL value, and its theoretical value is the ratio of the actual casing wave amplitude to the casing wave amplitude in the free casing model. The calculation method is to divide the actual casing wave amplitude by the casing wave amplitude in the free casing model, and then convert the quotient obtained by the division into a percentage.

[0111] Among them, the formula for calculating the initial cementing quality evaluation data based on the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate is derived as follows:

[0112] First, the theoretical calculation method of the casing wave amplitude measured by the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging tool in the cased well is as follows:

[0113] (2);

[0114] in, represents the casing wave amplitude, P represents the sound source emission intensity of the transmitting transducer, C represents the acoustic coupling coefficient when the sound wave signal is incident on the casing and then received by the receiver, S represents the receiver sensitivity, It represents the propagation length of the sound wave in the casing, and ATTN is the casing wave attenuation rate.

[0115] Secondly, according to formula (2), the calculation formulas for the actual measured casing wave amplitude and the casing wave amplitude in the free casing model are derived as follows:

[0116] (3);

[0117] (4);

[0118] in, Indicates the actual measured casing wave amplitude, It represents the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the distance between the transmitting transducers. represents the casing wave amplitude in the free casing model, represents the theoretical attenuation rate of casing wave in the free casing model, Indicates the distance between transmitting transducers.

[0119] It should be noted that the parameters of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument must be kept consistent during numerical simulation and actual logging. The parameters include the sound source emission intensity of the transmitting transducer, the acoustic coupling coefficient when the acoustic wave signal is incident on the casing and then received by the receiver, the receiver sensitivity, etc.

[0120] Then, according to formula (3), formula (4) and the theoretical calculation formula of CBL value, the initial cementing quality evaluation data is derived: The calculation formula is as follows:

[0121] (5).

[0122] Thus, the calculation formula for calculating the initial cementing quality evaluation data based on the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate is obtained. The actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate are substituted into formula (5) for calculation, and the calculation result is the initial cementing quality evaluation data.

[0123] Step S260, correcting the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source spacing of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data.

[0124] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional CBL logging tool is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, it includes a transmitting transducer (ie, the transmitting transducer T3 in the figure) and four waveform receivers (ie, waveform receivers R C 1. …R C 4) The source distance of the logging tool can refer to the distance between the transmitting transducer T3 and the nearest waveform receiver R C 1, generally 3ft.

[0125] According to formula (5), when the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate are known, a cementing quality evaluation data can be calculated. However, since the actual attenuation rate is obtained based on the logging data analysis of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument, the transmitting transducer spacing of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument is not consistent with the source spacing of the target logging instrument. Therefore, the initial cementing quality evaluation data calculated by formula (5) cannot be equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data obtained based on the target logging instrument, and the initial cementing quality evaluation data needs to be further corrected.

[0126] Specifically, the calculation method of the target cementing quality evaluation data is as follows:

[0127] (6);

[0128] in, represents the target cementing quality evaluation data, represents the initial cementing quality evaluation data, It represents the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the distance between the transmitting transducers. Indicates the distance between the transmitting transducers, Indicates the source distance of the target logging tool.

[0129] Fig. 9 A graph showing the change of CBL value with cementation index in the example is shown. Under different cementation indexes, a traditional CBL logging instrument is used for logging, and the CBL value is obtained based on the logging data analysis, and then the red curve in the figure is drawn; under different cementation indexes, an orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument is used for logging, and the logging data is processed according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the black curve in the figure is drawn based on the processing results.

[0130] Fig.10The schematic diagram of the data processing process in the example is shown, the first track 81 is the first waveform curve and the first wave arrival time curve (drawn according to the first waveform data of each depth measurement point); the second track 82 is the second waveform curve and the first wave arrival time curve (drawn according to the second waveform data of each depth measurement point); the third track 83 is the formation P-wave time difference curve and quality control image extracted by the second waveform data; the fourth track 84 is the formation P-wave time difference curve; the fifth track 85 is the casing wave attenuation rate extracted by the first waveform data and the second waveform data received by the first receiver signal; the sixth track 86 is the CBL comparison, the CBL curve is drawn according to the CBL value of each depth measurement point, the CBL value of each depth measurement point in the NFCBL curve (i.e., the black curve in the sixth track 86) is obtained by the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the CBL value of each depth measurement point in the CBL3 curve (i.e., the blue curve in the sixth track 86) is obtained based on the measurement data of the traditional CBL logging instrument. It can be seen from the figure that the CBL curve obtained by the method of the embodiment of the present application is in good agreement with the CBL curve obtained by the traditional method. In general, there is good consistency in the depths of good bonding, average bonding, and poor bonding.

[0131] In the existing technology, long-source-distance acoustic logging technology cannot eliminate the impact of the inconsistency of array receivers. At the same time, due to the long source distance of long-source-distance acoustic waves, the casing wave is severely attenuated in the well section with good cementing quality. Therefore, the signal amplitude of the farther receiver is particularly low, even lower than the noise signal, which brings great challenges to the accurate use of array attenuation. In addition, the method based on the joint calculation of attenuation based on long and short source distances cannot match the current cementing quality evaluation standards.

[0132] In summary, according to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by this embodiment, the actual casing wave attenuation rate is obtained by using the signal received by the target receiver when the long-distance and short-distance transmitting transducers of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument transmit signals, and the casing wave attenuation rate of the free casing model calculated theoretically is combined to further calculate the initial cementing quality evaluation data, and then the initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data of the target logging instrument, so that the cementing quality evaluation standard corresponding to the target logging instrument can be used to implement the cementing quality evaluation. The existing cementing quality evaluation can be performed without the need to formulate additional cementing quality evaluation standards for orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instruments; further, when the target logging instrument is a traditional cement bond measurement instrument, the existing cementing quality evaluation standards can be directly used for cementing quality evaluation, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of cementing quality evaluation, and can achieve the evaluation effect of traditional CBL logging instruments through a single orthogonal dipole acoustic measurement, thereby expanding the application scope of orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instruments in cased wells, and can achieve the same CBL cementing quality evaluation effect without measuring CBL.

[0133] Fig.11 The functional structure diagram of the cementing quality evaluation device based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.11 As shown, the device comprises:

[0134] An acquisition module 91 is used to respectively acquire first waveform data and second waveform data received by a target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals;

[0135] A first calculation module 92, for determining an actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data;

[0136] A simulation module 93, used for simulating and obtaining a theoretical attenuation rate of casing waves in a free casing model;

[0137] The second calculation module 94 is used to calculate and obtain initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate;

[0138] The correction module 95 is used to correct the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data.

[0139] In an optional manner, the first calculation module 92 is further configured to:

[0140] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a first time window in the first waveform data to obtain a first casing wave amplitude;

[0141] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the second time window in the second waveform data to obtain the second casing wave amplitude;

[0142] The actual attenuation rate is calculated according to the first sleeve wave amplitude, the second sleeve wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0143] In an optional manner, the first calculation module 92 is further configured to:

[0144] Determine the casing wave start time according to the first waveform data to obtain the start time of the first time window; determine the end time of the first time window according to the start time of the first time window and a preset number of waveform cycles;

[0145] The casing wave start time is determined according to the second waveform data to obtain the start time of the second time window; and the end time of the second time window is determined according to the start time of the second time window and a preset number of waveform cycles.

[0146] In an optional manner, the simulation module 93 is further used for:

[0147] The simulation parameter information of the free casing model is set, and a numerical simulation method is used to obtain first simulation waveform data and second simulation waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals respectively;

[0148] The theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is determined according to the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data.

[0149] In an optional manner, the simulation module 93 is further used for:

[0150] According to the density of water, the casing medium material density and the cement sheath medium material density in the simulation parameter information of the free casing model are set.

[0151] In an optional manner, the simulation module 93 is further used for:

[0152] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a third time window in the first simulated waveform data to obtain a first simulated casing wave amplitude;

[0153] Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the fourth time window in the second simulated waveform data to obtain the second simulated casing wave amplitude;

[0154] The theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is calculated according to the first simulated casing wave amplitude, the second simulated casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

[0155] In summary, according to the cementing quality evaluation device based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging provided by this embodiment, the signal received by the target receiver when the long-distance and short-distance transmitting transducers of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument transmit signals is used to obtain the actual casing wave attenuation rate, and the casing wave attenuation rate of the free casing model calculated theoretically is combined to further calculate the initial cementing quality evaluation data, and then the initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected to obtain the target cementing quality evaluation data equivalent to the cementing quality evaluation data of the target logging instrument, so that the cementing quality evaluation standard corresponding to the target logging instrument can be used to realize the cementing quality evaluation, without the need to additionally formulate the cementing quality evaluation standard for the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument. When the target logging instrument is a traditional cement bonding measurement instrument, the existing cementing quality evaluation standard can be directly used to perform cementing quality evaluation, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of cementing quality evaluation and expand the application scope of the orthogonal dipole acoustic logging instrument in cased wells.

[0156] An embodiment of the present application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium, which stores at least one executable instruction or computer program, which enables a processor to perform operations corresponding to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging in any of the above method embodiments.

[0157] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes at least one executable instruction or computer program, which can enable a processor to perform operations corresponding to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging in any of the above method embodiments.

[0158] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the specific embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the computing device.

[0159] like Fig.12 As shown, the computing device may include: a processor 1002 , a communication interface 1004 , a memory 1006 , and a communication bus 1008 .

[0160] Wherein: the processor 1002, the communication interface 1004, and the memory 1006 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1008. The communication interface 1004 is used to communicate with other devices such as a client or other server network elements. The processor 1002 is used to execute the program 1010, which can specifically execute the relevant steps in the embodiment of the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging for the computing device.

[0161] Specifically, the program 1010 may include program codes, which include computer operation instructions.

[0162] The processor 1002 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application. The one or more processors included in the computing device may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or may be processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0163] The memory 1006 is used to store the program 1010. The memory 1006 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0164] Program 1010 can be specifically used to enable processor 1002 to execute the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging in any of the above method embodiments. The specific implementation of each step in program 1010 can refer to the corresponding descriptions in the corresponding steps and units in the cementing quality evaluation embodiment based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging, which will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the above-described equipment and modules can refer to the corresponding process description in the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0165] The algorithm or display provided here are not inherently related to any specific computer, virtual system or other equipment. Various general systems can also be used together with the teaching based on this. According to the above description, it is obvious to construct the structure required for this type of system. In addition, the present application embodiment is not directed to any specific programming language yet. It should be understood that various programming languages ​​can be utilized to realize the content of the present application described here, and the above description of specific languages ​​is to disclose the best mode of implementation of the present application.

[0166] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0167] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present application and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the various features of the embodiments of the present application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: the claimed application requires more features than the features explicitly recited in each claim. More specifically, as reflected in the claims, the inventive aspects lie in less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above. Therefore, the claims that follow the specific embodiment are hereby expressly incorporated into the specific embodiment, with each claim itself serving as a separate embodiment of the present application.

[0168] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and further may be divided into a plurality of submodules or subunits or subcomponents. All features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed may be combined in any combination, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that provides the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0169] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

[0170] The various component embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that a microprocessor or a digital signal processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all functions of some or all components according to the embodiments of the present application. The present application may also be implemented as a device or apparatus program (e.g., a computer program and a computer program product) for executing part or all of the methods described herein. Such a program implementing the present application may be stored on a computer-readable medium, or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an Internet website, or provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0171] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate the present application rather than limit the present application, and that those skilled in the art may design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbol between brackets shall not be constructed as a limitation on the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "one" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements. The present application may be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim that lists several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, should not be understood as limitations on the order of execution.

Claims

1. A cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Respectively acquiring first waveform data and second waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals; Determining an actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data; The theoretical attenuation rate of casing wave in the free casing model is obtained by simulation; Calculating and obtaining initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate; According to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate, the initial cementing quality evaluation data is corrected to obtain target cementing quality evaluation data; Among them, the calculation method of the target cementing quality evaluation data is: ； in, represents the target cementing quality evaluation data, represents the initial cementing quality evaluation data, It represents the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the distance between the transmitting transducers. represents the distance between the transmitting transducers, Indicates the source distance of the target logging tool.

2. The cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Determining the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data further comprises: Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a first time window in the first waveform data to obtain a first casing wave amplitude; Performing maximum amplitude search processing on the data in the second time window of the second waveform data to obtain a second casing wave amplitude; The actual attenuation rate is calculated according to the first casing wave amplitude, the second casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

3. The cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the casing wave start time according to the first waveform data to obtain the start time of the first time window; determine the end time of the first time window according to the start time of the first time window and a preset number of waveform cycles; The casing wave start time is determined according to the second waveform data to obtain the start time of the second time window; and the end time of the second time window is determined according to the start time of the second time window and a preset number of waveform cycles.

4. The cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The simulation to obtain the theoretical attenuation rate of casing waves in the free casing model further includes: The simulation parameter information of the free casing model is set, and a numerical simulation method is used to obtain first simulation waveform data and second simulation waveform data received by the target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals respectively; The theoretical attenuation rate of casing waves in the free casing model is determined according to the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data.

5. The cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The simulation parameter information for setting the free casing model further includes: According to the density of water, the casing medium material density and the cement sheath medium material density in the simulation parameter information of the free casing model are set.

6. The cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging according to claim 4, It is characterized in that Determining the theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model according to the first simulation waveform data and the second simulation waveform data further comprises: Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a third time window in the first simulated waveform data to obtain a first simulated casing wave amplitude; Performing maximum amplitude search processing on data in a fourth time window in the second simulated waveform data to obtain a second simulated casing wave amplitude; The theoretical attenuation rate of the casing wave in the free casing model is calculated according to the first simulated casing wave amplitude, the second simulated casing wave amplitude and the transmitting transducer spacing.

7. A cementing quality evaluation device based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging, It is characterized in that The device comprises: An acquisition module, used to respectively acquire first waveform data and second waveform data received by a target receiver when the near monopole transmitting transducer and the far monopole transmitting transducer transmit signals; A first calculation module, used to determine an actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the transmitting transducer spacing according to the first waveform data and the second waveform data; A simulation module is used to simulate and obtain the theoretical attenuation rate of casing waves in a free casing model; A second calculation module is used to calculate initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the actual attenuation rate and the theoretical attenuation rate; A correction module, used for correcting the initial cementing quality evaluation data according to the transmitting transducer spacing, the source distance of the target logging instrument and the actual attenuation rate to obtain target cementing quality evaluation data; Among them, the calculation method of the target cementing quality evaluation data is: ； in, represents the target cementing quality evaluation data, represents the initial cementing quality evaluation data, It represents the actual attenuation rate of the casing wave at the distance between the transmitting transducers. represents the distance between the transmitting transducers, Indicates the source distance of the target logging tool.

8. A computing device, It is characterized in that include: A processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform operations corresponding to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer storage medium, It is characterized in that The storage medium stores at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, It is characterized in that The method comprises at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the cementing quality evaluation method based on orthogonal dipole acoustic logging as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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