A vegetation germplasm resource collection device and harvesting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of germplasm resource collection equipment, and specifically to a vegetation germplasm resource collection equipment and a harvesting method, comprising a silo, a threshing structure, a collecting structure, a mobile structure, a fixed structure, a replacement structure, a driving structure, a separating structure and an opening and closing structure; the collecting structure collects and stores different germplasm resources, and the collected germplasm resources are easy to carry, thereby improving the collection and storage effect of the germplasm resources; the threshing structure is driven by the driving structure, the germplasm resources are threshed by the threshing structure, and the seeds are separated from the residues by the separating structure; the silo is moved by the mobile structure, so that the transfer of the silo is easier and faster, and the silo is fixed on the ground by the mobile structure, thereby improving the stability of the silo when working; the filter screen is quickly installed and disassembled by the fixed structure, the tooth plate is quickly replaced by the replacement structure, and different types of germplasm resources are threshed by replacing the tooth plate and the filter screen, thereby improving the multifunctional practicality of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of germplasm resource collection equipment, in particular to a plant germplasm resource collection equipment and a harvesting method. Background Art

[0002] Germplasm resources are also called genetic resources. Germplasm refers to the genetic material passed from parent to offspring of an organism. It often exists in specific varieties. For example, ancient local varieties, newly cultivated promoted varieties, important genetic materials and wild related plants all fall within the scope of germplasm resources. When the genetic material of some planting resources is collected and harvested, it needs to be threshed by a thresher to separate the seeds from the vegetation.

[0003] However, when using traditional planting resource collection equipment, the threshed seeds are collected through a collection bucket or a collection basin. The collected seeds are inconvenient to carry and store. At the same time, the seeds are easy to jump out of the collection bucket or the collection basin during collection, which affects the seed collection effect; the filter screen and the tooth plate on the threshing equipment are mostly fixed by screws. When threshing is required according to different germplasm resources, the filter screen and the tooth plate need to be replaced. During replacement, multiple screws or bolts need to be repeatedly disassembled and tightened, and the efficiency of installing and replacing the filter screen and the tooth plate is low; when the threshing equipment is moved to a suitable position, the equipment is supported only by the supporting legs. When the equipment works on uneven ground, the stability is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a vegetation germplasm resource collection device and a harvesting method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a vegetation germplasm resource collection device, including a silo, a threshing structure arranged on the silo, a collecting structure arranged on the silo, a fixing structure arranged on the silo, and a replacement structure arranged on the threshing structure;

[0006] The collecting structure includes a connecting plate and a slide rail, the bottom end of the silo is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slide rail, the bottom end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the collecting frame, the slide rail is slidably connected to a slide plate, the slide rail is provided with a plurality of material discharge holes, the slide plate is provided with a plurality of slots, the slide plate is provided with a plurality of limit slots, the material discharge holes, the slots and the limit slots are all concentrically arranged, a limit ring is engaged with the limit slot, a fixed block is fixedly connected to the limit ring, a plurality of guide rods are fixedly connected to the slide plate, the guide rods are slidably connected to the fixed block, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the slide plate and the fixed block, a plurality of fixing rods are fixedly connected to the slide plate, and the fixed block is slidably connected to the fixing rod.

[0007] Specifically, a hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the slide rail, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the slide plate. The threshing structure includes a feeding pipe and a separation cylinder. The feeding port of the silo is connected with a feeding pipe, and the end of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the separation cylinder. The bottom end of the separation cylinder is fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve, and the interior of the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve. A shift rod is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve, and the shift rod is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve. A plurality of fixed shafts are fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the fixed shaft. The outer sleeve of the fixed shaft is provided with a first spring, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve and the sliding sleeve.

[0008] Specifically, the hopper is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a first swivel seat, the first swivel seat is fixedly connected with four crushing rods, the ends of the four crushing rods are slidably connected with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is fixedly connected with four guide shafts, the four guide shafts are slidably connected with a threshing barrel, the threshing barrel is installed with four tooth plates through a replacement structure, the threshing barrel is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, four connecting rods are fixedly connected with the fixing plate, the four connecting rods are externally wrapped and fixedly connected with rotating blades, the connecting rods are fixedly connected with a throwing plate, the ends of the four connecting rods are fixedly connected with a second swivel seat, the second swivel seat is rotatably connected to the hopper, the hopper is rotatably connected with a cover, the cover is provided with a feed hopper, the inside of the cover is fixedly connected with two sets of tooth blocks, and the inside of the hopper is installed with a filter screen through a fixed structure.

[0009] Specifically, a movable structure is provided at the bottom end of the silo, and the movable structure includes support legs and reinforcing rods fixedly connected to the support legs. Four support legs are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the silo, two of which are rotatably connected to wheels, and a reinforcing rod is fixedly connected between the other two support legs. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support legs, a threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and an insert rod is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve. A pressing plate is slidably connected to the reinforcing rod, a connecting strip is fixedly connected to the pressing plate, two clipping strips are fixedly connected to the connecting strip, and a plurality of clip grooves in a circumferential array are provided on the rotating shaft, and the clipping strip is engaged with the clip grooves. A guide strip is fixedly connected to the inside of the reinforcing rod, and the connecting strip is slidably connected to the guide strip. A second spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide strip, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting strip and the reinforcing rod.

[0010] Specifically, the fixed structure includes a card block and a fixed bar, four card blocks are slidably connected to the silo, two adjacent card blocks are fixedly connected to a fixed bar, four card sleeves are fixedly connected to the filter screen, an inclined driving block is fixedly connected to the fixed bar, an anti-slip rod with a T-shaped cross-section is fixedly connected to the fixed bar, the anti-slip rod is slidably connected to the silo, a third spring is fixedly connected between the anti-slip rod and the silo, and two driving wheels are fixedly connected to the machine cover.

[0011] Specifically, the replacement structure includes a screw and a rotating block. The mounting plate is rotatably connected to the screw, the end of the screw is fixedly connected to the rotating block, the screw is threadedly connected to the threshing barrel, the mounting plate and the fixed plate are both provided with fixing grooves, and the tooth plate is engaged with the fixing grooves.

[0012] Specifically, a driving structure is provided at the bottom end of the silo, and the driving structure includes a support plate and a motor fixedly connected to the support plate. The bottom end of the silo is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the motor and the end of the connecting shaft are fixedly connected to a pulley, and the two pulleys are driven by a belt.

[0013] Specifically, a separation structure is provided on the silo, and the separation structure includes a blower and an air duct. The bottom end of the silo is fixedly connected to the blower, one side of the blower is fixedly connected to the air duct, and one end of the air duct is connected to the separation cylinder.

[0014] Specifically, the silo is provided with an opening and closing structure, which includes a mounting shaft and a bolt rotatably connected to the mounting shaft. The silo is rotatably connected to two mounting shafts, the ends of the bolts are threadedly connected with nuts, and the machine cover is provided with two notches, and the bolts are engaged with the notches.

[0015] A method for harvesting a plant germplasm resource collection device comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Move the silo to the location where germplasm resources need to be collected through a mobile structure, then fix the silo through the mobile structure, and fix multiple collection bags on the collection structure;

[0017] S2: When collecting germplasm resources, the driving structure and the separation structure are started, the driving structure drives the threshing structure to operate, the germplasm resources are threshed by the threshing structure in the silo, the residues after threshing are separated from the germplasm resources by the separation structure, and the separated germplasm resources are collected by the collection bag fixed by the collection structure;

[0018] S3: When different kinds of seeds need to be collected, the device can be opened through the opening and closing structure, and different threshing components can be replaced through the fixing structure and the replacement structure to thresh different seeds.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The vegetation germplasm resource collection device and harvesting method described in the present invention has a collection structure at the bottom of the silo, through which different germplasm resources are collected and stored. The collected germplasm resources are easy to carry, and the collection is stable during unloading, and seeds are not easy to leak, thereby improving the collection and storage effect of germplasm resources.

[0021] (2) The vegetation germplasm resource collection equipment and harvesting method described in the present invention comprises a threshing structure inside the silo, and a driving structure and a separation structure are provided on the silo. The threshing structure is driven by the driving structure, and the germplasm resources are threshed by the threshing structure. The seeds and residues are separated by the separation structure, and then the cleaner seeds are collected by threshing.

[0022] (3) In the vegetation germplasm resource collection device and harvesting method described in the present invention, a movable structure is provided at the bottom of the silo. The silo is moved by the movable structure, making the transfer of the silo easier and faster. At the same time, the silo can be fixed on the ground by the movable structure, thereby improving the stability of the silo during operation.

[0023] (4) The vegetation germplasm resource collection equipment and harvesting method described in the present invention has a fixed structure on the silo, an opening and closing structure on the silo, and a replacement structure on the mounting plate. The filter screen can be quickly installed and removed through the fixed structure, and the tooth plate can be quickly replaced through the replacement structure. Different types of germplasm resources can be threshed by replacing the tooth plate and the filter screen, thereby improving the multifunctional practicality of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of a vegetation germplasm resource collection device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of section A is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support leg and the reinforcing rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part B is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the card strip and the card slot of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the silo and the fixed structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of the C-section structure is shown;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the silo and the separation structure of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 An enlarged schematic diagram of the D-section structure is shown;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the feed pipe and the separation cylinder of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the threshing cylinder and the tooth plate of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12 for Fig.11 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part E is shown;

[0037] Fig.13 for Fig.12 The enlarged schematic diagram of the F part structure is shown.

[0038] In the figure: 1, silo; 2, threshing structure; 201, connecting shaft; 202, first rotating seat; 203, crushing rod; 204, mounting plate; 205, guide shaft; 206, threshing cylinder; 207, tooth plate; 208, fixing plate; 209, connecting rod; 210, rotating blade; 211, throwing plate; 212, feeding pipe; 213, separation cylinder; 214, machine cover; 215, feeding hopper; 216, tooth block; 217, filter screen; 218, second rotating seat; 3, collecting structure; 301, connecting plate; 302, slide rail; 303, collecting frame; 304, slide plate; 305, hydraulic rod; 306, feeding hole; 307, slot; 308, limit groove; 309, limit ring; 310, fixing block; 311, guide rod; 312, tension spring; 313, fixing rod; 314, fixing sleeve; 315, sliding sleeve; 316, lever; 317, Fixed shaft; 318, first spring; 4, moving structure; 401, supporting leg; 402, reinforcing rod; 403, wheel; 404, rotating shaft; 405, threaded sleeve; 406, plug rod; 407, pressing plate; 408, connecting strip; 409, clamping strip; 410, clamping groove; 411, guide strip; 412, second spring; 5, fixed structure; 501, clamping block; 502, fixed strip; 503, clamping sleeve; 504, Anti-drop rod; 505, third spring; 506, drive block; 507, drive wheel; 6, replacement structure; 601, screw; 602, rotating block; 603, fixing groove; 7, driving structure; 701, support plate; 702, motor; 703, pulley; 8, separation structure; 801, blower; 802, air duct; 9, opening and closing structure; 901, mounting shaft; 902, bolt; 903, nut; 904, notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the vegetation germplasm resource collection device of the present invention comprises a silo 1, a threshing structure 2 arranged on the silo 1, a collecting structure 3 arranged on the silo 1, a fixing structure 5 arranged on the silo 1, and a replacement structure 6 arranged on the threshing structure 2;

[0041] The collecting structure 3 comprises a connecting plate 301 and a slide rail 302. The bottom end of the silo 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 301, the slide rail 302 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 301, the bottom end of the connecting plate 301 is fixedly connected to a collecting frame 303, the slide rail 302 is slidably connected to a slide plate 304, the slide plate 304 is provided with a plurality of material discharge holes 306, the slide plate 304 is provided with a plurality of slots 307, and the slide plate 304 is provided with a plurality of limit grooves 303. 08, the feed hole 306, the slot 307 and the limit groove 308 are all concentrically arranged, the limit groove 308 is engaged with a limit ring 309, the limit ring 309 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 310, the slide plate 304 is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide rods 311, the guide rods 311 are slidably connected with the fixed block 310, a tension spring 312 is fixedly connected between the slide plate 304 and the fixed block 310, and the slide plate 304 is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixed rods 313, the fixed block 310 is slidably connected to the fixed rod 313; a hydraulic rod 305 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 302, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 305 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 304. The threshing structure 2 includes a feeding pipe 212 and a separation cylinder 213. The feeding port of the silo 1 is connected with the feeding pipe 212, and the end of the feeding pipe 212 is fixedly connected to the separation cylinder 213. The bottom end of the separation cylinder 213 is fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve 314, and the interior of the fixed sleeve 314 is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve 315. A lever 316 is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 315, and the lever 316 is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve 314. A plurality of fixed shafts 317 are fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed sleeve 314, and the sliding sleeve 315 is slidably connected to the fixed shaft 317. The outer sleeve of the fixed shaft 317 is provided with a first spring 318, and the two ends of the first spring 318 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 314 and the sliding sleeve 315;The bag mouth 308 is then lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 309 is in a state of being lifted up and the bag 316 drives the sliding sleeve 315 to rise, the first spring 318 contracts, and the setting of the fixed shaft 317 improves the stability of the sliding of the sliding sleeve 315, and at the same time prevents the first spring 318 from running off. After the sliding sleeve 315 rises, the hydraulic rod 305 is started, and the hydraulic rod 305 extends to drive the slide plate 304 to slide on the slide rail 302, and then slide the slide plate 304 to the bottom end of the separation cylinder 213, and then release the lever 316, the first spring 318 resets, and then drives the sliding sleeve 315 to slide downward, and the sliding sleeve 315 is then inserted into the slot 307 position, and then the inner wall of the collection bag is fixed, and the seeds flow into the interior of the collection bag through the sliding sleeve 315. When the collection bag is full, the lever 316 and the fixed block 310 can be slid, and then the collection bag is tied and placed in the collection frame 303 at the bottom end of the connecting plate 301. It is relatively stable when collecting seed samples, and seed leakage is avoided. ;

[0042] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12As shown, the silo 1 is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft 201, the connecting shaft 201 is fixedly connected with a first rotating seat 202, the first rotating seat 202 is fixedly connected with four crushing rods 203, the ends of the four crushing rods 203 are slidably connected with a mounting plate 204, the mounting plate 204 is fixedly connected with four guide shafts 205, the four guide shafts 205 are slidably connected with a threshing cylinder 206, the threshing cylinder 206 is installed with four tooth plates 207 through a replacement structure 6, the threshing cylinder 206 is fixedly connected with a fixing plate 208, and the fixing plate 208 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 208. 08 is fixedly connected with four connecting rods 209, the outside of the four connecting rods 209 is fixedly connected with a rotating blade 210, the connecting rod 209 is fixedly connected with a throwing plate 211, the ends of the four connecting rods 209 are fixedly connected with a second rotating seat 218, the second rotating seat 218 is rotatably connected with the silo 1, the silo 1 is rotatably connected with a cover 214, the cover 214 is provided with a feed hopper 215, the inside of the cover 214 is fixedly connected with two groups of gear blocks 216, and the inside of the silo 1 is installed with a filter screen 217 through a fixed structure 5;

[0043] The bottom end of the silo 1 is provided with a driving structure 7, and the driving structure 7 includes a support plate 701 and a motor 702 fixedly connected to the support plate 701. The bottom end of the silo 1 is fixedly connected to the support plate 701, and the motor 702 and the end of the connecting shaft 201 are both fixedly connected with a pulley 703, and the two pulleys 703 are driven by a belt.

[0044] The silo 1 is provided with a separation structure 8, and the separation structure 8 includes a blower 801 and an air duct 802. The bottom end of the silo 1 is fixedly connected with the blower 801, and one side of the blower 801 is fixedly connected with the air duct 802, and one end of the air duct 802 is connected with the separation cylinder 213. When threshing seeds, the motor 702 and the blower 801 on the support plate 701 are started. When the blower 801 is running, the air inside the air duct 802 is sucked away, so that the inside of the air duct 802 is in a negative pressure state. After the motor 702 is started, it drives the pulley 703 at the end to rotate, and the pulley 703 drives the pulley 703 at the end of the connecting shaft 201 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting shaft 201 to rotate, and the rotation of the connecting shaft 201 drives the first rotating seat 202 and the crushing rod 203. , the mounting plate 204, the threshing cylinder 206, the fixing plate 208, the connecting rod 209, the rotating blades 210, the throwing plate 211 and the second rotating seat 218 rotate, and the germplasm resources to be threshed are put into the feed hopper 215 on the machine cover 214, and the seeds and straw are fed through the crushing rod 203, and the threshing is carried out by the rotation, collision and extrusion of the threshing cylinder 206, the tooth plate 207 and the tooth block 216. The residue and seeds after threshing are fed by the rotating blades 210, and finally thrown into the inside of the discharge pipe 212 by the throwing plate 211, and the mixed seeds and residues enter the separation cylinder 213 from the discharge pipe 212, and the heavier seeds fall into the collecting bag. The residue is lighter and will be sucked away by the air duct 802, thereby realizing the separation of seeds and residues and completing the seed threshing mobile process.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a mobile structure 4 is provided at the bottom end of the silo 1, and the mobile structure 4 includes a support leg 401 and a reinforcing rod 402 fixedly connected to the support leg 401. The bottom end of the silo 1 is fixedly connected to four support legs 401, two of which are rotatably connected to wheels 403, and a reinforcing rod 402 is fixedly connected between the other two support legs 401. A rotating shaft 404 is rotatably connected to the support leg 401, and a threaded sleeve 405 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 404. A plug rod 406 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 405, and a pressing plate 406 is slidably connected to the reinforcing rod 402. 7. The pressing plate 407 is fixedly connected with a connecting strip 408, and two clamping strips 409 are fixedly connected with the connecting strip 408. The rotating shaft 404 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 410 in a circumferential array, and the clamping strips 409 are engaged with the clamping grooves 410. A guide strip 411 is fixedly connected to the interior of the reinforcing rod 402, and the connecting strip 408 is slidably connected with the guide strip 411. The outer sleeve of the guide strip 411 is provided with a second spring 412, and the two ends of the second spring 412 are fixedly connected with the connecting strip 408 and the reinforcing rod 402 respectively; when the silo 1 needs to be moved, the pressing plate at the bottom of the reinforcing rod 402 can be pressed. 407, the pressing plate 407 drives the connecting strip 408 to slide, the second spring 412 is compressed, the connecting strip 408 drives the card strip 409 to slide, the card strip 409 slides and no longer engages with the card slot 410 on the rotating shaft 404, at this time, the rotating shaft 404 and the threaded sleeve 405 can be rotated, the insertion rod 406 is rotated to a horizontal state, and then the pressing plate 407 is released, the second spring 412 is reset, and the connecting strip 408 and the card strip 409 are reset, and the card strip 409 re-engages the card slot 410, and then the L-shaped part at the end of the insertion rod 406 is held, the end of the silo 1 is lifted, and the silo 1 is moved with the wheel 403. When the silo 1 moves to the designated position After being placed, the insertion rod 406 can be rotated according to the hardness of the soil. The insertion rod 406 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 405, thereby adjusting the length of the insertion rod 406 that can be inserted into the ground. When the insertion rod 406 is rotated, pay attention to keeping the L-shaped end of the insertion rod 406 facing the side away from the silo 1, and then rotate the pressing plate 407, rotate the shaft 404 to make the insertion rod 406 in a vertical state, then release the pressing plate 407 to fix the shaft 404, and then insert the insertion rod 406 into the soil, thereby improving the stability of the silo 1 during operation. The setting of the guide bar 411 improves the sliding stability of the connecting bar 408 and prevents the second spring 412 from running off.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the fixed structure 5 includes a block 501 and a fixed bar 502, the silo 1 is slidably connected with four blocks 501, two adjacent blocks 501 are fixedly connected with a fixed bar 502, the filter screen 217 is fixedly connected with four sleeves 503, the fixed bar 502 is fixedly connected with an inclined driving block 506, the fixed bar 502 is fixedly connected with an anti-slip rod 504 with a T-shaped cross section, the anti-slip rod 504 is slidably connected with the silo 1, a third spring 505 is fixedly connected between the anti-slip rod 504 and the silo 1, and the cover 214 is fixedly connected with two driving wheels 507;

[0047] The replacement structure 6 includes a screw 601 and a rotating block 602. The screw 601 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 204, and the rotating block 602 is fixedly connected to the end of the screw 601. The screw 601 is threadedly connected to the threshing cylinder 206. The mounting plate 204 and the fixed plate 208 are both provided with a fixing groove 603, and the tooth plate 207 is engaged with the fixing groove 603.

[0048] The silo 1 is provided with an opening and closing structure 9, which includes a mounting shaft 901 and a bolt 902 rotatably connected to the mounting shaft 901. The silo 1 is rotatably connected with two mounting shafts 901, and the ends of the bolts 902 are threadedly connected with nuts 903. The machine cover 214 is provided with two notches 904, and the bolts 902 are engaged with the notches 904. When the filter 217 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to open the machine cover 214 and pull out the filter 217. After replacing the new filter 217, when closing the machine cover 214, the driving wheel 507 on the machine cover 214 will conflict with the driving block 506. 6 is tilted, the two driving wheels 507 will drive the two driving blocks 506 to slide towards each other, thereby driving the fixing bar 502 to slide, and the fixing bar 502 drives the card block 501 to engage with the card sleeve 503 on the filter screen 217, and at the same time, the anti-drop rod 504 slides, and the third spring 505 is compressed, thereby fixing the filter screen 217, ensuring the stability of the filter screen 217 during the threshing process. When the machine cover 214 is opened, the machine no longer threshes, and at the same time, the driving wheel 507 no longer conflicts with the driving block 506. At this time, the third spring 505 resets, driving the anti-drop rod 504 and the fixing bar 502 to reset, thereby driving the card block 501 to no longer engage with the filter screen 217 The sleeve 503 can replace the filter screen 217 at will. At the same time, the setting of the drive block 506 and the third spring 505 can buffer the opening and closing of the machine cover 214, thereby improving the comfort and smoothness of the opening and closing of the machine cover 214. When opening the machine cover 214, it is only necessary to rotate the nut 903 so that the nut 903 does not conflict with the machine cover 214, and then the bolt 902 can be rotated so that it does not engage with the notch 904. When closing the machine cover 214, the bolt 902 is rotated to the position of the notch 904, and the nut 903 is locked. When the tooth plate 207 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to rotate the rotating block 602, and the rotation of the rotating block 602 drives the screw 601 to rotate. The screw 601 rotates and drives the mounting plate 204 to slide on the crushing rod 203. The setting of the guide shaft 205 improves the sliding stability and transmission effect of the mounting plate 204. After the mounting plate 204 slides, the fixed groove 603 on the mounting plate 204 is no longer engaged with the four tooth plates 207. At this time, the tooth plates 207 can be pulled out and replaced in sequence from the fixed groove 603 on the fixed plate 208. After replacing the tooth plate 207, the rotating block 602 is rotated to drive the screw 601 to rotate, so that the mounting plate 204 cooperates with the fixed groove 603 on the fixed plate 208 to cooperate with the fixed tooth plate 207, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the filter screen 217 and the tooth plate 207.

[0049] A method for harvesting a plant germplasm resource collection device comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1: Move the silo 1 to the location where germplasm resources need to be collected through the mobile structure 4, then fix the silo 1 through the mobile structure 4, and fix multiple collection bags on the collection structure 3;

[0051] S2: When collecting germplasm resources, the driving structure 7 and the separation structure 8 are started, the driving structure 7 drives the threshing structure 2 to operate, the germplasm resources are threshed in the silo 1 by the threshing structure 2, the residues after threshing and the germplasm resources are separated by the separation structure 8, and the separated germplasm resources are collected by the collection bag fixed by the collection structure 3;

[0052] S3: When different kinds of seeds need to be collected, the device can be opened through the opening and closing structure 9, and different threshing components can be replaced through the fixing structure 5 and the replacement structure 6 to thresh different seeds.

[0053] The bag mouth of the collecting bag is then put on the limiting ring 309, and the limiting ring 309 is engaged with the limiting groove 308 again, thereby preliminarily fixing the bag mouth of the collecting bag. The setting of the guide rod 311 and the fixing rod 313 improves the sliding stability of the fixing block 310 and prevents the deviation of the tension spring 312. When collecting seeds, the sliding rod 314 and the fixing rod 313 are arranged to improve the sliding stability of the fixing block 310 and prevent the deviation of the tension spring 312. 6. The lever 316 drives the sleeve 315 to rise, the first spring 318 contracts, and the setting of the fixed shaft 317 improves the stability of the sliding of the sleeve 315 and prevents the first spring 318 from running off. After the sleeve 315 rises, the hydraulic rod 305 is started, and the hydraulic rod 305 is extended to drive the slide plate 304 to slide on the slide rail 302, and then the slide plate 304 slides to the bottom end of the separation cylinder 213, and then the lever 316 is released, the first spring 318 is reset, and then the sleeve 315 is driven to slide downward, and the sleeve 315 is then inserted into the slot 307 position, and then the inner wall of the collection bag is fixed, and the seeds flow into the interior of the collection bag through the sleeve 315. When the collection bag is full, the lever 316 and the fixed block 310 can be slid, and then the collection bag is tied and placed in the collection frame 303 at the bottom of the connecting plate 301. It is relatively stable when collecting seed samples and avoids seed leakage.

[0054] When threshing seeds, the motor 702 and the blower 801 on the support plate 701 are started. When the blower 801 is running, the air inside the air duct 802 is sucked away, so that the inside of the air duct 802 is in a negative pressure state. After the motor 702 is started, it drives the pulley 703 at the end to rotate, and the pulley 703 drives the pulley 703 at the end of the connecting shaft 201 to rotate, and then drives the connecting shaft 201 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting shaft 201 drives the first rotating seat 202, the crushing rod 203, the mounting plate 204, the threshing cylinder 206, the fixing plate 208, the connecting rod 209, the rotating blade 210, the throwing plate 211 and the second rotating seat 2 18 rotates, and the germplasm resources that need to be threshed are put into the feed hopper 215 on the machine cover 214. The seeds and straw are fed through the crushing rod 203, and the threshing is carried out by the rotation, collision and extrusion of the threshing cylinder 206, the tooth plate 207 and the tooth block 216. The residues and seeds after threshing are fed by the rotating blades 210, and finally thrown into the inside of the discharge pipe 212 by the throwing plate 211. The mixed seeds and residues enter the separation cylinder 213 from the discharge pipe 212. The heavier seeds fall into the collection bag, and the lighter residues will be sucked away by the air duct 802, so that the seeds and residues are separated, and the seed threshing mobile process is completed;

[0055] When it is necessary to move the silo 1, the pressing plate 407 at the bottom end of the reinforcing rod 402 can be pressed, and the pressing plate 407 drives the connecting strip 408 to slide, the second spring 412 is compressed, and the connecting strip 408 drives the clamping strip 409 to slide, and the clamping strip 409 slides and no longer engages with the clamping groove 410 on the rotating shaft 404. At this time, the rotating shaft 404 and the threaded sleeve 405 can be rotated to rotate the insertion rod 406 to a horizontal state, and then the pressing plate 407 is released, and the second spring 412 is reset, driving the connecting strip 408 and the clamping strip 409 to reset, and the clamping strip 409 re-engages the clamping groove 410, and then the L-shaped part at the end of the insertion rod 406 is held, and the end of the silo 1 is lifted, and the wheel 403 is used to move the silo 1. Bin 1, when the silo 1 is moved to the specified position, the insertion rod 406 can be rotated according to the hardness of the soil, and the insertion rod 406 is threadedly connected with the threaded sleeve 405, thereby adjusting the length of the insertion rod 406 that can be inserted into the ground. When the insertion rod 406 is rotated, pay attention to keep the L-shaped end of the insertion rod 406 facing the side away from the silo 1, and then rotate the pressing plate 407, rotate the shaft 404 to make the insertion rod 406 in a vertical state, and then release the pressing plate 407 to fix the shaft 404, and then insert the insertion rod 406 into the soil, thereby improving the stability of the silo 1 during operation. The setting of the guide bar 411 improves the stability of the sliding of the connecting bar 408 and prevents the second spring 412 from running off;

[0056] When the filter 217 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to open the machine cover 214 and pull out the filter 217. After replacing the new filter 217, when closing the machine cover 214, the driving wheel 507 on the machine cover 214 will contact the driving block 506. Since the driving block 506 is tilted, the two driving wheels 507 will drive the two driving blocks 506 to slide toward each other, thereby driving the fixing bar 502 to slide. The fixing bar 502 drives the card block 501 to engage with the card sleeve 503 on the filter 217. At the same time, the anti-drop rod 504 slides, and the third spring 505 is compressed. The filter screen 217 is then fixed, ensuring the stability of the filter screen 217 during the threshing process. When the machine cover 214 is opened, the machine no longer threshes, and at the same time, the driving wheel 507 no longer conflicts with the driving block 506. At this time, the third spring 505 resets to drive the anti-drop rod 504 and the fixing bar 502 to reset, thereby driving the clamping block 501 to no longer engage the clamping sleeve 503 on the filter screen 217. At this time, the filter screen 217 can be replaced at will. At the same time, the setting of the driving block 506 and the third spring 505 can buffer the opening and closing of the machine cover 214, thereby improving the stability of the machine. The cover 214 opens and closes comfortably and smoothly. When opening the cover 214, it is only necessary to rotate the nut 903 so that the nut 903 does not interfere with the cover 214, and then the bolt 902 can be rotated so that it does not engage with the notch 904. When closing the cover 214, the bolt 902 is rotated to the notch 904 position and the nut 903 is locked. When the tooth plate 207 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to rotate the rotating block 602. The rotation of the rotating block 602 drives the screw 601 to rotate. The rotation of the screw 601 drives the mounting plate 204 to slide on the crushing rod 203, and the guide shaft The setting of 205 improves the sliding stability and transmission effect of the mounting plate 204. After the mounting plate 204 slides, the fixed groove 603 on the mounting plate 204 no longer engages with the four tooth plates 207. At this time, the tooth plates 207 can be pulled out and replaced in turn from the fixed groove 603 on the fixed plate 208. After the tooth plate 207 is replaced, the rotating block 602 is rotated to drive the screw 601 to rotate, so that the mounting plate 204 cooperates with the fixed groove 603 on the fixed plate 208 to cooperate with the fixed tooth plate 207, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the filter screen 217 and the tooth plate 207.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0058] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A plant germplasm resource collection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a silo (1), wherein a threshing structure (2) is provided on the silo (1), a collecting structure (3), a moving structure (4) and a driving structure (7) are provided at the bottom end of the silo (1), a fixing structure (5) and a separating structure (8) are also provided on the silo (1), and a replacement structure (6) is provided on the threshing structure (2); The collecting structure (3) comprises a connecting plate (301) and a slide rail (302); the bottom end of the silo (1) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (301); the connecting plate (301) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (302); the bottom end of the connecting plate (301) is fixedly connected to the collecting frame (303); the slide rail (302) is slidably connected to a slide plate (304); a plurality of material discharge holes (306) are provided on the slide plate (304); a plurality of slots (307) are provided on the slide plate (304); a plurality of limit grooves (308) are provided on the slide plate (304); the material discharge holes (306) The slot (307) and the limit slot (308) are all concentrically arranged; a limit ring (309) is engaged with the limit slot (308); a fixed block (310) is fixedly connected to the limit ring (309); a plurality of guide rods (311) are fixedly connected to the slide plate (304); the guide rods (311) are slidably connected to the fixed block (310); a tension spring (312) is fixedly connected between the slide plate (304) and the fixed block (310); a plurality of fixed rods (313) are fixedly connected to the slide plate (304); and the fixed block (310) is slidably connected to the fixed rods (313).

2. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic rod (305) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (302), and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (305) is fixedly connected to the slide plate (304). The threshing structure (2) comprises a feed pipe (212) and a separation cylinder (213). The feed port of the silo (1) is connected to the feed pipe (212), and the end of the feed pipe (212) is fixedly connected to the separation cylinder (213). The bottom end of the separation cylinder (213) is fixedly connected to a fixing sleeve (314), and the interior of the fixing sleeve (314) is fixedly connected to the separation cylinder (213). A sliding sleeve (315) is connected, a lever (316) is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (315), the lever (316) is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve (314), a plurality of fixed shafts (317) are fixedly connected inside the fixed sleeve (314), the sliding sleeve (315) is slidably connected to the fixed shaft (317), a first spring (318) is provided on the outside of the fixed shaft (317), and two ends of the first spring (318) are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve (314) and the sliding sleeve (315).

3. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo (1) is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (201), the connecting shaft (201) is fixedly connected to a first rotating seat (202), the first rotating seat (202) is fixedly connected to four crushing rods (203), the ends of the four crushing rods (203) are slidably connected to a mounting plate (204), the mounting plate (204) is fixedly connected to four guide shafts (205), the four guide shafts (205) are slidably connected to a threshing barrel (206), the threshing barrel (206) is installed with four tooth plates (207) via a replacement structure (6), the threshing barrel (206) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (208), the fixing plate (208 ) is fixedly connected to four connecting rods (209), the outside of the four connecting rods (209) is wrapped and fixedly connected to a rotating blade (210), the connecting rods (209) are fixedly connected to a throwing plate (211), the ends of the four connecting rods (209) are fixedly connected to a second rotating seat (218), the second rotating seat (218) is rotatably connected to the silo (1), the silo (1) is rotatably connected to a machine cover (214), the machine cover (214) is provided with a feed hopper (215), the inside of the machine cover (214) is fixedly connected to two groups of gear blocks (216), and the inside of the silo (1) is installed with a filter screen (217) through a fixed structure (5).

4. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile structure (4) comprises support legs (401) and reinforcing rods (402) fixedly connected to the support legs (401); the bottom end of the silo (1) is fixedly connected to four support legs (401); two of the support legs (401) are rotatably connected to wheels (403); a reinforcing rod (402) is fixedly connected between the other two support legs (401); a rotating shaft (404) is rotatably connected to the support legs (401); a threaded sleeve (405) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (404); a plug rod (406) is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (405); a pressing rod (406) is slidably connected to the reinforcing rod (402); The pressing plate (407) is fixedly connected to a connecting strip (408), and two clamping strips (409) are fixedly connected to the connecting strip (408). The rotating shaft (404) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (410) in a circumferential array, and the clamping strips (409) are engaged with the clamping grooves (410). The interior of the reinforcing rod (402) is fixedly connected to a guide strip (411), and the connecting strip (408) is slidably connected to the guide strip (411). A second spring (412) is sleeved on the exterior of the guide strip (411), and the two ends of the second spring (412) are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting strip (408) and the reinforcing rod (402).

5. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing structure (5) comprises a clamping block (501) and a fixing bar (502); four clamping blocks (501) are slidably connected to the silo (1); two adjacent clamping blocks (501) are fixedly connected to fixing bars (502); four clamping sleeves (503) are fixedly connected to the filter screen (217); an inclined driving block (506) is fixedly connected to the fixing bar (502); an anti-slip rod (504) with a T-shaped cross section is fixedly connected to the fixing bar (502); the anti-slip rod (504) is slidably connected to the silo (1); a third spring (505) is fixedly connected between the anti-slip rod (504) and the silo (1); and two driving wheels (507) are fixedly connected to the machine cover (214).

6. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The replacement structure (6) comprises a screw rod (601) and a rotating block (602); the screw rod (601) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (204); the end of the screw rod (601) is fixedly connected to the rotating block (602); the screw rod (601) is threadedly connected to the threshing barrel (206); the mounting plate (204) and the fixed plate (208) are both provided with a fixing groove (603); and the tooth plate (207) is engaged with the fixing groove (603).

7. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving structure (7) comprises a support plate (701) and a motor (702) fixedly connected to the support plate (701); the bottom end of the silo (1) is fixedly connected to the support plate (701); the motor (702) and the end of the connecting shaft (201) are both fixedly connected to a pulley (703); and the two pulleys (703) are driven by a belt.

8. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation structure (8) comprises a blower (801) and an air duct (802); the bottom end of the silo (1) is fixedly connected to the blower (801); one side of the blower (801) is fixedly connected to the air duct (802); one end of the air duct (802) is in communication with the separation cylinder (213).

9. The vegetation germplasm resource collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The silo (1) is provided with an opening and closing structure (9), the opening and closing structure (9) comprising a mounting shaft (901) and a bolt (902) rotatably connected to the mounting shaft (901), the silo (1) is rotatably connected to two mounting shafts (901), the ends of the bolts (902) are threadedly connected to nuts (903), the machine cover (214) is provided with two notches (904), and the bolts (902) are engaged with the notches (904).

10. A method for harvesting vegetation germplasm resources according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Move the silo (1) to a location where germplasm resources need to be collected by means of a mobile structure (4), then fix the silo (1) by means of the mobile structure (4), and fix a plurality of collection bags on the collection structure (3); S2: When collecting germplasm resources, the driving structure (7) and the separation structure (8) are started, the driving structure (7) drives the threshing structure (2) to operate, the germplasm resources are threshed in the silo (1) by the threshing structure (2), the residue after threshing and the germplasm resources are separated by the separation structure (8), and the separated germplasm resources are collected by the collection bag fixed by the collection structure (3); S3: When it is necessary to collect different kinds of seeds, the device can be opened through the opening and closing structure (9), and different threshing components can be replaced through the fixing structure (5) and the replacement structure (6) to thresh different seeds.

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