A rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device and a rare earth metal electrolysis system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rare earth electrolysis equipment, and discloses a rare earth electrolysis smoke purification and separation device and a rare earth metal electrolysis system, comprising a separation box, wherein the bottom of the separation box is provided with a smoke inlet pipe; a first feed pipe is provided on the separation box; a plurality of air holes are provided on the side wall of the first feed pipe; a first discharge box is rotatably connected with an axle rod, and a spiral auger matched with the first feed pipe is provided on the side wall of the axle rod; a hollow shaft is rotatably connected in the separation box; a through hole is provided on the side wall of the hollow shaft located in the separation box; a plug is provided on the hollow shaft, and a smoke exhaust pipe is rotatably connected to the other end of the hollow shaft; the present application sets a multi-layer air-permeable first feed pipe, so that the reaction between oxides and HF gas can be carried out on the smoke flow path, and the flowing oxides and the low-flow-rate smoke produce barrier-type adsorption, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the oxides, achieving complete adsorption of HF gas, and the fluorine-containing oxides can be discharged in time, and the newly added oxides can be replenished in time, so that the use is more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to separation equipment, relates to the technical field of rare earth electrolysis, and particularly to a rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device and a rare earth metal electrolysis system. Background Art

[0002] At present, molten salt electrolysis has been widely used in large-scale production of rare earth metals and alloys. Its molten salt electrolyte is mainly a fluoride salt system, and the electrolysis temperature is as high as 1000 degrees or more. During the electrolysis process, a large amount of CO and CO2 will be generated at the anode. Especially under high temperature conditions, the fluoride salt electrolysis system will cause a large amount of fluorine-containing gas emissions, such as: H2O from raw materials and air will react with fluoride to generate HF gas, and a large amount of fluoride salt will volatilize at high temperature, which will pollute the atmospheric environment after emission.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 201310213175.6 discloses a desulfurization system for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the desulfurization system includes a cyclone separator, the upper part of the cyclone separator is connected to the upper part of the furnace of the boiler, the lower part of the cyclone separator is connected to the lower part of the furnace through a return pipe, wherein the return pipe has a desulfurizer inlet, and the desulfurizer inlet is located at the negative pressure position of the return pipe.

[0004] The Chinese patent application number 201610075074.0 discloses a rare earth electrolysis flue gas purification system and method. Rare earth electrolysis flue gas adopts a two-stage purification process, that is, the first stage is dry adsorption to remove fluorine, and the second stage is wet treatment to remove SO2. The dry adsorption uses special oxides for adsorption.

[0005] However, the fluidized bed is a reactor that uses flue gas to pass through a granular oxide layer, allowing the oxide particles to be in a suspended motion state and undergo a gas-solid phase reaction process. Due to the fast flow rate of the flue gas, the separation effect of the oxide is poor, and the HF gas cannot be completely adsorbed. The residual harmful gases will cause air pollution. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device and a rare earth metal electrolysis system to solve the problem that the high flow rate of the fume mentioned in the above background technology leads to poor separation effect of oxides.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a rare earth electrolytic smoke purification and separation device comprises a separation box, which is a cavity structure; a smoke inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the separation box; a plurality of supports are provided in the separation box, a bearing plate is provided on each layer of the supports, a smoke-passing gap is provided between adjacent bearing plates, and a first feed pipe is provided on the smoke-passing gap; the first feed pipe cooperates with the bearing plate so that the separation box forms a multi-layer chamber for separating smoke; both ends of the first feed pipe extend to the outside of the separation box, and a plurality of air holes are provided on the side wall of the first feed pipe located in the separation box, and the air holes are arranged around the circumferential direction; a first feed box is provided at one end of the first feed pipe, and a first feed pipe is provided on the first feed box, and a first feed pipe is provided on the first feed pipe The first material valve; the other end of the first feeding pipe is provided with a first discharge box, the first discharge box has a first discharge pipe, and the first discharge pipe is provided with a second valve; the first discharge box is rotatably connected with a shaft rod, the other end of the shaft rod is rotatably connected with the first feeding box, and the side wall of the shaft rod is provided with a spiral auger cooperating with the first feeding pipe; the transverse shaft rods are connected in series through a sprocket chain mechanism, and one of the shaft rods is driven by a first motor; a hollow shaft is rotatably connected in the separation box; the side wall of the hollow shaft located in the separation box is provided with through holes arranged at equal intervals; a plug is provided at one end of the hollow shaft, and the other end of the hollow shaft is rotatably connected with a smoke exhaust pipe, and the side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a pipe seat, and the pipe seat is provided with a support plate, and the support plate is connected to the separation box.

[0008] The first air collecting pipe is rotatably connected to the first sleeve, and the number of the first sleeves is two. The two first sleeves are provided with first connecting rods, one first connecting rod is arranged upward, and the other first connecting rod is arranged downward, and the first connecting rod is provided with a second sleeve; the side walls of the first smoke collecting pipe and the second smoke collecting pipe are provided with smoke flow ducts; the axis of the first connecting rod is provided with a smoke guiding flow duct, which runs through the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and the smoke guiding flow duct is opposite to the smoke flow duct; the second smoke collecting pipe is provided on the second sleeve, and the second smoke collecting pipe is provided with a second pipe joint, and the opposite second pipe joint is provided with a second swing pipe, and the side wall of the second swing pipe is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets; the second smoke collecting pipe on one side is connected to the third side pipe through a third hose, the third side pipe is arranged on the separation box, and the free end of the third side pipe is connected to the second feed box; the second smoke collecting pipe on the other side is connected to the fourth side pipe through a fourth hose, the fourth side pipe is arranged on the separation box, and the free end of the fourth side pipe is connected to the second feed box; the second smoke collecting pipe is provided with a tension spring, and the free end of the tension spring is connected to the separation box.

[0009] The driving part includes a machine base arranged on a support plate, the machine base is U-shaped, and a push rod is slidably connected to a horizontal section of the machine base, and the push rod is used to push the blocking rod to rotate, thereby driving the first swing tube to swing back and forth; there are two push rods, and a trapezoidal groove is provided on the side wall of the push rod, and the inclined surface of the trapezoidal groove is located at the top; a spring is sleeved on the side wall of the push rod, and the free end of the spring is against the bottom surface of the machine base; a guide groove is provided on the horizontal section of the machine base, and a sliding rod is slidably connected in the guide groove, and both ends of the sliding rod have trapezoidal heads, and the inclined surface of the trapezoidal head is slidably adapted to the trapezoidal groove; a tooth groove is provided in the middle section of the sliding rod, and a third gear is meshed on the tooth groove, and the third gear is driven by a fourth motor.

[0010] A rare earth metal electrolysis system using the rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device comprises an electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic fume generated by the electrolytic cell is collected in a main exhaust duct and then enters a cooling system for cooling; the cooled fume enters a bag filter for gas-solid separation, and then the dedusted fume enters a separation box, where the fume reacts with oxides to remove HF gas in the fume, wherein a Roots blower drives fluorine-containing oxides to circulate and adsorb in the separation box; the defluorinated fume enters a spray tower for desulfurization; the desulfurized fume enters a demisting tower for drying; and then the fume enters an activated carbon adsorption tower, and the purified fume is discharged through a chimney.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting a multi-layered air-permeable first feed pipe, the present application can carry out a reaction between oxides and HF gas on the flue gas flow path, and the flowing oxides and the low-flow flue gas produce barrier adsorption, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the oxides, and being able to achieve complete adsorption of HF gas, and the fluorine-containing oxides can be discharged in time, and the newly added oxides can be replenished in time, which is more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a side view structural diagram of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of this application.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the present application.

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing plate.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the spiral auger.

[0017] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first material conveying pipe.

[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the top cover.

[0019] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the air equalizing plate.

[0020] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the spherical cover.

[0021] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the feeding pipe.

[0022] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the second material conveying pipe.

[0023] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the blanking chute.

[0024] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the guide plate.

[0025] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide plate.

[0026] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the first swing tube.

[0027] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first smoke collecting tube.

[0028] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cam in the driving part.

[0029] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the cam.

[0030] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the second swing tube.

[0031] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second swing tube.

[0032] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the first connecting rod.

[0033] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the first sleeve.

[0034] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fourth material conveying pipe.

[0035] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the base in the driving part.

[0036] Fig.25 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the push rod.

[0037] Fig.26It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the push rod.

[0038] Fig. 27 Flow chart of rare earth metal electrolysis system.

[0039] In the figure: 1, separation box; 2, smoke inlet pipe; 3, support; 4, bearing plate; 5, smoke gap; 6, first feed pipe; 7, wing plate; 8, air hole; 9, first feed box; 10, first feed pipe; 11, first material valve; 12, first discharge box; 13, first discharge pipe; 14, second material valve; 15, shaft; 16, spiral auger; 17, sprocket chain mechanism; 18, first motor; 19, hollow shaft; 20, through hole; 21, plug; 22, smoke exhaust pipe; 23, pipe seat; 24, support plate; 25, square pipe section; 26, cone top; 27, cone bottom; 28, inspection port; 29, top cover; 30, air distribution plate; 31, air hole; 32 , branch pipe; 33, cover plate; 34, funnel pipe; 35, porous plate; 36, spherical cover; 37, rubber diaphragm; 38, conduit; 39, slider; 40, cylinder; 41, cylinder seat; 42, shaft tube; 43, first bevel gear; 44, fan blade; 45, support ring; 46, optical axis; 47, feeding hole; 48, feeding pipe; 49, nozzle; 50, second bevel gear; 51, U-shaped seat; 52, third bevel gear; 53, second motor; 54, sealed bearing; 55, shaft cover; 56, second feed pipe; 57, third feed pipe; 58, Roots blower; 59, drop chute; 60, guide plate; 61, protruding section; 62, recessed section; 63, drop material port; 64, first swing pipe; 65, smoke inlet; 66, first pipe joint; 67, first smoke collecting pipe; 68, first hose; 69, first side pipe; 70, second feed box; 71, second feed pipe; 72, third material valve; 73, second hose; 74, second side pipe; 75, second discharge box; 76, second discharge pipe; 77, fourth material valve; 78, blocking rod; 79, flange; 80, drive unit; 81, bearing seat; 82, short shaft; 83, cam; 84, first gear; 85, second gear; 86, third motor; 87, first bushing; 88, first connecting rod; 89, second bushing; 90, second smoke collecting pipe; 91, smoke flow channel; 92, smoke guide flow channel; 93, second pipe joint; 94, second swing pipe; 95, third hose; 96, third side pipe; 97, fourth hose; 98, fourth side pipe; 99, tension spring; 100, fourth feed pipe; 101, machine base; 102, push rod; 103, trapezoidal groove; 104, spring; 105, guide groove; 106, slide rod; 107, trapezoidal head; 108, tooth groove; 109, third gear; 110, fourth motor; 111, electrolytic cell; 112, main exhaust duct; 113, cooling system; 114, bag filter; 115, spray tower; 116, defog tower; 117, activated carbon adsorption tower; 118, chimney. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] like Figure 1 to Figure 6As shown, in the first embodiment, a rare earth electrolytic smoke purification and separation device comprises a separation box 1, which is a cavity structure; a smoke inlet pipe 2 is provided at the bottom of the separation box 1; a plurality of supports 3 are installed in the separation box 1, the supports 3 located in the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals, and the supports 3 located in the vertical direction are arranged at intervals, and a bearing plate 4 is fixed to the supports 3 of each layer by bolts, and the length of the bearing plate 4 can be adjusted for applicability according to the size of the separation box 1, and a smoke gap 5 is provided between adjacent bearing plates 4, and a first feed pipe 6 is installed on the smoke gap 5, and specifically, a wing plate 7 is provided on the first feed pipe 6, and the wing plate 7 is overlapped and connected with the bearing plate 4; the first feed pipe 6 cooperates with the bearing plate 4 so that the separation box 1 forms a multi-layer chamber for separating smoke; the inner hole shape of the first feed pipe 6 is circular, Both ends of the first feed pipe 6 extend to the outside of the separation box 1, and a plurality of air holes 8 are opened on the side wall of the first feed pipe 6 located in the separation box 1. The air holes 8 are arranged around the circumferential direction, and the aperture of the air holes 8 is smaller than the particle size of the oxide adsorbent. The adsorbent is composed of any one of aluminum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, samarium oxide, europium oxide, gadolinium oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium oxide, holmium oxide, erbium oxide, thulium oxide, ytterbium oxide, lutetium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide or rare earth mixed oxides, or a composite of two or more thereof; one end of the first feed pipe 6 is fixed with a first feed box 9 by bolts, and the preferred first feed box 9 supplies materials to all the first feed pipes 6, and the first feed box 9 has a first feed pipe 10, and the first feed pipe 10 is installed with a first A material valve 11, the first material valve 11 can prevent smoke from being discharged from the first feed box 9; the other end of the first delivery pipe 6 is fixed with a first discharge box 12 by bolts, and the preferred first discharge box 12 collects all the discharge materials of the first delivery pipe 6, and the first discharge box 12 has a first discharge pipe 13, and the first discharge pipe 13 is installed with a second material valve 14, and the second material valve 14 can prevent smoke from being discharged from the first discharge box 12; the first discharge box 12 is rotatably connected with a shaft rod 15, and the shaft rod 15 is located at the center of the first delivery pipe 6, and the other end of the shaft rod 15 is rotatably connected to the first feed box 9, and the side wall of the shaft rod 15 is connected with a spiral auger 16, and the spiral auger 16 is clearance-matched with the first delivery pipe 6, and the end of the spiral auger 16 is located between the first feed box 9 and the first A discharge box 12; a transverse shaft 15 is connected in series through a sprocket chain mechanism 17, one of the shafts 15 is driven by a first motor 18, and the first motor 18 is fixed to the first feed box 9; a hollow shaft 19 is rotatably connected in the separation box 1, and the hollow shaft 19 is located above the first feed pipe 6; both ends of the hollow shaft 19 extend out of the separation box 1, and a through hole 20 is opened on the side wall of the hollow shaft 19 located in the separation box 1, and the through hole 20 is used for the outflow of smoke, and the through holes 20 are preferably arranged at equal intervals; a plug 21 is threadedly connected to one end of the hollow shaft 19, and a smoke exhaust pipe 22 is rotatably connected to the other end of the hollow shaft 19, and a pipe seat 23 is connected to the side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 22, and a support plate 24 is connected to the pipe seat 23, and the support plate 24 is fixed to the separation box 1 by bolts;HF gas adsorption process: close the second material valve 14, open the first material valve 11 to add oxides into the first feed box 9, after the addition is completed, close the first material valve 11, start the first motor 18, drive the shaft 15 to rotate, and the spiral auger 16 transports the oxides to the first delivery pipe 6; when the flue gas enters the separation box 1 and then enters the first delivery pipe 6, the HF gas reacts with the oxides, and the spiral auger 16 can rotate forward and reverse during the adsorption process to allow the oxides to move and improve the adsorption effect. If the color of the oxides becomes darker after long-term use, open the first discharge box 12 to discharge the fluorine-containing oxides and replace them with new oxides; the present application sets a multi-layer permeable first delivery pipe 6, which can react with the oxides and HF gas on the flue gas flow path, and the flowing oxides and the low-flow flue gas produce barrier adsorption, which ensures the separation effect of the oxides, can achieve complete adsorption of HF gas, and the fluorine-containing oxides can be discharged in time, and the newly added oxides can be replenished in time, which is more convenient to use. ;

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the separation box 1 includes a square tube section 25, a cone top 26 arranged at the upper end of the square tube section 25, and a cone bottom 27 arranged at the lower end of the square tube section 25; the square tube section 25 is used to install the first feed pipe 6 and the hollow shaft 19; an inspection port 28 is opened on the cone top 26, and a top cover 29 is connected to the inspection port 28 by bolts; the cone bottom 27 is used to install the smoke inlet pipe 2.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the flue gas entering the separation box 1 will be concentrated and pass directly above the smoke inlet pipe 2, so that the adsorption effects of oxides in various parts are greatly different, an air equalizing plate 30 is installed in the separation box 1, and a plurality of air vents 31 are provided on the air equalizing plate 30. The air equalizing plate 30 is located below the first feed pipe 6 of the lowest layer. By setting the air equalizing plate 30, the flue gas is quickly dispersed after entering the separation box 1 from the smoke inlet pipe 2, ensuring that the oxides in various parts can adsorb HF gas.

[0047] like Fig. 9As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering the contact reaction of flue gas and oxide flow, it belongs to normal pressure adsorption, the separation box 1 is connected with a branch pipe 32, the branch pipe 32 is located at the gap between the adjacent bearing plates 4, the free end of the branch pipe 32 is connected with a cover plate 33, the cover plate 33 is connected with a funnel tube 34, the small diameter section of the funnel tube 34 is connected with a porous plate 35, the shape of the porous plate 35 is arc-shaped, and the convex surface of the porous plate 35 faces the large diameter section of the funnel tube 34; the small diameter end of the funnel tube 34 is connected with a spherical cover 36 through a flange, and the gap between the spherical cover 36 and the funnel tube 34 is installed There is a rubber diaphragm 37; a conduit 38 is connected to the spherical cover 36, the conduit 38 is communicated with the spherical cover 36, and a slider 39 is slidably connected in the conduit 38; the slider 39 is driven by a cylinder 40, and a cylinder seat 41 is connected to the cylinder 40, and the cylinder seat 41 is connected to the port of the conduit 38. The slider 39 is displaced by the cylinder 40, so that the rubber diaphragm 37 produces reciprocating motion, and then the pressure between adjacent supporting plates 4 produces intermittent changes, the oxide and HF gas are pressurized and adsorbed, thereby improving the adsorption effect of the oxide; wherein the porous plate 35 can limit the deformation degree of the rubber diaphragm 37.

[0048] like Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the smoke will be discharged after the first feed pipe 6 is adsorbed once, in order to improve the adsorption effect, the separation box 1 is rotatably connected with a shaft tube 42, specifically, the shaft tube 42 is located on the cone top 26, and the shaft tube 42 is arranged vertically; the shaft tube 42 located outside the separation box 1 is connected with a first bevel gear 43; the shaft tube 42 located inside the separation box 1 is connected with a fan blade 44, and a plurality of fan blades 44 are arranged at equal angles, and the free end of the fan blade 44 is connected with a support ring 45, and the fan blade 44 is used to stir the separation The flue gas in the separation box 1 is separated to slow down the outflow speed of the flue gas; an optical axis 46 is rotatably connected in the shaft tube 42, and a feeding hole 47 is opened on the top surface of the optical axis 46, and the feeding hole 47 does not penetrate the optical axis 46. A feeding pipe 48 is installed on the optical axis 46 in the separation box 1, and the feeding pipe 48 is connected to the feeding hole 47. The number of the feeding pipes 48 is at least 4, and a feeding nozzle 49 is installed on the feeding pipe 48. The rotation of the optical axis 46 makes the oxide fall into the separation box 1 in a spiral shape, and forms a secondary adsorption with the rising flue gas; the side wall of the optical axis 46 outside the separation box 1 A second bevel gear 50 is installed; a U-shaped seat 51 is installed on the separation box 1, the lower horizontal section of the U-shaped seat 51 is rotatably connected to the shaft tube 42, the upper horizontal section of the U-shaped seat 51 is rotatably connected to the optical axis 46, and the vertical section of the U-shaped seat 51 is rotatably connected to the third bevel gear 52, the third bevel gear 52 is driven by the second motor 53, and the second motor 53 is connected to the U-shaped seat 51; the third bevel gear 52 is meshed with the first bevel gear 43 and the second bevel gear 50, and the first bevel gear 43 and the second bevel gear 50 are driven by the third bevel gear 52 to generate a rotation direction Reverse rotation; the upper end of the optical axis 46 is connected to a shaft cover 55 through a sealed bearing 54, and the shaft cover 55 is connected to the U-shaped seat 51; the shaft cover 55 is connected to the first discharge pipe 13 through a second delivery pipe 56; the second delivery pipe 56 is connected to a third delivery pipe 57, and the free end of the third delivery pipe 57 is connected to a Roots blower 58. The feeding process: by setting the Roots blower 58, a low-pressure area is formed in the second delivery pipe 56, and the fluorine-containing oxide in the first discharge box 12 is drawn into the feeding hole 47, and then the fluorine-containing oxide falls from the nozzle 49.

[0049] like Figure 12~Figure 14 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering the collection problem of the fluorine-containing oxides falling into the separation box 1, a drop chute 59 is provided on the side wall of the topmost first feed pipe 6, and the area where the drop chute 59 is located is in the separation box 1. A guide plate 60 is connected to the drop chute 59, and the side of the guide plate 60 is against the inner wall of the separation box 1, so that all the fluorine-containing oxides fall on the top surface of the guide plate 60. The guide plate 60 has a protruding section 61 and a recessed section 62, and the protruding section 61 and the recessed section 62 are arranged at intervals. The recessed section 62 is provided with a drop opening 63 communicated with the drop chute 59; by setting the guide plate 60, the fluorine-containing oxides enter the first feed pipe 6, and then enter the first discharge box 12, thereby realizing the cyclic adsorption of the oxides.

[0050] like Figure 15~Figure 18 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the oxide is discharged after secondary adsorption with the flue gas, in order to improve the adsorption effect, the two ports of the through hole 20 are threadedly connected with a first swing tube 64, and the side wall of the first swing tube 64 is provided with a plurality of flue gas inlets 65, and the aperture of the flue gas inlet 65 is smaller than the particle size of the oxide; the free end of the first swing tube 64 is connected with a first pipe joint 66, and the first pipe joint 66 is connected with a first smoke collecting pipe 67, and the first smoke collecting pipe 67 connects all the first swing tubes 64 in series; the first smoke collecting pipe 67 on one side is connected with a first side pipe 69 through a first hose 68, and the first side pipe 69 is connected with a first side pipe 69 through a first hose 68. A hose 68 is a bellows, a first side pipe 69 is arranged on the separation box 1, a free end of the first side pipe 69 is connected to a second feed box 70, a second feed pipe 71 is connected to the second feed box 70, and a third valve 72 is installed on the side wall of the second feed pipe 71; the first smoke collecting pipe 67 on the other side is connected to a second side pipe 74 through a second hose 73, the second hose 73 is a bellows, the second side pipe 74 is arranged on the separation box 1, a free end of the second side pipe 74 is connected to a second discharge box 75, a second discharge box 75 is connected to a second discharge pipe 76, and a fourth valve 77 is installed on the side wall of the second discharge pipe 76; A blocking rod 78 is installed on the side wall of the hollow shaft 19 outside the separation box 1. The blocking rod 78 has two flanges 79, and the flanges 79 are parallel to the first swing tube 64. A driving part 80 is installed on the support plate 24, and the driving part 80 drives the blocking rod 78 to swing back and forth. The driving part 80 includes a bearing seat 81 connected to the support plate 24. The number of the bearing seats 81 is 2, and the two bearing seats 81 are symmetrically arranged. A short shaft 82 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 81, and a cam 83 is installed on the short shaft 82. The tips of the two cams 83 are opposite to each other. The cam 83 is used to drive the blocking rod 78 to rotate, thereby driving the first swing tube 64. 4 produces reciprocating swing; a first gear 84 is installed on the short shaft 82, and a second gear 85 is meshed between the two first gears 84. The second gear 85 is driven by a third motor 86, and the third motor 86 is connected to the support plate 24; adsorption process: the third material valve 72 and the fourth material valve 77 are closed, and the two first gears 84 are driven by the third motor 86 to rotate in opposite directions, and then the two cams 83 reciprocate to lift the blocking rod 78, so as to realize the reciprocating swing of the first swing tube 64. The swinging process causes the oxide and the HF gas to produce a third adsorption reaction, and then the purified flue gas is discharged from the hollow shaft 19.

[0051] like Figure 19 to Figure 22As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, considering that the pipeline of the first swing tube 64 is short and the path of the three adsorptions is short, a first sleeve 87 is rotatably connected to the first gas collecting pipe, and the number of the first sleeves 87 is 2. The two first sleeves 87 are connected to first connecting rods 88, one first connecting rod 88 is arranged upward, and the other first connecting rod 88 is arranged downward, and the first connecting rod 88 is connected to a second sleeve 89; the second sleeve 89 is connected to a second smoke collecting pipe 90, and side walls of the first smoke collecting pipe 67 and the second smoke collecting pipe 90 are provided with smoke flow channels 91; the axis of the first connecting rod 88 is provided with a smoke guide channel 92, which passes through the first sleeve 87 and the second sleeve 89, and the smoke guide channel 92 is opposite to the smoke flow channel 91; the second smoke collecting pipe 90 is connected to a second pipe joint 93, and the second pipe joint 93 on the opposite side is provided with a second pipe joint 93. A second swing tube 94 is connected, and a plurality of smoke inlets 65 are provided on the side wall of the second swing tube 94, and the aperture of the smoke inlet 65 is smaller than the particle size of the oxide; the second smoke collecting pipe 90 on one side is connected to a third side pipe 96 through a third hose 95, and the third hose 95 is a corrugated tube, and the third side pipe 96 is arranged on the separation box 1, and the free end of the third side pipe 96 is connected to the second feed box 70; the second smoke collecting pipe 90 on the other side is connected to a fourth side pipe 98 through a fourth hose 97, and the fourth hose 97 is a corrugated tube, and the fourth side pipe 98 is arranged on the separation box 1, and the free end of the fourth side pipe 98 is connected to the second feed box 70; a tension spring 99 is installed on the second smoke collecting pipe 90, and the free end of the tension spring 99 is connected to the separation box 1; by setting the second swing tube 94, the path of the three adsorptions is lengthened, and the adsorption effect is further improved.

[0052] like Fig.23 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the second discharge pipe 76 is connected to the fourth feed pipe 100, and the fourth feed pipe 100 is connected to the second feed pipe 56. The feeding process is: by setting the Roots blower 58, a low-pressure area is formed in the second feed pipe 56, and the fluorine-containing oxide in the second discharge box 75 is sucked into the feeding hole 47, and then the fluorine-containing oxide falls from the nozzle 49.

[0053] like Figure 24~Figure 26As shown, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a new driving unit 80 is proposed, the driving unit 80 includes a base 101 arranged on the support plate 24, the base 101 is in a U-shape, the horizontal section of the base 101 is slidably connected with a push rod 102, the push rod 102 is used to push the blocking rod 78 to rotate, and then drive the first swing tube 64 to swing back and forth; the number of push rods 102 is 2, the cross-sectional shape of the push rod 102 is T-shaped, the side wall of the push rod 102 is provided with a trapezoidal groove 103, the inclined surface of the trapezoidal groove 103 is located at the top; the side wall of the push rod 102 is sleeved with a spring 104, the free end of the spring 104 is against the bottom surface of the base 101; the water resistance of the base 101 A guide groove 105 is provided in the flat section, and a slide rod 106 is slidably connected in the guide groove 105. Both ends of the slide rod 106 have trapezoidal heads 107. The inclined surface of the trapezoidal head 107 is slidably adapted to the trapezoidal groove 103. A tooth groove 108 is provided in the middle section of the slide rod 106. A third gear 109 is meshed on the tooth groove 108. The third gear 109 is driven by a fourth motor 110. The fourth motor 110 is connected to the base 101. The forward and reverse rotation of the fourth motor 110 intermittently drives the push rod 102 to reciprocate up and down, thereby realizing the reciprocating swing of the first swing tube 64. The swinging process causes the oxide to produce a third adsorption reaction with the HF gas, and then the purified flue gas is discharged from the hollow shaft 19.

[0054] like Fig. 27 As shown, further, a rare earth metal electrolysis system using a rare earth electrolysis smoke purification and separation device is proposed, including an electrolytic cell 111, the electrolytic flue gas generated by the electrolytic cell 111 is collected in a main exhaust duct 112, and then enters a cooling system 113 for cooling; the flue gas after cooling enters a bag filter 114 for gas-solid separation, and then the flue gas after dust removal enters a separation box 1, the flue gas reacts with the oxide to remove HF gas in the flue gas, wherein a Roots blower 58 drives the fluorine-containing oxide to circulate and adsorb in the separation box 1; the defluorinated flue gas enters a spray tower 115 for desulfurization; the desulfurized flue gas enters a demister 116 for drying; then the flue gas enters an activated carbon adsorption tower 117, and the purified flue gas is discharged through a chimney 118.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned examples, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to make and modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device, comprising a separation box (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the separation box (1) is provided with a smoke inlet pipe (2); a plurality of supports (3) are provided in the separation box (1); a support plate (4) is provided on each layer of the supports (3); a smoke-passing gap (5) is provided between adjacent support plates (4); a first material delivery pipe (6) is provided on the smoke-passing gap (5); both ends of the first material delivery pipe (6) extend to the outside of the separation box (1); a plurality of air holes (8) are provided on the side wall of the first material delivery pipe (6) located in the separation box (1); a first material feed box (9) is provided at one end of the first material delivery pipe (6); a first material feed pipe (10) is provided on the first material feed box (9); a first material valve (11) is provided on the first material feed pipe (10); a first material discharge box (12) is provided at the other end of the first material delivery pipe (6); a first material discharge box (12) is provided on the first material discharge box (12); A first discharge pipe (13), the first discharge pipe (13) is provided with a second material valve (14); a shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the first discharge box (12), and a spiral auger (16) is provided on the side wall of the shaft (15) and cooperates with the first feed pipe (6); the transverse shafts (15) are connected in series through a sprocket chain mechanism (17), and one of the shafts (15) is driven by a first motor (18); a hollow shaft (19) is rotatably connected in the separation box (1); a through hole (20) arranged at equal intervals is formed on the side wall of the hollow shaft (19) located in the separation box (1); a plug (21) is provided at one end of the hollow shaft (19), and a smoke exhaust pipe (22) is rotatably connected to the other end of the hollow shaft (19), and a pipe seat (23) is provided on the side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (22). A support plate (24) is provided on the seat (23), and the support plate (24) is connected to the separation box (1); a shaft tube (42) is rotatably connected to the separation box (1), and a first bevel gear (43) is provided on the shaft tube (42) located outside the separation box (1); a plurality of fan blades (44) are provided on the shaft tube (42) located inside the separation box (1), and a support ring (45) is provided at the free end of the fan blade (44); an optical axis (46) is rotatably connected inside the shaft tube (42), and a feeding hole (47) is provided on the top surface of the optical axis (46); a feeding pipe (48) is provided on the optical axis (46) located inside the separation box (1), and a feeding nozzle (49) is provided on the feeding pipe (48); a second bevel gear (50) is provided on the side wall of the optical axis (46) located outside the separation box (1); the separation box (1) is provided with a U-shaped seat (51), the vertical section of the U-shaped seat (51) is rotatably connected to a third bevel gear (52), and the third bevel gear (52) is driven by a second motor (53); the third bevel gear (52) is meshed with the first bevel gear (43) and the second bevel gear (50); the upper end of the optical axis (46) is connected to a shaft cover (55) through a sealed bearing (54); the shaft cover (55) is connected to the first discharge pipe (13) through a second feed pipe (56); a third feed pipe (57) is provided on the second feed pipe (56), and a Roots blower (58) is provided at the free end of the third feed pipe (57); first swing pipes (64) are provided at two ends of the through hole (20), and a plurality of smoke inlets (65) are provided on the side wall of the first swing pipe (64);A first pipe joint (66) is provided at the free end of the first swinging tube (64), a first smoke collecting pipe (67) is provided on the first pipe joint (66), and the first smoke collecting pipe (67) connects all the first swinging tubes (64) in series; the first smoke collecting pipe (67) on one side is connected to a first side pipe (69) via a first hose (68), the first side pipe (69) is provided on the separation box (1), a second feed box (70) is provided at the free end of the first side pipe (69), a second feed pipe (71) is provided on the second feed box (70), and a third feed valve (72) is provided on the side wall of the second feed pipe (71); the first smoke collecting pipe (67) on the other side is connected to the first side pipe (69) via a first hose (68), the first side pipe (69) is provided on the separation box (1), a second feed box (70) is provided on the free end of the first side pipe (69), a second feed pipe (71) is provided on the second feed box (70), and a third feed valve (72) is provided on the side wall of the second feed pipe (71); The second hose (73) is connected to a second side tube (74), the second side tube (74) is arranged on the separation box (1), a second discharge box (75) is arranged at the free end of the second side tube (74), a second discharge pipe (76) is arranged on the second discharge box (75), and a fourth material valve (77) is arranged on the side wall of the second discharge pipe (76); a blocking rod (78) is arranged on the side wall of the hollow shaft (19) outside the separation box (1), the blocking rod (78) has two flanges (79), and the flanges (79) are parallel to the first swing tube (64); a driving part (80) is arranged on the support plate (24), and the driving part (80) drives the blocking rod (78) to swing back and forth. ; 2. A rare earth electrolytic fume purification and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation box (1) comprises a square tube section (25), a cone top (26) arranged at an upper end of the square tube section (25), and a cone bottom (27) arranged at a lower end of the square tube section (25); an inspection opening (28) is provided on the cone top (26), and a top cover (29) is provided on the inspection opening (28).

3. The rare earth electrolytic dust purification and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation box (1) is provided with an air equalizing plate (30), the air equalizing plate (30) having a plurality of air vents (31), and the air equalizing plate (30) is located below the first material conveying pipe (6) at the bottom layer.

4. A rare earth electrolytic fume purification and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation box (1) is provided with a branch pipe (32), the branch pipe (32) is located at the gap between adjacent bearing plates (4), the free end of the branch pipe (32) is provided with a cover plate (33), the cover plate (33) is provided with a funnel pipe (34), and the small diameter section of the funnel pipe (34) is provided with a porous plate (35); the small diameter end of the funnel pipe (34) is provided with a spherical cover (36), and the gap between the spherical cover (36) and the funnel pipe (34) is provided with a rubber diaphragm (37); the spherical cover (36) is provided with a guide tube (38), and a slider (39) is slidably connected in the guide tube (38); the slider (39) is driven by a cylinder (40), and a cylinder seat (41) is provided on the cylinder (40), and the cylinder seat (41) is connected to the end of the guide tube (38).

5. The rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material drop trough (59) is provided on the side wall of the first material delivery pipe (6) at the top layer. The material drop trough (59) is located in the separation box (1). A material guide plate (60) is provided on the material drop trough (59). The side edge of the material guide plate (60) abuts against the inner wall of the separation box (1) so that all the fluorine-containing oxide falls on the top surface of the material guide plate (60). The material guide plate (60) has a protruding section (61) and a recessed section (62). The protruding section (61) and the recessed section (62) are arranged at intervals. The recessed section (62) is provided with a material drop opening (63) that communicates with the material drop trough (59).

6. The rare earth electrolytic dust purification and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving part (80) comprises a bearing seat (81) connected to the support plate (24). The number of the bearing seats (81) is two and the two bearing seats (81) are symmetrically arranged. A short shaft (82) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (81). A cam (83) is provided on the short shaft (82). The tips of the two cams (83) are opposite to each other. The cam (83) is used to drive the blocking rod (78) to rotate, thereby driving the first swing tube (64) to generate reciprocating swing. A first gear (84) is provided on the short shaft (82). A second gear (85) is meshed between the two first gears (84). The second gear (85) is driven by a third motor (86).

7. The rare earth electrolytic fume purification and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second material discharge pipe (76) is provided with a fourth material delivery pipe (100), and the fourth material delivery pipe (100) is in communication with the second material delivery pipe (56).

8. A rare earth metal electrolysis system using the rare earth electrolysis fume purification and separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising an electrolytic cell (111), characterized in that: The electrolytic flue gas generated by the electrolytic cell (111) is collected in the main exhaust duct (112) and then enters the cooling system (113) for cooling; the cooled flue gas enters the bag filter (114) for gas-solid separation, and then the flue gas after dust removal enters the separation box (1), where the flue gas reacts with the oxide to remove HF gas in the flue gas, wherein the Roots blower (58) drives the fluorine-containing oxide to circulate and adsorb in the separation box (1); the defluorinated flue gas enters the spray tower (115) for desulfurization; the desulfurized flue gas enters the demisting tower (116) for drying; then the flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower (117), and the purified flue gas is discharged through the chimney (118).

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