A ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, and the present invention relates to the technical field of exhaust treatment. By setting a spoiler component, after being "thrown up", the second plugging plate can automatically complete the separation from the release port of the first pipe, so that ammonia can be discharged normally, and after the ammonia stops releasing, the spoiler component can automatically reset again under the action of its own gravity, block the release port, and prevent foreign matter from entering the spoiler component, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-blocking of the spoiler component; by utilizing the principle of the venturi tube, when ammonia passes through the second pipe and the first pipe at a high speed, a negative pressure can be formed at the throat position, and the external exhaust gas can be sucked into the throat, so that the initial mixing of the exhaust gas and the ammonia can be completed, and the ammonia drives the second fan blade to drive the spoiler to rotate, and the exhaust gas and the ammonia passing through can be mixed for the second time, so that the full reaction of the ammonia and the NOx in the exhaust gas can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, and in particular to a ship tail gas denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification. Background Art

[0002] Ship exhaust contains a large amount of NOx and carbon dioxide, which have serious impacts on the environment and human health. They not only cause air pollution problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog, but also intensify the greenhouse effect and have a negative impact on global climate change.

[0003] The International Maritime Organization (IMO) and other organizations have established strict regulations and standards for ship exhaust emissions, requiring ships to take effective desulfurization and denitrification measures to reduce the emission of harmful gases.

[0004] At present, SCR technology is the most mature and widely used method in the field of exhaust gas denitrification. This technology cleverly uses specific reducing agents, such as ammonia (NH3) or urea, to react with NOx in the exhaust gas in a targeted manner under the catalytic action of high-efficiency catalysts to generate harmless nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O). Since SCR technology can achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, it has become the preferred denitrification solution in many engineering projects around the world; secondly, by using carbon dioxide adsorption liquid, carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas can be adsorbed, and then the adsorbed carbon dioxide can be processed and utilized.

[0005] The patent application with reference to the publication (announcement) number CN217568203U discloses an integrated device for recovering carbon dioxide from tail gas denitration and desulfurization in the thermal power industry. The device first uses an adsorption liquid to adsorb carbon dioxide in the tail gas, then uses a carbon dioxide analysis tower to analyze and purify the carbon dioxide, and then compresses and stores the analyzed carbon dioxide. This patent application can recover carbon dioxide from the tail gas of the thermal power industry, greatly reducing carbon emissions, realizing the recycling of carbon energy, and generating huge economic and social benefits; the denitration reactor is connected to the desulfurization tower, the carbon dioxide adsorption tower and the carbon dioxide analysis tower to provide an integrated device for tail gas treatment in the thermal power industry. While denitrifying and desulfurizing, it recovers and stores carbon dioxide from the tail gas of the thermal power industry, reducing the generation of solid waste and generating great environmental benefits.

[0006] A comprehensive analysis of the above patents reveals the following defects:

[0007] In the above-mentioned exhaust gas denitrification, desulfurization and carbon dioxide recovery integrated device, the nozzle used for spraying the exhaust treatment agent is exposed to a high concentration of smoke and dust environment for a long time, which can easily cause the dust particles carried by the exhaust gas to accumulate around the ammonia spray nozzle, thereby causing the nozzle to be blocked. Due to the lag in the cleaning work, the normal liquid discharge of the nozzle is hindered, which directly affects the ability of the exhaust treatment agent to reach an ideal reaction ratio with NOx, and cannot achieve full purification;

[0008] In addition, the ammonia injection coverage of a single ammonia nozzle is relatively limited, which limits the possibility of ammonia and NOx far away from its injection point to quickly and effectively mix and react. In order to expand the coverage area of ​​the exhaust treatment agent in a short period of time, although it can be achieved by increasing the number of ammonia nozzles, this approach not only significantly increases the initial investment cost of the ammonia injection system, but also increases the maintenance complexity and maintenance workload in the subsequent operation of the system;

[0009] Therefore, the present invention proposes a ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, which solves the problem that the current nozzles are exposed to a high concentration of smoke and dust environment for a long time, which easily leads to the accumulation of dust particles carried by the exhaust gas around the ammonia nozzles, thereby causing the nozzles to be blocked. Due to the lag in the cleaning work, the normal liquid discharge of the nozzles is hindered, which directly affects the ability of the exhaust treatment agent to reach an ideal reaction ratio with NOx, and cannot achieve full purification; the ammonia injection coverage of a single ammonia nozzle is relatively limited, which limits the possibility of rapid and effective mixing reaction between ammonia and NOx far away from its injection point. Increasing the number of ammonia nozzles will increase the exhaust treatment cost and aggravate the problem of subsequent operation and maintenance workload.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, comprising:

[0012] A denitration cylinder is used to provide space for the denitration operation of ship exhaust gas, and a decarbonization cylinder is arranged on one side thereof. The decarbonization cylinder is used to provide space for the decarbonization operation of ship exhaust gas, and the tops of the denitration cylinder and the decarbonization cylinder are fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, and the bottoms of the denitration cylinder and the decarbonization cylinder are respectively fixedly provided with an air inlet pipe and an outlet pipe;

[0013] The denitrification liquid delivery assembly is arranged inside the denitrification cylinder and is used to spray ammonia into the denitrification cylinder and mix the ammonia with the ship's exhaust gas to complete the chemical reaction between ammonia and NOx, so as to eliminate NOx in the ship's exhaust gas;

[0014] A decarbonization liquid delivery assembly is arranged inside the decarbonization cylinder and is used to spray atomized carbon dioxide absorption liquid into the decarbonization cylinder to absorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the ship;

[0015] The exhaust gas monitoring mechanism is used to detect the NOx and carbon dioxide contents in the ship's exhaust gas input into the denitrification cylinder and the decarbonization cylinder respectively, and to control the amount of ammonia sprayed by the denitrification liquid conveying component and the amount of carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the decarbonization liquid conveying component according to the NOx and carbon dioxide contents.

[0016] Furthermore, the exhaust gas monitoring mechanism includes NOx sensor 1 and NOx sensor 2 arranged at the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the denitrification cylinder, which are respectively used to detect the NOx content of the ship's exhaust gas before and after denitrification. A controller is arranged between the denitrification cylinder and the decarbonization cylinder. One end of the NOx sensor 1 and the NOx sensor 2 are connected to the controller through cable 1, which is used to transmit the detected NOx content data to the controller in real time. A carbon dioxide sensor is fixedly arranged on the top of the inner cavity of the decarbonization cylinder. The carbon dioxide sensor is connected to the controller through cable 2, which is used to transmit the detected carbon dioxide content data to the controller in real time.

[0017] Furthermore, the denitrification liquid conveying assembly and the decarbonization liquid conveying assembly have the same structure. The denitrification liquid conveying assembly includes a plurality of annular tubes arranged from the outside to the inside and whose outer diameters are successively reduced in equal proportion. Two adjacent annular tubes are connected by pipelines. Branch pipes connected to the inside of the annular tubes are evenly and fixedly arranged on the tops of the annular tubes. A nozzle assembly for increasing the spraying range of ammonia is detachably arranged inside each of the branch pipes. A feed pipe is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the outermost annular tube, and a flow meter is fixedly arranged inside the feed pipe.

[0018] Further, the nozzle assembly includes a feed pipe assembly and a plurality of spoiler assemblies uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the feed pipe assembly;

[0019] The feed pipe assembly includes a tapered pipe and a gas inlet and a gas outlet respectively opened at the top and bottom of the tapered pipe, a threaded mounting pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the gas inlet, and the threaded mounting pipe is connected to the inside of the branch pipe by threads, an annular driving plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the tapered pipe, and a Laval pipe is fixedly arranged inside the tapered pipe, a turntable is sealed and rotatably arranged inside the gas outlet, a plurality of feed holes are evenly opened at the bottom of the turntable, and a power conversion assembly for driving the turntable to rotate is arranged inside the Laval pipe;

[0020] The power conversion component includes a transmission shaft rotatably arranged inside the Laval tube through a support frame, the top end of the transmission shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the turntable, and a fan blade is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft and located above the interior of the Laval tube.

[0021] Furthermore, the spoiler assembly includes a pipe fitting 1, a throat and a pipe fitting 2 which are fixedly connected in sequence at the end. A through hole is provided at the bottom of the pipe fitting 1 and near the gas outlet. The pipe fitting 2 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the turntable through a rotating shaft. A release port connected to the interior of the pipe fitting 1 is provided at one end. A hose connected to the interior of the pipe fitting 2 is fixedly arranged at one end of the pipe fitting 2. The hose passes through the turntable and extends to the feed hole at the corresponding position. A plurality of mounting holes are evenly provided on the outer wall of the throat, and a suction assembly is arranged inside each mounting hole. A mounting frame 2 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the pipe fitting 1. A sealing plate 2 is slidingly arranged inside the release port. A push rod assembly for driving the sealing plate 2 away from the release port or blocking the release port and controlling the opening or closing of the wedge block is provided at one end of the sealing plate 2 and located inside the pipe fitting 1 and the throat. A mixing unit for completing the mixing of ship exhaust gas and ammonia is sleeved on the outer wall of the push rod assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, the push rod assembly includes a rod member 2 that slides through the mounting frame 2, one end of the rod member 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blocking plate 2, and a plurality of wedge blocks are evenly and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rod member 2 away from the blocking plate 2, a spring retaining ring is provided on the outer wall of the rod member 2 and on a fixed sleeve located on one side of the mounting frame 2, and a spring 2 is provided on the outer wall of the rod member 2 and on a sliding sleeve located between the mounting frame 2 and the spring retaining ring.

[0023] Furthermore, the mixing unit comprises a sleeve rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second rod, and the second fan blade and the spoiler are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve respectively.

[0024] Furthermore, the suction assembly includes an intake pipe 2 fixedly arranged inside the mounting hole and an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet opened at both ends of the intake pipe 2, a mounting frame 1 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust gas outlet, a sealing plate 1 is slidably arranged inside the exhaust gas inlet, a rod 1 is fixedly arranged at one end of the sealing plate 1, the rod 1 slides through the mounting frame 1 and is fixedly arranged with a wedge plate, and a spring 1 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the rod 1 and located between the mounting frame 1 and the wedge plate.

[0025] Furthermore, one end of the output pipe is connected to a carbon dioxide analysis device, which is internally provided with a heat exchanger and an activated carbon filler layer. The heat exchanger heats the adsorption liquid after adsorbing carbon dioxide to analyze the carbon dioxide, and the activated carbon filler layer purifies the analyzed carbon dioxide. The purified carbon dioxide is compressed and stored by a compressor.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] The present invention provides a ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. A ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification. By setting a denitration cylinder and a decarbonization cylinder, after purifying the NOx in the ship exhaust gas, the decarbonization cylinder can be used to recycle the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, which not only realizes the purification of the exhaust gas, but also can reuse the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, ensuring the high efficiency of the ship exhaust gas treatment and achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction; secondly, by setting a denitration liquid conveying component and a decarbonization liquid conveying component in the denitration cylinder and the decarbonization cylinder, a large area can be covered by setting a small number of nozzles, thereby reducing the number of nozzles, saving the cost of setting a large number of nozzles, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the device.

[0029] 2. A ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, by setting a nozzle assembly, each nozzle assembly is provided with a plurality of spoiler assemblies that can rotate relative to a feed pipe assembly, when ammonia passes through the feed pipe assembly, the power of ammonia is utilized to drive the fan blades to rotate, that is, the kinetic energy of the gas is converted into the power to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, and the plurality of spoiler assemblies are "thrown up" under the action of centrifugal force, thereby forming a larger ammonia injection range. Compared with the single-point injection of traditional nozzles, the nozzle assembly in the present invention is "thrown up", and each spoiler assembly forms an independent ammonia release port, thereby forming a plurality of injection points, increasing the mixing area of ​​ammonia and the surrounding exhaust gas, and achieving the purpose of sufficient and efficient mixing; secondly, the spoiler assembly can continuously rotate after being "thrown up", and can turbulent the surrounding exhaust gas and the injected ammonia, thereby achieving sufficient mixing of the exhaust gas and ammonia, and accelerating the rapid reaction of ammonia and NOx in the exhaust gas.

[0030] 3. A ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, by setting a spoiler assembly, after being "thrown up", the second sealing plate can automatically complete the separation from the release port of the pipe fitting, so that the ammonia can be discharged normally, and after the ammonia stops releasing, the spoiler assembly, under the action of its own gravity and in cooperation with the annular drive plate, the second sealing plate can automatically reset again to block the release port to prevent foreign matter from entering the spoiler assembly, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-blocking of the spoiler assembly; secondly, after the second sealing plate is separated from the release port, since the second sealing plate and the wedge block are linked by the push rod assembly, after the second sealing plate is separated from the release port, the wedge block can be used to drive the wedge plate at the corresponding position to move into the second intake pipe, thereby achieving the goal of pushing the first sealing plate. The purpose of the exhaust gas inlet in the intake pipe two is to provide an entrance for the exhaust gas to enter the intake pipe two; furthermore, by utilizing the principle of the Venturi tube, when ammonia passes through pipe fittings two and pipe fittings one at a high speed, a negative pressure can be formed at the throat position, and the external exhaust gas can be sucked into the throat, thereby completing the initial mixing of the exhaust gas and ammonia, and the ammonia drives the fan blade two to drive the spoiler to rotate, which can carry out secondary mixing of the passing exhaust gas and ammonia, and the stirring force formed by the rotation of the spoiler component can complete the tertiary mixing of the exhaust gas and ammonia, thereby achieving a full reaction of ammonia and NOx in the exhaust gas, and after the sealing plate two is reset, the sealing plate one can be quickly reset under the elastic force of the spring one, thereby achieving the blocking of the exhaust gas inlet of the intake pipe two and avoiding blockage of the intake pipe two. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the second overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the denitration liquid delivery assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the denitration liquid delivery assembly of the present invention in a decomposed state;

[0036] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle of the present invention in a rotating state;

[0038] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in FIG.

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle assembly of the present invention in a static state;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a first cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the feed pipe assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a second cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the feed pipe assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spoiler assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the spoiler assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.14 For the present invention Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C in FIG.

[0045] Fig.15 For the present invention Fig.13 The D part in the figure is an enlarged structural diagram;

[0046] Fig.16 For the present invention Fig.13 The enlarged structural diagram of part E in FIG.

[0047] Fig.17 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the suction assembly of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1, denitration cylinder; 2, decarbonization cylinder; 3, connecting pipe; 4, intake pipe 1; 5, output pipe; 6, controller; 7, cable 1; 8, cable 2; 9, denitration liquid delivery assembly; 91, annular pipe; 92, branch pipe; 93, nozzle assembly; 931, feed pipe assembly; 9311, tapered pipe; 9312, threaded mounting pipe; 9313, annular drive plate; 9314, Laval pipe; 9315, turntable; 9316, feed hole; 9317, transmission shaft; 9318, fan blade 1; 932, spoiler assembly; 9321, pipe fitting 1; 9322, throat; 9323 , pipe fitting 2; 9324, suction assembly; 93241, air inlet pipe 2; 93242, mounting frame 1; 93243, blocking plate 1; 93244, rod 1; 93245, wedge plate; 93246, spring 1; 9325, mounting frame 2; 9326, blocking plate 2; 9327, rod 2; 9328, wedge block; 9329, spring retaining ring; 93210, spring 2; 93211, sleeve; 93212, fan blade 2; 93213, spoiler; 93214, through hole; 94, feed pipe; 95, flow meter; 10, decarbonization liquid delivery assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 17 The present invention provides three technical solutions: a ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, which specifically includes the following embodiments:

[0051] Embodiment 1: A ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, comprising:

[0052] The denitrification cylinder 1 is used to provide space for the denitrification operation of ship exhaust gas, and a decarbonization cylinder 2 is arranged on one side thereof. The decarbonization cylinder 2 is used to provide space for the decarbonization operation of ship exhaust gas. The tops of the denitrification cylinder 1 and the decarbonization cylinder 2 are fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 3, and the bottoms of the denitrification cylinder 1 and the decarbonization cylinder 2 are respectively fixedly provided with an intake pipe 4 and an output pipe 5; a one-way valve is fixedly arranged inside the connecting pipe 3, and the one-way valve is used to only allow the ship exhaust gas to flow from the denitrification cylinder 1 to the decarbonization cylinder 2;

[0053] The denitrification liquid delivery component 9 is arranged inside the denitrification cylinder 1, and is used to spray ammonia into the denitrification cylinder 1, and mix the ammonia with the ship's exhaust gas to complete the chemical reaction of ammonia and NOx, so as to eliminate NOx in the ship's exhaust gas;

[0054] The decarbonization liquid delivery assembly 10 is arranged inside the decarbonization cylinder 2 and is used to spray the atomized carbon dioxide absorption liquid into the decarbonization cylinder 2 to absorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the ship;

[0055] The exhaust gas monitoring mechanism is used to detect the NOx and carbon dioxide contents in the ship's exhaust gas input into the denitrification cylinder 1 and the decarbonization cylinder 2 respectively, and control the amount of ammonia sprayed by the denitrification liquid delivery component 9 and the amount of carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the decarbonization liquid delivery component 10 according to the NOx and carbon dioxide contents.

[0056] The exhaust gas monitoring mechanism includes a NOx sensor 1 and a NOx sensor 2 arranged at the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the denitrification cylinder 1, which are respectively used to detect the NOx content of the ship's exhaust gas before and after denitrification. A controller 6 is arranged between the denitrification cylinder 1 and the decarbonization cylinder 2. One end of the NOx sensor 1 and the NOx sensor 2 are connected to the controller 6 through a cable 1 7, which is used to transmit the detected NOx content data to the controller 6 in real time. A carbon dioxide sensor is fixedly arranged on the top of the inner cavity of the decarbonization cylinder 2. The carbon dioxide sensor is connected to the controller 6 through a cable 2 8, which is used to transmit the detected carbon dioxide content data to the controller 6 in real time.

[0057] Embodiment 2: The main difference between this embodiment and the first technical solution is that: a ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, the denitration liquid delivery component 9 and the decarbonization liquid delivery component 10 have the same structure, the denitration liquid delivery component 9 includes a plurality of annular tubes 91 arranged from the outside to the inside and the outer diameters are successively reduced in proportion, and two adjacent annular tubes 91 are connected by pipelines, and the top of the annular tube 91 is evenly fixed with a branch pipe 92 connected to the inside thereof, and each branch pipe 92 is detachably provided with a nozzle assembly 93 for increasing the ammonia spraying range, and a feed pipe 94 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the outermost annular tube 91, and a flow meter 95 is fixedly provided inside the feed pipe 94. The end of the flow meter 95 away from the annular tube 91 passes through the denitration cylinder 1 and extends to the outside. The nozzle assembly 93 includes a feed pipe assembly 931 and a plurality of spoiler assemblies 932 evenly arranged on the outer wall of the feed pipe assembly 931; the feed pipe assembly 931 includes a tapered pipe 9311 and a gas inlet and a gas outlet respectively opened at the top and bottom of the tapered pipe 9311, a through hole 93214 is opened at the bottom of the pipe 9321 and close to the gas outlet, a threaded mounting pipe 9312 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the gas inlet, and the threaded mounting pipe 9312 is connected to the inside of the branch pipe 92 by threading, and a threaded mounting pipe 9312 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the tapered pipe 9311. The fixed sleeve is provided with an annular driving plate 9313, and the interior of the conical tube 9311 is fixedly provided with a Laval tube 9314, the gas outlet is sealed and rotatably provided with a turntable 9315, the bottom of the turntable 9315 is evenly provided with a plurality of feeding holes 9316, and the interior of the Laval tube 9314 is provided with a power conversion assembly for driving the turntable 9315 to rotate; before the threaded mounting tube 9312 is installed inside the branch tube 92, a sealing tape needs to be wrapped around its outer wall to ensure that ammonia will not leak through the connection between the threaded mounting tube 9312 and the branch tube 92. The power conversion assembly includes a transmission shaft 9317 rotatably arranged inside the Laval tube 9314 through a support frame, the top end of the transmission shaft 9317 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the turntable 9315, and a fan blade 9318 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 9317 and located above the interior of the Laval tube 9314.A plurality of rotating seats are evenly and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the turntable 9315, and the positions and numbers of the rotating seats correspond one to one with the spoiler assembly 932; the annular driving plate 9313 is designed to be perpendicular to the outer wall of the conical tube 9311, and the annular driving plate 9313 is provided with a rounded corner above the inner wall of the conical tube 9311, so that the sealing plate 2 9326 can smoothly contact with the annular driving plate 9313 when it just meets the annular driving plate 9313, and gradually slide into the joint position between the conical tube 9311 and the annular driving plate 9313 through the rounded corner. It should be noted that when the spoiler assembly 932 is not subjected to external force, only the weight of the spoiler assembly 932 itself can make the sealing plate 2 9326 slide downward along the inner wall of the annular driving plate 9313 until the bottom of the pipe 1 9321 and the outer wall of the conical tube 9311 are against each other; the pipe 2 9323 is rotatably arranged in the rotating seat.

[0058] Embodiment 3: The main difference between this embodiment and the second technical solution is that: a ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, the spoiler component 932 includes a pipe 9321, a throat 9322 and a pipe 9323 which are fixedly connected in sequence at the end, a through hole 93214 is opened at the bottom of the pipe 9321 and near the gas outlet, the pipe 9323 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the turntable 9315 through a rotating shaft, a release port connected to the interior of the pipe 9321 is opened at one end, and a hose connected to the interior of the pipe 9323 is fixedly arranged at one end, and the hose passes through the turntable 9315 and extends to the corresponding A plurality of mounting holes are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the throat 9322 in the feed hole 9316 at the position, and a suction assembly 9324 is arranged inside each mounting hole. A mounting frame 9325 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the pipe 9321, and a sealing plate 9326 is slidingly arranged inside the release port for sealing. A push rod assembly for driving the sealing plate 9326 away from the release port or blocking the release port and controlling the opening or closing of the wedge block 9328 is arranged at one end of the sealing plate 9326 and located inside the pipe 9321 and the throat 9322. A mixing unit for completing the mixing of ship exhaust gas and ammonia is sleeved on the outer wall of the push rod assembly. The push rod assembly includes a rod 9327 that slides through the second mounting frame 9325, one end of the rod 9327 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second blocking plate 9326, and a plurality of wedge blocks 9328 are evenly fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rod 9327 away from the second blocking plate 9326, a spring retaining ring 9329 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rod 9327 and located on one side of the second mounting frame 9325, and a spring 93210 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the rod 9327 and located between the second mounting frame 9325 and the spring retaining ring 9329. The mixing unit includes a sleeve 93211 that is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second rod 9327, and a fan blade 93212 and a spoiler 93213 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve 93211. The suction assembly 9324 includes an air inlet pipe 93241 fixedly arranged inside the mounting hole and an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet opened at both ends of the air inlet pipe 93241. A mounting frame 93242 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust gas outlet. A blocking plate 93243 is slidably arranged inside the exhaust gas inlet. A rod 93244 is fixedly arranged at one end of the blocking plate 93243. The rod 93244 slides through the mounting frame 93242 and is fixedly arranged with a wedge plate 93245. A spring 93246 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the rod 93244 and located between the mounting frame 93242 and the wedge plate 93245. A slide groove is opened on the inclined surface of the wedge plate 93245, and each wedge block 9328 is correspondingly slidably arranged in the slide groove on the inclined surface of one of the wedge plates 93245.One end of the output pipe 5 is connected to the carbon dioxide analysis equipment, which is internally provided with a heat exchanger and an activated carbon filler layer. The heat exchanger heats the adsorption liquid after adsorbing carbon dioxide to analyze the carbon dioxide, and the activated carbon filler layer purifies the analyzed carbon dioxide. The purified carbon dioxide is compressed and stored by a compressor.

[0059] When in use, the ship's exhaust gas enters the interior of the denitrification cylinder 1 through the air intake pipe 1-4, and the NOx sensor 2 located inside the denitrification cylinder 1 and close to the air intake pipe 1-4 detects the NOx content in the exhaust gas. The NOx sensor 1 located at the bottom of the cavity of the denitrification cylinder 1 monitors the NOx content in the exhaust gas after denitrification, and transmits the two values ​​to the controller 6 in the form of electrical signals. The controller 6 controls the external pump body to pump ammonia into the feed pipe 94, and the flow meter 95 measures the amount of ammonia flowing through in real time, and transmits the ammonia release amount data to the controller 6. The controller dynamically controls the ammonia release amount according to the amount of NOx. When the NOx sensor 1 at the top of the denitrification cylinder 1 detects that the NOx content in the output exhaust exceeds the expected value, the input amount of ammonia is increased accordingly, otherwise, the input amount of ammonia is reduced;

[0060] Ammonia enters into the multiple annular tubes 91 respectively through the feed pipe 94 and the pipe connecting two adjacent annular tubes 91, and enters into the nozzle assembly 93 at the corresponding position through the multiple evenly distributed branch pipes 92; Ammonia enters into the Laval tube 9314 through the threaded installation pipe 9312, and enters into the spoiler assembly 932 at the corresponding position in turn through the multiple feed holes 9316, and ammonia enters into the interior through the hose arranged at the end of the pipe 1 9321, and then passes through the throat 9322 and the pipe 2 9323, and finally is discharged through 93214, and the input ammonia forms a complete flow channel; Ammonia flows from the inlet of the Laval tube 9314 to the outlet, and after the acceleration effect of the Laval tube 9314, the flow rate of ammonia flowing out of the Laval tube 9314 is greatly increased, and because the fan blade 1 9318 is located at the outlet of the Laval tube 9314, the fast-flowing ammonia drives The fan blade 9318 rotates rapidly, and under the action of centrifugal force, the multiple spoiler components 932 are "thrown up", that is, they gradually separate from the state of being close to the outer wall of the conical tube 9311 and gradually tend to a horizontal state; when the spoiler component 932 is "thrown up", the blocking plate 9326 and the inner wall of the annular drive plate 9313 separate, and the elastic force of the spring 93210 pushes the rod 9327 to move away from the pipe 9323, and the blocking plate 9326 moves out of the release port of the pipe 9321 by a preset distance, which exposes the release port, and the side wall of the blocking plate 9326 close to the pipe 9321 is still in the top area of ​​the annular drive plate 9313, ensuring that when the blocking plate 9326 moves downward under the action of gravity, the outer wall of the blocking plate 9326 away from the pipe 9321 can smoothly contact the inner wall of the annular drive plate 9313;

[0061] At the same time, when the rod 9327 moves toward the release port, the multiple wedge blocks 9328 push the wedge plates 93245 at the corresponding positions to move toward the inner direction of the intake pipe 93241, that is, the wedge plates 93245 climb along the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks 9328 at the corresponding positions, the spring 93246 is compressed, and the blocking plate 93243 is moved away from the exhaust inlet. According to the principle of the Venturi tube, negative pressure is formed at the position of the throat 9322, and the exhaust gas enters the intake pipe 93241 through the exhaust inlet, and then is sucked into the throat 9322 and enters. The tail gas and the passing ammonia are preliminarily mixed, and the mixture of ammonia and tail gas continues to flow toward the pipe 9321. The flowing gas pushes the fan blade 93212 to rotate. Since the fan blade 93212 and the spoiler 93213 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the same sleeve 93211, the spoiler 93213 rotates with the fan blade 93212, and mixes the passing tail gas and ammonia again. Finally, the secondary mixture of tail gas and ammonia is discharged through the release port. Since the spoiler component 932 is constantly rotating, the surrounding ammonia and tail gas are disturbed again, resulting in a chemical reaction.

[0062] The tail gas after the denitration reaction enters the decarbonization cylinder 2 through the connecting pipe 3. The controller 6 controls the carbon dioxide adsorption liquid delivery pump to deliver the carbon dioxide adsorption liquid to the decarbonization liquid delivery component 10 according to the carbon dioxide content detected by the carbon dioxide sensor in the decarbonization cylinder 2. The spraying process of the carbon dioxide adsorption liquid from the decarbonization liquid delivery component 10 is the same as the working process of the denitration liquid delivery component 9, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] After the exhaust gas after denitrification treatment enters the decarbonization cylinder 2, the sprayed carbon dioxide adsorption liquid adsorbs the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, and the remaining gas enters the drying tower, and is directly discharged into the atmosphere by the induced draft fan after being treated by the activated carbon filler layer; when the carbon dioxide adsorption liquid is close to saturation, the carbon dioxide adsorption liquid is pumped into the carbon dioxide analysis equipment by a circulating pump, and the heat exchanger in the carbon dioxide analysis equipment heats the adsorption liquid after the carbon dioxide is adsorbed, and the carbon dioxide is analyzed. The activated carbon filler layer purifies the analyzed carbon dioxide, and the purified carbon dioxide is compressed by a compressor, and then stored in a carbon dioxide storage tank. The analysis process of the adsorption liquid after the carbon dioxide is adsorbed is an existing known technology, and the process will not be described in detail here.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ship exhaust denitrification and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification, characterized in that: include: A denitration cylinder (1) is used to provide space for ship exhaust denitration operations, and a decarbonization cylinder (2) is arranged on one side thereof. The decarbonization cylinder (2) is used to provide space for ship exhaust decarbonization operations. The tops of the denitration cylinder (1) and the decarbonization cylinder (2) are fixedly connected with a connecting pipe (3), and the bottoms of the denitration cylinder (1) and the decarbonization cylinder (2) are respectively fixedly provided with an air inlet pipe (4) and an outlet pipe (5); A denitration liquid delivery assembly (9) is arranged inside the denitration cylinder (1) and is used to spray ammonia gas into the denitration cylinder (1) and mix the ammonia gas with the ship's exhaust gas to complete a chemical reaction between the ammonia gas and NOx, thereby eliminating NOx in the ship's exhaust gas; A decarbonization liquid delivery assembly (10) is arranged inside the decarbonization cylinder (2) and is used to spray atomized carbon dioxide absorption liquid into the decarbonization cylinder (2) to absorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the ship; An exhaust gas monitoring mechanism is used to respectively detect the contents of NOx and carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the ship input into the denitrification cylinder (1) and the decarbonization cylinder (2), and to control the amount of ammonia sprayed by the denitrification liquid delivery component (9) and the amount of carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the decarbonization liquid delivery component (10) according to the contents of NOx and carbon dioxide; The denitrification liquid delivery assembly (9) and the decarbonization liquid delivery assembly (10) have the same structure. The denitrification liquid delivery assembly (9) comprises a plurality of annular tubes (91) arranged from the outside to the inside and having outer diameters that decrease in proportion in sequence. Two adjacent annular tubes (91) are connected via a pipeline. Branch tubes (92) that are in communication with the inside of the annular tubes (91) are evenly and fixedly arranged on the top of the annular tubes (91). A nozzle assembly (93) for increasing the spraying range of ammonia gas is detachably arranged inside each branch tube (92). A delivery pipe (94) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the outermost annular tube (91). A flow meter (95) is fixedly arranged inside the delivery pipe (94); The nozzle assembly (93) comprises a feed pipe assembly (931) and a plurality of spoiler assemblies (932) uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the feed pipe assembly (931); The feed pipe assembly (931) comprises a conical tube (9311) and a gas inlet and a gas outlet respectively provided at the top and bottom of the conical tube (9311); a threaded mounting tube (9312) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the gas inlet, and the threaded mounting tube (9312) is connected to the inside of the branch tube (92) by means of threads; an annular driving plate (9313) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the conical tube (9311), and a Laval tube (9314) is fixedly provided inside the conical tube (9311); a rotating disk (9315) is provided inside the gas outlet in a sealed and rotatable manner, and a plurality of feeding holes (9316) are evenly provided at the bottom of the rotating disk (9315); and a power conversion assembly for driving the rotating disk (9315) to rotate is provided inside the Laval tube (9314); The power conversion assembly comprises a transmission shaft (9317) rotatably arranged inside the Laval tube (9314) via a support frame, the top end of the transmission shaft (9317) being fixedly arranged at the bottom of the turntable (9315), and a fan blade 1 (9318) being fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft (9317) and located above the inside of the Laval tube (9314); The spoiler assembly (932) comprises a pipe fitting 1 (9321), a throat pipe (9322) and a pipe fitting 2 (9323) which are fixedly connected in sequence at the end. A through hole (93214) is provided at the bottom of the pipe fitting 1 (9321) and near the gas outlet. The pipe fitting 2 (9323) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the turntable (9315) via a rotating shaft. A release port connected to the interior of the pipe fitting 1 (9321) is provided at one end. A hose connected to the interior of the pipe fitting 2 (9323) is fixedly arranged at one end. The hose passes through the turntable (9315) and extends to the feed hole (9316) at the corresponding position. The throat pipe (9322) is provided at the bottom of the turntable (9321). A plurality of mounting holes are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the pipe fitting 1 (9322), and a suction assembly (9324) is arranged inside each mounting hole. A mounting frame 2 (9325) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the pipe fitting 1 (9321), and a sealing plate 2 (9326) is slidably arranged inside the release port. A push rod assembly for driving the sealing plate 2 (9326) away from the release port or blocking the release port and controlling the opening or closing of the wedge block (9328) is arranged at one end of the sealing plate 2 (9326) and located inside the pipe fitting 1 (9321) and the throat (9322), and a mixing unit for completing the mixing of ship exhaust gas and ammonia is arranged on the outer wall of the push rod assembly; The push rod assembly comprises a rod member 2 (9327) that slides through the second mounting frame (9325), one end of the rod member 2 (9327) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second blocking plate (9326), and a plurality of wedge blocks (9328) are evenly and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rod member 2 (9327) away from the second blocking plate (9326), a spring retaining ring (9329) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rod member 2 (9327) and located on one side of the second mounting frame (9325), and a spring member 2 (93210) is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the rod member 2 (9327) and located between the second mounting frame (9325) and the spring retaining ring (9329); The mixing unit comprises a sleeve (93211) rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second rod (9327), and the outer wall of the sleeve (93211) is respectively fixedly sleeved with a second fan blade (93212) and a spoiler (93213); The suction assembly (9324) comprises an air intake pipe (93241) fixedly arranged inside the mounting hole and an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet opened at both ends of the air intake pipe (93241); a mounting frame (93242) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust gas outlet; a blocking plate (93243) is slidably arranged inside the exhaust gas inlet; a rod (93244) is fixedly arranged at one end of the blocking plate (93243); the rod (93244) slides through the mounting frame (93242) and is fixedly arranged with a wedge plate (93245); a spring (93246) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the rod (93244) and located between the mounting frame (93242) and the wedge plate (93245).

2. The ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exhaust gas monitoring mechanism comprises a NOx sensor 1 and a NOx sensor 2 arranged at the top and bottom of the inner cavity of the denitrification cylinder (1), respectively used to detect the NOx content of the ship's exhaust gas before and after denitrification. A controller (6) is arranged between the denitrification cylinder (1) and the decarbonization cylinder (2). One end of the NOx sensor 1 and the NOx sensor 2 are connected to the controller (6) via a cable 1 (7) for transmitting the detected NOx content data to the controller (6) in real time. A carbon dioxide sensor is fixedly arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the decarbonization cylinder (2). The carbon dioxide sensor is connected to the controller (6) via a cable 2 (8) for transmitting the detected carbon dioxide content data to the controller (6) in real time.

3. The ship exhaust denitration and decarbonization device integrating absorption and solidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the output pipe (5) is connected to a carbon dioxide analysis device, wherein a heat exchanger and an activated carbon filler layer are arranged inside the carbon dioxide analysis device. The heat exchanger heats the adsorption liquid after the carbon dioxide is adsorbed to analyze the carbon dioxide. The activated carbon filler layer purifies the analyzed carbon dioxide. The purified carbon dioxide is compressed and stored by a compressor.

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