Abnormal combustion diagnosis method and device for gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed, collecting the instantaneous speed signal of the speed sensor installed at the flywheel end of the engine; collecting the knock signal of the knock sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head; calculating the average speed and amplitude, and extracting the harmonic energy value ratio of the instantaneous speed signal and the energy amplitude of the knock signal after fast Fourier transforming the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal; linearly combining the average speed, amplitude, harmonic energy value ratio, energy amplitude and the root mean square and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics, obtaining the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine, setting the discrimination conditions for abnormal diagnosis. By combining the knock and instantaneous speed signals, the abnormal combustion of the gas engine is diagnosed, the abnormal combustion index and the engine working state model are established, and the diagnostic accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship gas engine fault diagnosis, and in particular to a gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis method and device based on knock and instantaneous rotation speed. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global transportation industry, traditional marine diesel engines are difficult to meet the requirements of technological development due to their high noise, high manufacturing cost, and difficulty in starting. A new type of energy is urgently needed to meet the power of ships. Gas engines are superior to traditional marine diesel engines in terms of noise, energy conversion efficiency, and emission quality. Abnormal combustion of gas engines refers to misfire or deflagration. Gas engine misfire means that one or several cylinders do not work or do insufficient work. Engine misfire will cause unstable engine operation, reduced speed and power, and unburned gas will enter the subsequent pipeline after the engine misfire, resulting in extremely dangerous uncertain combustion, which may cause pipeline rupture, etc.; while deflagration refers to irregular combustion, which usually occurs when the gas pressure and temperature are too high. The combustible mixture burns without ignition, which will cause engine shaking and aggravate the wear of moving parts. Abnormal combustion of the engine not only affects the machine itself, but also threatens the life of the operator. Therefore, the abnormal combustion diagnosis research of gas engines is crucial to ensure the safe operation of gas engines.

[0003] At present, there are some relevant studies on abnormal combustion fault diagnosis of gas engines. However, for multi-cylinder gas engines, especially those with more than 12 cylinders, abnormal combustion diagnosis of gas engines based on a single signal is easily affected by external factors and may result in missed or misjudgment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a method and device for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed, so as to solve the technical problem of missed or misjudgment of abnormal combustion diagnosis using a single signal for a gas engine with more than 12 cylinders.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: collecting an instantaneous speed signal from a speed sensor installed at the flywheel end of the engine; collecting a knock signal from a knock sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head;

[0007] Step S2: calculating the average speed and amplitude, and extracting the harmonic energy value ratio of the instantaneous speed signal and the energy amplitude of the knock signal after performing fast Fourier transform on the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal;

[0008] Step S3: After linearly combining the average speed, amplitude, harmonic energy value ratio, energy amplitude and the root mean square and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics, the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine is obtained, and the judgment conditions are set for abnormal diagnosis.

[0009] Preferably, the harmonic energy value ratio in step S2 is the square of the 0.5th harmonic amplitude to the square of the 1st harmonic amplitude.

[0010] Preferably, the expression for performing linear combination in step S3 is:

[0011] ;

[0012] In the formula, represents the average speed, Indicates the harmonic energy value ratio, represents the amplitude, represents the relative energy amplitude of detonation, and They represent the RMS value and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the expression of the discrimination condition in step S3 is:

[0014] ;

[0015] In the formula, Indicates the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine.

[0016] Preferably, the diagnostic method further comprises the step of locating the faulty cylinder:

[0017] Step S41: When the harmonic energy value ratio is greater than 1, the knock relative energy amplitude is greater than 20%, and the engine misfires, a time domain curve is drawn for the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal within a crank angle range of 0-720°;

[0018] Step S42: Subtract the average speed from the instantaneous speed signal in the time domain and perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to obtain a frequency domain curve;

[0019] Step S43: retain the 0.5 harmonic energy value in the frequency domain, assign all others to 0, perform inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT, obtain a sine wave, and find the crank angle corresponding to the lowest point of the sine wave;

[0020] Step S44: After associating the corresponding crank angle found in step S43 with the faulty cylinder, the crank angle of 0-720° is divided to obtain the crank angle ranges corresponding to different cylinders.

[0021] Preferably, the diagnostic method further comprises a signal preprocessing step: amplifying, shaping and filtering the knock signal; and shaping, limiting, tooth averaging, filtering and full-cycle averaging the instantaneous speed signal.

[0022] Preferably, the diagnostic method also includes a filtering processing step: performing two-stage filtering on the instantaneous speed signal, the first stage is a Bartelsworth low-pass filter, and the second stage is a sliding average filter; performing two-stage filtering on the knock signal, the first stage is a Chebyshev bandpass filter, and the second stage is a weighted average filter.

[0023] Preferably, the fast Fourier transform is subjected to windowing processing.

[0024] The present invention also provides a gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis device based on knock and instantaneous speed, which is used in the above-mentioned gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis method based on knock and instantaneous speed, and includes a sensor signal acquisition module, a signal processing module, a main control module, a communication module, a host computer module and a power supply module;

[0025] The sensor signal acquisition module is used to acquire the instantaneous speed signal of the speed sensor installed at the flywheel end of the engine; and to acquire the knock signal of the knock sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head;

[0026] The signal processing module is used to pre-process the signal collected by the sensor signal collection module;

[0027] The main control module is used to extract the harmonic energy value ratio of the instantaneous speed signal and the energy amplitude of the knock signal after performing fast Fourier transformation on the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal; linearly combine the harmonic energy value ratio, energy amplitude, average speed, vibration amplitude, and the root mean square and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics to obtain the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine, and set the discrimination conditions for abnormal diagnosis;

[0028] The communication module is used for communication between the lower computer and the upper computer;

[0029] The host computer module is used for displaying parameters;

[0030] The power module is used for supplying power.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least: the present invention combines knock and instantaneous speed signals to diagnose abnormal combustion of gas engines, and by establishing an abnormal combustion index and an engine operating state model, it can effectively solve the problem of low diagnostic accuracy. At the same time, the use of knock and instantaneous speed signals to diagnose abnormal combustion of gas engines can achieve real-time monitoring, protect engine components, extend service life, and optimize fuel utilization. Through signal analysis, potential faults can be predicted and prevented, downtime can be reduced, and control strategies can be improved to improve engine performance and stability, while safety can be improved, damage and hidden dangers caused by abnormal combustion can be prevented, and equipment and personnel safety can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of sensor installation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a diagnostic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the communication process of the main control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the data preprocessing flow of the main control module according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: collecting an instantaneous speed signal from a speed sensor installed at the flywheel end of the engine; collecting a knock signal from a knock sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head;

[0041] Step S2: Calculate the average speed and amplitude, and extract the harmonic energy value ratio of the instantaneous speed signal and the energy amplitude of the knock signal after performing fast Fourier transform on the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal;

[0042] Step S3: After linearly combining the average speed, amplitude, harmonic energy value ratio, energy amplitude, and the root mean square and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics, the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine is obtained, and the discrimination conditions are set for abnormal diagnosis.

[0043] Specifically, this embodiment uses the knock sensor and the instantaneous speed sensor installed on the engine to process and analyze the original sensor signals through the designed hardware circuit. The sensor installation diagram is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown, the speed sensor is located at the flywheel end of the engine, such as Figure 2 As shown in "2" on the right figure, when the engine is running, each tooth top and gap on the flywheel will pass through the speed sensor in turn. The speed sensor generates a voltage signal similar to a sine wave by sensing the alternating changes in magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit.

[0044] The knock sensor is installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head. Figure 2 This position is shown as “1” in the right figure. This position can effectively transmit the vibration generated by combustion while reducing the introduction of vibration noise.

[0045] Extract average speed and vibration amplitude The collected instantaneous speed signal and knock signal are subjected to fast Fourier transform (FFT) to obtain the frequency characteristics, and the harmonic energy value ratio F is extracted from the speed signal. s , relative detonation energy amplitude T f At the same time, combined with the root mean square value X of the knock signal in the time domain rms and variance D x For the knock signal, if it is a set of discrete data Indicates that the time domain parameters of the signal can be obtained according to the following calculation formula:

[0046] Mean: ;

[0047] RMS value: ;

[0048] variance: ;

[0049] Among them, N represents the number of data, the mean is the mathematical average of the vibration signal, that is, the arithmetic mean, which reveals the central variation of the signal. The root mean square value represents the average energy of the signal, showing the strength of the signal energy, that is, the effective value. The variance describes the difference between the actual value of the signal and the overall average value.

[0050] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the harmonic energy value ratio of the rotation speed signal is the square of the 0.5th harmonic amplitude divided by the square of the 1st harmonic amplitude.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, the FFT is improved as follows: a Hanning window is added in its calculation to reduce the spectrum leakage component of the harmonics and improve the accuracy of harmonic detection. The specific expression is:

[0052] ;

[0053] Where: is the value of the window function at position n, n is the sample point index in the window, n=0,1,…,N-1, and N is the window length.

[0054] The time domain signal is converted into a frequency domain signal through FFT, and the 0.5 harmonic energy value F is extracted in the frequency domain at the instantaneous speed signal angle. 0.5 , 1st harmonic energy value F1 and the ratio of the two F s =F 0.5 / F1; from the perspective of the knock signal, extract the relative knock energy amplitude T in the frequency domain f , and its calculation formula is:

[0055] ;

[0056] Where: is the frequency resolution; is the number of spectral lines in a specific frequency band; is the total energy of the signal; Represents the energy density value of the i-th spectral line.

[0057] Taking a certain type of 16V multi-cylinder gas engine with an ignition sequence of 1-6-2-5-8-3-7-4 as an example, Table 1 shows a list of parameters of the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal when the engine is in normal, misfire, slight knock and severe knock conditions.

[0058] Table 1

[0059]

[0060] It can be seen from Table 1 that when the engine is in normal state, F s The value is always much less than 1 and the variance, RMS value, T f The values ​​are small; with the increase of speed, the parameters increase slightly but the change is not large; when the engine is in misfire state, F s Greater than 1 and T f The value increases further; when the engine is in a slight knock state, F s is also greater than 1 and T f The value increases to 50%-70%; when the engine is in severe knock, F s Greater than 2 and T fThe value is close to 100%. Based on the above data, the linear discriminant function is used to discriminate abnormal combustion failures, and a dimensionless abnormal combustion index BS is characterized. The calculation formula is:

[0061] .

[0062] Specifically, since the instantaneous speed refers to the speed of the engine crankshaft at a certain moment, and the average speed refers to the ratio of the number of revolutions of the engine crankshaft over a period of time, and the instantaneous speed usually fluctuates due to various factors, in order to obtain a relatively stable speed component, the average speed is multiplied here, that is, Similarly, the variance and the RMS value may cause errors due to measurement or human factors. In order to reduce the error, the amplitude is multiplied here. It is the percentage of the vibration signal energy generated by the detonation combustion to the vibration signal energy of the entire combustion section, so it is relatively stable and is not processed here. Finally, BS is obtained by the linear discriminant method.

[0063] Finally, the discrimination conditions are set to divide the abnormal combustion index BS, and then the working state model of the engine is obtained:

[0064] .

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment mainly provides a method for locating a faulty cylinder, which can accurately locate the faulty cylinder number after the above-mentioned fault occurs.

[0067] Specifically, by obtaining the frequency domain F s Value, T f The values ​​and waveforms of the two sets of signals in the time domain are shown in F s Value greater than 1, T f The value is greater than 20% and BS is in a misfire state; the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal are plotted as a time domain curve within the crank angle of 0-720°.

[0068] Since different crank angle ranges represent the work done by different cylinders, further, after an abnormal combustion failure occurs in a gas engine, the work capacity of the faulty cylinder is significantly reduced. Therefore, the instantaneous speed graph of the faulty cylinder has a smaller amplitude than that of the normal cylinder. Then, based on the characteristic parameters in the instantaneous speed time domain and frequency domain and the divided crank angle, the faulty cylinder is obtained and immediately stored in the database for easy viewing and analysis of the cause of the failure.

[0069] Specifically, the instantaneous speed signal in the time domain is subtracted from the average speed and then a fast Fourier transform FFT is performed to obtain a frequency domain curve; the 0.5 harmonic energy value in the frequency domain is retained, and the rest are all assigned to 0 and then an inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT is performed to obtain a sine wave, and the crank angle corresponding to the lowest point of the sine wave is found; after the corresponding crank angle found is associated with the faulty cylinder, the crank angle of 0-720° is divided to obtain the crank angle range corresponding to different cylinders. After a fault occurs, as long as the lowest point of the obtained sine wave is analyzed, the cylinder number of the fault can be obtained.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis device based on knock and instantaneous speed, which is used for the above-mentioned gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis method based on knock and instantaneous speed.

[0072] It includes a gas engine, a vibration sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head, and a speed sensor installed at the flywheel end; a sensor signal acquisition module, which realizes the acquisition of knock signals and speed signals at a certain sampling frequency according to the Nyquist sampling theorem; a signal processing module, which can amplify and shape the signals collected by the sensor, and transmit the processed data to the main control module with MCU as the core in the form of a serial port; the main control module, which further processes the received signal after processing to calculate the instantaneous speed, vibration signal amplitude, etc.; a communication module, which realizes the signal connection between the upper computer and the lower computer through CAN / Ethernet communication, and can also eliminate interference signals; a power supply module, which is used to meet the needs of all modules in the system that need power supply; a host computer module, which parses the received data to obtain parameters such as average speed and vibration amplitude, and displays them on the interface in a certain form. At the same time, the 0.5 harmonic energy value F in the frequency domain is obtained by fast Fourier transform FFT. 0.5 , 1st harmonic energy value F1, detonation relative energy amplitude T f Then, the correlation of the above parameters is obtained based on the linear discriminant function, and further, the abnormal combustion index, state diagnosis model and fault cylinder number are obtained.

[0073] The above-mentioned gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis device based on knock and instantaneous speed also includes a monitoring alarm module, which is used to obtain data when the gas engine operates erroneously due to abnormal combustion, and record the error time and related parameters, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0074] The main control module is the core of the entire device, controlling and coordinating the work of other electronic components. In addition to receiving the processed sensor signal, the main control module also further processes the signal. Figure 5As shown in the figure, the instantaneous speed input signal enters the main control chip after limiting, and the main control chip outputs the signal after tooth averaging, filtering, and rounding. The purpose of limiting is to prevent the voltage or current entering the main control chip from being too large, causing the components to burn out, and the shaping is to convert the non-square wave signal into a square wave signal; the tooth averaging is to prevent errors caused by process problems and improve the measurement accuracy; the filtering is divided into Butterworth low-pass filtering and sliding average filtering. Since the frequency domain expression of the speed signal is mainly concentrated in the low-frequency band, the low-pass filter is designed to basically retain the low-frequency signal and suppress the high-frequency signal. The Butterworth filter is a low-pass filter with the maximum flat amplitude response. This filter ensures that the original value of the signal will not be weakened by filtering. The Butterworth low-pass filter can be expressed as:

[0075] ;

[0076] in, is the filter order, is the cut-off frequency, The main purpose of designing a sliding average filter to form a two-stage filter for the input signal frequency is to overcome the fluctuation interference caused by accidental factors; the whole cycle average is also a favorable measure to eliminate accidental factors, which can effectively improve the processing accuracy of multi-cycle data.

[0077] The knock signal needs to be processed by signal amplification, shaping, filtering, etc. Amplification is to prevent the signal from being too small to be collected; the purpose of shaping is to stabilize the amplitude and frequency of the signal and to convert the AC signal into a square wave signal; the filter uses a Chebyshev bandpass filter, which can selectively pass signals in a specific frequency range while suppressing signals of other frequencies. The frequency response curve error between the Chebyshev filter and the ideal filter is the smallest, which means that the frequency response of the Chebyshev filter is better, thus ensuring the filtering effect of the signal to a large extent. The transfer function of the Chebyshev filter is:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, is the expected cut-off frequency, is the filter order, is the ripple factor, is the input signal frequency, is the Chebyshev polynomial. The secondary filter uses a weighted average filter, which is used to reduce random errors and improve filtering accuracy.

[0080] like Figure 4As shown, the master MCU communicates with the host computer. This embodiment takes CAN communication as an example, and the communication process is implemented as follows: First, the global initialization is performed to restore the initial state. First, it is determined whether the first handshake between the lower and upper positions is successful. If it is unsuccessful, the hardware connection needs to be checked and the handshake is successful. After the first handshake is successful, the CAN communication is connected, and the communication index number, channel number, baud rate and other parameters are set. Then, it is determined whether the second handshake is successful. If it is unsuccessful, these parameters need to be matched by calling the CAN_Init function and wait for the second handshake to be successful. After the second handshake is successful, CAN is started, and the CAN_Transmit function is called for data transmission. If the host computer receives successfully, a flag bit C1 is returned, and it is set to 1 to indicate that the host computer has received the data. If the host computer does not receive or receives wrong data, the flag bit is set to 0, indicating a reception error. At this time, the lower position continues to send data until the upper position returns a flag bit of 1, and the lower computer calls the CAN_Receive function and also receives the reception success signal, and then continues the next round of circulation until the communication is disconnected.

[0081] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. Only the preferred embodiments of the present invention are expressed. The description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. As long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0082] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: collecting an instantaneous speed signal from a speed sensor installed at the flywheel end of the engine; collecting a knock signal from a knock sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head; Step S2: calculating the average speed and amplitude, and extracting the harmonic energy value ratio of the instantaneous speed signal and the energy amplitude of the knock signal after performing fast Fourier transform on the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal; Step S3: linearly combining the average speed, amplitude, harmonic energy value ratio, energy amplitude and the root mean square and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics to obtain the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine, and setting the discrimination conditions for abnormal diagnosis; The expression for linear combination in step S3 is: ； In the formula, represents the average speed, Indicates the harmonic energy value ratio, represents the amplitude, represents the relative energy amplitude of detonation, and Respectively represent the RMS value and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics; The expression of the discrimination condition in step S3 is: ； In the formula, Indicates the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine.

2. The method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The harmonic energy value ratio in step S2 is the square of the 0.5th harmonic amplitude divided by the square of the 1st harmonic amplitude.

3. The method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diagnostic method further comprises the step of locating the faulty cylinder: Step S41: When the harmonic energy value ratio is greater than 1, the knock relative energy amplitude is greater than 20%, and the engine misfires, a time domain curve is drawn for the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal within a crank angle range of 0-720°; Step S42: Subtract the average speed from the instantaneous speed signal in the time domain and perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to obtain a frequency domain curve; Step S43: retain the 0.5 harmonic energy value in the frequency domain, assign all others to 0, perform inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT, obtain a sine wave, and find the crank angle corresponding to the lowest point of the sine wave; Step S44: After associating the corresponding crank angle found in step S43 with the faulty cylinder, the crank angle of 0-720° is divided to obtain the crank angle ranges corresponding to different cylinders.

4. The method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diagnostic method also includes a signal preprocessing step: amplifying, shaping and filtering the knock signal; and shaping, limiting, tooth averaging, filtering and full-cycle averaging the instantaneous speed signal.

5. The method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diagnostic method also includes a filtering processing step: performing two-stage filtering on the instantaneous speed signal, the first stage is a Bartelsworth low-pass filter, and the second stage is a sliding average filter; performing two-stage filtering on the knock signal, the first stage is a Chebyshev bandpass filter, and the second stage is a weighted average filter.

6. The method for diagnosing abnormal combustion of a gas engine based on knock and instantaneous speed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fast Fourier transform is subjected to windowing processing.

7. A gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis device based on knock and instantaneous speed, used in the gas engine abnormal combustion diagnosis method based on knock and instantaneous speed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes sensor signal acquisition module, signal processing module, main control module, communication module, host computer module and power supply module; The sensor signal acquisition module is used to acquire the instantaneous speed signal of the speed sensor installed at the flywheel end of the engine; and to acquire the knock signal of the knock sensor installed at the bottom of the engine cylinder head; The signal processing module is used to pre-process the signal collected by the sensor signal collection module; The main control module is used to extract the harmonic energy value ratio of the instantaneous speed signal and the energy amplitude of the knock signal after performing fast Fourier transformation on the instantaneous speed signal and the knock signal; linearly combine the harmonic energy value ratio, energy amplitude, average speed, vibration amplitude, and the root mean square and variance value of the knock signal in the time domain characteristics to obtain the abnormal combustion index of the gas engine, and set the discrimination conditions for abnormal diagnosis; The communication module is used for communication between the lower computer and the upper computer; The host computer module is used for displaying parameters; The power module is used for supplying power.

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