An electrorheological gear type tool electrode and its polishing method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrorheological gear type tool electrode and a polishing method thereof, belonging to the field of ultra-precision machining. The gear type tool electrode of the present invention mainly includes a transmission main shaft part, a gear electrode anode, a gear electrode cathode, a circumferential separator and an intermediate separator. In order to prevent insulation discharge, the circumferential separator and the intermediate separator are used for isolation at the circumferential and intermediate positions; the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are bonded to both sides of the intermediate separator, and are alternately arranged circumferentially with a certain inter-electrode gap reserved. The present invention makes the electrorheological fluid stay in the inter-electrode gap of the gear electrode by applying an external electric field. When the main shaft rotates, the electrorheological fluid in the inter-electrode gap can polish the plane in a "milling" manner, and the polishing of various area planes can be adapted by increasing the size of the gear electrode in the axial direction. In addition, the linear velocity of each point in the circumferential direction of the entire electrode is equal, which helps to achieve the uniformity of material removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining technology, and particularly to an electrorheological gear type tool electrode and a polishing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of precision instruments, not only high requirements are put forward for the surface quality of workpieces, but also certain requirements are imposed on the processing efficiency and material removal uniformity of the technologies adopted. And for larger planar structures, it is necessary to consider both their processing efficiency and material removal uniformity.

[0003] At present, it is generally recognized in the industry that magnetorheological and electrorheological are the most promising ultra-precision machining technologies. The processing principles of the two are similar. Magnetorheological is stronger in processing ability than electrorheological. However, the easy establishment of the electric field, easy control of the field uniformity and stepless adjustment of the shear strength in electrorheological polishing make electrorheological have great research value.

[0004] Electrorheological polishing is a flexible ultra-precision machining technology that uses the electrode polarization of intelligent fluids to perform non-contact nanoscale grinding on workpieces, with advantages such as good surface integrity, no subsurface damage, no stress and deformation. However, the electrode structures of traditional electrorheological polishing technologies mainly include needle electrodes, plate electrodes, and ring electrodes. When polishing large planar structures, these tool electrodes still have problems such as low polishing efficiency and poor material removal uniformity.

[0005] Chinese Patent CN202310876551.3 discloses a waterwheel type electrorheological polishing electrode and a polishing machine, which rely on an externally introduced high-voltage electric field to cause the electrorheological fluid between the workpiece and the tool electrode to have an electrorheological effect, forming a flexible polishing head with a certain removal ability, and removing materials from the workpiece under the rotation of the waterwheel type electrode. However, there are still the following challenges for this waterwheel type electrode:

[0006] (1) The distance between the teeth of the tool electrode is very large, resulting in low material removal rate;

[0007] (2) The processing materials are limited, and only metal materials can be polished. There is no design of auxiliary electrodes for non-metallic materials.

[0008] In summary, there is still great room for improvement in the electrode structures in the prior art. Although the bonding problem between the electrorheological fluid and the tool electrode has been improved to a certain extent, the material removal rate still needs to be enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention provides an electrorheological gear type tool electrode and a polishing method thereof. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the polishing efficiency of the electrorheological fluid, and the polishing of various area planes can be adapted by increasing the size of the tooth electrodes in the axial direction. At the same time, the linear velocities of all points in the circumferential direction of the entire tooth electrode are equal, which helps to achieve the uniformity of material removal.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrorheological gear type tool electrode and a polishing method thereof, including a transmission main shaft part, a tooth electrode anode, a tooth electrode cathode, a circumferential separator and an intermediate separator. The tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode are adhesively connected to both sides of the intermediate separator respectively. The intermediate separator is provided with a main shaft mounting hole, and the transmission main shaft part passes through the main shaft mounting hole and is rotationally and fixedly connected thereto. The circumferential separator is circumferentially arranged on the lower surfaces of the tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode and is adhesively connected thereto.

[0011] Preferably, teeth are uniformly arranged on the cylindrical generatrices of the tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode, and the tooth widths of the teeth of the tooth electrode anode are equal to the tooth widths of the teeth of the tooth electrode cathode.

[0012] Preferably, the tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode are symmetrical parts and the teeth are arranged in a crossed manner, and the inter-pole gaps of the teeth are all equal, and the gap size is 0.5 - 1 mm.

[0013] Preferably, both the tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode are made of one of brass and red copper. A positive electrode connection column is arranged at one end of the tooth electrode anode, and a negative electrode connection column is arranged at one end of the tooth electrode cathode.

[0014] Preferably, the tooth electrode anode, the tooth electrode cathode and the intermediate separator are all correspondingly provided with connection plug holes for positioning and power connection, and the positive electrode connection column at one end of the tooth electrode anode is powered through the connection plug hole.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission main shaft part includes a main shaft, an inner ring of a conductive slip ring and an outer ring of a conductive slip ring. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the outer ring of the conductive slip ring is rotationally connected to the inner ring of the conductive slip ring.

[0016] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the circumferential separator is arc-shaped, the curvature radius of the upper surface of the circumferential separator is equal to the curvature radius of the lower surfaces of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode, and the curvature radius of the lower surface of the circumferential separator is the same as the curvature radius of the root surfaces of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode.

[0017] Preferably, the rear end surface of the circumferential separator in the axial direction is completely attached to the edge surface of the intermediate separator.

[0018] Preferably, the circumferential partition plate is made of a breakdown-resistant material.

[0019] Preferably, the intermediate partition plate is made of a non-metallic material, and frustum structures for fixing the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are provided on both sides of the intermediate partition plate.

[0020] Preferably, a polishing method for an electrorheological gear type tool electrode includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: Tool setting; The dry tool setting method is adopted. The entire generatrix of the gear electrode is used to contact the workpiece. The resistance range of the multimeter is respectively connected to the workpiece and the gear electrode. When the workpiece and the gear electrode are in contact, a certain resistance value will be displayed. At this time, the gear electrode is retracted by a certain polishing gap, and this gap is controlled between 0.3 - 0.5 mm;

[0022] S2: Power supply; The positive and negative poles of the external power supply are respectively connected to the positive and negative conductive terminals of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode through the inner and outer rings of the conductive slip ring;

[0023] S3: Filling the polishing liquid; By means of the waterwheel principle, the gear electrode is installed in a horizontal form. The axis of the gear electrode is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the gear electrode is immersed in the electrorheological fluid to a certain depth, which is greater than the depth of the gear electrode gap in the radial direction. When the gear electrode rotates one circle at a certain speed, the gap between the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode is filled with the electrorheological fluid. At this time, since the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are arranged alternately, the dielectric particles in the electrorheological fluid are polarized under the action of the external electric field and form chains along the circumferential direction;

[0024] S4: Polishing; When the motor drives the main shaft to rotate through the main shaft mounting hole, the gear electrode at this time is equivalent to a grinding wheel and realizes nanoscale polishing in the polishing gap.

[0025] Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects;

[0026] (1) The present invention has a high material removal efficiency; Since the gear electrodes are circumferentially arrayed, each group of gear electrodes has a polishing function, and the polishing of various area planes can be adapted by increasing the size of the axial gear electrodes.

[0027] (2) The present invention has better material removal uniformity; The linear velocities of all points in the circumferential direction of the entire tool electrode are equal, which helps to achieve the uniformity of material removal.

[0028] (3) The material of the workpiece that can be polished by the tool electrode of the present invention is not limited, and it is suitable for polishing not only metal materials but also non-metal materials.

[0029] (4) The present invention uses a gear - type tool electrode for polishing. For a cylindrical rotating workpiece, one - time polishing can be achieved.

[0030] (5) The tool electrode structure of the present invention is simple, facilitating processing, manufacturing and maintenance, and having relatively low production and labor costs.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional model of the overall structure of an electrorheological gear - type tool electrode of the present invention

[0033] Figure 2 is a three - dimensional model of the positive and negative electrodes of the tooth electrode of an electrorheological gear - type tool electrode of the present invention

[0034] Figure 3 is the front view of the positive and negative electrodes of the tooth electrode of an electrorheological gear - type tool electrode of the present invention

[0035] Figure 4 is the A - A cross - sectional view of the positive and negative electrodes of the tooth electrode of an electrorheological gear - type tool electrode of the present invention

[0036] Figure 5 is a three - dimensional model of the intermediate separator plate of an electrorheological gear - type tool electrode of the present invention

[0037] Reference Numerals:

[0038] 1. Transmission spindle part; 101. Spindle; 102. Inner ring of conductive slip ring; 103. Outer ring of conductive slip ring; 2. Circumferential separator plate; 3. Tooth electrode anode; 4. Tooth electrode cathode; 5. Inter - electrode gap; 6. Intermediate separator plate; 601. Frustum structure; 602. Spindle mounting hole; 7. Positive electrode connection post; 8. Connection plug hole; 9. Negative electrode connection post; Detailed Embodiments

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention pertains. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or items appearing before the word cover the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. Words such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, an electrorheological gear type tool electrode includes a transmission main shaft part 1, a gear electrode anode 3, a gear electrode cathode 4, a circumferential separator 2 and an intermediate separator 6. The gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4 are adhesively connected to both sides of the intermediate separator 6 respectively. The intermediate separator 6 is provided with a main shaft mounting hole 602. The transmission main shaft part 1 passes through the main shaft mounting hole 602 and is rotationally and fixedly connected thereto. The circumferential separator 2 is circumferentially arranged on the lower surfaces of the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4 and is adhesively connected thereto. The circumferential separator 2, the intermediate separator 6 and the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4 are adhesively bonded with an insulating glue, effectively avoiding the discharge phenomenon in the interelectrode gap 5 of the tool electrode. Wherein the transmission main shaft part 1 includes a main shaft 101, a conductive slip ring inner ring 102 and a conductive slip ring outer ring 103. The conductive slip ring inner ring 102 is fixed to the main shaft 101 by a radial bolt. The conductive slip ring outer ring is fixed as a stator and is rotationally connected to the conductive slip ring inner ring. And the output shaft of the driving motor drives the gear electrode anode 3, the gear electrode cathode 4 and the electrorheological fluid in the interelectrode gap 5 to rotate through the main shaft 101, so as to realize "milling type" polishing of the surface of the workpiece.

[0043] Furthermore, as Figures 2 - 4As shown, the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are symmetrical parts. The tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are evenly provided with teeth (not marked in the figure) on the cylindrical generatrix, and the tooth widths of the teeth on the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are equal. During installation, the teeth on the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are arranged in a cross pattern, and it is ensured that the inter-electrode gaps 5 are all equal, with the gap size being 0.5 - 1 mm. For the convenience of connecting the power supply to the tool electrode, a positive power connection post 7 is provided at one end of the tooth electrode anode 3 for connecting to the positive pole of the inner ring 102 of the conductive slip ring, and a negative wiring post 9 is provided at one end of the tooth electrode cathode 4 for connecting to the negative pole of the inner ring 102 of the conductive slip ring. At the same time, the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are fabricated using one of brass or red copper.

[0044] Furthermore, as Figure 5 shown, two frustum structures 601 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the intermediate isolation plate 6. The two frustum structures 601 are respectively used for adhesively fixing the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4. To prevent the breakdown discharge of the tooth electrodes, the material of the intermediate isolation plate 6 is a non-metallic material. At the same time, a spindle mounting hole 602 is provided in the middle of the intermediate isolation plate 6 for driving the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 adhesively fixed on the intermediate isolation plate 6 to rotate through the rotation of the spindle, so as to polish the surface of the workpiece with the electrorheological fluid in the inter-electrode gap 5.

[0045] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the circumferential isolation plate 2 is arc-shaped. The radius of the upper surface arc of the circumferential isolation plate 2 is equal to the curvature radius of the lower surfaces of the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4, and the curvature radius of the lower surface of the circumferential isolation plate 2 is the same as the curvature radius of the root surfaces of the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4, ensuring that the circumferential isolation plate 2 is completely fitted with the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4. At the same time, the rear end surface in the axial direction of the circumferential isolation plate 2 is completely fitted with the edge surface of the intermediate isolation plate 5. The circumferential isolation plate 2 supports the extended parts of the teeth of the tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode 4 and effectively reduces the residence space of the electrorheological fluid. To prevent the occurrence of discharge phenomena in the inter-electrode gap 5, the circumferential isolation plate 2 is made of a breakdown-resistant material.

[0046] Furthermore, to ensure that the inter-electrode gaps 5 are equal after the teeth of the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are arranged in a cross pattern, the tooth electrode anode 3, the tooth electrode cathode 4, and the intermediate isolation plate 6 are all correspondingly provided with power connection plug holes 8. During installation, after aligning the power connection plug holes 8 on the tooth electrode anode 3, the tooth electrode cathode 4, and the intermediate isolation plate 6, positioning is achieved to make the inter-electrode gap sizes equal. At the same time, the negative lead of the inner ring 102 of the conductive slip ring is connected to the negative power connection post 9 after passing through the power connection plug hole 8. The power connection plug hole 8 effectively ensures the inter-electrode gap 5 between the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4, and avoids the entanglement of the wires between the tool electrodes, facilitating wiring.

[0047] The present invention also provides a polishing method for an electrorheological gear type tool electrode, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: Tool setting; The tool setting adopts a dry tool setting method. The busbar of the entire gear tooth electrode is used to contact the workpiece. The resistance range of a multimeter is respectively connected to the workpiece and the gear tooth electrode. When the workpiece and the gear tooth electrode are in contact, a certain resistance value will be displayed. At this time, the gear tooth electrode is retracted by a certain polishing gap, and this gap is controlled between 0.3 - 0.5 mm;

[0049] S2: Power supply; The positive and negative poles of an external power supply are respectively connected to the positive and negative conductive terminals of the gear tooth electrode anode and the gear tooth electrode cathode through the inner and outer rings of a conductive slip ring;

[0050] S3: Filling the polishing liquid; Based on the waterwheel principle, the gear electrode is installed in a horizontal form. The axis of the gear tooth electrode is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the gear tooth electrode is immersed in the electrorheological fluid to a certain depth, which is greater than the depth of the inter - electrode gap of the gear tooth in the radial direction. When the gear tooth electrode rotates one circle at a certain speed, the inter - electrode gap between the gear tooth electrode anode and the gear tooth electrode cathode is filled with the electrorheological fluid. At this time, since the gear tooth electrode anode and the gear tooth electrode cathode are arranged alternately, the dielectric particles in the electrorheological fluid are polarized under the action of an external electric field and form chains along the circumferential direction;

[0051] S4: Polishing; When the motor drives the spindle to rotate through the spindle mounting hole, the gear tooth electrode at this time is equivalent to a grinding wheel and realizes nano - level polishing within the polishing gap.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, an electrorheological gear type tool electrode includes a driving spindle part 1, a tooth electrode anode 3, a tooth electrode cathode 4, a circumferential separator 2 and an intermediate separator 6. The tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are adhesively connected to both sides of the intermediate separator 6 respectively. The intermediate separator 6 is provided with a spindle mounting hole 602. The driving spindle part 1 passes through the spindle mounting hole 602 and is rotationally and fixedly connected thereto. The circumferential separator 2 is arranged circumferentially on the lower surfaces of the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 and is adhesively connected thereto. The circumferential separator 2, the intermediate separator 6 and the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are adhesively bonded with an insulating adhesive, effectively avoiding the discharge phenomenon in the interelectrode gap 5 of the tool electrode. Among them, the driving spindle part 1 includes a spindle 101, a conductive slip ring inner ring 102 and a conductive slip ring outer ring 103. The conductive slip ring inner ring 102 and the spindle 101 are fixed together by radial bolts. The conductive slip ring outer ring is fixed as a stator and is rotationally connected to the conductive slip ring inner ring. And the output shaft of the driving motor drives the electrorheological fluid in the tooth electrode anode 3, the tooth electrode cathode 4 and the interelectrode gap 5 to rotate through the spindle 101, realizing the "milling type" polishing of the surface of the workpiece.

[0054] Further, as Figures 2 - 4 shown, the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are symmetrical parts. The tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are evenly provided with teeth (not marked in the figure) on the cylindrical generatrix. The tooth widths of the teeth on the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are equal. During installation, the teeth on the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are arranged in a cross pattern, and it is ensured that the interelectrode gaps 5 of the teeth are all equal, and the gap size is 0.5 - 1 mm. For the convenience of power connection of the tool electrode, a positive power connection column 7 is welded at one end of the tooth electrode anode 3 for connection with the positive pole of the conductive slip ring inner ring 102, and a negative connection column 9 is welded at one end of the tooth electrode cathode 4 for connection with the negative pole of the conductive slip ring inner ring 102. At the same time, the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are made of one of brass and red copper. During manufacturing, the teeth on the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 and the tooth electrode matrix are separated and assembled after being manufactured by 3D printing.

[0055] Further, as Figure 5 shown, two frustum structures 601 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the intermediate separator 6. The two frustum structures 601 are respectively used for adhesively fixing the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4. To avoid breakdown discharge of the tooth electrode, the intermediate separator 6 is made of a non-metallic material. At the same time, a spindle mounting hole 602 is provided in the middle of the intermediate separator for the rotation of the spindle to drive the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 adhesively connected to the intermediate separator 6 to rotate, realizing the polishing of the workpiece surface by the electrorheological fluid in the interelectrode gap 5.

[0056] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the circumferential partition plate 2 is arc-shaped. The radius of the upper surface arc of the circumferential partition plate 2 is equal to the radius of curvature of the lower surfaces of the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4, and the radius of curvature of the lower surface of the circumferential partition plate 2 is the same as that of the root surfaces of the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4, ensuring that the circumferential partition plate 2 fits perfectly with the gear electrode anode 3 and the gear electrode cathode 4. At the same time, the rear end surface of the circumferential partition plate 2 in the axial direction fits perfectly with the edge surface of the intermediate partition plate 5. The circumferential partition plate 2 supports the extended parts of the teeth of the tooth electrode anode and the tooth electrode cathode 4 and effectively reduces the residence space of the electrorheological fluid. To avoid discharge phenomena in the interelectrode gap 5, the circumferential partition plate 2 is made of a breakdown-resistant material.

[0057] Furthermore, to ensure that the interelectrode gaps 5 are equal after the teeth of the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 are arranged in a cross pattern, the tooth electrode anode 3, the tooth electrode cathode 4, and the intermediate partition plate 6 are all provided with electrical connection plug holes 8. During installation, after aligning the electrical connection plug holes 8 on the tooth electrode anode 3, the tooth electrode cathode 4, and the intermediate partition plate 6, positioning is achieved to make the interelectrode gap sizes equal. At the same time, the negative lead of the inner ring 102 of the conductive slip ring is connected to the negative electrical connection post 9 after passing through the electrical connection plug hole 8. The electrical connection plug hole 8 effectively ensures the interelectrode gap 5 between the tooth electrode anode 3 and the tooth electrode cathode 4 and avoids the entanglement of the wires between the tool electrodes, facilitating wiring.

[0058] Furthermore, the circumferential partition plate 2 and the intermediate partition plate 6 are manufactured by 3D printing.

[0059] Therefore, the present invention adopts an electrorheological gear-type tool electrode with the above structure and its polishing method. The workpiece is polished by the gear-type tool electrode. Since the tooth electrodes are distributed in a circumferential array, each group of tooth electrodes has a polishing function, and the polishing of various area planes can be adapted by increasing the size of the axial tooth electrodes, effectively improving the polishing efficiency. At the same time, the linear velocity of each point in the circumferential direction of the entire tool electrode is equal, which helps to achieve the uniformity of material removal. By designing the tool electrode into a continuous structure, the present invention does not impose any restrictions on the conductivity of the material of the polished workpiece, and is applicable not only to metal materials but also to the polishing of non-metal materials.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrorheological gear tool electrode, characterized in that: It includes a transmission main shaft part, a gear electrode anode, a gear electrode cathode, a circumferential isolation plate and an intermediate isolation plate. The gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are respectively bonded to the two sides of the intermediate isolation plate. The intermediate isolation plate is provided with a main shaft mounting hole. The transmission main shaft part passes through the main shaft mounting hole and is rotatably fixedly connected thereto. The circumferential isolation plate is circumferentially arranged on the lower surface of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode and is bonded thereto. Gear teeth are evenly arranged on the cylindrical busbars of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode. The width is equal to the gear tooth width of the gear electrode cathode; the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are symmetrical parts, the gear teeth are arranged crosswise, and the inter-electrode gaps of the gear teeth are equal; the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are both made of one of brass and copper, one end of the gear electrode anode is provided with a positive pole connecting pole, and one end of the gear electrode cathode is provided with a negative pole connecting pole; the transmission main shaft part includes a main shaft, a conductive slip ring inner ring and a conductive slip ring outer ring, the conductive slip ring inner ring is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the conductive slip ring outer ring is rotatably connected to the conductive slip ring inner ring.

2. The electrorheological gear tool electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear electrode anode, the gear electrode cathode and the intermediate isolation plate are all provided with corresponding power connection plug holes for positioning and power connection, and the negative pole power connection column at one end of the gear electrode cathode is connected to the power connection plug hole for power supply.

3. The electrorheological gear tool electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the circumferential isolation plate is arc-shaped, the upper surface of the circumferential isolation plate has the same curvature radius as the lower surfaces of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode, and the lower surface of the circumferential isolation plate has the same curvature radius as the root surfaces of the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode.

4. The electrorheological gear tool electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear end surface of the circumferential isolation plate in the axial direction is completely in contact with the edge surface of the middle isolation plate; the circumferential isolation plate is made of a breakdown-resistant material.

5. The electrorheological gear tool electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the intermediate isolation plate is non-metallic material, and both sides of the intermediate isolation plate are provided with a truncated cone structure for fixing the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode.

6. A polishing method for an electrorheological gear tool electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Tool setting: dry tool setting is adopted, the busbar of the entire gear electrode is used to contact the workpiece, and the resistance gear of the multimeter is used to connect the workpiece and the gear electrode respectively. When the workpiece and the gear electrode are in contact, a certain resistance value will be displayed. At this time, the gear electrode is retracted to a certain polishing gap, which is controlled between 0.3-0.5mm; S2: Power supply; connect the positive and negative electrodes of the external power supply to the positive and negative conductive terminals of the gear electrode anode and gear electrode cathode respectively through the inner and outer rings of the conductive slip ring; S3: Filling polishing liquid; with the help of the waterwheel principle, the gear electrode is installed in a horizontal form, the gear electrode axis is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the gear electrode is immersed in the electrorheological fluid at a certain depth, which is greater than the depth of the gear electrode gap in the radial direction. When the gear electrode rotates one circle at a certain speed, the inter-electrode gap between the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode is filled with electrorheological fluid. At this time, since the gear electrode anode and the gear electrode cathode are arranged alternately, the dielectric particles in the electrorheological fluid are polarized under the action of the external electric field and form chains along the circumferential direction; S4: Polishing; when the motor drives the spindle to rotate through the spindle mounting hole, the gear tooth electrode at this time is equivalent to a grinding wheel, and nano-level polishing is achieved in the polishing gap.

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