A preparation method of multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a multifunctional soil organic water retaining agent, belongs to the technical field of soil water retaining agents, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 8-10 parts of acrylamide, 2-4 parts of a neutralizer, 2-4 parts of a cross-linking agent, and 2-4 parts of bentonite. The preparation technology of the multifunctional soil organic water retaining agent of the invention consumes less energy, has a simple process, effectively reduces the cost, is simple in technology, and is easy to operate. The multifunctional soil organic water retaining agent of the invention has excellent water absorption performance, which can reach up to 223 times, and has long-lasting water retention. In addition, the multifunctional soil organic water retaining agent of the invention does not use heavy metal compounds in the preparation process, is green and environmentally friendly, does not cause soil acidification after long-term application, and can also regulate the nitrification reaction of nitrogen elements in the soil, so it can be widely used in agricultural production, gardening, desertification control and other fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of farmland water-retaining agents, and in particular to a preparation method of a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent. Background Art

[0002] Soil water-retaining agents, also known as agricultural and forestry water-retaining agents, are usually made of high-molecular polymers containing a large number of hydrophilic groups. Such compounds can absorb and retain a large amount of water when the moisture content in the soil environment is high, and at the same time expand their volume to dozens or even hundreds of times their original size. When the moisture content in the environment is low, the water is released back into the soil, and the volume shrinks back to its original size, repeating the cycle. Therefore, it has the effect of improving the soil's water holding capacity and improving the soil. Not only that, its internal network structure can also absorb and fix fertilizer elements in the soil, reduce nutrient loss, and promote plant growth. Therefore, it is widely used in land desertification control, agricultural and forestry crop planting, and landscaping.

[0003] Although soil water retainers have many advantages mentioned above, their raw materials usually contain more organic acids, so long-term application may lead to soil acidification. Excessive soil acidity will inhibit plant growth and affect the structure of microbial communities in the soil, thereby affecting soil fertility. This greatly limits the use of soil water retainers in plants in medium / alkaline soils. In addition, traditional water retainers may also contain harmful heavy metal substances such as cadmium, lead, and mercury. These substances may penetrate into the groundwater system in the soil, thereby polluting the water quality. These are all problems that soil water retainers need to solve at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 8-10 parts of acrylamide, 2-4 parts of a neutralizer, 2-4 parts of a cross-linking agent, and 2-4 parts of bentonite;

[0007] The preparation method of the multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0008] In the first step, potassium polyacrylate and acrylamide are dissolved in water to prepare a microemulsion;

[0009] The second step is to add a neutralizing agent to the microemulsion and mix evenly;

[0010] The third step is to add a crosslinking agent to the microemulsion and stir for 1 hour to allow the polymer molecules in the system to crosslink;

[0011] The fourth step is to add bentonite to the microemulsion, adjust the pH value of the solution, and bake to obtain the soil organic water-retaining agent;

[0012] Furthermore, in the first step, the ratio of potassium polyacrylate to acrylamide was 1:1, and the concentration of the microemulsion was 25%;

[0013] Further, the temperature condition of cross-linking in the third step is 50-70°C;

[0014] Furthermore, in the fourth step, the pH range of the microemulsion after adjustment is 6-8, the baking temperature is 60-90° C., and the baking time is 12 h;

[0015] Further, the neutralizing agent is formed by mixing modified hydroxyethyl cellulose and biochar in a ratio of 4:1;

[0016] Further, the cross-linking agent is cassava starch;

[0017] Furthermore, the composite functional agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0018] Step 1, pyrazole, epichlorohydrin, and triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to a three-necked flask, a condenser and a thermometer are installed, a magnetic stirrer is turned on, and the mixture is reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 2 hours. Solid sodium hydroxide is added to the three-necked flask, and the mixture is reacted for another hour. The mixture is filtered, and the obtained filtrate is added to a three-necked flask, a condenser and a thermometer are installed, a magnetic stirrer is turned on, pyrazole and triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to the three-necked flask, the mixture is reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 3 hours, and then the mixture is rotary evaporated to obtain intermediate 1;

[0019] Step 2, add intermediate 1, butyl bromide and anhydrous ethanol into a three-necked flask, install a condenser and a thermometer, turn on the magnetic stirrer, react at a temperature of 50° C. for 6 hours, and after the reaction is completed, rotary evaporate, and recrystallize the product with acetone to obtain intermediate 2;

[0020] Step 3, add succinic acid solution and concentrated sulfuric acid into a three-necked flask, install a condenser and a thermometer, turn on the magnetic stirrer, add intermediate 2 into the three-necked flask, react at 90°C for 2h, and after the reaction, add ethyl acetate into the three-necked flask for extraction, separate the organic layer with a separatory funnel, and then rotary evaporate to obtain intermediate 3;

[0021] Step 4, add hydroxyethyl cellulose and ethanol solution into a three-necked flask, install a condenser and a thermometer, start magnetic stirring, adjust the pH to 9 with sodium hydroxide solution, then add intermediate 3 into the three-necked flask, react at 45°C for 1h, add hydrochloric acid into the three-necked flask to adjust the pH to 6.5, then wash with anhydrous ethanol, and after washing, dry in an oven at 60°C to obtain modified hydroxyethyl cellulose;

[0022] Further, in step 1, the amount ratio of pyrazole added for the first time, epichlorohydrin, triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride added for the first time, solid sodium hydroxide, pyrazole added for the second time, and triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride added for the second time is 3.4g:4.6g:0.8g:1.4-2g:3.4g:1g;

[0023] Further, the usage ratio of intermediate 1, bromobutyl and anhydrous ethanol in step 2 is 8g:9.7-10.5g:150-180g;

[0024] Further, the succinic acid solution in step 3 is a 10% by mass aqueous solution of succinic acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid solution is a 98% by mass aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, and the amount ratio of succinic acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, and intermediate 2 in step 3 is 15g:9.2g:12-13g;

[0025] Furthermore, the ethanol solution in step 4 is an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 90%, the sodium hydroxide solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 3%, and the dosage ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethanol solution and intermediate 3 in step 4 is 20g:30-35g:3.2-4g.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0027] (1) The present invention uses potassium polyacrylate, acrylamide, modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, biochar, cassava starch and bentonite as raw materials to prepare a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent. The soil water-retaining agent does not use chemical substances containing heavy metals during the preparation process, is green and environmentally friendly, and does not cause soil acidification problems;

[0028] (2) The present invention uses pyrazole as a raw material and epichlorohydrin as a bridging agent, utilizes the ring-opening reaction of epichlorohydrin and imine, and the property that the other end can remove HCl under alkaline conditions to regenerate an epoxy group and repeatedly react with imine to obtain intermediate 1, utilizes intermediate 1 and butyl bromide to undergo a quaternary ammonium salt reaction to obtain intermediate 2, then utilizes -OH of intermediate 2 and succinic acid to undergo an esterification reaction to obtain intermediate 3 with -COOH, and finally, enables intermediate 3 to undergo an esterification reaction with -OH in hydroxyethyl cellulose activated by ethanol under weakly alkaline conditions and grafts onto hydroxyethyl cellulose to obtain modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, wherein there are two hydrophilic quaternary ammonium salt structures in the intermediate 3 molecule, Intermediate 3 is grafted onto hydroxyethyl cellulose, which can not only greatly improve the water absorption performance of the modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, but also enhance its solubility in water. The pyrazole ring in the modified hydroxyethyl cellulose finally obtained contains two adjacent N atoms. This type of compound has a good inhibitory effect on nitrifying bacteria in the soil. Adding it to the soil water retainer can effectively regulate the conversion rate of nitrogen in the soil, reduce the nitrogen loss caused by the volatilization and nitrification of ammonia, and thus increase the yield of crops. In addition, azole compounds can also absorb acids by forming proton-type ionic liquids to form stable salts, thereby solving the problem of soil acidification caused by long-term application of soil water retainers.

[0029] (3) The soil water retaining agent of the present invention has excellent water absorption performance, which can not only effectively increase the soil water content, but also improve the soil fertility and thus increase the yield. In addition, the soil water retaining agent of the present invention will not cause the problem of soil acidification, and does not contain heavy metal elements, which is green and environmentally friendly. Therefore, it can be widely used in plants in both neutral soil and alkaline soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Modified hydroxyethyl cellulose is made by the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, 3.4 g pyrazole, 4.6 g epichlorohydrin, and 0.8 g triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to a container, stirred, reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 2 h, 1.4 g solid sodium hydroxide is added to the container, reacted for another 1 h, filtered, the obtained filtrate is added to a container, 3.4 g pyrazole and 1 g triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to the container, stirred, reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 3 h, and then rotary evaporated to obtain intermediate 1;

[0034] Step 2, 8 g of intermediate 1, 9.7 g of bromobutyl and 150 g of anhydrous ethanol were added into a container, stirred, and reacted at 50° C. for 6 h. After the reaction was completed, rotary evaporation was performed, and the product was recrystallized with acetone to obtain intermediate 2;

[0035] Step 3, 15 g of 10% by mass succinic acid aqueous solution and 9.2 g of 98% by mass sulfuric acid aqueous solution are added to a container, stirred, 12 g of intermediate 2 is added to the container, and the reaction is carried out at 90° C. for 2 h. After the reaction is completed, ethyl acetate is added to the container for extraction, and the organic layer is separated by a separatory funnel, and then the intermediate 3 is obtained by rotary evaporation;

[0036] Step 4, add 20g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 30g of ethanol solution into a container, stir, adjust the pH to 9 with a 3% by mass sodium hydroxide solution, then add 3.2g of intermediate 3 into the container, react at 45°C for 1h, add hydrochloric acid into the container to adjust the pH to 6.5, then wash with anhydrous ethanol, and after washing, dry in an oven at 60°C to obtain modified hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Modified hydroxyethyl cellulose is made by the following steps:

[0039] Step 1, 3.4 g pyrazole, 4.6 g epichlorohydrin, and 0.8 g triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to a container, stirred, reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 2 h, 1.7 g solid sodium hydroxide is added to the container, reacted for another 1 h, filtered, the obtained filtrate is added to a container, 3.4 g pyrazole and 1 g triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to the container, stirred, reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 3 h, and then rotary evaporated to obtain intermediate 1;

[0040] Step 2, 8 g of intermediate 1, 10.1 g of bromobutyl and 165 g of anhydrous ethanol were added into a container, stirred, and reacted at 50° C. for 6 h. After the reaction was completed, rotary evaporation was performed, and the product was recrystallized with acetone to obtain intermediate 2;

[0041] Step 3, 15 g of 10% by mass aqueous succinic acid solution and 9.2 g of 98% by mass aqueous sulfuric acid solution are added to a container, stirred, 12.5 g of intermediate 2 is added to the container, and the reaction is carried out at 90° C. for 2 h. After the reaction is completed, ethyl acetate is added to the container for extraction, and the organic layer is separated by a separatory funnel, and then the intermediate 3 is obtained by rotary evaporation;

[0042] Step 4, add 20g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 32.5g of ethanol solution into a container, stir, adjust the pH to 9 with a 3% by mass sodium hydroxide solution, then add 3.6g of intermediate 3 into the container, react at 45°C for 1h, add hydrochloric acid into the container to adjust the pH to 6.5, then wash with anhydrous ethanol, and after washing, dry in an oven at 60°C to obtain modified hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Modified hydroxyethyl cellulose is made by the following steps:

[0045] Step 1, 3.4 g pyrazole, 4.6 g epichlorohydrin, and 0.8 g triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to a container, stirred, reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 2 h, 2 g solid sodium hydroxide is added to the container, reacted for another 1 h, filtered, the obtained filtrate is added to a container, 3.4 g pyrazole and 1 g triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride are added to the container, stirred, reacted at a temperature of 82° C. for 3 h, and then rotary evaporated to obtain intermediate 1;

[0046] Step 2, 8 g of intermediate 1, 10.5 g of bromobutyl and 180 g of anhydrous ethanol were added into a container, stirred, and reacted at 50° C. for 6 h. After the reaction was completed, rotary evaporation was performed, and the product was recrystallized with acetone to obtain intermediate 2;

[0047] Step 3, 15 g of 10% by mass succinic acid aqueous solution and 9.2 g of 98% by mass sulfuric acid aqueous solution are added to a container, stirred, 13 g of intermediate 2 is added to the container, and the reaction is carried out at 90° C. for 2 h. After the reaction is completed, ethyl acetate is added to the container for extraction, and the organic layer is separated by a separatory funnel, and then the intermediate 3 is obtained by rotary evaporation;

[0048] Step 4, add 20g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 35g of ethanol solution into a container, stir, adjust the pH to 9 with a 3% by mass sodium hydroxide solution, then add 4g of intermediate 3 into the container, react at a temperature of 45°C for 1h, add hydrochloric acid into the container to adjust the pH to 6.5, then wash with anhydrous ethanol, and after washing, dry in an oven at 60°C to obtain modified hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] This comparative example is hydroxyethyl cellulose sold by Hubei Haijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0051] The modified hydroxyethyl cellulose obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 and the hydroxyethyl cellulose sold by Hubei Haijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd. were respectively prepared into solutions with the same mass fraction, and nitrogen fertilizer with the same pure nitrogen content (pure nitrogen content is 1 mg) and the prepared solutions were added to 10g black soil (water content 40%) with similar components cultured indoors in 4 groups, and then placed in a 25°C constant temperature and humidity incubator for closed culture. During this period, gas samples were collected and replaced every three days to maintain an aerobic state, and the cumulative release of meteorological N2O and the soil pH value were recorded on the first, seventh, fourteenth and twenty-eighth days. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0052] Table 1

[0053]

[0054] It can be seen from Table 1 that the amount of N2O released from the soil to which the modified hydroxyethyl cellulose solutions of Examples 1-3 were added was significantly reduced compared with that of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the net nitrification process in the soil was effectively inhibited. It can also be seen that the acidity of the soil to which the solutions prepared in Examples 1-3 were added was also reduced, indicating that the modified hydroxyethyl cellulose prepared in Examples 1-3 had the effect of slowing down the nitrification in the soil and improving the soil acidification.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] A method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 9 parts of acrylamide, 2.4 parts of modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.6 parts of biochar, 3 parts of cassava starch, and 3 parts of bentonite;

[0057] The preparation method of the multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0058] In the first step, potassium polyacrylate and acrylamide are dissolved in water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a microemulsion with a concentration of 25%;

[0059] In the second step, modified hydroxyethyl cellulose and biochar are added to the microemulsion and mixed evenly;

[0060] The third step is to add cassava starch to the microemulsion and stir at 50-70°C for 1 hour to cross-link the polymer molecules in the system;

[0061] The fourth step is to add bentonite to the microemulsion, adjust the pH value of the microemulsion to 6-8, and bake at 60-90° C. for 12 hours to obtain the soil organic water retaining agent;

[0062] Example 5

[0063] A method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 9 parts of acrylamide, 3.2 parts of modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.8 parts of biochar, 2 parts of cassava starch, and 2 parts of bentonite;

[0064] The preparation method of the multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0065] In the first step, potassium polyacrylate and acrylamide are dissolved in water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a microemulsion with a concentration of 25%;

[0066] In the second step, modified hydroxyethyl cellulose and biochar are added to the microemulsion and mixed evenly;

[0067] The third step is to add cassava starch to the microemulsion and stir at 50-70°C for 1 hour to cross-link the polymer molecules in the system;

[0068] The fourth step is to add bentonite to the microemulsion, adjust the pH value of the microemulsion to 6-8, and bake at 60-90° C. for 12 hours to obtain the soil organic water retaining agent;

[0069] Example 6

[0070] A method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 10 parts of acrylamide, 1.6 parts of modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.4 parts of biochar, 4 parts of cassava starch, and 4 parts of bentonite;

[0071] The preparation method of the multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0072] In the first step, potassium polyacrylate and acrylamide are dissolved in water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a microemulsion with a concentration of 25%;

[0073] In the second step, modified hydroxyethyl cellulose and biochar are added to the microemulsion and mixed evenly;

[0074] The third step is to add cassava starch to the microemulsion and stir at 50-70°C for 1 hour to cross-link the polymer molecules in the system;

[0075] The fourth step is to add bentonite to the microemulsion, adjust the pH value of the microemulsion to 6-8, and bake at 60-90° C. for 12 hours to obtain the soil organic water retaining agent;

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] This comparative example is the agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent sold by Henan Chuangjia Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0078] The soil organic water retaining agents prepared in Examples 4-6 and the agricultural and forestry water retaining agent of Comparative Example 2 were tested for water absorption and water retention;

[0079] Water absorption test: Weigh the same mass W0 of water retaining agent and put it into water, wait until it reaches water absorption saturation equilibrium, then filter it through a 100-mesh sieve. When the water-absorbing gel stops dripping, weigh the mass of the water-absorbing gel and record it as W. 1， Then calculate the water absorption multiple = (W1-W0) / W0;

[0080] Water retention test: After reaching the water absorption saturation balance, the water retaining agent is dried in an oven at 65°C, and the mass W of the water retaining agent is recorded at 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 3h, and 4h. n , calculated water retention rate = (W n -W0) / (W1-W0)×100%. The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] From Table 2, it can be seen that the soil organic water-retaining agents prepared in Examples 4-6 have a much greater water absorption multiple than the agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent in Comparative Example 2, and are also stronger in water retention performance than the agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent in Comparative Example 2, indicating that the water-retaining agent of the present invention is superior to other water-retaining agents on the market.

[0084] The soil organic water retaining agents prepared in Examples 4-6 and the agricultural and forestry water retaining agent of Comparative Example 2 were subjected to application experiments. The soil organic water retaining agents of Examples 4-6 and the agricultural and forestry water retaining agent of Comparative Example 2 were respectively applied under the same conditions in red soil dryland peanut soil, and the fruit setting rate, 100-fruit weight, per-acre yield, soil bulk density and soil water content after application were compared. The detailed results are shown in Table 3;

[0085] Table 3

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] It can be seen from Table 3 that the soil organic water-retaining agents of Examples 4-6 are better than those of Comparative Example 2 in terms of improving soil moisture content, 100-fruit weight, fruit setting rate, per-acre yield, and reducing soil pond bulk density. Among them, when Example 4 is applied at 5 kg / acre, the fruit setting rate is increased the most, which is 17.69%; the 100-fruit weight is increased the most, which is 3.98%; the per-acre yield is increased the most, which is 30.07%; when Example 4 is applied at 10 kg / acre, the soil moisture content is increased the most, which is 18.84%; the soil bulk density is reduced the most, which is 0.74%. It can be seen that the application of the multifunctional organic water-retaining agent for soil of the present invention can effectively promote the growth of peanuts and increase yield.

[0089] In addition, the water retaining agent of the present invention is green and environmentally friendly, does not contain heavy metal compounds in its ingredients, and can improve soil acidification problems and slow down nitrification in the soil to regulate nitrogen in the soil. Therefore, it can be widely used in agricultural production, landscaping, desertification control and other fields.

[0090] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 8-10 parts of acrylamide, 2-4 parts of a neutralizer, 2-4 parts of a cross-linking agent, and 2-4 parts of bentonite; The preparation method of the multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent comprises the following steps: In the first step, potassium polyacrylate and acrylamide are dissolved in water to prepare a microemulsion; The second step is to add a neutralizing agent to the microemulsion and mix evenly; The third step is to add a crosslinking agent to the microemulsion and stir for 1 hour to allow the polymer molecules in the system to crosslink; The fourth step is to add bentonite to the microemulsion, adjust the pH value of the solution, and bake to obtain the soil organic water-retaining agent; Wherein, the cross-linking agent in the third step is cassava starch, and the cross-linking temperature condition is 50-70°C; The neutralizer is prepared by mixing modified hydroxyethyl cellulose and biochar in a mass ratio of 4:1; The preparation method of the modified hydroxyethyl cellulose comprises the following steps: Step 1, add the first added pyrazole, epichlorohydrin, and the first added triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride into a container, react at a temperature of 82° C. for 2 hours, add solid sodium hydroxide into the container, filter, add the obtained filtrate and the second added pyrazole and the second added triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride into a container, react at a temperature of 82° C. for 3 hours, and obtain intermediate 1; Step 2, adding intermediate 1, ethyl bromide and anhydrous ethanol into a container, reacting at 50° C. for 6 hours to obtain intermediate 2; Step 3, adding succinic acid solution and concentrated sulfuric acid solution into a container, stirring evenly, and then dropping intermediate 2 into the container, reacting at 90° C. for 2 h to obtain intermediate 3 with a carboxyl group; Step 4, adding hydroxyethyl cellulose and ethanol solution into a container, adjusting the pH to 9 with sodium hydroxide solution, then adding intermediate 3 into the container, reacting at a temperature of 45° C. for 1 hour to obtain modified hydroxyethyl cellulose; Among them, the dosage ratio of pyrazole, epichlorohydrin, triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, solid sodium hydroxide, pyrazole, and triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride added for the first time in step 1 is 3.4g:4.6g:0.8g:1.4-2g:3.4g:1g.

2. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of intermediate 1, bromobutyl and anhydrous ethanol in step 2 is 8g:9.7-10.5g:150-180g.

3. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The succinic acid solution in step 3 is a succinic acid aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 10%, and the concentrated sulfuric acid solution is a sulfuric acid aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 98%.

4. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of succinic acid, concentrated sulfuric acid and intermediate 2 in step 3 is 15g:9.2g:12-13g.

5. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ethanol solution in step 4 is an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 90%, and the sodium hydroxide solution is an sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 3%.

6. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethanol solution and intermediate 3 in step 4 is 20g:30-35g:3.2-4g.

7. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first step, the mass ratio of potassium polyacrylate to acrylamide was 1:1, and the concentration of the microemulsion was 25%.

8. The method for preparing a multifunctional soil organic water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fourth step, after adjustment, the pH range of the microemulsion is 6-8, the baking temperature is 60-90° C., and the baking time is 12 h.

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