Temperature-adaptive radiation cooling self-cleaning functional fabric and preparation method

Abstract

The present application discloses a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling self-cleaning functional fabric and a preparation method, comprising: washing the fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it; adding poly-PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder together to a deionized water or ethanol solution and placing it in an emulsifier for high-speed stirring to prepare a finishing agent; immersing the fabric in the finishing agent and ultrasonically treating it for 10 minutes, finishing it through a two-immersion and two-rolling process and drying it at a temperature of 60°C to prepare a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric; placing the co-impregnated fabric in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking treatment. The fabric prepared in the present application has a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling effect, and has a series of properties such as anti-fouling self-cleaning function, UV resistance, and aging resistance. It can achieve low-cost, wide-width mass production and has very broad application prospects in the fields of clothing and industrial textiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of clothing and industrial textiles, and specifically relates to a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional cooling methods, such as air conditioning, consume significant amounts of energy, undoubtedly increasing carbon emissions and failing to meet the goals of my country's "dual carbon" policy. Recently, emerging radiative cooling technology, as a passive cooling method, requires no energy. It radiates heat directly through the atmosphere through an 8-13μm "transparent atmospheric window" into the cold outer space, achieving highly efficient cooling and truly "zero-carbon" cooling.

[0003] However, there is a problem that needs to be solved in the radiation cooling technology, that is, a large amount of heat will still be radiated on cold nights or in winter, which will indirectly lead to increased carbon emissions from heating. To address this problem, there is a work that uses the addition of thermochromic phase change microcapsules to change the surface color of the substrate to regulate the temperature. For example, CN114736566 A discloses a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning temperature-adaptive radiation cooling coating and a coating preparation method. The thermochromic phase change microcapsules used are white at high temperatures and highly reflective of sunlight, and appear colorful at low temperatures to absorb sunlight and increase temperature. However, the coating of this technology still has problems such as a small color adjustable range, complex composition, high production and preparation cost, and poor long-term stability of the microcapsules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric and a preparation method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in this application is: a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling self-cleaning functional fabric, the surface of the functional fabric is provided with a cooling coating, and the cooling coating includes polydimethylsiloxane and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane to tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide is 1-50:0.1-2.

[0007] Furthermore, the tungsten doping ratio in the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide is 1.5% to 2%.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the cooling coating is 0.2 to 0.6 mm.

[0009] Another technical solution adopted in this application is: a method for preparing a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling self-cleaning functional fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Wash the fabric with deionized water and acetone and dry to remove oil stains and other impurities;

[0011] Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder are added together in deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiation cooling and self-cleaning functions.

[0012] The fabric was immersed in the finishing agent and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes, finished by a two-dipping and two-padding process, and then dried at a temperature of 60°C to prepare a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric;

[0013] The co-impregnated fabric was placed in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking treatment to prepare a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling self-cleaning functional fabric; the plasma treatment process parameters were: power 100W, discharge voltage 220Pa, treatment time 60-90s, and argon as the working gas.

[0014] Furthermore, the mass concentration of polydimethylsiloxane is 1 g / L to 50 g / L.

[0015] Furthermore, the addition amount of tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder is 0.1 g / L to 2 g / L.

[0016] Furthermore, the liquid rolling rate in the two-dipping and two-rolling process is controlled at 50% to 70%.

[0017] Furthermore, the fabric is a natural fiber fabric or a synthetic fiber fabric.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the PDMS used in the present invention is a highly transparent material for visible light, and the amount of tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder added is extremely small, which does not affect the light transmittance of PDMS. The finished fabric can maintain its original color, thereby achieving the color diversity of the radiation cooling fabric, and the cost is low and the material stability is high; the infrared emissivity of the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide can be automatically switched within a certain range of surface temperature, and its infrared emissivity switching temperature can be controlled by adjusting the tungsten doping ratio; PDMS is a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating, which can avoid the problems of radiation cooling and intelligent temperature regulation performance degradation caused by dust deposition on the surface of the cooling fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] The present application provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling self-cleaning functional fabric, wherein the surface of the functional fabric is provided with a cooling coating, which includes polydimethylsiloxane and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide. The mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane to tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide is 1 to 50:0.1 to 2, the tungsten doping ratio in the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide is 1.5% to 2%, and the thickness of the cooling coating is 0.2 to 0.6 mm.

[0022] The method for preparing the functional fabric comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step S1. Washing the fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it to remove oil and other impurities;

[0024] Step S2. PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder are added together to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiative cooling and self-cleaning functions, wherein the PDMS mass concentration is 1 g / L to 50 g / L and the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder is added in an amount of 0.1 g / L to 2 g / L;

[0025] Step S3. The fabric of step S1 is immersed in the finishing agent of step S2 and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes. After finishing by two dipping and two padding processes and drying, a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric is prepared, wherein the padding rate is controlled at 50% to 70% and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0026] Step S4: Placing the fabric from step S3 in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking to produce a temperature-adaptive, radiative cooling, self-cleaning fabric. Plasma treatment parameters are: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 60-90 seconds, and argon as the working gas.

[0027] The fabric is a natural fiber fabric or a synthetic fiber fabric. The natural fiber fabric is one or more of cotton, linen, silk, and wool. The synthetic fiber fabric is one or more of polypropylene, polyester, nylon, viscose, acrylic, polyethylene, chloroprene, and spandex.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0030] Step S1. Washing the polyester fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it to remove oil and other impurities;

[0031] Step S2. PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder were added to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiative cooling and self-cleaning functions, wherein the PDMS concentration was 2 g / L and the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder was added in an amount of 0.1 g / L.

[0032] Step S3. The fabric of step S1 is immersed in the finishing agent of step S2 and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes. After finishing by two dipping and two padding processes and drying, a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric is prepared, wherein the padding rate is controlled at 50% and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0033] Step S4: Placing the fabric from step S3 in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking to produce a temperature-adaptive, radiative cooling, self-cleaning fabric. Plasma treatment parameters are: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 60 s, and argon as the working gas.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This embodiment provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0036] Step S1. Washing the cotton fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it to remove oil and other impurities;

[0037] Step S2. PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder were added to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiative cooling and self-cleaning functions, wherein the PDMS concentration was 20 g / L and the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder was added in an amount of 0.5 g / L.

[0038] Step S3. The fabric of step S1 is immersed in the finishing agent of step S2 and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes. After finishing by two dipping and two padding processes and drying, a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric is prepared, wherein the padding rate is controlled at 60% and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0039] Step S4: Placing the fabric from step S3 in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking to produce a temperature-adaptive, radiative cooling, self-cleaning fabric. Plasma treatment parameters are: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 70 s, and argon as the working gas.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] This embodiment provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0042] Step S1. Washing the nylon fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it to remove oil and other impurities;

[0043] Step S2. PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder were added to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiative cooling and self-cleaning functions, wherein the PDMS concentration was 30 g / L and the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder was added in an amount of 1.5 g / L.

[0044] Step S3. The fabric of step S1 is immersed in the finishing agent of step S2 and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes. After finishing by two dipping and two padding processes and drying, a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric is prepared, wherein the padding rate is controlled at 55% and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0045] Step S4: Placing the fabric from step S3 in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking to produce a temperature-adaptive, radiative cooling, self-cleaning fabric. Plasma treatment parameters are: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 80 s, and argon as the working gas.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] This embodiment provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0048] Step S1. Washing the polypropylene fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it to remove oil and other impurities;

[0049] Step S2. PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder were added to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiative cooling and self-cleaning functions, wherein the PDMS concentration was 50 g / L and the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder was added in an amount of 2 g / L.

[0050] Step S3. The fabric of step S1 is immersed in the finishing agent of step S2 and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes. After finishing by two dipping and two padding processes and drying, a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric is prepared, wherein the padding rate is controlled at 70% and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0051] Step S4: Placing the fabric from step S3 in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking to produce a temperature-adaptive, radiative cooling, self-cleaning fabric. Plasma treatment parameters are: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 90 s, and argon as the working gas.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] This embodiment provides a temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric, the preparation method of which is as follows:

[0054] Step S1. Washing the viscose fiber fabric with deionized water and acetone and drying it to remove oil and other impurities;

[0055] Step S2. PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder were added to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiative cooling and self-cleaning functions, wherein the PDMS concentration was 35 g / L and the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder was added in an amount of 1 g / L.

[0056] Step S3. The fabric of step S1 is immersed in the finishing agent of step S2 and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes. After finishing by two dipping and two padding processes and drying, a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric is prepared, wherein the padding rate is controlled at 65% and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0057] Step S4: Placing the fabric from step S3 in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking to produce a temperature-adaptive, radiative cooling, self-cleaning fabric. Plasma treatment parameters are: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 75 s, and argon as the working gas.

[0058] Test Case

[0059] The cooling performance test under direct sunlight and the nighttime warmth retention performance test were conducted on ordinary cotton fabric and the temperature-adaptive radiant cooling self-cleaning functional fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 5, respectively. The details are as follows:

[0060] Cooling test: Since there is no reference test standard for radiant cooling technology, we refer to the test environment in most literature and select a sunny summer day from 9 am to 3 pm, with an average temperature of 35°C, an average humidity of 65%, and a wind speed of 1-2. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Cooling test of ordinary cotton fabric and fabrics of various embodiments

[0062]

[0063] As can be seen from Table 1, the temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present application have a relatively obvious cooling performance when exposed to strong summer sunlight. Compared with ordinary cotton fabrics, the average surface temperature of the fabric drops by 3 to 7°C, and the average temperature of the object covered by the fabric drops by 3 to 8°C.

[0064] Among them, the infrared emissivity of tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide can automatically switch with the surface temperature in the range of 0.25 to 0.85, and its infrared emissivity switching temperature can be controlled by adjusting the tungsten doping ratio. For example, when the doping ratio is 1.5%, the phase change threshold is 25°C, thereby realizing a "switch" function of the infrared emissivity of the material at this temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of adaptive temperature regulation, that is, when the temperature is higher than 25°C, the infrared emissivity of the temperature-adaptive radiation cooling and self-cleaning functional fabric increases significantly, turning on the cooling mode. When the temperature is lower than this, the infrared radiation is suppressed, achieving the purpose of warming and heat preservation.

[0065] Thermal insulation performance test: The test period was from 9:00 PM to 2:00 AM the next day, with an average temperature of 15°C, an average humidity of 70%, and a wind speed of 1-2. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2 Warmth retention performance test of ordinary cotton fabric and fabrics of various embodiments

[0067]

[0068] As can be seen from Table 2, the temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present application have an average surface temperature increase of 4 to 7°C and an average temperature increase of 4 to 6°C on the objects covered by the fabric when the temperature is low at night, compared with ordinary cotton fabrics, and have relatively obvious heating and heat preservation performance.

[0069] Self-cleaning performance test: The self-cleaning performance of a fabric is related to its hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. The static contact angle and dynamic rolling angle of a water droplet of the temperature-adaptive radiant cooling self-cleaning functional fabric prepared in Examples 1 to 5 were tested. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0070] Table 3 Tests on static contact angle and dynamic rolling angle of water droplets of ordinary cotton fabric and fabrics of various embodiments

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] As can be seen from Table 3, the static contact angles of water droplets of the temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present application are all greater than 150°, and the dynamic rolling angles of water droplets are all within 6°, indicating that the temperature-adaptive radiant cooling and self-cleaning functional fabrics prepared in the present application are all superhydrophobic fabrics with excellent self-cleaning functions, and the PDMS material itself has excellent weather resistance such as UV resistance and aging resistance, so the functional fabric meets the needs of long-term outdoor use.

[0074] The fabric prepared in the present application has a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling effect, that is, it can realize the intelligent temperature adjustment function of "warm in winter and cool in summer", and has a series of properties such as stain resistance and self-cleaning function, UV resistance, and aging resistance. It can be mass-produced at low cost and with wide width, and has very broad application prospects in the fields of clothing (such as intelligent temperature-regulating clothing, outdoor work clothes, special work clothing, etc.) and industrial textiles (such as temperature-regulating tent cloth, temperature-regulating tarpaulin cloth, temperature-regulating agricultural cloth, temperature-regulating construction cloth, car covers, etc.).

[0075] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling self-cleaning functional fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Wash the fabric with deionized water and acetone and dry to remove oils and other impurities; Polydimethylsiloxane and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder are added together to a deionized water or ethanol solution and stirred at high speed in an emulsifier to prepare a finishing agent with temperature-adaptive radiation cooling and self-cleaning functions; wherein the mass concentration of the polydimethylsiloxane is 1 g / L to 50 g / L; the amount of the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide powder added is 0.1 g / L to 2 g / L; The fabric was immersed in the finishing agent and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes, and then finished by a two-dipping and two-padding process and dried at a temperature of 60° C. to prepare a PDMS and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide co-impregnated fabric; The co-impregnated fabric was placed in a plasma discharge device for plasma-induced crosslinking treatment to prepare a temperature-adaptive radiation cooling self-cleaning functional fabric; wherein the plasma treatment process parameters were: power 100 W, discharge voltage 220 Pa, treatment time 60-90 s, and working gas argon.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid pressing rate in the two-dipping and two-pressing process is controlled at 50% to 70%.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The fabric is a natural fiber fabric or a synthetic fiber fabric.

4. A fabric prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The surface of the fabric is provided with a cooling coating, which comprises polydimethylsiloxane and tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide.

5. The fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that The mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide is 1-50:0.1-2.

6. The fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that The tungsten doping ratio in the tungsten-doped nano-vanadium dioxide is 1.5% to 2%.

7. The fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that The thickness of the cooling coating is 0.2-0.6 mm.

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