A device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of water surface treatment, and in particular to a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater, comprising a floating platform, a water diversion bucket is installed through the front part of the floating platform, the water diversion bucket is arranged obliquely, a guide plate extends at the upper edge of the inner bottom surface of the water diversion bucket, a cover shell is arranged behind the water diversion bucket, the lower end of the cover shell is fixedly connected with a water guide shell, the middle part of the rear end of the water guide shell is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe, a filter cylinder is rotatably installed at the rear end of the cover shell, the filter cylinder is arranged obliquely, the water outlet pipe extends into the interior of the filter cylinder, a rotating part is installed inside the cover shell, the rotating part is connected to the filter cylinder, two pull rings are symmetrically fixedly installed at the front edge of the upper end face of the floating platform, the present invention expands the collection range and improves the collection effect, and at the same time avoids the overflow of seawater from the filter cylinder, ensures the normal collection operation, and can facilitate the discharge of microplastics, which is convenient for use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water surface treatment, and in particular to a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater. Background Art

[0002] Plastic waste in the ocean is affected by factors such as sunlight and is easily decomposed into microplastics with a diameter of no more than 5 mm. These microplastics form a suspension with the surface of the sea water, seriously affecting the marine ecological environment and the normal life of marine organisms. In order to alleviate this phenomenon, people have created collection facilities to collect microplastics. However, most of the existing collection facilities are fixed-point collection, and their collection range is limited, resulting in poor collection effects. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the background technology and to propose a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater, comprising a floating platform, a water diversion bucket is installed through the front part of the floating platform, the water diversion bucket is arranged at an angle, a guide plate extends at the upper edge of the inner bottom surface of the water diversion bucket, a cover shell is arranged behind the water diversion bucket, the lower end of the cover shell is fixedly connected to a water guide shell, the middle part of the rear end of the water guide shell is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe, a filter cylinder is rotatably installed at the rear end of the cover shell, the filter cylinder is arranged at an angle, the water outlet pipe extends into the interior of the filter cylinder, a rotating part is installed inside the cover shell, and the rotating part is connected to the filter cylinder.

[0005] Preferably, two pull rings are symmetrically fixedly installed at the front edge of the upper end face of the floating platform, a plurality of floats are evenly distributed and installed on both sides of the floating platform, the inner bottom surface of the water guide shell is inclined toward the water outlet pipe, a hanger is fixedly installed in the middle of the rear end surface of the cover shell, two ring frames are symmetrically fixedly installed at the lower end of the hanger, and the filter cylinder passes through the inner side of the ring frame.

[0006] Preferably, shell frames are fixedly installed on both sides of the cover shell, and the lower ends of the shell frames are fixed to the floating platform. The outer surface of the filter cylinder is coaxially symmetrically inlaid with two guide rings, and the cross-sectional shape of the guide ring is L-shaped. The two guide rings are located between two ring frames, and the front and rear ends of the guide rings are both fitted with a plurality of No. 2 guide wheels in a circular array, and the No. 2 guide wheels are connected to the ring frames. The outer surface of the guide ring is fitted with a plurality of No. 1 guide wheels in a circular array, and the No. 1 guide wheel is connected to the ring frame, and the No. 1 guide wheel and the No. 2 guide wheel are staggered.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of angle brackets are fixedly installed in an annular array on the outer surface of the ring frame, two No. 2 wheel axles are penetrated and inlaid on the ends of the angle brackets, and the No. 2 guide wheel is installed on the outer surface of the No. 2 wheel axle, a plurality of No. 1 wheel axles are penetrated and inlaid on the front end of the ring frame in an annular array, and the No. 1 guide wheel is installed on the outer surface of the No. 1 wheel axle, and the rear end of the filter cylinder is open, and a filter cover is provided at the rear end of the filter cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting ear is fixedly installed on one side of the filter cover, a concave seat is fixedly installed on one edge of the filter cylinder, the end of the connecting ear is located inside the concave seat, a connecting shaft is rotatably installed inside the concave seat, the end of the connecting ear is embedded in the outer surface of the connecting shaft, a locking column is elastically installed on the other side of the filter cylinder, a locking ear is fixedly installed on the other side of the filter cover, a locking seat is fixedly installed on the other side of the filter cylinder, the end of the locking ear is located inside the locking seat, and the lower end of the locking column passes through between the locking ear and the locking seat.

[0009] Preferably, the outer surface of the locking column is coaxially fitted with a carrier shell, the outer surface of the carrier shell is fixedly mounted with a fixing ear, the end of the fixing ear is fixed to the filter cylinder, the outer surface of the locking column is coaxially inlaid with a pressure cap, the outer surface of the pressure cap fits the inner wall of the carrier shell, a compression spring is wound around the outer side of the locking column, the lower end of the compression spring is fixed to the pressure cap, the upper end of the compression spring is fixed to the inner top surface of the carrier shell, and a holding ring is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the locking column.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating member includes a plate shaft coaxially passing through and rotatably installed between the two inner sides of the cover shell, and the outer surfaces of the plate shaft are respectively provided with two groups of paddles, and the paddles correspond to the rear end edges of the water diversion buckets. There are multiple paddles in each group, and the multiple paddles are arranged in a circular array. Reinforcing rings are embedded between the multiple paddles, and a transmission shaft is rotatably installed passing through the middle part of the rear end of the cover shell, and the front end part of the transmission shaft and the middle part of the outer surface of the plate shaft are coaxially embedded with gears, and the two gears are meshed with each other, and the transmission shaft is connected to the filter cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a large pulley is coaxially fixedly installed in the middle of the outer surface of the filter cylinder, a small pulley is coaxially embedded in the rear end of the transmission shaft, a synchronous belt is connected between the small pulley and the large pulley, the outer cover of the gear is provided with a protective shell, the film shaft and the transmission shaft are both inserted into the interior of the protective shell, and the film shaft and the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the protective shell.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. Use the boat to drive the floating platform to move on the sea surface, so that the surface seawater flows into the water guide shell at the bottom of the cover along the water guide bucket, and is introduced into the filter cylinder through the outlet pipe, so as to use the filter cylinder to filter and collect the microplastics mixed in the seawater. The process can collect microplastics on the sea surface while moving, thereby effectively expanding the collection range and improving the collection efficiency.

[0014] 2. When the surface seawater flows upward along the water diversion bucket, the guide plate will drain the dispersed seawater in the water diversion bucket, causing it to gather into two streams of seawater, which will impact the paddle on the blade shaft when entering the cover shell, causing it to rotate, and then drive the filter drum to rotate through the transmission shaft and the synchronous belt. At this time, the No. 2 guide wheel and the No. 1 guide wheel roll on the guide ring to assist the rotation of the filter drum, thereby accelerating the discharge of seawater from the filter drum to avoid the overflow of seawater from the filter drum caused by the continuous entry of seawater into the filter drum and the slow discharge. At the same time, when the filter drum is rotating, it can prevent microplastics from aggregating and clogging the filter drum, further preventing seawater from overflowing from the filter drum, thereby effectively ensuring the normal collection operation.

[0015] 3. Under the tilting action of the filter cylinder, the microplastics collected by the filter cylinder can gradually gather at the bottom, and then the locking column is directly pulled so that the locking column pushed by the compression spring can be separated from the locking seat and the locking ear and collected into the carrier shell, so that the locking ear and the locking seat can be separated, and then the filter cover can be directly turned to open the bottom of the filter cylinder to discharge the collected microplastics. The process is simple to operate and effectively facilitates use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cover of a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another viewing angle of a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of middle;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filter cover of a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a guide ring of a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7This is an internal view of a carrier shell of a device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1, floating platform; 2, buoy; 3, water guide bucket; 4, guide plate; 5, shell frame; 6, cover shell; 7, paddle; 8, reinforcement ring; 9, plate shaft; 10, protective shell; 11, transmission shaft; 12, water guide shell; 13, pull ring; 14, water outlet pipe; 15, filter cylinder; 16, ring frame; 17, guide ring; 18, guide wheel No. 1; 19, angle frame; 20, guide wheel No. 2; 21, Carrier shell; 22, connecting ear; 23, concave seat; 24, connecting shaft; 25, filter cover; 26, small pulley; 27, synchronous belt; 28, large pulley; 29, locking seat; 30, locking ear; 31, pressure cap; 32, compression spring; 33, locking column; 34, holding ring; 35, fixing ear; 36, No. 1 axle; 37, No. 2 axle; 38, hanger; 39, gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 7 The device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater shown in the figure comprises a floating platform 1, a water diversion bucket 3 is installed through the front part of the floating platform 1, and the water diversion bucket 3 plays the role of guiding the surface seawater into the water guide shell 12. The water diversion bucket 3 is arranged at an angle, which can reduce the resistance when moving forward, and at the same time allow the seawater to flow upward to generate impulse. A guide plate 4 extends at the upper edge of the inner bottom surface of the water diversion bucket 3, and the guide plate 4 will divert the dispersed seawater in the water diversion bucket 3 to gather it into two streams of seawater, so as to increase the impact force to impact the paddle 7, so that the paddle shaft 9 can rotate. A cover shell 6 is arranged at the rear of the water diversion bucket 3, and the lower end of the cover shell 6 is fixedly connected to the water guide shell 12. The water guide shell 12 A water outlet pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear end, and the water outlet pipe 14 allows the seawater in the water guide shell 12 to flow into the filter cylinder 15. The filter cylinder 15 is rotatably installed at the rear end of the cover shell 6. The filter cylinder 15 is inclined to facilitate the movement of microplastics to the bottom of the filter cylinder 15. The water outlet pipe 14 extends into the interior of the filter cylinder 15. A rotating part is installed inside the cover shell 6, and the rotating part is connected to the filter cylinder 15. The ship pulls the floating platform 1 to move on the sea surface, so that the surface seawater flows into the water guide shell 12 at the bottom of the cover shell 6 along the water guide bucket 3, and is introduced into the filter cylinder 15 through the water outlet pipe 14, so that the microplastics mixed in the seawater can be filtered and collected by using the filter cylinder 15.

[0026] Two pull rings 13 are symmetrically fixedly installed at the front edge of the upper end of the floating platform 1. Multiple buoys 2 are evenly distributed on both sides of the floating platform 1. The pull rings 13 can be connected to ropes so that they can be pulled and moved by ships. The inner bottom surface of the water guide shell 12 is inclined toward the water outlet pipe 14. The buoys 2 play a role in increasing buoyancy. A hanger 38 is fixedly installed in the middle of the rear end surface of the cover shell 6. Two ring frames 16 are symmetrically fixedly installed at the lower end of the hanger 38. The hanger 38 plays a role in connecting the filter cylinder 15, and the filter cylinder 15 passes through the inner side of the ring frame 16.

[0027] A shell frame 5 is fixedly installed on both sides of the cover shell 6, and the lower end of the shell frame 5 is fixed to the floating platform 1. The shell frame 5 plays a role in supporting and fixing the cover shell 6. The outer surface of the filter cylinder 15 is coaxially symmetrically inlaid with two guide rings 17. The cross-sectional shape of the guide ring 17 is L-shaped. The two guide rings 17 are located between the two ring frames 16. The front and rear ends of the guide rings 17 are fitted with a plurality of No. 2 guide wheels 20 in a circular array. The No. 2 guide wheel 20 is connected to the ring frame 16. The outer surface of the guide ring 17 is fitted with a plurality of No. 1 guide wheels 18 in a circular array. The No. 1 guide wheel 18 is connected to the ring frame 16. The No. 1 guide wheel 18 and the No. 2 guide wheel 20 are staggered. The No. 1 guide wheel 18, the No. 2 guide wheel 20 and the guide ring 17 play a role in guiding the filter cylinder 15 when it rotates.

[0028] A plurality of angle frames 19 are fixedly installed in an annular array on the outer surface of the ring frame 16, and two No. 2 wheel axles 37 are embedded through the ends of the angle frames 19, and the angle frames 19 serve to support the No. 2 wheel axles 37, and the No. 2 guide wheel 20 is installed on the outer surface of the No. 2 wheel axle 37, and the No. 2 wheel axle 37 serves to connect the No. 2 guide wheel 20. A plurality of No. 1 wheel axles 36 are embedded through the front end annular array of the ring frame 16, and the ring frame 16 serves to support the No. 1 guide wheel 18 and the No. 2 guide wheel 20, and the No. 1 guide wheel 18 is installed on the outer surface of the No. 1 wheel axle 36. The rear end of the filter cylinder 15 is open to facilitate the discharge of the collected microplastics, and the rear end of the filter cylinder 15 is provided with a filter cover 25.

[0029] A connecting ear 22 is fixedly installed on one side of the filter cover 25, and a concave seat 23 is fixedly installed on one edge of the filter cylinder 15. The concave seat 23 serves to connect the connecting shaft 24. The end of the connecting ear 22 is located inside the concave seat 23, and the connecting shaft 24 is rotatably installed inside the concave seat 23. The end of the connecting ear 22 is embedded in the outer surface of the connecting shaft 24, and the connecting shaft 24 and the connecting ear 22 serve to hinge the filter cover 25. A locking column 33 is elastically installed on the other side of the filter cylinder 15, and a locking ear 30 is fixedly installed on the other side of the filter cover 25. A locking seat 29 is fixedly installed on the other side of the filter cylinder 15, and the end of the locking ear 30 is located inside the locking seat 29. The lower end of the locking column 33 passes through between the locking ear 30 and the locking seat 29, and the locking column 33 can lock the locking ear 30 and the locking seat 29, that is, fix the filter cover 25.

[0030] The outer surface of the locking column 33 is coaxially fitted with the carrier shell 21, and a fixing ear 35 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the carrier shell 21. The carrier shell 21 serves to support the locking column 33, and the end of the fixing ear 35 is fixed to the filter cylinder 15. The fixing ear 35 serves to fix the carrier shell 21. The outer surface of the locking column 33 is coaxially inlaid with a pressure cap 31, and the outer surface of the pressure cap 31 fits the inner wall of the carrier shell 21. A compression spring 32 is wound around the outer side of the locking column 33, and the lower end of the compression spring 32 is fixed to the pressure cap 31, and the upper end of the compression spring 32 is fixed to the inner top surface of the carrier shell 21. The compression spring 32 serves to push the locking column 33 between the locking ear 30 and the locking seat 29, and a holding ring 34 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the locking column 33.

[0031] The rotating part includes a sheet shaft 9 that is coaxially penetrated and rotatably installed between the two sides of the interior of the cover shell 6. Two groups of paddles 7 are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the sheet shaft 9. The paddles 7 correspond to the rear end edge of the water diversion bucket 3. The sheet shaft 9 plays a role in carrying the paddles 7. There are multiple paddles 7 in each group, and the multiple paddles 7 are arranged in a circular array. Reinforcing rings 8 are embedded between the multiple paddles 7, and the reinforcing rings 8 play a role in strengthening the connection of the paddles 7. A transmission shaft 11 is rotatably installed through the middle of the rear end of the cover shell 6. The front end of the transmission shaft 11 and the middle of the outer surface of the sheet shaft 9 are coaxially embedded with gears 39. The two gears 39 are meshed with each other, and the transmission shaft 11 plays a transmission role. The transmission shaft 11 is connected to the filter cylinder 15, and the gear 39 plays a role in connecting the transmission shaft 11 and the sheet shaft 9.

[0032] A large pulley 28 is coaxially fixedly installed in the middle of the outer surface of the filter cylinder 15, and a small pulley 26 is coaxially inlaid on the rear end of the transmission shaft 11. The large pulley 28 and the small pulley 26 connect the synchronous belt 27. A synchronous belt 27 is connected between the small pulley 26 and the large pulley 28, and the synchronous belt 27 plays a transmission role. A protective shell 10 is provided on the outer side of the gear 39, and the film shaft 9 and the transmission shaft 11 are both inserted into the interior of the protective shell 10, and the film shaft 9 and the transmission shaft 11 are rotatably connected to the protective shell 10, and the protective shell 10 plays a role in covering and protecting the gear 39.

[0033] During collection, the floating platform 1 is pulled by the boat to move on the sea surface, so that the surface seawater flows into the water guide shell 12 at the bottom of the cover shell 6 along the water guide bucket 3, and is introduced into the filter cylinder 15 through the outlet pipe 14, so that the microplastics mixed in the seawater are filtered and collected by the filter cylinder 15. In this process, when the surface seawater flows upward along the water guide bucket 3, the guide plate 4 will drain the dispersed seawater in the water guide bucket 3 to gather it into two streams of seawater, so that when entering the cover shell 6, it will impact the paddle 7 on the sheet shaft 9 to make it rotate, and then drive the filter cylinder 15 to rotate through the transmission shaft 11 and the synchronous belt 27. At this time, the second guide wheel 20, The No. 1 guide wheel 18 rolls on the guide ring 17 to assist the rotation of the filter cylinder 15, thereby accelerating the discharge of seawater from the filter cylinder 15. When a large amount of microplastics are collected in the filter cylinder 15 and need to be discharged, the locking column 33 can be directly pulled so that the locking column 33 pushed by the compression spring 32 can be disengaged from the locking seat 29 and the locking ear 30 and be received in the carrier shell 21, so that the locking ear 30 and the locking seat 29 can be separated, and then the filter cover 25 can be directly moved to open the bottom of the filter cylinder 15 to discharge the collected microplastics, and then the filter cover 25 can be reset to continue moving on the sea surface to collect microplastics on the surface of the seawater.

[0034] In the present invention, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of this specification, if the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments" and the like appear, it means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0036] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater, comprising a floating platform (1), characterized in that: A water diversion bucket (3) is installed through the front part of the floating platform (1), the water diversion bucket (3) is arranged in an inclined manner, a guide plate (4) extends from the upper edge of the inner bottom surface of the water diversion bucket (3), a cover shell (6) is arranged behind the water diversion bucket (3), the lower end of the cover shell (6) is fixedly connected to a water guide shell (12), the middle part of the rear end of the water guide shell (12) is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe (14), a filter cylinder (15) is rotatably installed at the rear end of the cover shell (6), the filter cylinder (15) is arranged in an inclined manner, the water outlet pipe (14) extends into the interior of the filter cylinder (15), and a rotating part is installed inside the cover shell (6), and the rotating part is connected to the filter cylinder (15); Two pull rings (13) are symmetrically fixedly installed at the front edge of the upper end of the floating platform (1), a plurality of buoys (2) are evenly distributed and installed on both sides of the floating platform (1), the inner bottom surface of the water guide shell (12) is inclined toward the water outlet pipe (14), a hanger (38) is fixedly installed in the middle of the rear end surface of the cover shell (6), two ring frames (16) are symmetrically fixedly installed at the lower end of the hanger (38), and the filter cylinder (15) passes through the inner side of the ring frame (16); A shell frame (5) is fixedly mounted on both sides of the cover shell (6), the lower end of the shell frame (5) is fixed to the floating platform (1), the outer surface of the filter cylinder (15) is coaxially symmetrically inlaid with two guide rings (17), the cross-sectional shape of the guide ring (17) is L-shaped, the two guide rings (17) are located between two ring frames (16), the front and rear ends of the guide rings (17) are fitted with a plurality of No. 2 guide wheels (20) in an annular array, the No. 2 guide wheels (20) are connected to the ring frame (16), and the outer surface of the guide ring (17) is fitted with a plurality of No. 1 guide wheels (18) in an annular array, the No. 1 guide wheel (18) is connected to the ring frame (16), and the No. 1 guide wheel (18) and the No. 2 guide wheel (20) are staggered; The rotating member comprises a sheet shaft (9) coaxially penetrating and rotatably mounted between two sides of the inner part of the housing (6); two groups of paddles (7) are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the sheet shaft (9); the paddles (7) correspond to the rear end edge of the water diversion bucket (3); the number of paddles (7) in each group is multiple; the multiple paddles (7) are arranged in a ring array; reinforcing rings (8) are embedded through the multiple paddles (7); a transmission shaft (11) is rotatably mounted through the middle of the rear end of the housing (6); a gear (39) is coaxially embedded between the front end of the transmission shaft (11) and the middle of the outer surface of the sheet shaft (9); the two gears (39) are meshed with each other; and the transmission shaft (11) is connected to the filter cylinder (15); A large pulley (28) is coaxially fixedly mounted in the middle of the outer surface of the filter cylinder (15); a small pulley (26) is coaxially embedded in the rear end of the transmission shaft (11); a synchronous belt (27) is connected between the small pulley (26) and the large pulley (28); a protective shell (10) is provided on the outer cover of the gear (39); the sheet shaft (9) and the transmission shaft (11) both penetrate the interior of the protective shell (10), and the sheet shaft (9) and the transmission shaft (11) are rotatably connected to the protective shell (10); A plurality of angle frames (19) are fixedly mounted in an annular array on the outer surface of the ring frame (16); two No. 2 wheel axles (37) are embedded through the ends of the angle frames (19); the No. 2 guide wheels (20) are mounted on the outer surfaces of the No. 2 wheel axles (37); a plurality of No. 1 wheel axles (36) are embedded through the front end of the ring frame (16) in an annular array; the No. 1 guide wheels (18) are mounted on the outer surfaces of the No. 1 wheel axles (36); the rear end of the filter cylinder (15) is open; and a filter cover (25) is provided at the rear end of the filter cylinder (15).

2. A device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting ear (22) is fixedly mounted on one side of the filter cover (25); a concave seat (23) is fixedly mounted on one side edge of the filter cylinder (15); an end of the connecting ear (22) is located inside the concave seat (23); a connecting shaft (24) is rotatably mounted inside the concave seat (23); an end of the connecting ear (22) is embedded in the outer surface of the connecting shaft (24); a locking column (33) is elastically mounted on the other side of the filter cylinder (15); a locking ear (30) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the filter cover (25); a locking seat (29) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the filter cylinder (15); an end of the locking ear (30) is located inside the locking seat (29); and a lower end of the locking column (33) is mounted between the locking ear (30) and the locking seat (29).

3. A device for collecting microplastics on the surface of seawater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the locking column (33) is coaxially fitted with the carrier shell (21), and a fixing ear (35) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the carrier shell (21), and the end of the fixing ear (35) is fixed to the filter cylinder (15). The outer surface of the locking column (33) is coaxially inlaid with a pressure cap (31), and the outer surface of the pressure cap (31) is fitted with the inner wall of the carrier shell (21). A compression spring (32) is wound around the outer side of the locking column (33), and the lower end of the compression spring (32) is fixed to the pressure cap (31), and the upper end of the compression spring (32) is fixed to the inner top surface of the carrier shell (21). A holding ring (34) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the locking column (33).

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