An elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a conveying method for changing the placement spacing

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of material transportation, and discloses an elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a conveying method for changing the placement spacing, which are used to solve the problem that the material placement spacing cannot be automatically adjusted when the transported material changes. The method comprises: collecting shape information of the currently transported material, and calculating the required space coefficient according to the shape information; collecting friction information of the currently transported material, and calculating the friction coefficient according to the friction information; obtaining the unit weight of the currently transported material, and calculating the weight distribution uniformity of the material; calculating the load coefficient of the tower according to the unit weight and the weight distribution uniformity; calculating the spacing adjustment factor according to the required space coefficient, the friction coefficient and the load coefficient of the tower; calculating the actual placement spacing of the material according to the spacing adjustment factor; and adjusting the material placement spacing according to the actual placement spacing, thereby effectively improving the transportation efficiency of the material and reducing the material damage rate caused by the placement spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of material transportation, and more specifically to an elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a transportation method for changing the placement spacing. Background Art

[0002] The elliptical spiral chain tower is a kind of equipment used for industrial material transportation, usually composed of a spiral chain structure and an elliptical tower body. It realizes continuous material transportation in a limited space through a multi-layer spiral conveying path. It is widely used in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries for cooling, heating, drying or storing materials. It has the characteristics of efficient use of space, energy saving and improved production efficiency.

[0003] In material transportation, the placement spacing of the conveyed materials is usually changed by adjusting the tension of the chain or mesh chain in the elliptical spiral mesh chain tower. The existing method of changing the material placement spacing through the elliptical spiral mesh chain tower is usually to manually adjust the placement spacing. However, in actual use, the elliptical spiral mesh chain tower may change the type of material being transported. This adjustment method cannot automatically adjust according to the change in the type of material. Each time the material is changed, the placement spacing needs to be adjusted manually, which wastes manpower and material resources. The unreasonable placement spacing may be caused by human errors, resulting in damage to the material.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a conveying method for changing the placement spacing to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a conveying method for changing the placement spacing, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Collect the shape information of the current transported material and calculate the required space coefficient based on the shape information;

[0009] Step 2: Collect the friction information of the currently transported material and calculate the friction coefficient based on the friction information;

[0010] Step 3: Obtain the weight information of the currently transported material, which is the weight of the material per unit volume, recorded as unit weight, and calculate the uniformity of the weight distribution of the material. The load factor of the tower is calculated based on the unit weight and the uniformity of the weight distribution. The calculation formula is: , where LD is the load factor of the tower, Expressed as the unit weight of the material, Indicates uniformity of weight distribution;

[0011] Step 4: Calculate the spacing adjustment factor based on the required space coefficient, friction coefficient and tower load coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where DA is the spacing adjustment factor, SR is the required space factor, FT is the friction factor, and LD is the tower load factor. , , The weighting factor is expressed as the required space factor, the friction factor and the load factor of the tower;

[0012] Step 5: Calculate the actual material placement spacing based on the spacing adjustment factor, and adjust the material placement spacing based on the actual placement spacing.

[0013] Preferably, the step of calculating the required space coefficient according to the shape information is:

[0014] A camera device is installed at the material placement location to ensure that the three-dimensional image of the material can be fully acquired, and the three-dimensional image of the material is denoised and grayed;

[0015] Use edge detection algorithm to find the outer contour of the material and generate a two-dimensional contour map of the material;

[0016] Generate a 3D mesh model of the material based on the 3D image and the 2D contour map of the material in combination with the 3D reconstruction algorithm, and use the mesh volume integration algorithm in the 3D modeling tool to calculate the volume of the model as the volume of the material placed each time;

[0017] According to the 3D mesh model of the material, the irregular information of the material is obtained, and the shape irregularity is calculated based on the irregular information;

[0018] The material volume and shape irregularity are normalized, and the required space coefficient is calculated based on the normalized material volume and shape irregularity. The calculation formula is: , where SR is the required space factor, V 实际 It is expressed as the volume of the material, and Lr represents the irregularity of the shape.

[0019] Preferably, the step of using an edge detection algorithm to find the outer contour line of the material and generate a two-dimensional contour map of the material is:

[0020] Use the Sobel operator to calculate the horizontal and vertical gradients of each pixel;

[0021] In the gradient direction, compare the gradient values ​​of the current pixel with those of the two pixels before and after it. If the gradient of the current pixel is not the local maximum, set it to 0.

[0022] Using two thresholds T low With T high Perform edge detection, higher than T high Pixels with a value lower than T are defined as edge pixels. low Pixels with are ignored;

[0023] By tracing the edge pixels and connecting them to form a complete edge, we can finally get a two-dimensional contour map of the material.

[0024] Preferably, the step of calculating the shape irregularity according to the irregular information is:

[0025] Based on the 3D mesh model of the material, the material volume and surface area are obtained through the automated tools of the 3D modeling software;

[0026] Fit the shape of the material into a sphere, use it as a reference object, and obtain the volume and surface area of ​​the sphere;

[0027] The shape irregularity is calculated by the sphericity calculation method, and its calculation formula is: , where Lr represents the shape irregularity, V 球 Expressed as the volume of the sphere, V 实际 Expressed as material volume, A 球 is the surface area of ​​the sphere, A 实际 is the surface area of ​​the material.

[0028] Preferably, the step of calculating the friction coefficient according to the friction information is:

[0029] Obtain the surface roughness of the material and the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt;

[0030] The friction coefficient is calculated based on the roughness of the material surface and the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt. The calculation formula is: , where FT represents the friction coefficient, R1 represents the surface roughness of the material, and R2 represents the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt.

[0031] Preferably, the step of calculating the uniformity of weight distribution of the material is:

[0032] Divide the load-bearing area of ​​the spiral chain tower into n partitions and record the material weight of each partition;

[0033] Calculate the average weight of all partitioned materials;

[0034] The weight standard deviation of the partitioned materials is calculated based on the average weight;

[0035] The weight distribution uniformity is calculated based on the average weight and weight standard deviation, and the calculation formula is: , where Uw Expressed as weight distribution uniformity, wt 均 Expressed as average weight, Expressed as weight standard deviation.

[0036] Preferably, the step of calculating the actual placement spacing of the materials according to the spacing adjustment factor is:

[0037] Set a standard placement spacing and monitor the spacing adjustment factor of materials in real time;

[0038] The actual placement spacing is calculated based on the spacing adjustment factor of the material. The calculation formula is: ,in Indicates the actual placement spacing. It is represented as the standard placement spacing, and DA is represented as the spacing adjustment factor;

[0039] Place materials according to actual placement spacing.

[0040] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0041] Collect the shape information of the currently transported material, and calculate the required space coefficient based on the shape information; collect the friction information of the currently transported material, and calculate the friction coefficient based on the friction information; obtain the unit weight of the currently transported material, and calculate the weight distribution uniformity of the material; calculate the load coefficient of the tower based on the unit weight and the weight distribution uniformity; calculate the spacing adjustment factor based on the required space coefficient, friction coefficient and tower load coefficient; calculate the actual placement spacing of the material based on the spacing adjustment factor, and adjust the material placement spacing based on the actual placement spacing, effectively improving the transportation efficiency of the material and reducing the material damage rate caused by the placement spacing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is the overall flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are only examples. The elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and the conveying method for changing the placement spacing involved in the present invention are not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention provides an elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a conveying method for changing the placement spacing, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Collect the shape information of the current transported material and calculate the required space coefficient based on the shape information;

[0046] Larger or irregularly shaped materials require more space to avoid accumulation, blockage or collision of materials. For example, irregularly shaped foods (such as bread, cakes) or chemical products (such as block materials) require larger spacing.

[0047] The shape information of materials can help determine the best way to place materials in conveyor belts or storage spaces. By calculating the appropriate placement spacing based on the shape, the available space can be maximized, unnecessary gaps or space waste can be avoided, and the overall efficiency of the transportation or storage system can be improved; reasonable spacing can prevent irregularly shaped or fragile materials from being damaged by contact or squeezing during transportation. By analyzing the shape information, areas or materials that require larger spacing can be determined to protect the integrity of the materials and reduce the damage rate; different materials have different shapes, sizes, and surface characteristics. Based on the specific shape information of the material, the placement spacing can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to various material characteristics, ensuring that the system can operate efficiently when handling different materials.

[0048] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of calculating the required space coefficient according to the shape information is:

[0049] Set up a camera at the material placement location to ensure that the 3D image of the material can be fully acquired, perform denoising and grayscale operations on the 3D image of the material to ensure image quality, and accurately identify the boundary contour of the material;

[0050] Use edge detection algorithms to find the outer contour of the material and generate a two-dimensional contour map of the material. The edge detection method is an image processing technique used to identify areas in an image with significant brightness changes, which usually correspond to the edges of objects. Edge detection determines the location of the edge by calculating the gradient of pixels in the image, that is, the intensity and direction of brightness changes. Commonly used edge detection algorithms include Sobel, Canny, and Prewitt, which use different mathematical methods and filters to extract edge information in the image to form the outer contour of the object;

[0051] Based on the three-dimensional image of the material and the two-dimensional contour map of the material, a 3D mesh model of the material is generated in combination with a 3D reconstruction algorithm. The volume of the model is calculated using the mesh volume integration algorithm in the 3D modeling tool as the volume of the material placed each time. The mesh volume integration algorithm is a method for calculating the volume of a three-dimensional model, which is based on integrating the three-dimensional mesh of the model. The algorithm divides the model into multiple small volume units (such as tetrahedrons), and then calculates the volumes of these small units and adds them up to obtain the volume of the entire model. By integrating each volume unit, the mesh volume integration algorithm can accurately calculate the total volume of a complex three-dimensional model, and is applicable to models of various shapes and complex structures;

[0052] According to the 3D mesh model of the material, the irregular information of the material is obtained, and the shape irregularity is calculated based on the irregular information;

[0053] The material volume and shape irregularity are normalized, and the required space coefficient is calculated based on the normalized material volume and shape irregularity. The calculation formula is: , where SR is the required space factor, V 实际 It is expressed as the volume of the material, and Lr represents the irregularity of the shape.

[0054] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the steps of using the edge detection algorithm to find the outer contour line of the material and generate a two-dimensional contour map of the material are:

[0055] The Sobel operator is used to calculate the horizontal and vertical gradients of each pixel. The Sobel operator is an edge detection algorithm that calculates the gradient of each pixel in the image to help identify the edges in the image. It detects brightness changes in the image by using two convolution kernels (one for the horizontal and one for the vertical directions). The horizontal Sobel operator detects edge changes in the image in the horizontal direction, while the vertical Sobel operator detects edges in the vertical direction. By calculating the magnitude and direction of these gradients, the Sobel operator can reveal edge information in the image;

[0056] Refine the gradient image, eliminate non-edge points, retain the true edge, and compare the gradient value of the current pixel with the two pixels before and after it in the gradient direction. If the gradient of the current pixel is not the local maximum, set it to 0.

[0057] Using two thresholds T low With T high Perform edge detection, higher than T high Pixels with a value below T are considered strong edges. low The pixels between them are ignored, and the pixels between them are determined by connecting strong edges to determine whether to keep;

[0058] By tracing high-gradient pixels to connect and form complete edges, we can eventually obtain a two-dimensional contour map of the material.

[0059] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the steps of calculating the volume of the model using the grid volume integration algorithm in the 3D modeling tool are:

[0060] Divide the three-dimensional model into a number of small volume units, where the volume units may be tetrahedrons or other simple polyhedrons;

[0061] For each volume unit, calculate its volume;

[0062] The volumes of all volume elements are added together to obtain the volume of the model.

[0063] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of calculating the shape irregularity according to the irregular information is:

[0064] Based on the 3D mesh model of the material, the material volume and surface area are obtained through the automated tools of the 3D modeling software;

[0065] Fit the shape of the material into a sphere, use it as a reference object, and obtain the volume and surface area of ​​the sphere;

[0066] The shape irregularity is calculated by the sphericity calculation method, and the calculation formula is: , where Lr represents the shape irregularity, V 球 Expressed as the volume of the sphere, V 实际 Expressed as material volume, A 球 is the surface area of ​​the sphere, A 实际 is the surface area of ​​the material.

[0067] The sphericity calculation method is a method used to measure the degree to which an object's shape is close to a sphere. It is calculated by comparing the relationship between the volume and surface area of ​​the object and the surface area of ​​an ideal sphere of the same volume. The formula is based on the ratio of volume to surface area. The value of sphericity is between 0 and 1. The closer the value is to 1, the closer the object is to a perfect sphere; the smaller the value is, the more irregular the shape of the object is.

[0068] The sphericity calculation method provides a clear quantitative indicator to describe how close a material is to a perfect sphere. Sphericity usually ranges from 0 to 1, with 1 representing a perfect sphere and values ​​closer to 0 indicating more irregular shapes. With this quantification, shape irregularity can be accurately measured, which helps to compare the geometric characteristics of different materials; irregularly shaped materials are prone to pile-up or jamming during transportation. By identifying irregular materials through the sphericity calculation method, it is possible to predict which materials may cause problems in the transportation system and take appropriate adjustments or protective measures to reduce transportation interruptions caused by irregular shapes; the sphericity calculation method can provide accurate geometric parameters for automation systems to help mechanical equipment better adapt to the shape characteristics of materials. Automation equipment can adjust the settings of robots, conveyor belts or stacking systems based on sphericity to ensure that materials are accurately handled during the automation process.

[0069] Step 2: Collect the friction information of the currently transported material and calculate the friction coefficient based on the friction information;

[0070] Different materials have different friction coefficients with the mesh chain. Materials with greater friction may require a larger spacing during transportation to prevent the materials from affecting each other. Especially when conveying smooth or sticky materials, the spacing needs to be adjusted to prevent adhesion or slipping.

[0071] The friction coefficient reflects the friction between the material and the conveyor belt or storage surface. By calculating the friction coefficient, you can determine whether the material is easy to slide or move when placed. The higher the friction coefficient, the less likely the material is to slide, and the placement spacing can be smaller; when the friction coefficient is low, appropriately increasing the spacing can prevent the materials from sliding against each other during transportation or storage, thereby improving the stability of the system; materials with low friction coefficients are more likely to slip, tip over, or shift during transportation or storage. By evaluating the friction coefficient, you can reasonably set the spacing between materials to prevent the materials from sliding or tilting due to interaction during transportation, especially when handling irregular or high-center-of-gravity materials, which helps to reduce system operation failures and material damage; the friction coefficient directly affects the smoothness of the material in the conveying system. A low friction coefficient may result in insufficient friction between the materials, increasing the risk of sliding between the materials, while a high friction coefficient may cause excessive resistance between the materials and the conveyor belt. By evaluating the friction coefficient and adjusting the placement spacing, you can increase the conveying speed while reducing sliding, optimize the fluidity of the materials in the transportation system, and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0072] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of calculating the friction coefficient according to the friction information is:

[0073] Obtain the surface roughness of the material and the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt;

[0074] The friction coefficient is calculated based on the roughness of the material surface and the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt. The calculation formula is: , where FT represents the friction coefficient, R1 represents the surface roughness of the material, and R2 represents the roughness of the spiral mesh chain tower conveyor belt. When the roughness of the spiral mesh chain tower conveyor belt remains unchanged, the greater the surface roughness of the material, the greater the friction coefficient.

[0075] Step 3: Obtain the weight information of the currently transported material, which is the weight of the material per unit volume, recorded as unit weight, and calculate the uniformity of the weight distribution of the material. The load factor of the tower is calculated based on the unit weight and the uniformity of the weight distribution. The calculation formula is: , where LD is the load factor of the tower, Expressed as the unit weight of the material, Indicates uniformity of weight distribution;

[0076] The unit weight refers to the weight of a material per unit volume or unit area, and is used to measure the density or mass distribution of a material. It is usually expressed as weight per cubic meter (kg / m³) or per square meter (kg / m²), depending on the shape of the material and the application scenario. Unit weight is often used in engineering, construction, and transportation to evaluate the material's carrying capacity, transportation efficiency, and space utilization. It is an important parameter for designing and optimizing systems, and can usually be obtained through experiments or by referring to the material's specifications.

[0077] The load factor reflects the load of the spiral chain tower when carrying materials. By adjusting the placement spacing of materials according to the load factor, it is possible to prevent the equipment from being overloaded due to the dense accumulation of materials, and ensure the stability and safety of the tower structure. This can avoid overload damage to the tower body and equipment wear, and extend the service life; the load factor can help distribute the weight of the material more evenly. When placing materials, by evaluating the load factor, the spacing of materials can be reasonably arranged to avoid overloading a part of the tower body due to uneven distribution, thereby improving the balance and efficiency of the overall system and reducing material accumulation or jamming; when the load factor is high, it means that the system is close to the load limit. At this time, by judging and adjusting the placement spacing, it is possible to avoid further increasing the material density and prevent the system from overloading. This can effectively protect the equipment, reduce equipment failures and maintenance requirements, and improve the safety of the system.

[0078] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of calculating the uniformity of the weight distribution of the material is:

[0079] Divide the load-bearing area of ​​the tower or transport system into n zones and record the weight of the material in each zone;

[0080] Calculate the average weight of all partition materials, the calculation formula is , where wt 均 Expressed as average weight, wt i It is expressed as the material weight of the ith partition, and n is the number of partitions;

[0081] The weight standard deviation of the partitioned material is calculated based on the average weight, and the calculation formula is: ,in Expressed as weight standard deviation;

[0082] The weight distribution uniformity is calculated based on the average weight and weight standard deviation, and the calculation formula is: , where U w表示 Weight distribution uniformity, ranging from 0 to 1, with values ​​closer to 1 indicating a more uniform distribution.

[0083] Step 4: Calculate the spacing adjustment factor based on the required space coefficient, friction coefficient and tower load coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where DA is the spacing adjustment factor. The larger the spacing adjustment factor, the larger the material spacing needs to be. Conversely, the material spacing needs to be reduced. SR is the required space factor. When the required space factor increases, the material spacing needs to be increased proportionally to accommodate this space requirement. This relationship shows that a given space factor requirement directly affects the spacing between materials, ensuring that the materials can be evenly distributed without crowding during transportation. When the required space factor is increased, the actual material spacing needs to be increased accordingly to ensure smooth movement of materials in the transportation system and avoid potential collisions or squeezing. Therefore, an increase in the space factor usually leads to the need to adjust the material spacing, so by changing the spacing adjustment factor to achieve the design goal, FT is represented by the friction coefficient. When the friction coefficient increases, the required spacing adjustment factor will be reduced accordingly to maintain the normal operation of the system. In other words, if the friction between the material and the conveyor belt is large, it means that the friction resistance of the material during transportation will also be high, so the spacing between the materials can be reduced. A higher friction coefficient provides better grip and stability, allowing materials to be arranged more closely without sliding or instability. This inverse relationship indicates that an increase in friction can reduce the spacing requirements between materials, thereby optimizing space utilization and transportation efficiency. Conversely, if the friction coefficient is low, the spacing between materials needs to be increased to avoid sliding or stacking between materials, thereby ensuring a smooth and safe transportation process. LD is expressed as the load factor of the tower. In order to accommodate a larger load or increase the carrying capacity of the tower, the spacing between materials needs to be proportionally expanded. Specifically, the load factor reflects the load capacity of the tower when bearing materials. When the load increases, the design of the tower needs to adjust the material placement spacing to ensure that the load is evenly distributed and prevent the squeezing or crowding of materials. The increased spacing helps to reduce the concentrated pressure of the material on the tower and ensure the stability and safety of the tower. Therefore, an increase in the load factor usually requires a corresponding adjustment of the spacing between materials to optimize the design and performance of the tower and maintain the balance and efficient operation of the system. , , is expressed as a weighting factor of the required space factor, the friction factor, and the load factor of the tower, and , , , The specific value is determined by professionals according to the actual situation, for example, , , It can be 0.4, 0.4, 0.2.

[0084] Step 5: Calculate the actual placement spacing of the materials according to the spacing adjustment factor, and adjust the material placement spacing according to the actual placement spacing;

[0085] The calculation of the actual placement spacing is based on the spacing adjustment factor, which can help to reasonably allocate the space of materials in the conveyor belt or storage tower. By accurately calculating and adjusting the material spacing, space can be effectively utilized, waste can be avoided, and the system design can accommodate the required amount of materials without crowding or excessive gaps; appropriate material placement spacing helps to improve transportation efficiency. Adjusting the spacing can reduce sliding or collision between materials, reduce friction resistance, and improve transportation smoothness. If the actual placement spacing caused by the spacing adjustment factor can effectively reduce the interference and friction of materials, the overall operation of the transportation system will be more efficient; reasonable placement spacing can prevent materials from being squeezed, piled up or damaged due to overcrowding. By calculating the actual placement spacing and adjusting it, it can ensure that there is enough space for materials during transportation or storage, prevent mutual influence and damage between materials, and maintain the integrity and quality of materials.

[0086] Adjusting the spacing of materials helps maintain the stability of the system. If the load or other factors cause the spacing adjustment factor to increase, the proper adjustment of the actual spacing can reduce the concentrated pressure of the materials, reduce the load on the tower, and avoid overload and instability of the system; the calculation and adjustment of the actual spacing ensures that the distribution of materials in the transportation or storage system meets the design requirements and operating specifications. It can optimize the spacing setting according to the specific load, friction coefficient and space requirements to achieve the expected system performance and operating effect.

[0087] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the step of calculating the actual placement spacing of the materials according to the spacing adjustment factor is:

[0088] Set a standard placement spacing and monitor the spacing adjustment factor of materials in real time;

[0089] The actual placement spacing is calculated based on the spacing adjustment factor of the material. The calculation formula is: ,in Indicates the actual placement spacing. It is represented as the standard placement spacing, and DA is represented as the spacing adjustment factor;

[0090] And place the materials according to the actual placement distance to reduce damage to the materials.

[0091] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0092] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and a method for changing the placement spacing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect the shape information of the currently transported material and calculate the required space coefficient based on the shape information; Step 2: Collect the friction information of the currently transported material and calculate the friction coefficient based on the friction information; Step 3: Obtain the weight information of the currently transported material, which is the weight of the material per unit volume, recorded as unit weight, and calculate the uniformity of the weight distribution of the material. The load factor of the tower is calculated based on the unit weight and the uniformity of the weight distribution. The calculation formula is: , where LD is the load factor of the tower, Expressed as the unit weight of the material, Indicates uniformity of weight distribution; Step 4: Calculate the spacing adjustment factor based on the required space coefficient, friction coefficient and tower load coefficient. The calculation formula is: , where DA is the spacing adjustment factor, SR is the required space factor, FT is the friction factor, and LD is the tower load factor. , , The weighting factor is expressed as the required space factor, the friction factor and the load factor of the tower; Step 5: Calculate the actual placement spacing of the materials according to the spacing adjustment factor, and adjust the material placement spacing according to the actual placement spacing; The step of calculating the required space coefficient according to the shape information is: A camera device is installed at the material placement location to ensure that the three-dimensional image of the material can be fully acquired, and the three-dimensional image of the material is denoised and grayed; Use edge detection algorithm to find the outer contour of the material and generate a two-dimensional contour map of the material; Generate a 3D mesh model of the material based on the 3D image and the 2D contour map of the material in combination with the 3D reconstruction algorithm, and use the mesh volume integration algorithm in the 3D modeling tool to calculate the volume of the model as the volume of the material placed each time; According to the 3D mesh model of the material, the irregular information of the material is obtained, and the shape irregularity is calculated based on the irregular information; The material volume and shape irregularity are normalized, and the required space coefficient is calculated based on the normalized material volume and shape irregularity. The calculation formula is: , where SR is the required space factor, V 实际 It is expressed as the volume of the material, and Lr represents the irregularity of the shape.

2. The elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and the method for conveying by changing the placement spacing according to claim 1 are characterized by: The steps of using the edge detection algorithm to find the outer contour line of the material and generate a two-dimensional contour map of the material are as follows: Use the Sobel operator to calculate the horizontal and vertical gradients of each pixel; In the gradient direction, compare the gradient values ​​of the current pixel with those of the two pixels before and after it. If the gradient of the current pixel is not the local maximum, set it to 0. Using two thresholds T low With T high Perform edge detection, higher than T high Pixels with a value lower than T are defined as edge pixels. low Pixels with are ignored; By tracing the edge pixels and connecting them to form a complete edge, we can finally get a two-dimensional contour map of the material.

3. The elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and the method for conveying by changing the placement spacing according to claim 1 are characterized by: The step of calculating the shape irregularity according to the irregular information is as follows: Based on the 3D mesh model of the material, the material volume and surface area are obtained through the automated tools of the 3D modeling software; Fit the shape of the material into a sphere, use it as a reference object, and obtain the volume and surface area of ​​the sphere; The shape irregularity is calculated by the sphericity calculation method, and the calculation formula is: , where Lr represents the shape irregularity, V 球 Expressed as the volume of the sphere, V 实际 Expressed as material volume, A 球 is the surface area of ​​the sphere, A 实际 is the surface area of ​​the material.

4. The elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and the method for conveying by changing the placement spacing according to claim 1 are characterized by: The step of calculating the friction coefficient according to the friction information is as follows: The surface roughness of the material is obtained through the material manual, and the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt is obtained through the spiral chain tower manual; The friction coefficient is calculated based on the roughness of the material surface and the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt. The calculation formula is: , where FT represents the friction coefficient, R1 represents the surface roughness of the material, and R2 represents the roughness of the spiral chain tower conveyor belt.

5. The elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and the method for conveying by changing the placement spacing according to claim 1 are characterized by: The steps for calculating the uniformity of the weight distribution of the material are: Divide the load-bearing area of ​​the spiral chain tower into n partitions and record the material weight of each partition; Calculate the average weight of all partitioned materials; The weight standard deviation of the partitioned materials is calculated based on the average weight; The weight distribution uniformity is calculated based on the average weight and weight standard deviation, and the calculation formula is: , where U w Expressed as weight distribution uniformity, wt 均 Expressed as average weight, Expressed as weight standard deviation.

6. The elliptical spiral mesh chain tower and the method for conveying by changing the placement spacing according to claim 1 are characterized by: The steps of calculating the actual placement spacing of materials according to the spacing adjustment factor are as follows: Set a standard placement spacing and monitor the spacing adjustment factor of materials in real time; The actual placement spacing is calculated based on the spacing adjustment factor of the material. The calculation formula is: ,in Indicates the actual placement spacing. It is represented as the standard placement spacing, and DA is represented as the spacing adjustment factor; Place materials according to the actual placement distance.

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