Aluminum alloy single wire with high conductivity and tensile strength, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of conductor materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy single wire with high conductivity and tensile strength, a preparation method and application. The application provides an aluminum alloy single wire with high conductivity and tensile strength, which is improved by improving the composition of raw materials, including adding beryllium (Be) to form AlBe 12 , AlBe9, AlBe3 and other strengthening phases, adding rare earth (La, Y and Sc) and zirconium (Zr) and aluminum (Al) to form Al3(Sc, Zr), Al3(Y, Zr) and Al3(La, Zr) dispersion phases, so as to improve the conductivity and tensile strength of the aluminum alloy. The application optimizes the composition of raw materials and the preparation process of the aluminum alloy single wire, so that the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wire can reach 672 MPa, and the conductivity can also reach 52.3% IACS, and the technical problem of lacking an aluminum alloy single wire material with high conductivity and tensile strength in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of conductor materials technology, and in particular relates to an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead transmission lines are the energy lifeline for promoting national economic development. Currently, the most widely used conductor in overhead transmission lines is steel-cored aluminum stranded wire. However, with the increasing demands on conductor performance for long-distance, high-capacity transmission lines such as high-voltage, ultra-high-voltage, and extra-high-voltage lines, the conductivity of steel-cored aluminum stranded wire is generally insufficient to meet the energy consumption requirements of high-capacity transmission lines. Therefore, using energy-saving conductors to replace steel-cored aluminum stranded wire to reduce power loss in transmission lines has become an important development trend for long-distance, high-capacity transmission lines. Aluminum alloy stranded wire used in overhead conductors has good conductivity and can reduce energy consumption in long-distance, high-capacity transmission lines such as high-voltage, ultra-high-voltage, and extra-high-voltage lines, making it a potential candidate for large-scale application.

[0003] However, the tensile strength of aluminum alloy stranded wires obtained by concentric stranding multiple aluminum alloy single wires is currently not high, with tensile strength concentrated around 315-325 MPa. However, long-distance, large-capacity transmission lines such as high voltage, ultra-high voltage, and extra-high voltage require materials with higher tensile strength. For example, in long rivers and high mountains, the installation span of aluminum alloy stranded wires is large, and they bear great weight. If the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy conductor is not high, it is easy to break. At the same time, in windy areas, they will be subjected to great tensile forces under the action of strong winds. If the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy conductor is low, it is also easy to break. Therefore, the use of materials with low tensile strength in long-distance, large-capacity transmission lines can easily lead to frequent maintenance and replacement, increasing the maintenance cost of long-distance, large-capacity transmission lines.

[0004] Therefore, developing aluminum alloy stranded wires that combine high conductivity and tensile strength has significant economic and social benefits. However, most aluminum alloy single wires currently focus only on high strength or high conductivity, and there is a lack of aluminum alloy single wires that simultaneously possess both high conductivity and tensile strength. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength, a preparation method and application, to solve the technical problem of the lack of aluminum alloy single wire materials with both high conductivity and tensile strength in the prior art.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength, the raw material composition of which includes: Al: 88.08-95.06 wt%, Si: 0.45-0.73 wt%, Mg: 1.43-1.88 wt%, Cu: 0.62-1.94 wt%, Zn: 1.5-4.7 wt%, Be: 0.47-1.34 wt%, Fe: 0.25-0.45 wt%, B: 0.01-0.08 wt%, Zr: 0.03-0.16 wt%, Ti: 0.005-0.015 wt%, RE: 0.18-0.63 wt%.

[0007] The RE is composed of La, Y, and Sc.

[0008] Preferably, the raw material composition of the aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength includes: Al: 88.55-94.30 wt%, Si: 0.50-0.72 wt%, Mg: 1.45-1.85 wt%, Cu: 0.75-1.80 wt%, Zn: 1.8-4.6 wt%, Be: 0.5-1.3 wt%, Fe: 0.30-0.40 wt%, B: 0.02-0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.05-0.14 wt%, 0.008-0.012 wt%, RE: 0.30-0.55 wt%.

[0009] The RE is composed of La, Y, and Sc.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of La, Y and Sc in the RE is (5-8):1:(2-3).

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of Si to Be is 1:(1 to 1.7).

[0012] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire that combines high conductivity and tensile strength. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys are sequentially mixed, melted, refined, and slag-removed, and then directionally solidified to obtain aluminum alloy rods.

[0014] Step S2: The aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment and first aging treatment in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy wire blank;

[0015] Step S3: The aluminum alloy wire blank is subjected to cold rolling, wire drawing and second aging treatment in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy single wire blank;

[0016] Step S4: The aluminum alloy single wire billet is subjected to cryogenic treatment and stress relief treatment in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy single wire.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the first aging treatment is performed by holding the temperature at 120-150℃ for 12-36 hours.

[0018] In step S3, the second aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 150-190℃ for 3-15 hours.

[0019] Preferably, the cryogenic treatment involves at least two cryogenic treatments using liquid nitrogen for 20 to 60 minutes each.

[0020] The stress relief treatment is performed by holding the temperature at 120–150℃ for 0.5–6 hours.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, the melting temperature is 730–750°C, the refining agent used in the refining is potassium chloride and sodium chloride, the directional solidification rate is 4–12 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification is 150–250 K / mm.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the solution treatment temperature is 520–550°C, and the holding time is 3–5 hours.

[0023] The third aspect of this application provides the application of the aluminum alloy single wire with high conductivity and tensile strength described in the first aspect in wires and cables.

[0024] The fourth aspect of this application provides a wire and cable made of a single strand of aluminum alloy wire described in the first aspect, which has both high conductivity and tensile strength.

[0025] In summary, this application provides an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength, a preparation method, and applications. The aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength provided in this application improves the conductivity and tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wire by improving the raw material composition through the introduction of Si, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, and Ti, forming multiple strengthening phases; and further improves the conductivity and tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wire by adding beryllium (Be) to form AlBe. 12 The aluminum alloy incorporates strengthening phases such as AlBe9 and AlBe3, and adds rare earth elements (La, Y, and Sc), zirconium (Zr), and aluminum (Al) to form dispersed phases of Al3(Sc, Zr), Al3(Y, Zr), and Al3(La, Zr), thereby improving the electrical conductivity and tensile strength of the aluminum alloy. Furthermore, this application optimizes the preparation process of the aluminum alloy single wire, further enhancing its tensile strength and electrical conductivity, thus solving the technical problem of the lack of aluminum alloy single wire materials with both high electrical conductivity and tensile strength in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] This application provides an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength, a preparation method, and an application, to solve the technical problem of the lack of aluminum alloy single wire materials with both high conductivity and tensile strength in the prior art.

[0029] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Given the current shortcomings of aluminum alloy single wires, such as low conductivity and tensile strength, which make them unsuitable for the requirements of long-distance, high-capacity power transmission networks like high-voltage, ultra-high-voltage, and extra-high-voltage systems, this application provides an aluminum alloy single wire that combines high conductivity and tensile strength. The raw material composition of the aluminum alloy single wire includes: Al: 88.08–95.06 wt%, Si: 0.45–0.73 wt%, Mg: 1.43–1.88 wt%, Cu: 0.62–1.94 wt%, and Zn: 1.5 wt%. ~4.7wt%, Be: 0.47~1.34wt%, Fe: 0.25~0.45wt%, B: 0.01~0.08wt%, Zr: 0.03~0.16wt%, Ti: 0.005~0.015wt%, RE: 0.18~0.63wt%; wherein, RE is composed of La, Y and Sc; aluminum alloy single wire contains aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), beryllium (Be) and iron. Fe, boron (B), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), and rare earth elements (RE) can be introduced through aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys. The aluminum alloy single wire provided in this application improves the raw material composition. The addition of Si, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, and Ti to the aluminum alloy single wire raw material can form Mg2Si strengthening phase, MgZn2 strengthening phase, T(AlZnMgCu) strengthening phase, Fe2Si2Al9 strengthening phase, and TiAl2 strengthening phase. B element can improve the conductivity of the aluminum alloy single wire. These elements and various strengthening phases can improve the conductivity and tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wire. More importantly, this application adds beryllium (Be) and rare earth elements composed of La, Y, and Sc to the aluminum alloy single wire raw material. Beryllium (Be) can react with aluminum (Al) in the aluminum alloy single wire to form AlBe. 12 Strengthening phases such as AlBe9 and AlBe3, AlBe 12The AlBe9 strengthening phase effectively prevents grain slip and propagation, thus significantly improving the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of aluminum alloy single wires. The AlBe3 strengthening phase plays a role in subsequent heat treatment processes, improving the heat treatment stability of aluminum alloys, reducing defects such as deformation and cracks during heat treatment, and further enhancing the tensile strength and other mechanical properties of aluminum alloy single wires. Simultaneously, rare earth elements composed of La, Y, and Sc can form various fine and dispersed Al3(Sc, Zr), Al3(Y, Zr), and Al3(La, Zr) phases with zirconium (Zr) and aluminum (Al). These rare earth element dispersed phases can play a role in dispersion strengthening in aluminum alloys, and the use of three different rare earth elements... The dispersed phase formed by elements is easier to disperse in aluminum alloys compared to the dispersed phase of a single element, and the dispersion strengthening effect is more obvious. This ensures that the tensile strength of aluminum alloys is significantly improved without affecting the conductivity. Therefore, this application improves the composition of aluminum alloy single wire by introducing aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), beryllium (Be), iron (Fe), boron (B), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), and rare earth (RE). This can effectively improve the tensile strength and conductivity of aluminum alloy single wires, meeting the requirements of high voltage, ultra-high voltage, and extra-high voltage long-distance, large-capacity power transmission networks for the tensile strength and conductivity of aluminum alloy single wire materials.

[0031] Meanwhile, this application also controls the amount of each element added to the aluminum alloy single wire. Specifically, by adding smaller amounts of Cu, Mg, Fe, B, and Ti, excessive amounts are avoided from affecting the tensile strength and other mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy single wire. Smaller amounts of Zn and Zr are also added to avoid excessive amounts affecting the conductivity of the aluminum alloy single wire. More importantly, since beryllium (Be) forms AlBe... 12 In addition to reinforcing phases such as AlBe9 and AlBe3, AlBe4Si phase will also be formed. This application controls the mass ratio of Si to Be to be 1:(1~1.7) to avoid the formation of hard compounds such as AlBe4Si by Be and Si after insufficient Be addition, thus preventing the formation of other AlBe phases. 12 The content of AlBe9 and AlBe3 reinforcing phases is too low, so the effect of Be on strengthening the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of aluminum alloy single wire is not obvious.

[0032] Meanwhile, by controlling the mass ratio of La, Y and Sc to (5-8):1:(2-3), this application can further improve its dispersion strengthening effect and enhance the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of aluminum alloy single wires.

[0033] The aluminum alloy single wire provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and experimental examples.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Embodiment 1 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire that combines high conductivity and tensile strength. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0036] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 92.269 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 0.93 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, RE: 0.54 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 6:1:2): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0037] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0038] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 540℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 18 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0039] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 180℃ for 6 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0040] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 30 minutes three times, and then holding it at 120℃ for 2 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Embodiment 2 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire that has both high conductivity and tensile strength. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0043] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 92.582 wt%, Si: 0.57 wt%, Mg: 1.63 wt%, Cu: 1.66 wt%, Zn: 1.64 wt%, Be: 0.798 wt%, Fe: 0.37 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.01 wt%, RE: 0.55 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 7:1:3): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0044] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0045] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is kept at 530℃ for 4 hours for solution treatment, and then kept at 120℃ for 24 hours for the first aging treatment to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0046] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 150℃ for 9 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0047] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 40 minutes twice, and then holding it at 130℃ for 2.5 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be allowed to warm naturally at room temperature.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Embodiment 3 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire that combines high conductivity and tensile strength. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0050] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 91.507 wt%, Si: 0.72 wt%, Mg: 1.48 wt%, Cu: 0.89 wt%, Zn: 3.16 wt%, Be: 1.224 wt%, Fe: 0.28 wt%, B: 0.05 wt%, Zr: 0.08 wt%, Ti: 0.009 wt%, RE: 0.60 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 6:1:3): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0051] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0052] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 530℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 24 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0053] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 150℃ for 9 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0054] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 20 minutes four times, and then holding it at 130℃ for 2.5 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] Example 4 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire. As the first comparative example of Example 1, the preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0057] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 92.46 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 0.496 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, RE: 0.54 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 6:1:2): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0058] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0059] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 540℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 18 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0060] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 180℃ for 6 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0061] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 30 minutes three times, and then holding it at 120℃ for 2 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] Example 5 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire, which is the second comparative example of Example 1. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0064] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 90.489 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 2.71 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, RE: 0.54 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 6:1:2): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0065] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0066] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 540℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 18 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0067] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 180℃ for 6 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0068] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 30 minutes three times, and then holding it at 120℃ for 2 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0069] Example 6

[0070] Example 6 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire, which is the third comparative example of Example 1. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0071] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the proportions of Al: 90.489 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 2.71 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, Sc: 0.54 wt%, respectively: aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0072] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy conductor blanks include: first heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. The alloys (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, the alloys were directionally solidified to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0073] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 540℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 18 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0074] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 180℃ for 6 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0075] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 30 minutes three times, and then holding it at 120℃ for 2 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0076] Example 7

[0077] Example 7 of this application provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy single wire. As the fourth comparative example of Example 1, the preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of aluminum alloy rod, preparation of aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of aluminum alloy single wire.

[0078] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 92.269 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 0.93 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, RE: 0.54 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 1:1:1): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0079] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0080] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 540℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 18 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0081] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then holding them at 180℃ for 6 hours for a second aging treatment to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0082] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 30 minutes three times, and then holding it at 120℃ for 2 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0083] Example 8

[0084] Example 8 of this application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire, which is the fifth comparative example of Example 1. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of an aluminum alloy rod, preparation of an aluminum alloy conductor blank, preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire blank, and preparation of an aluminum alloy single wire.

[0085] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 92.269 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 0.93 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, RE: 0.54 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 6:1:2): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0086] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0087] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is kept at 540℃ for 4 hours for solution treatment to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature.

[0088] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire billets include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire billets sequentially, and then aging them at 180℃ for 6 hours to obtain aluminum alloy single wires with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the aging treatment is cooled to room temperature by air cooling.

[0089] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: repeatedly subjecting the aluminum alloy single wire billet to deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen (-196℃) for 30 minutes three times, and then holding it at 120℃ for 2 hours for stress relief treatment; after each deep cryogenic treatment with liquid nitrogen, it needs to be naturally warmed at room temperature.

[0090] Example 9

[0091] Example 9 of this application provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy single wire, which is the sixth comparative example of Example 1. The preparation method includes raw material preparation, preparation of aluminum alloy rod, preparation of aluminum alloy single wire blank and preparation of aluminum alloy single wire.

[0092] The raw material preparation steps include: weighing 100 kg of the following raw materials according to the following proportions: Al: 92.269 wt%, Si: 0.62 wt%, Mg: 1.57 wt%, Cu: 1.42 wt%, Zn: 2.1 wt%, Be: 0.93 wt%, Fe: 0.35 wt%, B: 0.06 wt%, Zr: 0.13 wt%, Ti: 0.011 wt%, RE: 0.54 wt% (La, Y, and Sc in a mass ratio of 6:1:2): aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys.

[0093] The steps for preparing the aluminum alloy rod include: first, heating aluminum ingots (≥99.7%) to 720℃, and after melting, raising the temperature to 740℃, then sequentially adding aluminum-silicon alloy (Al-20Si), magnesium ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-copper alloy (Al-20Cu), zinc ingots (≥99.7%), aluminum-iron alloy (Al-20Fe), aluminum-beryllium alloy (Al-20Be), aluminum-boron alloy (Al-20B), aluminum-zirconium alloy (Al-20Zr), and aluminum-titanium alloy. Gold (Al-20Ti), aluminum-lanthanum master alloy (Al-10La), aluminum-yttrium master alloy (Al-10Y), and aluminum-scandium master alloy (Al-10Sc) were melted, and then potassium chloride and sodium chloride were added at a rate of 1.5 kg / t for refining. After slag removal, directional solidification was carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 7.5 mm. The directional solidification rate was 8 mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification was 200 K / mm.

[0094] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy wire blanks include: first, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment at 540℃ for 4 hours, and then subjected to the first aging treatment at 140℃ for 18 hours to obtain the aluminum alloy wire blank; wherein, the cooling method for the solution treatment is water cooling to room temperature, and the cooling method for the first aging treatment is natural cooling to room temperature.

[0095] The steps for preparing aluminum alloy single wire include: cold rolling and drawing the aluminum alloy wire blank in sequence, and then holding it at 180℃ for 6 hours for the second aging treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with a diameter of 3.6 mm; the cooling method for the second aging treatment is air cooling to room temperature.

[0096] Experimental Example 1

[0097] Experimental Example 1 of this application conducts performance tests on the aluminum alloy single wires provided in Examples 1-9. The performance tests include: measuring the conductivity of the aluminum alloy single wires using a QJ44 type DC double-arm bridge; and testing the room temperature tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wires using a DNS200 type electronic tensile tester at a room temperature of 2 mm / min. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0098] Tensile strength / MPa Conductivity / % IACS Example 1 672 52.3 Example 2 661 53.1 Example 3 664 52.9 Example 4 618 48.6 Example 5 635 45.7 Example 6 609 47.3 Example 7 621 49.6 Example 8 607 44.8 Example 9 594 42.2

[0099] Table 1

[0100] As can be seen from the performance test results of the aluminum alloy single wires provided in Examples 6 and 1 in Table 1, when aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), beryllium (Be), iron (Fe), boron (B), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), and rare earth elements (La, Y, and Sc) are added simultaneously, the resulting aluminum alloy single wire exhibits a tensile strength of 672 MPa and a conductivity of 52.3% IACS, demonstrating both good tensile strength and conductivity. The aluminum alloy single wire prepared by adding aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), beryllium (Be), iron (Fe), boron (B), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), and rare earth (Sc) has a tensile strength of only 609 MPa and a conductivity of only 47.3% IACS. Both the conductivity and tensile strength decreased by about 10%. This shows that by improving the composition of raw materials, the aluminum alloy provided in this application can produce an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and high tensile strength.

[0101] Meanwhile, as can be seen from the performance test results of the aluminum alloy single wire provided in Examples 4-5 and Example 1, Be has a significant impact on the performance of the aluminum alloy single wire. When the amount added is too much, it can easily have an adverse effect on the conductivity of the aluminum alloy single wire. When the amount added is too little, it can easily have an adverse effect on the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wire. In addition, both too much and too little addition can easily lead to a decrease in the overall performance of the aluminum alloy single wire.

[0102] Meanwhile, as can be seen from the performance test results of the aluminum alloy single wire provided in Examples 7 and 1, the amount of La, Y and Sc added in rare earth elements also has a significant impact on the performance of the aluminum alloy single wire. Specifically, by optimizing the amount of La, Y and Sc added in rare earth elements, the overall performance of the aluminum alloy single wire can be further improved.

[0103] Furthermore, in addition to improving the raw material composition of the aluminum alloy, this application also improves the preparation process. As can be seen from the performance test results of the aluminum alloy single wires provided in Examples 8-9 and Example 1, when only one aging treatment is performed, the tensile strength of the prepared aluminum alloy single wire is only 607 MPa, and the conductivity is only 44.8% IACS, indicating poor conductivity and tensile strength. Without cryogenic treatment and stress relief treatment, the tensile strength of the prepared aluminum alloy single wire is only 594 MPa, and the conductivity is only 42.2% IACS. However, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy single wire prepared by performing two aging treatments, cryogenic treatment, and stress relief treatment can reach 672 MPa, and the conductivity can also reach 52.3% IACS. The two-step aging treatment simultaneously improves the tensile strength and conductivity of the aluminum alloy single wire. This is because the various processes in the aluminum alloy single wire preparation method provided in this application can synergistically enhance each other. Specifically, the solution treatment first increases the solubility of alloying elements, reduces the concentration of precipitated phases, and homogenizes the distribution of alloying elements, thereby reducing the alloying strength. The strength and homogenization of alloying elements are used to obtain a saturated solid solution during cooling, thus laying the foundation for obtaining high-performance aluminum alloys. Then, the first step of aging treatment is carried out by holding at 120-150℃ for 12-36h, which is conducive to the formation of high-density fine and dispersed GP regions in the alloy, providing nucleation nuclei for the precipitates in the second step. The second step of aging treatment is carried out by holding at 150-190℃ for 3-15h, which can effectively improve the distribution of precipitates in the alloy, so that the ultra-high strength aluminum alloy single wire has good electrical conductivity while maintaining ultra-high strength. Simultaneously, cryogenic treatment is introduced to eliminate the lattice distortion caused by mechanical deformation of the aluminum alloy. Due to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, atoms that have deviated from their equilibrium positions shrink and gradually return to their equilibrium lattice positions. The degree of coherent scattering of free electrons in the lattice structure decreases, thereby reducing the resistivity of the aluminum alloy and improving its conductivity without affecting its mechanical properties. Finally, stress relief treatment is performed to eliminate the internal stress formed by cryogenic treatment, thereby further improving the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy and obtaining an aluminum alloy single wire with both ultra-high strength and high conductivity.

[0104] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire possessing both high electrical conductivity and tensile strength, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step S1: Aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, magnesium ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, zinc ingots, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-beryllium alloys, aluminum-boron alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, aluminum-titanium alloys, aluminum-lanthanum master alloys, aluminum-yttrium master alloys, and aluminum-scandium master alloys are sequentially mixed, melted, refined, and slag-removed, and then directionally solidified to obtain aluminum alloy rods. Step S2: The aluminum alloy rod is subjected to solution treatment and first aging treatment in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy wire blank; Step S3: The aluminum alloy wire blank is subjected to cold rolling, wire drawing and second aging treatment in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy single wire blank; Step S4: The aluminum alloy single wire billet is subjected to cryogenic treatment and stress relief treatment in sequence to obtain aluminum alloy single wire; The aluminum alloy single-wire raw material with both high conductivity and tensile strength comprises: Al: 88.08~95.06wt%, Si: 0.45~0.73wt%, Mg: 1.43~1.88wt%, Cu: 0.62~1.94wt%, Zn: 1.5~4.7wt%, Be: 0.47~1.34wt%, Fe: 0.25~0.45wt%, B: 0.01~0.08wt%, Zr: 0.03~0.16wt%, Ti: 0.005~0.015wt%, RE: 0.18~0.63wt%. The RE is composed of La, Y and Sc, and the mass ratio of La, Y and Sc in the RE is (5~8):1:(2~3); In step S2, the first aging treatment is to keep the temperature at 120~150℃ for 12~36h. In step S3, the second aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 150~190℃ for 3~15h.

2. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material composition of the aluminum alloy single wire, which combines high conductivity and tensile strength, includes: Al: 88.55~94.30wt%, Si: 0.50~0.72wt%, Mg: 1.45~1.85wt%, Cu: 0.75~1.80wt%, Zn: 1.8~4.6wt%, Be: 0.5~1.3wt%, Fe: 0.30~0.40wt%, B: 0.02~0.06wt%, Zr: 0.05~0.14wt%, 0.008~0.012wt%, RE: 0.30~0.55wt%. The RE is composed of La, Y, and Sc.

3. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of Si to Be is 1:(1~1.7).

4. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cryogenic treatment involves at least two cryogenic treatments using liquid nitrogen for 20-60 minutes each. The stress relief treatment is performed by holding the temperature at 120~150℃ for 0.5~6 hours.

5. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the melting temperature is 730~750℃, the refining agent used in the refining is potassium chloride and sodium chloride, the directional solidification rate is 4~12mm / s, and the outlet temperature gradient during directional solidification is 150~250K / mm. In step S2, the solution treatment temperature is 520~550℃, and the holding time is 3~5h.

6. The application of an aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2-5 in wires and cables.

7. An aluminum alloy stranded wire, characterized in that, An aluminum alloy single wire with both high conductivity and tensile strength is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 2-5.

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