A coal mining and transportation device for shafts and tunnels based on crawler excavators and loaders

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coal mining and transportation device for a tunnel based on a crawler excavator loader, comprising a first conveyor belt arranged on the crawler excavator loader, a second conveyor belt arranged just below the discharge end of the first conveyor belt, a third conveyor belt rollingly overlapped through a wheel shift assembly fixed at the bottom of the discharge end of the second conveyor belt, a limit alarm mechanism mounted on the third conveyor belt, the limit alarm mechanism comprising a portal frame vertically spanned at the feed end of the third conveyor belt, an alarm assembly arranged on the front end face of the portal frame, a limit assembly arranged on the rear end face thereof, the limit assembly comprising a buffer air bag for limiting the forward movement of the wheel shift assembly; a brake assembly for limiting the rolling movement thereof is arranged on the wheel shift assembly, the brake assembly and the buffer air bag are connected via a spring air pipe adapted thereto. The present invention enhances the safety of the coal mining and transportation process by introducing a limit alarm mechanism, thereby ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the coal mining and transportation operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shaft and tunnel coal mining and transportation, and in particular relates to a shaft and tunnel coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler-type excavator loader. Background Art

[0002] Crawler excavators are key equipment in underground coal mining operations. They are mainly responsible for excavating and loading coal, gangue and other materials, and transporting them to subsequent transportation equipment. In order to achieve efficient and continuous operation of underground coal mining and transportation, a coal mining and transportation solution that uses crawler excavators in conjunction with two-carry belt conveyors and three-carry belt conveyors is usually adopted.

[0003] The specific working process of the above-mentioned coal mining and transportation scheme is as follows: the crawler excavator loader performs excavation operations at the underground excavation working face, and loads coal, coal gangue and other materials onto its own first conveyor belt, and the first conveyor belt transports the materials to the second conveyor belt suspended at the tail of the excavator loader. The discharge end of the second conveyor belt is rollingly connected with the third conveyor belt through the wheel shift assembly fixed at the bottom thereof, and the third conveyor belt further transports the materials transported by the second conveyor belt to the ground or other designated locations; among them, the third conveyor belt is realized by the stepping-type self-moving tail mechanism arranged thereon, so as to realize rapid pushing and overlapping with the second conveyor belt.

[0004] In the prior art, after the third-carry belt conveyor completes a step-by-step self-moving cycle, the discharge end of the second-carry belt conveyor maintains an appropriate distance from the feed end of the third-carry belt conveyor. At this time, the crawler excavator loader starts a linear coal mining operation. However, due to the continuous forward movement of the excavator loader, the operator may easily ignore that the wheel shift assembly at the bottom of the discharge end of the second-carry belt conveyor may run off the track, causing the second-carry belt conveyor to detach from the third-carry belt conveyor, thereby affecting the safe transportation of the coal mining operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a shaft and tunnel coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler excavator loader. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a coal mining and transportation device for a shaft and a tunnel based on a crawler excavator loader, comprising a first-transport belt conveyor arranged on the crawler excavator loader, a second-transport belt conveyor connected to the rear end of the crawler excavator loader is arranged just below the discharge end of the first-transport belt conveyor, a third-transport belt conveyor is lapped and rolled just below the second-transport belt conveyor through a wheel shift assembly fixed at the bottom of the discharge end thereof, a limit alarm mechanism is arranged on the third-transport belt conveyor, the limit alarm mechanism comprises a portal frame vertically spanned at the feed end of the third-transport belt conveyor, an alarm assembly is arranged on the front end face of the portal frame, and a limit assembly is arranged on the rear end face thereof, the limit assembly comprises a buffer air bag for limiting the forward movement of the wheel shift assembly; a brake assembly for limiting the rolling movement thereof is arranged on the wheel shift assembly, and the brake assembly is connected to the buffer air bag through a spring air pipe adapted thereto;

[0007] The buffer airbag is divided into a natural state and a pressurized state. When in the natural state, the alarm component does not sound an alarm, and the brake component does not restrict the rolling of the wheel shift component; when in the pressurized state, the limit component triggers the alarm component to sound an alarm, and part of the high-pressure gas in the buffer airbag enters the brake component through the spring air pipe to force the brake component to expand radially inward and frictionally brake the wheel shift component.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the portal frame includes a vertical mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixedly straddled on the feed end of the three-conveyor belt conveyor through two legs that are integrated and vertically symmetrically connected at the ends of its bottom surface; a limiting component is provided on the rear end face of the mounting plate, and an alarm component is provided on the front end face.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the limiting assembly also includes a baffle fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the buffer airbag, and a pad is integrally fixedly mounted on the front end face of the buffer airbag. The pad is snap-fitted with a groove opened in the middle of the rear end face of the mounting plate, and is fixedly connected to the groove by bolts at its four corners; the ends of the baffle are respectively and vertically symmetrically connected to guide rods, and the free ends of the guide rods pass through guide holes opened at the ends of the mounting plate; after the wheel shift assembly touches the baffle, the buffer airbag shrinks under pressure, and drives the two guide rods to trigger the alarm assembly to sound an alarm.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the alarm assembly includes a vertical flat support plate, and an alarm light is suspended on the top surface of the flat support plate; a return frame is fixedly provided in the middle of the rear end surface of the flat support plate, and the return frame is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the mounting plate by bolts adapted thereto; the ends of the rear end surface of the flat support plate are respectively vertically symmetrically embedded with guide sockets, and the ends of the front end surface are respectively vertically symmetrically embedded with battery compartments fixedly connected to the corresponding guide sockets, and a rechargeable battery is detachably mounted in the battery compartment;

[0011] The positive electrode of the rechargeable battery in one of the battery compartments is conductively connected to the corresponding conductive socket, and the negative electrode thereof is conductively connected to the positive electrode of the alarm light via a second conductive wire adapted thereto; the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery in the other battery compartment is conductively connected to the corresponding conductive socket, and the positive electrode thereof is conductively connected to the negative electrode of the alarm light via a second conductive wire adapted thereto;

[0012] The free ends of the two guide rods are respectively axially and vertically fixed with guide plugs, and the two guide plugs are conductively connected via a matching wire; after the wheel shift assembly touches the baffle, the buffer airbag shrinks under pressure and drives the guide plugs on the two guide rods to connect with the corresponding guide sockets to form a closed circuit and turn on the warning light to emit an alarm sound.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the wheel shifting assembly includes a support plate horizontally fixed to the bottom of the discharge end of the second-conveyor belt conveyor, the ends of the bottom surface of the support plate are vertically and symmetrically connected with support legs one, the bottom of the support legs one is laterally installed with a wheel frame, the ends of the wheel frame are rotatably connected with T-shaped rail wheels, and the T-shaped rail wheels are laterally rollingly connected to the steel rails correspondingly arranged on both sides of the belt surface of the third-conveyor belt conveyor; each of the wheel frames is provided with a brake assembly for limiting the rolling of the corresponding T-shaped rail wheel; a Z-shaped plate for contacting and pressing the baffle is fixedly screwed in the middle of the front end surface of the support plate.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the brake assembly includes a suspension plate fixedly screwed to the top surface of the corresponding wheel frame, and the suspension plate is connected to the corresponding support leg through a sleeve hole opened through the middle thereof; the bottom surfaces of the ends of the suspension plate are respectively fixedly and symmetrically screwed with suspension blocks, and the bottom surfaces of the suspension blocks are integrally connected with arc support grooves arranged radially opposite to the corresponding T-shaped track wheels, and a telescopic airbag is sleeved in the arc support groove, and a friction pad is detachably fixedly fitted on the inner arc surface of the telescopic airbag; the two telescopic airbags are connected to the pipe openings of the corresponding spring air pipes;

[0015] The telescopic airbag is divided into a contracted state and an expanded state. When in the contracted state, the telescopic part of the telescopic airbag shrinks to the edge of the arc support groove, and the corresponding friction pad does not contact the T-type track wheel; when in the expanded state, the telescopic part of the telescopic airbag expands radially inward, causing the corresponding friction pad to tightly contact the outer peripheral surface of the T-type track wheel for friction braking.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the free end of the guide rod is axially fixed with a square plate, and circular holes are symmetrically opened at the four corners of the square plate, and each of the circular holes is connected and matched with an elastic component vertically arranged on the rear end surface of the flat support plate;

[0017] The elastic component includes a guide column vertically connected to the rear end surface of the flat support plate, the outer end gap of the guide column passes through the corresponding circular hole, and the end surface of the guide column is axially fixed with a stopper screwed; a return spring is axially sleeved on the guide column, and the front end of the return spring is connected to the flat support plate, and the rear end of the return spring is connected to the corresponding square plate.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a "π"-shaped fixing frame is laterally sleeved on the outside of the battery compartment, and the bottoms on both sides of the fixing frame are fixedly connected to the front end surface of the flat support plate by bolts adapted thereto.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the spring air tube is suspended horizontally on the side corresponding to the three-conveyor belt conveyor, and the pipe opening of the spring air tube is connected to the hard air tube 1 with an inverted L-shaped structure, and the other pipe opening is connected to the hard air tube 2 with an inverted L-shaped structure; the pipe opening of the hard air tube 1 is connected to the air nozzle arranged on the side corresponding to the buffer airbag, and the pipe opening of the hard air tube 2 is connected to a hard bronchus, and the two pipe openings of the hard bronchus are respectively connected to the corresponding telescopic airbags.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, U-shaped grooves are symmetrically suspended laterally on the sides of the front feeding section of the three-conveyor belt conveyor, and the spring air pipes are placed in the corresponding U-shaped grooves.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] In the coal mining and transportation device of the shaft and lane of the present invention, the limit alarm mechanism set up on the third conveyor belt conveyor, especially the buffer airbag and alarm assembly set thereon, realizes the blocking limit and monitoring alarm of the forward movement position of the wheel shift assembly at the discharge end of the second conveyor belt conveyor;

[0023] When the wheel shift assembly gradually approaches or exceeds the safety distance due to the forward movement of the crawler excavator loader, the buffer airbag is squeezed and enters a compressed state to limit the wheel shift assembly from moving forward, and immediately triggers the alarm assembly to sound an alarm, reminding the operator to pay attention in time and take corresponding measures, effectively preventing the risk of the second conveyor belt detaching from the third conveyor belt;

[0024] At the same time, the high-pressure gas released by the buffer airbag after being compressed is transmitted to the brake assembly through the spring air pipe. After receiving the gas, the brake assembly will expand radially inward, tightly fit and frictionally brake the rolling part of the wheel shift assembly, realizing the automatic braking function; this automatic braking mechanism responds quickly while giving an alarm, further preventing the wheel shift assembly from moving forward, ensuring the safe connection between the equipment and avoiding the occurrence of underground coal mining and transportation accidents;

[0025] By introducing the limit alarm mechanism, the device not only enhances the safety of the coal mining and transportation process, but also reduces downtime and maintenance costs caused by human negligence or improper operation; the operator can stop the crawler excavator loader from moving forward in time according to the alarm prompt, and continue to move forward for excavation after the three-transport belt conveyor completes a step-by-step self-movement cycle, thus ensuring the continuity and efficiency of coal mining and transportation operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the limit alarm mechanism in the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the door frame in the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the limit assembly in the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the alarm component in the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure of the middle A part;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the alarm component in another perspective of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Fig. 9 Shows Figure 8 A magnified view of the structure of the tail of middle B;

[0035] Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the assembly of the alarm component and the limit component in the present invention is shown;

[0036] Fig.11 The structure diagram of the brake assembly in the present invention is shown;

[0037] Fig.12 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the assembly of the brake assembly and the wheel shift assembly in the present invention is shown;

[0038] Fig.13 A partial structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the present invention is shown.

[0039] As shown in the figure: 1. crawler excavator loader; 11. conveyor belt 1; 2. conveyor belt 2; 3. wheel shift assembly; 31. support plate; 32. leg 1; 33. wheel frame; 34. T-type track wheel; 4. conveyor belt 3; 41. rail; 5. limit alarm mechanism; 51. door frame; 511. mounting plate; 5111. groove; 5112. guide hole; 512. leg 2; 52. limit assembly; 521. cushion airbag; 5211. pad; 5212. air nozzle; 522. baffle; 523. guide rod; 5231. square plate; 5232. round hole; 524. guide plug; 5241. wire 1; 53 , alarm component; 531, flat support plate; 532, return frame; 533, battery compartment; 5331, guide socket; 5332, rechargeable battery; 5333, fixing frame; 534, wire two; 535, alarm light; 536, elastic component; 5361, guide column; 5362, return spring; 5363, stopper; 54, Z-type plate; 55, brake assembly; 551, suspension plate; 5511, sleeve hole; 552, suspension support block; 553, arc support groove; 554, telescopic airbag; 555, friction pad; 556, hard bronchial tube; 56, spring air tube; 561, hard air tube one; 562, hard air tube two; 57, U-shaped groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, a coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler excavator loader is provided as follows:

[0043] Combination Figure 1~Figure 3 As shown, a coal mining and transportation device for a shaft and tunnel based on a crawler excavator loader comprises a first conveyor belt 11 arranged on the crawler excavator loader 1, a second conveyor belt 2 connected to the tail of the crawler excavator loader 1 is arranged just below the discharge end of the first conveyor belt 11, a third conveyor belt 4 is rollingly overlapped through a wheel shift assembly 3 fixed at the bottom of the discharge end of the second conveyor belt 2, a limit alarm mechanism 5 is mounted on the third conveyor belt 4, the limit alarm mechanism 5 comprises a portal frame 51 vertically spanned on the feed end of the third conveyor belt 4, the front end surface of the portal frame 51 is provided with an alarm assembly 53, and the rear end surface thereof is provided with a limit assembly 52, the limit assembly 52 comprises a buffer air bag 521 for limiting the forward movement of the wheel shift assembly 3; a brake assembly 55 for limiting the rolling movement thereof is arranged on the wheel shift assembly 3, and the brake assembly 55 is connected to the buffer air bag 521 through a spring air pipe 56 adapted thereto;

[0044] The buffer airbag 521 can be divided into a natural state and a pressurized state. When in the natural state, the alarm component 53 does not sound an alarm, and the brake component 55 does not restrict the rolling of the wheel shift component 3; when in the pressurized state, the limit component 52 triggers the alarm component 53 to sound an alarm, and part of the high-pressure gas in the buffer airbag 521 enters the brake component 55 through the spring air pipe 56 to force the brake component 55 to expand radially inward and frictionally brake the wheel shift component 3.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the coal mining and transportation device in the shaft and tunnel realizes the blocking and limiting and monitoring alarm of the forward movement position of the wheel shift assembly 3 at the discharge end of the second conveyor belt conveyor 2 through the limit alarm mechanism 5 set on the third conveyor belt conveyor 4, especially the buffer airbag 521 and the alarm assembly 53 set thereon;

[0046] When the wheel shift assembly 3 gradually approaches or exceeds the safety distance due to the forward movement of the crawler excavator loader 1, the buffer airbag 521 is squeezed and enters a compressed state to limit the wheel shift assembly 3 from continuing to move forward, and immediately triggers the alarm assembly 53 to sound an alarm, reminding the operator to pay attention in time and take corresponding measures, effectively preventing the risk of the second conveyor belt 2 being separated from the third conveyor belt 4;

[0047] At the same time, the high-pressure gas released by the buffer airbag 521 after being compressed is transmitted to the brake assembly 55 through the spring air pipe 56. After receiving the gas, the brake assembly 55 will expand radially inward, tightly fit and frictionally brake the rolling part of the wheel shift assembly 3, thereby realizing the automatic braking function; this automatic braking mechanism responds quickly while giving an alarm, further preventing the wheel shift assembly 3 from moving forward, ensuring the safe connection between the equipment and avoiding the occurrence of underground coal mining and transportation safety accidents;

[0048] By introducing the limit alarm mechanism 5, the device not only enhances the safety of the coal mining and transportation process, but also reduces the downtime and maintenance costs caused by human negligence or improper operation; the operator can stop the crawler excavator loader 1 from moving forward in time according to the alarm prompt, and continue to move forward and dig after the three-transport belt conveyor 4 completes a step-by-step self-movement cycle, thereby ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the coal mining and transportation operations.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] Combination Figure 3~Figure 10 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further provides the following contents:

[0051] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the portal frame 51 includes a vertical mounting plate 511, and the mounting plate 511 is fixedly straddled on the feed end of the three-conveyor belt conveyor 4 through a second leg 512 which is integrally and vertically symmetrically connected at the end of its bottom surface; a limiting component 52 is provided on the rear end face of the mounting plate 511, and an alarm component 53 is provided on the front end face thereof.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the portal frame 51 is firmly straddled on the feed end of the three-conveyor belt conveyor 4 through the support legs 512 which are integrated and vertically symmetrically connected at the ends of its bottom surface. This design not only ensures the stability of the portal frame 51, enabling it to withstand the weight from the limit assembly 52 and the alarm assembly 53 and the impact force from the wheel shift assembly 3, but also facilitates installation and adjustment of the position.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the limiting assembly 52 also includes a baffle plate 522 fixedly arranged on the rear end face of the buffer airbag 521, and a pad plate 5211 is integrally fixedly attached to the front end face of the buffer airbag 521, and the pad plate 5211 is snap-fitted with a groove 5111 opened in the middle part of the rear end face of the mounting plate 511, and is fixedly connected thereto by bolts at its four corners; the ends of the baffle plate 522 are respectively and vertically symmetrically connected with guide rods 523, and the free ends of the guide rods 523 correspond to pass through the guide holes 5112 opened at the end of the mounting plate 511; after the wheel shift assembly 3 touches the baffle plate 522, the buffer airbag 521 is compressed and retracted, and drives the two guide rods 523 to trigger the alarm assembly 53 to sound an alarm.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit component 52 realizes effective limit to the forward movement of the wheel shift component 3 through the setting of the buffer airbag 521; when the wheel shift component 3 approaches or exceeds the safety distance due to the forward movement of the crawler excavator loader 1, it will touch the baffle 522, causing the buffer airbag 521 to shrink under pressure; in this process, not only the further forward movement of the wheel shift component 3 is limited, but also the alarm mechanism is triggered by the deformation of the buffer airbag 521; the alarm component 53 is triggered when the buffer airbag 521 is compressed, and an alarm sound is issued to remind the operator to pay attention and take measures; this instant feedback mechanism greatly improves the safety of the operation and avoids coal mining and transportation safety accidents caused by operator negligence;

[0055] The matching design of the guide rod 523 and the guide hole 5112 provides a stable guiding effect for the compression deformation of the cushion airbag 521; this design ensures that the cushion airbag 521 can shrink in a predetermined direction when compressed, thereby accurately triggering the alarm component 53, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms caused by uncertain deformation direction;

[0056] The pad 5211 is snap-fitted with the groove 5111 in the middle of the rear end surface of the mounting plate 511 and fixedly connected by bolts, thereby enhancing the stability of the installation of the buffer airbag 521; this stability not only ensures the reliability of the limit assembly 52 during operation, but also extends its service life.

[0057] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the alarm component 53 includes a vertical flat support plate 531, and an alarm light 535 is suspended on the top surface of the flat support plate 531; a return frame 532 is fixedly provided in the middle of the rear end surface of the flat support plate 531, and the return frame 532 is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the mounting plate 511 by bolts adapted thereto; guide sockets 5331 are vertically and symmetrically embedded at the ends of the rear end surface of the flat support plate 531, and battery compartments 533 fixedly connected to the corresponding guide sockets 5331 are vertically and symmetrically embedded at the ends of the front end surface, and a rechargeable battery 5332 is detachably mounted in the battery compartment 533;

[0058] The positive electrode of the rechargeable battery 5332 in one of the battery compartments 533 is conductively connected to the corresponding conductive socket 5331, and the negative electrode thereof is conductively connected to the positive electrode of the warning light 535 via a second conductive wire 534 adapted thereto; the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery 5332 in the other battery compartment 533 is conductively connected to the corresponding conductive socket 5331, and the positive electrode thereof is conductively connected to the negative electrode of the warning light 535 via a second conductive wire 534 adapted thereto;

[0059] The free ends of the two guide rods 523 are respectively axially and vertically fixed with guide plugs 524, and the two guide plugs 524 are conductively connected via a matching wire 5241; after the wheel shift assembly 3 touches the baffle 522, the buffer airbag 521 shrinks under pressure and drives the guide plugs 524 on the two guide rods 523 to connect with the corresponding guide sockets 5331 to form a closed circuit and turn on the alarm light 535 to sound an alarm.

[0060] By adopting the above technical solution, when the wheel shift assembly 3 approaches or exceeds the safety distance due to the forward movement of the crawler excavator loader, it will touch and press the baffle 522 in the limit assembly 52, causing the buffer airbag 521 to shrink under pressure; during this process, the two guide rods 523 move accordingly, so that the guide plug 524 on its free end is plugged into the guide socket 5331 in the alarm assembly 53, thereby forming a closed circuit; this instant circuit closing action triggers the alarm light 535 to sound an alarm, providing a quick and clear warning signal to the operator;

[0061] The alarm component 53 adopts a dual power supply design, that is, two battery compartments 533 are respectively equipped with rechargeable batteries 5332. This design ensures that even if one of the rechargeable batteries 5332 is exhausted or fails, the other rechargeable battery 5332 can still continue to supply power, thereby ensuring the reliability of the alarm function;

[0062] The various components of the alarm assembly 53, such as the flat support plate 531, the return frame 532, the guide socket 5331, the battery compartment 533, etc., all adopt a modular design to facilitate installation, disassembly and maintenance; in particular, the detachable design of the rechargeable battery 5332 in the battery compartment 533 allows the operator to easily replace the rechargeable battery 5332 without disassembling the entire alarm assembly 53.

[0063] Preferably, the wire 1 5241 can pass through the circular frame 532, or can be placed above or below the circular frame 532, as long as it does not affect the connection between the conductive plug 524 and the conductive socket 5331.

[0064] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the free end of the guide rod 523 is axially fixed with a square plate 5231, and circular holes 5232 are symmetrically opened at the four corners of the square plate 5231, and each of the circular holes 5232 is connected and matched with an elastic component 536 vertically arranged on the rear end surface of the flat support plate 531;

[0065] The elastic component 536 includes a guide column 5361 vertically connected to the rear end face of the flat support plate 531, the outer end gap of the guide column 5361 passes through the corresponding circular hole 5232, and the end face thereof is axially fixed with a stopper 5363 screwed therein; a return spring 5362 is axially sleeved on the guide column 5361, and the front end of the return spring 5362 is connected to the flat support plate 531, and the rear end thereof is connected to the corresponding square plate 5231.

[0066] By adopting the above technical solution, the square plate 5231 is fixedly connected to the free end of the guide rod 523, and the circular holes 5232 symmetrically opened at the four corners thereof are engaged with the guide posts 5361 in the elastic component 536; this design not only further provides a stable guiding effect for the guide rod 523, but also achieves a buffering effect through the combination of the guide posts 5361 and the return springs 5362; when the wheel shift component 3 contacts the baffle plate 522, causing the buffer airbag 521 to shrink under pressure and drive the guide rod 523 to move, the return spring 5362 can absorb part of the impact energy and slow down the moving speed of the guide rod 523, thereby avoiding damage to the guide socket 5331 due to sudden impact on the guide plug 524.

[0067] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, a "π"-shaped fixing frame 5333 is laterally sleeved on the outside of the battery compartment 533, and the bottoms on both sides of the fixing frame 5333 are fixedly connected to the front end surface of the flat support plate 531 by bolts adapted thereto.

[0068] By adopting the above technical solution, the π-shaped fixing frame 5333 is connected to the front end surface of the flat support plate 531 through bolts at the bottom of its two sides, providing additional lateral support for the battery compartment 533. This design can prevent the guide plug 524 from falling off due to sudden impact, causing the guide socket 5331 and the battery compartment 533 to fall off.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 11~Figure 13 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further provides the following contents:

[0071] In this embodiment, if Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the wheel shift assembly 3 includes a support plate 31 horizontally fixed to the bottom of the discharge end of the second conveyor belt conveyor 2, the bottom ends of the support plate 31 are vertically and symmetrically connected with support legs 32, the bottom of the support legs 32 is laterally installed with a wheel frame 33, the ends of the wheel frame 33 are rotatably connected with T-shaped rail wheels 34, and the T-shaped rail wheels 34 are laterally rollingly connected to the steel rails 41 correspondingly arranged on both sides of the belt surface of the third conveyor belt conveyor 4; each of the wheel frames 33 is provided with a brake assembly 55 for limiting the rolling of the corresponding T-shaped rail wheel 34; a Z-shaped plate 54 for contacting and pressing the baffle 522 is fixedly screwed in the middle of the front end face of the support plate 31.

[0072] By adopting the above technical solution, the wheel shift assembly 3 is provided with a lateral rolling connection with the steel rails 41 on both sides of the belt surface of the third conveyor belt 4 through the T-shaped track wheel 34. This design enables the second conveyor belt 2 to move and overlap smoothly on the third conveyor belt 4, ensuring the continuity and stability of material transmission; at the same time, the design of the T-shaped track wheel 34 enhances the contact area and stability between the wheel shift assembly 3 and the steel rail 41, and reduces vibration and deviation during rolling.

[0073] A brake assembly 55 is provided on each wheel frame 33, and these brake assemblies 55 are connected to the buffer airbags 521 through spring air pipes 56 respectively; when the secondary conveyor belt 2 approaches the safe position of the feed end of the tertiary conveyor belt 4 due to the forward movement of the crawler excavator loader 1, the Z-type plate 54 of the wheel shift assembly 3 will contact the baffle plate 522, causing the buffer airbag 521 to be pressurized and release high-pressure gas into the brake assembly 55; the brake assembly 55 therefore expands radially inward, frictionally braking the T-type track wheel 34, thereby preventing the wheel shift assembly 3 from further rolling; this safety braking mechanism effectively prevents the accident of the secondary conveyor belt 2 detaching from the tertiary conveyor belt 4, thereby improving the safety and reliability of coal mining operations.

[0074] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the brake assembly 55 includes a suspension plate 551 fixedly screwed to the top surface of the corresponding wheel frame 33, and the suspension plate 551 is connected to the corresponding support leg 1 32 through a sleeve hole 5511 opened through the middle thereof; the bottom surfaces of the ends of the suspension plate 551 are fixedly and symmetrically screwed with suspension blocks 552, and the bottom surfaces of the suspension blocks 552 are integrally connected with arc support grooves 553 arranged radially opposite to the corresponding T-shaped track wheel 34, and the arc support grooves 553 are sleeved with a telescopic airbag 554, and the inner arc surface of the telescopic airbag 554 is detachably fixedly fitted with a friction pad 555; the two telescopic airbags 554 are connected to the corresponding pipe openings of the spring air pipe 56;

[0075] The telescopic airbag 554 can be divided into a contracted state and an expanded state. When in the contracted state, the telescopic portion of the telescopic airbag 554 shrinks to the edge of the arc support groove 553, and the corresponding friction pad 555 does not contact the T-shaped track wheel 34; when in the expanded state, the telescopic portion of the telescopic airbag 554 expands radially inward, causing the corresponding friction pad 555 to tightly contact the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped track wheel 34 for friction braking.

[0076] By adopting the above technical solution, when the secondary conveyor belt 2 approaches the safe position of the feeding end of the third conveyor belt 4 due to the forward movement of the crawler excavator loader 1, the Z-shaped plate 54 on the wheel shift assembly 3 will touch the baffle 522 in the limit alarm mechanism 5, causing the buffer airbag 521 to be pressurized and release high-pressure gas; these high-pressure gases quickly enter the telescopic airbag 554 in the brake assembly 55 through the spring air pipe 56, causing the telescopic airbag 554 to change from a contracted state to an expanded state; the expanded telescopic airbag 554 pushes the friction pad 555 to fit tightly against the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped track wheel 34, thereby achieving rapid and effective friction braking and preventing the wheel shift assembly 3 from further rolling; this instant response and efficient braking mechanism effectively prevents the risk of the secondary conveyor belt 2 detaching from the third conveyor belt 4;

[0077] In normal circumstances of the brake assembly 55 (i.e. when the telescopic airbag 554 is in a contracted state), the friction pad 555 does not contact the T-type track wheel 34, thereby reducing unnecessary wear and energy consumption; only when braking is required, the friction pad 555 is pressed against the T-type track wheel 34 by the action of high-pressure gas, thereby ensuring the reliability and safety of braking; in addition, the detachable design of the friction pad 555 facilitates replacement and maintenance, further improving the service life and safety of the equipment.

[0078] like Figure 3 and Fig.13 As shown, the spring air tube 56 is suspended laterally on the side corresponding to the three-conveyor belt conveyor 4, one pipe end of the spring air tube 56 is connected to a hard air tube 1 561 of an inverted L-shaped structure, and the other pipe end is connected to a hard air tube 2 562 of an inverted L-shaped structure; the pipe end of the hard air tube 1 561 is connected to the air nozzle 5212 arranged on the side corresponding to the buffer airbag 521, and the pipe end of the hard air tube 2 562 is connected to a hard bronchus 556, and the two pipe ends of the hard bronchus 556 are respectively connected to the corresponding telescopic airbags 554.

[0079] By adopting the above technical solution, the hard air tube 1 561 and the hard air tube 2 562 adopt an inverted L-shaped structure, respectively connecting the spring air tube 56 with the air nozzle 5212 of the buffer air bag 521 and the telescopic air bag 554 of the brake assembly 55. This hard connection structure can ensure that the spring air tube 56 can maintain lateral telescopic movement with the movement of the three-conveyor belt conveyor 4 or the wheel shift assembly;

[0080] The hard air tube 556 serves as an intermediate connecting piece to accurately distribute the high-pressure gas of the hard air tube 2 562 to the two telescopic air bags 554, ensuring that the two brake assemblies can expand simultaneously and evenly, thereby achieving uniform friction braking of the T-type track wheel 34.

[0081] like Figure 3 and Fig.13 As shown, U-shaped grooves 57 are symmetrically suspended laterally on the sides of the front feeding section of the three-conveyor belt conveyor 4, and the spring air pipes 56 are placed in the corresponding U-shaped grooves 57.

[0082] By adopting the above technical solution, the U-shaped groove 57 provides a fixed placement space for the spring air tube 56, thereby preventing the spring air tube 56 from being damaged by direct impact, friction or extrusion in the complex environment underground; since the spring air tube 56 is stably placed in the U-shaped groove 57, their connection with the hard air tube 1 561, the hard air tube 2 562 and the hard bronchial tube 556 is more stable, which not only reduces the gas leakage problem caused by loose or falling connections, but also allows the spring air tube 56 to better telescope and move laterally along the U-shaped groove 57.

[0083] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0084] When the present invention is used, in the coal mining operation in the shaft and tunnel, the crawler excavator loader 1 excavates and loads the coal to its own first conveyor belt conveyor 11, and the coal is then transported to the second conveyor belt conveyor 2, and then transported to the third conveyor belt conveyor 4 by the second conveyor belt conveyor 2, so as to realize the continuous transportation of coal;

[0085] To ensure transportation safety, a limit alarm mechanism 5 is provided on the third conveyor belt conveyor 4; when the crawler excavator loader 1 continuously moves forward, if the operator fails to find and adjust in time, the wheel shift assembly 3 at the bottom of the discharge end of the second conveyor belt conveyor 2 may be separated from the rail 41 on the third conveyor belt conveyor 4 due to excessive forward movement, resulting in an accident; at this time, the Z-shaped plate at the front end of the wheel shift assembly 3 will contact the baffle 522 in the limit alarm mechanism 5, causing the buffer airbag 521 to shrink under pressure (the buffer airbag 51 itself will also prevent the wheel shift assembly 3 from continuing to move forward);

[0086] The pressurized state of the buffer airbag 521 triggers two actions at the same time: first, the guide plug 524 is driven by the guide rod 523 to plug into the guide socket 5331 in the alarm assembly 53, forming a closed circuit, so that the alarm light 535 emits an alarm sound to alert the operator; second, part of the high-pressure gas in the buffer airbag 521 enters the telescopic airbag 554 in the brake assembly 55 through the spring air pipe 56, so that the telescopic airbag 554 expands, and the friction pad 555 on its inner arc surface is closely attached to the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped track wheel 34, generating friction force to brake the wheel shift assembly 3 to prevent it from continuing to move forward;

[0087] At the same time, the guide rod 523 will compress the return spring 5362 in the elastic component 536 during the movement, slowing down the movement speed of the guide rod 523, thereby preventing the guide plug 524 from being damaged due to sudden impact.

[0088] During the whole process, the limit alarm mechanism 5 not only serves as a warning, but also realizes automatic braking of the wheel shift assembly 3 through the buffer airbag 521 and the brake assembly 55, greatly improving the safety and reliability of coal mining and transportation; the operator only needs to take timely measures according to the prompt of the alarm light 535 to ensure the smooth progress of the coal mining and transportation operations.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mining and transportation device for a mine tunnel based on a crawler excavator loader, comprising a first conveyor belt (11) arranged on the crawler excavator loader (1), a second conveyor belt (2) connected to the rear of the crawler excavator loader (1) is arranged directly below the discharge end of the first conveyor belt (11), a third conveyor belt (4) is rollingly overlapped directly below the second conveyor belt (2) through a wheel shift assembly (3) fixed at the bottom of the discharge end thereof, and is characterized in that: The three-conveyor belt conveyor (4) is provided with a limit alarm mechanism (5), the limit alarm mechanism (5) comprising a portal frame (51) vertically spanned at the feeding end of the three-conveyor belt conveyor (4), the front end surface of the portal frame (51) being provided with an alarm component (53), the rear end surface thereof being provided with a limit assembly (52), the limit assembly (52) comprising a buffer air bag (521) for limiting the forward movement of the wheel shift assembly (3); the wheel shift assembly (3) being provided with a brake assembly (55) for limiting the rolling movement thereof, the brake assembly (55) being connected to the buffer air bag (521) via a spring air pipe (56) adapted thereto; The cushioning airbag (521) is divided into a natural state and a compressed state. When in the natural state, the alarm component (53) does not emit an alarm sound, and the brake component (55) does not restrict the rolling of the wheel shift component (3); when in the compressed state, the limit component (52) triggers the alarm component (53) to emit an alarm sound, and part of the high-pressure gas in the cushioning airbag (521) enters the brake component (55) through the spring air pipe (56), so as to force the brake component (55) to expand radially inwardly and frictionally brake the wheel shift component (3); The door frame (51) comprises a vertical mounting plate (511), and the mounting plate (511) is fixedly straddled on the feeding end of the three-conveyor belt conveyor (4) through two supporting legs (512) integrally connected vertically and symmetrically at the end of the bottom surface of the mounting plate (511); a limit position component (52) is arranged on the rear end surface of the mounting plate (511), and an alarm component (53) is arranged on the front end surface thereof; The limiting assembly (52) further comprises a baffle (522) fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the buffer airbag (521); a pad (5211) is integrally fixedly mounted on the front end face of the buffer airbag (521); the pad (5211) is snap-fitted with a groove (5111) provided in the middle of the rear end face of the mounting plate (511), and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (511) via bolts at its four corners; the ends of the baffle (522) are respectively and vertically symmetrically connected with guide rods (523), and the free ends of the guide rods (523) correspondingly pass through guide holes (5112) provided at the end of the mounting plate (511); after the wheel shift assembly (3) contacts and presses the baffle (522), the buffer airbag (521) shrinks inwardly under pressure, and drives the two guide rods (523) to trigger the alarm assembly (53) to emit an alarm sound; The alarm assembly (53) comprises a vertically erected flat support plate (531), and an alarm light (535) is suspended on the top surface of the flat support plate (531); a return frame (532) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear end surface of the flat support plate (531), and the return frame (532) is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the mounting plate (511) by bolts matching therewith; guide sockets (5331) are vertically and symmetrically embedded at the ends of the rear end surface of the flat support plate (531), and battery compartments (533) fixedly connected to the corresponding guide sockets (5331) are vertically and symmetrically embedded at the ends of the front end surface, and a rechargeable battery (5332) is detachably mounted in the battery compartment (533); The positive electrode of the rechargeable battery (5332) in one of the battery compartments (533) is conductively connected to the corresponding conductive socket (5331), and the negative electrode thereof is conductively connected to the positive electrode of the alarm light (535) via a second conductive wire (534) adapted thereto; the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery (5332) in the other battery compartment (533) is conductively connected to the corresponding conductive socket (5331), and the positive electrode thereof is conductively connected to the negative electrode of the alarm light (535) via a second conductive wire (534) adapted thereto; A guide plug (524) is fixedly arranged axially and vertically on the free ends of the two guide rods (523), and the two guide plugs (524) are conductively connected via a matching wire (5241); after the wheel shift assembly (3) contacts the baffle plate (522), the buffer airbag (521) shrinks under pressure, and drives the guide plugs (524) on the two guide rods (523) to plug into the corresponding guide sockets (5331), so as to form a closed circuit and turn on the alarm light (535) to emit an alarm sound.

2. The coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler-type excavator loader according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wheel shift assembly (3) comprises a support plate (31) horizontally fixed to the bottom of the discharge end of the second conveyor belt conveyor (2); the bottom ends of the support plate (31) are vertically and symmetrically connected to support legs (32); the bottom of the support legs (32) is laterally mounted with a wheel frame (33); the ends of the wheel frame (33) are rotatably connected to T-shaped rail wheels (34); the T-shaped rail wheels (34) are laterally rollingly connected to the steel rails (41) correspondingly arranged on both sides of the belt surface of the third conveyor belt conveyor (4); each wheel frame (33) is provided with a brake assembly (55) for limiting the rolling of the corresponding T-shaped rail wheel (34); a Z-shaped plate (54) for contacting and pressing the baffle (522) is fixedly screwed to the middle of the front end surface of the support plate (31).

3. The coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler-type excavator loader according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The brake assembly (55) comprises a suspension plate (551) fixedly screwed to the top surface of the corresponding wheel frame (33), and the suspension plate (551) is connected to the corresponding support leg (32) through a sleeve hole (5511) opened through the middle thereof; the bottom surfaces of the ends of the suspension plate (551) are respectively fixedly and symmetrically screwed with suspension blocks (552), and the bottom surfaces of the suspension blocks (552) are integrally connected with arc support grooves (553) arranged radially opposite to the corresponding T-shaped track wheel (34), and the arc support grooves (553) are sleeved with a telescopic airbag (554), and the inner arc surface of the telescopic airbag (554) is detachably fixedly fitted with a friction pad (555); the two telescopic airbags (554) are connected to the pipe openings of the corresponding spring air pipes (56); The telescopic airbag (554) is divided into a contracted state and an expanded state. When in the contracted state, the telescopic portion of the telescopic airbag (554) shrinks to the edge of the arc support groove (553), and the corresponding friction pad (555) does not contact the T-shaped track wheel (34); when in the expanded state, the telescopic portion of the telescopic airbag (554) expands radially inward, so that the corresponding friction pad (555) and the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped track wheel (34) are in close contact with each other for friction braking.

4. The coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler-type excavator loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free end of the guide rod (523) is axially fixed with a square plate (5231), and circular holes (5232) are symmetrically opened at the four corners of the square plate (5231), and each of the circular holes (5232) is connected and matched with an elastic component (536) vertically arranged on the rear end surface of the flat support plate (531); The elastic component (536) includes a guide column (5361) vertically connected to the rear end face of the flat support plate (531), the outer end gap of the guide column (5361) passes through the corresponding circular hole (5232), and the end face thereof is axially fixed with a stopper (5363) by screw connection; a return spring (5362) is axially sleeved on the guide column (5361), and the front end of the return spring (5362) is connected to the flat support plate (531), and the rear end thereof is connected to the corresponding square plate (5231).

5. The coal mining and transportation device based on a crawler-type excavator loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery compartment (533) is laterally sleeved with a "π"-shaped fixing frame (5333) on the outside, and the bottoms on both sides of the fixing frame (5333) are fixedly connected to the front end surface of the flat support plate (531) by bolts adapted thereto.

6. The device for coal mining and transportation in a tunnel based on a crawler-type excavator loader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring air tube (56) is suspended transversely on the side corresponding to the three-conveyor belt conveyor (4); one end of the spring air tube (56) is connected to a hard air tube 1 (561) with an inverted L-shaped structure, and the other end of the spring air tube is connected to a hard air tube 2 (562) with an inverted L-shaped structure; the end of the hard air tube 1 (561) is connected to an air nozzle (5212) arranged on the side corresponding to the buffer airbag (521), and the end of the hard air tube 2 (562) is connected to a hard bronchus (556); the two ends of the hard bronchus (556) are respectively connected to the corresponding telescopic airbags (554).

7. The device for coal mining and transportation in a tunnel based on a crawler-type excavator loader according to claim 6, characterized in that: U-shaped grooves (57) are symmetrically suspended laterally on the side surfaces of the front feeding section of the three-conveyor belt conveyor (4), and the spring air pipes (56) are placed in the corresponding U-shaped grooves (57).

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