A method and system for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels. The method includes the following steps: taking any data point in a vibration data sequence as a target data point, obtaining the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of each data point in a preset local range of the target data point, and determining the noise performance degree of the target data point; obtaining the mean of the noise performance degree of all data points, and determining the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence; using the bandwidth parameter in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence, and using spectrum analysis to process the denoised vibration data sequence to obtain the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the vibration data sequence; based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude with the threshold value, obtaining the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring, so that the accuracy of the monitoring result of the vibration data of the reinforced steel ring can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring vibration data of a reinforcement steel ring used in a subway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] As a public transportation system with high speed and large capacity, urban rail transit provides an effective solution to alleviate the problems of ground traffic congestion and insufficient carrying capacity in large cities. However, due to factors such as train operation and the load of underground tunnel structure itself, the track structure will deform and crack during the operation period, posing a major safety hazard.

[0003] At present, most of the repair methods for subway tunnels are to install reinforcing steel rings at cracks or water seepage in the tunnel. For example, the patent application document with publication number CN117195420A discloses a design method, device, equipment and storage medium for reinforcing steel rings in subway tunnels. The application obtains a grayscale image of the segment lining structure, recorded defect point data and the layout data of the steel ring to be designed for the lining structure, and the recorded defect point data and the layout data of the steel ring to be designed for the lining structure; based on the grayscale image and the defect point data, the punching avoidance points of the steel ring to be designed are determined; based on the punching avoidance points and the layout data, the steel ring to be designed is designed.

[0004] The above existing solutions mainly focus on how to improve the reinforcement effect, which is helpful to ensure the normal use of the tunnel to a certain extent. However, once the reinforcement steel ring fails, the cracks in the tunnel will become more serious and groundwater will flow into the tunnel.

[0005] Based on this, how to accurately obtain the monitoring results of the reinforcement steel rings of the subway tunnel is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem of how to accurately obtain the monitoring results of the reinforcement steel rings of the subway tunnel, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the vibration data of the reinforcement steel rings of the subway tunnel.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring vibration data of a reinforcement steel ring for a subway tunnel, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] Acquire multiple data points in the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring and obtain the data value corresponding to each data point; take any data point as the target data point, determine the fitting value of each data point in the preset local range of the target data point, obtain the absolute value of the difference between the data value of each data point and the fitting value, determine the noise performance degree of the target data point, and the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference; obtain the mean of the noise performance degree of all data points in the vibration data sequence, determine the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence, and the bandwidth parameter is positively correlated with the mean of the noise performance degree; use the bandwidth parameter in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence, use spectrum analysis to process the denoised vibration data sequence, and obtain the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the vibration data sequence; based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude with the threshold, obtain the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring.

[0009] The present invention takes into account that the monitoring of reinforced steel rings plays an important role in the normal operation of urban rail transit. Therefore, the monitoring results of the reinforced steel rings are obtained by processing the vibration data of the reinforced steel rings. Considering that there is noise interference in the environment where the vibration data is collected, the present invention processes the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel rings through the VMD algorithm, which can effectively reduce the interference of noise data on the monitoring results and accurately obtain the monitoring results. In addition, the present invention also takes into account that the fixed bandwidth noise in the VMD algorithm cannot present a good denoising effect on all vibration data. Based on this, the present invention obtains the noise performance degree of the data points in the vibration data sequence in a preset local range, and can accurately obtain the bandwidth parameters of the vibration data sequence, so that the vibration data monitoring results of the reinforced steel ring can be accurately obtained based on the bandwidth parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the obtained monitoring results.

[0010] According to a method for monitoring vibration data of reinforcement steel rings for subway tunnels provided by the present invention, the acquisition of multiple data points in a vibration data sequence of the reinforcement steel rings includes: acquiring vibration data of the reinforcement steel rings in various dimensions through sensors, preprocessing the vibration data, and obtaining vibration data sequences of the reinforcement steel rings in various dimensions.

[0011] The present invention takes into account that vibration data changes in a vibration data sequence in a single dimension may be accidental, and therefore accurately obtains the noise performance degree of data points in the vibration data sequence by analyzing the vibration data change rules of vibration data sequences in multiple dimensions.

[0012] According to a reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring method for a subway tunnel provided by the present invention, the determining of the noise performance degree of the target data point includes: determining the regularity of the target data point, wherein the regularity is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of each data point in a preset local range of the target data point; and calculating the noise index of the target data point:

[0013] ;

[0014] In the formula, represents the noise index of the target data point, represents the regularity of the target data points, , Respectively represent the regularity of the data points corresponding to the target data point in the other two dimensions, represents the preset hyperparameters, represents the variance function, represents an exponential function with e as the base; determining the noise performance degree of the target data point, wherein the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the noise index.

[0015] The present invention provides an accurate calculation formula for the noise index of a target data point, and by combining data points in different dimensions, the accuracy of the noise performance of the target data point obtained based on the formula can be effectively improved.

[0016] According to a reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring method for a subway tunnel provided by the present invention, the regularity of the target data points satisfies the relationship:

[0017] ;

[0018] In the formula, represents the regularity of the target data points, Indicates the number of data points in the preset local range of the target data point. represents the fitted value of the jth data point in the preset local range, represents the data value of the jth data point in the preset local range, represents the exponential function with base e, Represents the absolute value symbol.

[0019] According to a vibration data monitoring method for reinforcement steel rings for subway tunnels provided by the present invention, determining the noise performance level of the target data point includes: obtaining other data points corresponding to the target data point in the vibration data sequence in each dimension collected by all sensors on the reinforcement steel ring, and taking the product of the variance of the regularity of the target data point and the other data points and the noise index as the noise performance level of the target data point.

[0020] The present invention takes into account that the abnormal data generated by the reinforced steel ring itself is mixed with the noise data, and when the abnormality occurs, it will affect all sensors. Therefore, by analyzing the changes in the vibration data sequences of different sensors to distinguish between abnormal data and noise data, the noise performance degree of the data point can be accurately obtained.

[0021] According to a vibration data monitoring method for a reinforcement steel ring in a subway tunnel provided by the present invention, the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence satisfies the relationship:

[0022] ;

[0023] In the formula, represents the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence, represents the reference bandwidth parameter, represents the number of data points in the vibration data sequence, Indicates the first The noise level of each data point is represents the exponential function with base e, Indicates the floor symbol.

[0024] According to a vibration data monitoring method for reinforced steel rings in subway tunnels provided by the present invention, the bandwidth parameter is used in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence, including: using the kurtosis principle to determine the number of decomposition layers of the VMD algorithm; based on the number of decomposition layers and the bandwidth parameter, the vibration data sequence is decomposed into multiple IMF components, the IMF components containing noise data are removed, and the remaining IMF components are reconstructed to obtain a denoised vibration data sequence.

[0025] According to a vibration data monitoring method for reinforcement steel rings for subway tunnels provided by the present invention, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is obtained based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude with a threshold value, including: a preset threshold value; if the vibration frequency and / or vibration amplitude is greater than the threshold value, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is abnormal; if the vibration frequency and / or vibration amplitude is less than or equal to the threshold value, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is normal.

[0026] According to a vibration data monitoring method for reinforcement steel rings for subway tunnels provided by the present invention, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is abnormal, and then also includes: determining the data points corresponding to the abnormal monitoring results, associating and marking the data points and the sensors corresponding to the data points, and then issuing an early warning.

[0027] The present invention takes into account that there will be great safety hazards when the reinforced steel ring produces abnormalities. Therefore, by issuing an early warning to the outside to promptly remind the staff to deal with it, the safety hazards in the operation of the subway can be effectively reduced.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring system for a subway tunnel, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0029] A reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring system for a subway tunnel comprises: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the above-mentioned reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring method for a subway tunnel is implemented.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the above-mentioned method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels is generated into a computer program and stored in a memory to be loaded and executed by a processor, so that a terminal device is made based on the memory and the processor for easy use.

[0031] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0032] Based on the above technical scheme, when determining the monitoring results of the reinforced steel ring, the present invention processes the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring through the VMD algorithm, which can effectively reduce the interference of noise data on the monitoring results and accurately obtain the monitoring results; in addition, the present invention also takes into account that the fixed bandwidth parameters in the VMD algorithm cannot present a good denoising effect on all vibration data. Based on this, the present invention obtains the noise performance degree of the data points in the vibration data sequence, and can accurately obtain the bandwidth parameters of the vibration data sequence, so that the vibration data monitoring results of the reinforced steel ring can be accurately obtained based on the bandwidth parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the obtained monitoring results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] By reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-restrictive manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring vibration data of a reinforcement steel ring for a subway tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a reinforcement steel ring and a sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be understood that when the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in the claims, descriptions, and drawings of the present invention, they are only used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. The terms "include" and "comprise" used in the description and claims of the present invention indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their collections.

[0038] It should be noted that if the reinforcement steel rings in the subway tunnel fail, the cracks in the tunnel will become more serious, and groundwater will flow into the tunnel, posing a major safety hazard. By monitoring the vibration data of the reinforcement steel rings, the staff can obtain the status of the reinforcement steel rings in a timely manner, thereby effectively reducing safety hazards. However, when collecting the vibration data of the reinforcement steel rings, it will be interfered by the noise data. The noise data and normal data are mixed together, affecting the accuracy of the reinforcement steel ring monitoring results.

[0039] Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for monitoring vibration data of a reinforcement steel ring for a subway tunnel, see Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring vibration data of a reinforcement steel ring for a subway tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps S1 to S5:

[0040] S1: Acquire multiple data points in the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring and obtain the data value corresponding to each data point.

[0041] It should be noted that when collecting vibration data of reinforced steel rings, it will be interfered by noise data, affecting the accuracy of the monitoring results of reinforced steel rings. Based on this, the vibration data can be denoised by the variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm to obtain the monitoring results of reinforced steel rings; in addition, considering that in the VMD algorithm, the selection of bandwidth parameters plays an important role in the denoising effect, for example: a smaller bandwidth parameter will produce a higher resolution modal component, which may lead to over-decomposition, that is, decomposing too many modal components that may not be real; on the contrary, a larger bandwidth parameter will produce a coarser modal component, resulting in the loss of certain data features and reducing the denoising effect.

[0042] Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the bandwidth parameters by analyzing the change characteristics of the vibration data of the reinforced steel ring, thereby obtaining the optimal decomposition result, and realizes accurate denoising based on the decomposition result.

[0043] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, multiple data points in a vibration data sequence of a reinforced steel ring are obtained, including: obtaining vibration data of the reinforced steel ring in each dimension through sensor collection, preprocessing the vibration data, and obtaining a vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring in each dimension.

[0044] The dimensions may include an X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis.

[0045] For example, the sensor may be an accelerometer, a vibration sensor, etc., which may be specifically configured according to actual needs; wherein the accelerometer may detect the acceleration change caused by vibration, and the vibration data collected by the accelerometer is the acceleration in three dimensions: the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis. When the accelerometer acquires vibration data in three dimensions: the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis, the acceleration data on each axis may be independently subjected to spectrum analysis to acquire the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude on that axis.

[0046] Specifically, the reinforcement rings should be installed horizontally to avoid unnecessary stress on the tunnel structure or affecting the normal operation of the tunnel; the reinforcement rings should be installed on the track at equal distances according to the design requirements and the needs of structural mechanics to ensure that the structure can withstand uniform pressure and mechanical loads when facing the underground environment and subway operation. Sensors should be placed on each reinforcement ring, see Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a reinforcement steel ring and a sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Indicates sensor. Combined Figure 2 It can be seen that the horizontal line of the reinforcement steel ring is parallel or nearly parallel to the rail surface line. By placing sensors on the upper side, left side and right side of the reinforcement steel ring and setting the collection frequency according to actual needs, the monitoring blind area can be reduced, ensuring that any abnormal vibration of the tunnel structure can be captured in time. When abnormal vibration is found, the data from sensors at different positions can be combined to more accurately locate the vibration source, providing guidance for subsequent maintenance and reinforcement work.

[0047] It is understandable that, since the acquisition frequency of the same sensor is the same, the number of data points in the vibration data sequence in the three dimensions is the same, that is, at the same sampling time, the data points in the vibration data sequence in the three dimensions of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis correspond one to another. In order to facilitate subsequent data processing, the acquisition frequency of each sensor can be the same. The data value corresponding to the data point finally obtained is the data value collected by the sensor, such as the acceleration value collected by the accelerometer.

[0048] Based on the above steps, the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring is obtained. After data preparation, the vibration data sequence can be processed based on the following steps.

[0049] S2: Take any data point as the target data point, determine the fitting value of each data point in the preset local range of the target data point, obtain the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of each data point, and determine the noise performance degree of the target data point.

[0050] It should be noted that the environment in the subway tunnel is complex and the vibration data is affected differently by noise at different times. The VMD algorithm uses a fixed bandwidth parameter for decomposition, resulting in different denoising effects for different vibration data. The bandwidth parameter is strongly correlated with the noise performance level of the vibration data. If the noise performance level of the vibration data is high, a larger bandwidth parameter is required to reduce the algorithm's sensitivity to noise; if the noise performance level of the vibration data is low, a smaller bandwidth parameter is required to facilitate a more detailed decomposition of the vibration data. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the noise performance level of the data point by analyzing the data change characteristics in a preset local range, thereby accurately obtaining the bandwidth parameter.

[0051] For example, when determining the noise performance degree of the target data point, the regularity of the target data point can be determined first, and the regularity of the target data point is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of each data point in a preset local range of the target data point; the noise index of the target data point is calculated, and the noise performance degree of the target data point is determined, and the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the noise index.

[0052] Among them, the preset local range can be 21, and the value of the preset local range is the number of data points contained in the preset local range, which can be set according to actual needs. When obtaining the preset local range of the target data point, the target data point can be taken as the center, and data points can be obtained equally on both sides of the target data point. The target data point and the data points on both sides together constitute the preset local range of the target data point. If the number of data points on one side is insufficient during the acquisition process, they will be discarded accordingly. In this way, the preset local range obtained comprehensively considers the changes in vibration data before and after the target data point, and the regularity of the data points can be accurately obtained.

[0053] When sensors collect data in subway tunnels, noise may occur, causing the originally regular vibration data to be changed. Based on this, the regularity of the change of vibration data within the local range of the data point can be used to obtain the noise performance degree of the data point. The worse the regularity, the higher the noise performance degree.

[0054] Specifically, when determining the regularity of the target data point, the least squares method can be used in the preset local range of the target data point, with the collection time corresponding to the data point as the horizontal coordinate and the data value corresponding to the data point as the vertical coordinate to perform curve fitting to obtain the fitting value corresponding to each data point. The absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of the data point is the fitting error of the data point. The more regular the data change, the better the curve fitting effect and the lower the fitting error. By obtaining the mean of the fitting errors of all data points in the preset local range, the regularity of the target data point can be reflected. The larger the fitting error, the worse the regularity of the data point. To determine the regularity of the target data point, please refer to the following relationship:

[0055] ;

[0056] In the formula, represents the regularity of the target data points, Indicates the number of data points in the preset local range of the target data point. represents the fitted value of the jth data point in the preset local range, represents the data value of the jth data point in the preset local range, represents the exponential function with base e, Represents the absolute value symbol.

[0057] In addition, for the same sensor, if it is interfered by noise, the data values ​​of the sensor in three dimensions will be interfered by noise, and the regularity of the target data points in a single dimension is accidental. Based on this, after the embodiment of the present invention obtains the regularity of the data points based on the above method, the consistency of the data points in three dimensions being interfered by noise can be used as the credibility of the regularity of the data points, thereby obtaining the noise index of the data points. The consistency of the data points in three dimensions being interfered by noise can be reflected by the variance of the regularity of the data points in three dimensions. The smaller the variance of the regularity, the better the consistency of the data points being interfered by noise. To calculate the noise index of the target data point, please refer to the following relationship for details:

[0058] ;

[0059] In the formula, represents the noise index of the target data point, represents the regularity of the target data points, , Respectively represent the regularity of the data points corresponding to the target data point in the other two dimensions, represents the preset hyperparameters, represents the variance function, Represents an exponential function with base e.

[0060] In the above formula, the preset hyperparameters It can be 0.01, which can be set according to actual needs; The variance represents the regularity of the data set composed of the target data point and the corresponding data points in the other two dimensions. It can be understood that if the target data point is on the X-axis, then the corresponding data points in the other two dimensions are the data points on the Y-axis and Z-axis at the same sampling time as the target data point.

[0061] It should be noted that when an abnormality occurs in the reinforcement steel ring of the subway tunnel, it may also cause the vibration data to change irregularly in a local range. However, when an abnormality occurs in the reinforcement steel ring itself, the data collected by multiple sensors on a steel ring will be affected, not just the regularity of the data of one sensor. Based on this, in order to avoid mistaking the data values ​​corresponding to such abnormalities as noise data, the noise index can be corrected according to the rules between different sensors, so as to accurately obtain the noise performance of the data point.

[0062] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, when determining the noise performance degree of a target data point, other data points corresponding to the target data point can be obtained in the vibration data sequence in each dimension collected by all sensors on the reinforced steel ring, and the product of the variance of the regularity of the target data point and the other data points and the noise index is used as the noise performance degree of the target data point; wherein the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of each data point.

[0063] It can be understood that there are 3 sensors arranged on the reinforcement steel ring, and each sensor has a vibration data sequence in three dimensions. Therefore, at the same sampling time, there are 9 data points corresponding to all sensors, and the variance of the regularity of the 9 data points is used as the consistency of the regularity between the sensors. The smaller the variance, the higher the consistency, the higher the possibility that the target data point is abnormal data, the lower the possibility that it is noise data, and the lower the noise performance of the corresponding target data point, that is, the variance is positively correlated with the noise performance of the target data point.

[0064] Based on the above steps, the noise performance degree of the data points in the vibration data sequence of each dimension of each sensor can be obtained. Through the noise performance degree of the data points in the vibration data sequence, the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence can be accurately obtained.

[0065] S3: Obtain the mean value of the noise performance of all data points in the vibration data sequence, and determine the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence.

[0066] It should be noted that after obtaining the noise performance degree of all data points in the vibration data sequence, the noise performance degree of the vibration data sequence can be reflected by the mean of the noise performance degree of all data points, thereby obtaining the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence based on the noise performance degree of the vibration data sequence, and the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence is positively correlated with the mean of the noise performance degree.

[0067] For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence is determined, and the specific relationship can be referred to as follows:

[0068] ;

[0069] In the formula, represents the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence, represents the reference bandwidth parameter, represents the number of data points in the vibration data sequence, Indicates the first The noise level of each data point is represents the exponential function with base e, Indicates the floor symbol.

[0070] In the above formula, It represents the mean value of the noise performance of all data points in the vibration data sequence. The larger the value is, the higher the overall noise performance in the vibration data sequence is. In order to obtain accurate decomposition results, it is necessary to increase the bandwidth parameter.

[0071] The base bandwidth parameter may be 800, which may be set according to actual needs.

[0072] At this point, based on the above steps, the bandwidth parameters of each vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring can be obtained, so that accurate denoising can be achieved based on the bandwidth parameters of the vibration data sequence.

[0073] S4: Using bandwidth parameters in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence, and using spectrum analysis to process the denoised vibration data sequence to obtain the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the vibration data sequence.

[0074] It should be noted that using the bandwidth parameters obtained based on the above steps to denoise the vibration data sequence in the VMD algorithm can ensure that the VMD algorithm focuses more on the noise component during the decomposition process, thereby more effectively separating it from the original signal; at the same time, due to the accuracy of the bandwidth parameters, the denoised vibration data sequence can better retain the effective information in the original data and reduce signal distortion; in addition, by accurately setting the bandwidth parameters, the VMD algorithm can converge to the optimal solution more quickly, thereby reducing the number of iterations and calculation time, and effectively improving the efficiency of data processing.

[0075] By way of example, in an embodiment of the present invention, when a bandwidth parameter is used in a VMD algorithm to denoise a vibration data sequence, the method includes: determining the number of decomposition levels of the VMD algorithm using the kurtosis principle; decomposing the vibration data sequence into a plurality of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) based on the number of decomposition levels and the bandwidth parameter, removing the IMF components containing noise data, and reconstructing the remaining IMF components to obtain a denoised vibration data sequence.

[0076] Among them, when the kurtosis principle is used to determine the number of decomposition layers of the VMD algorithm, the kurtosis value can be calculated for each IMF component. The larger the kurtosis value, the more outliers there are in the IMF component, and the trend of the kurtosis value changing with the number of decomposition layers is observed. Usually, as the number of decomposition layers increases, the kurtosis value will first increase and then decrease. According to the trend of the kurtosis value, the number of decomposition layers when the kurtosis value reaches the maximum or close to the maximum is selected as the optimal decomposition layer. At this time, the decomposed IMF components can better reflect the main features of the signal, while avoiding the false components caused by over-decomposition.

[0077] It should be further explained that the specific steps of determining the number of decomposition layers of the VMD algorithm using the kurtosis principle are prior art, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail here. Using bandwidth parameters and decomposition layers in the VMD algorithm to obtain a denoised vibration data sequence is prior art, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail here. The denoised vibration data sequence is processed using spectrum analysis to obtain the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude, which can be obtained using fast Fourier transform in Python, and the specific details are not described in detail.

[0078] In this way, by denoising the vibration data sequence with precise bandwidth parameters, the interference of noise on the monitoring results can be effectively avoided, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the monitoring results obtained based on this.

[0079] After the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the denoised vibration data sequence are obtained based on the above steps, the monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring can be obtained based on the threshold comparison result of the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude.

[0080] S5: Based on the comparison results of the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude with the threshold value, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is obtained.

[0081] It should be noted that the vibration frequency reflects the characteristics of the vibration system itself, and the vibration amplitude reflects the intensity of the vibration. The vibration data monitoring results of the reinforced steel ring are obtained based on the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the denoised vibration data sequence. The state of the reinforced steel ring can be accurately obtained, avoiding the interference of noise on the monitoring results, and effectively improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0082] By way of example, in an embodiment of the present invention, based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude with the threshold, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is obtained, including: a preset threshold; if the vibration frequency and / or the vibration amplitude is greater than the threshold, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is abnormal; if the vibration frequency and / or the vibration amplitude is less than or equal to the threshold, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is normal.

[0083] The threshold of vibration frequency can be 3 Hz, and the threshold of vibration amplitude can be The thresholds of vibration frequency and vibration amplitude can be set according to actual needs.

[0084] It should be further explained that, considering the importance of subway tunnel safety, if any of the vibration frequency or vibration amplitude exceeds the threshold, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring can be considered abnormal. If any of the vibration data sequences in the three dimensions of the sensor is abnormal, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring can be considered abnormal. If any of the three sensors is abnormal, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring can be considered abnormal.

[0085] After obtaining the vibration data monitoring results of the reinforced steel ring based on the above method, an early warning can be issued in time to remind the staff to deal with it.

[0086] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is abnormal, and then it also includes: determining the data point corresponding to the abnormal monitoring result, associating and marking the data point and the sensor corresponding to the data point, and then issuing an early warning.

[0087] For example, after obtaining the vibration data monitoring results of the reinforcement steel ring, a test report can be regularly produced to summarize and analyze the monitoring data to determine whether the reinforcement steel ring needs to be repaired or otherwise processed.

[0088] In this way, safety risks can be effectively reduced through early warning.

[0089] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, when determining the monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring, multiple data points in the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring can be obtained to obtain the data value corresponding to each data point; any data point is taken as the target data point, and the fitting value of each data point is determined in the preset local range of the target data point, the absolute value of the difference between the data value of each data point and the fitting value is obtained, and the noise performance degree of the target data point is determined, and the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference; the mean of the noise performance degree of all data points in the vibration data sequence is obtained, and the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence is determined, and the bandwidth parameter is positively correlated with the mean of the noise performance degree; the bandwidth parameter is used in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence, and the denoised vibration data sequence is processed by spectrum analysis to obtain the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the vibration data sequence; based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude with the threshold value, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is obtained.

[0090] In this way, the embodiment of the present invention takes into account that the monitoring of reinforced steel rings plays an important role in the normal operation of urban rail transit. Therefore, the monitoring results of the reinforced steel rings are obtained by processing the vibration data of the reinforced steel rings. Considering that there is noise interference in the environment where the vibration data is collected, the embodiment of the present invention processes the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring through the VMD algorithm, which can effectively reduce the interference of noise data on the monitoring results and accurately obtain the monitoring results. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also takes into account that the fixed bandwidth noise in the VMD algorithm cannot present a good denoising effect on all vibration data. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the noise performance degree of the data points in the vibration data sequence in a preset local range, and can accurately obtain the bandwidth parameters of the vibration data sequence, so that the vibration data monitoring results of the reinforced steel ring can be accurately obtained based on the bandwidth parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the obtained monitoring results.

[0091] An embodiment of the present invention also discloses a reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring system for a subway tunnel, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring method for a subway tunnel according to the present invention is implemented.

[0092] The above system also includes other components well known to those skilled in the art, such as a communication bus and a communication interface, and their configuration and functions are known in the art, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0093] In the present invention, the aforementioned memory may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For example, a computer-readable storage medium may be any suitable magnetic storage medium or magneto-optical storage medium, such as a resistive random access memory RRAM, a dynamic random access memory DRAM, a static random access memory SRAM, an enhanced dynamic random access memory EDRAM, a high bandwidth memory HBM, a hybrid memory cube HMC, etc., or any other medium that can be used to store the required information and can be accessed by an application, a module, or both. Any such computer storage medium may be part of a device or accessible or connectable to a device.

[0094] Although this specification has shown and described a number of embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art will conceive of many modifications, changes and alternatives without departing from the ideas and spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that in the practice of the present invention, various alternatives to the embodiments of the present invention described herein may be employed.

[0095] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels, characterized in that: include: Acquire multiple data points in the vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring, and obtain data values ​​corresponding to each data point; Taking any data point as a target data point, determining the fitting value of each data point in a preset local range of the target data point, obtaining the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitting value of each data point, and determining the noise performance degree of the target data point, wherein the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the absolute value of the difference; The mean value of the noise performance of all data points in the vibration data sequence is obtained, and the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence is determined to satisfy the relationship: ; In the formula, represents the bandwidth parameter of the vibration data sequence, represents the reference bandwidth parameter, represents the number of data points in the vibration data sequence, Indicates the first The noise level of each data point is represents the exponential function with base e, represents a rounding down symbol; the bandwidth parameter is positively correlated with the mean value of the noise performance degree; The bandwidth parameter is used in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence, and the denoised vibration data sequence is processed using spectrum analysis to obtain the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the vibration data sequence; based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude with the threshold, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforced steel ring is obtained.

2. A method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a plurality of data points in a vibration data sequence of the reinforced steel ring comprises: The vibration data of the reinforcement steel ring in each dimension is collected by the sensor, and the vibration data is preprocessed to obtain the vibration data sequence of the reinforcement steel ring in each dimension.

3. The method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the noise performance degree of the target data point includes: Determining the regularity of the target data point, wherein the regularity is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the data value and the fitted value of each data point in a preset local range of the target data point; Calculate the noise index of the target data point: ; In the formula, represents the noise index of the target data point, represents the regularity of the target data points, , Respectively represent the regularity of the data points corresponding to the target data point in the other two dimensions, represents the preset hyperparameters, represents the variance function, represents an exponential function with e as the base; wherein the dimensions include an X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis; A noise performance degree of the target data point is determined, wherein the noise performance degree is positively correlated with the noise index.

4. The method for monitoring vibration data of reinforcement steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The regularity of the target data points satisfies the relationship: ； In the formula, represents the regularity of the target data points, Indicates the number of data points in the preset local range of the target data point. represents the fitted value of the jth data point in the preset local range, represents the data value of the jth data point in the preset local range, represents the exponential function with base e, Represents the absolute value symbol.

5. The method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the noise performance degree of the target data point includes: In the vibration data sequence of each dimension collected by all sensors on the reinforced steel ring, other data points corresponding to the target data point are obtained, and the product of the variance of the regularity of the target data point and the other data points and the noise index is taken as the noise performance degree of the target data point.

6. The method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using bandwidth parameters in the VMD algorithm to denoise the vibration data sequence includes: The kurtosis principle is used to determine the number of decomposition layers of the VMD algorithm; based on the number of decomposition layers and the bandwidth parameter, the vibration data sequence is decomposed into multiple IMF components, the IMF components containing noise data are removed, and the remaining IMF components are reconstructed to obtain a denoised vibration data sequence.

7. The method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is obtained based on the comparison result of the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude with the threshold value, including: Preset threshold value; If the vibration frequency and / or vibration amplitude is greater than a threshold value, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is abnormal; If the vibration frequency and / or vibration amplitude is less than or equal to a threshold value, the vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is normal.

8. The method for monitoring vibration data of reinforced steel rings for subway tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration data monitoring result of the reinforcement steel ring is abnormal, and then further includes: The data points corresponding to the abnormal monitoring results are determined, the data points and the sensors corresponding to the data points are associated and marked, and then an early warning is issued.

9. A reinforcement steel ring vibration data monitoring system for subway tunnels, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a method for monitoring vibration data of a reinforced steel ring for a subway tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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