A method for collecting and transmitting electric power data based on 5G wireless communication technology

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for collecting and transmitting electric power data based on 5G wireless communication technology, which relates to the technical field of electric power system monitoring. The method comprises: acquiring analog signals of the collection environment and equipment status; converting the analog signals into digital signals to obtain digital signals; performing time domain and frequency domain analysis on the digital signals to obtain analyzed data; filtering the analyzed data to obtain processed data; and dividing the channel into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels according to the processed data, and obtaining the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel to form a channel matrix. The present invention is used for real-time collection of time domain and frequency domain information of the ambient temperature and humidity and the opening and closing current and vibration of high-voltage circuit breakers in the power system. Through 5G network communication technology, the collected information is sent to a receiving terminal to realize unmanned and real-time monitoring of electric power equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power system monitoring technology, and in particular to a power data acquisition and transmission method based on 5G wireless communication technology. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, power data collection and transmission methods based on wireless communication have gradually been applied. However, although traditional wireless communication technologies, such as 3G and 4G, have improved the flexibility of data collection and transmission to a certain extent, when facing the needs of large-scale and high-speed power data transmission, some still have problems such as slow transmission rate, high latency, and poor stability. Especially in data processing, traditional technical solutions still have some defects.

[0003] For example, in the process of converting analog signals to digital signals, some traditional methods are limited by sampling rate and quantization accuracy, which can easily affect the accuracy and integrity of data conversion. Secondly, in the analysis and processing of digital signals, some traditional methods also lack efficient time domain and frequency domain analysis tools, making it difficult to fully extract useful information from the signal, thus affecting the accuracy of subsequent data processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power data collection and transmission method based on 5G wireless communication technology, which is used to collect the time domain and frequency domain information of the ambient temperature and humidity and the opening and closing current and vibration of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the power system in real time. Through 5G network communication technology, the collected information is sent to the receiving terminal to realize unmanned and real-time monitoring of power equipment.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for collecting and transmitting electric power data based on 5G wireless communication technology is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Get analog signals of the acquisition environment and device status;

[0008] Converting analog signals into digital signals to obtain digital signals;

[0009] By performing time domain and frequency domain analysis on digital signals, the analyzed data can be obtained;

[0010] Performing filtering on the analyzed data to obtain processed data;

[0011] According to the processed data, the channel is divided into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels, and the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel is obtained to form a channel matrix;

[0012] By dividing the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and according to the characteristics of each frequency band, different data encoding is performed on the processed data to obtain encoded data;

[0013] Setting the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, mapping the encoded data to multiple antennas, and transmitting according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams;

[0014] According to multiple data streams, transmission is carried out through 5G wireless communication to achieve multi-channel transmission of data.

[0015] Further, converting the analog signal into a digital signal to obtain a digital signal includes:

[0016] Sampling an analog signal to obtain a series of discrete analog values;

[0017] According to the discrete analog value, the analog voltage value at the sampling moment is ensured to remain unchanged through the sample-and-hold amplifier to obtain a continuous analog signal value;

[0018] Mapping continuous analog signal values ​​to a finite number of discrete values ​​to obtain quantized discrete values;

[0019] The quantized discrete values ​​are converted into binary codes to obtain digital signals.

[0020] Furthermore, by performing time domain and frequency domain analysis on the digital signal, the analyzed data is obtained, including:

[0021] Calculate the mean, variance and peak value of the digital signal, and use the mean, variance and peak value of the digital signal to Calculate the peak factor to extract the time domain features of the digital signal. The time domain signal includes mean, variance, peak and peak factor, where: is the number of samples of the signal, It is i Sample values, is the maximum instantaneous value in the signal, is the peak factor;

[0022] According to the processed time domain signal, the sampling rate and the number of sampling points are obtained;

[0023] According to the acquisition sampling rate and number of sampling points;

[0024] pass Convert the time domain signal to the frequency domain to obtain the spectrum of the signal, where is a discrete time index, representing the position of each sampling point in the time domain signal, ranging from 0 to , is the sampling rate, which indicates the number of samples per second; N is the number of sampling points, indicating the number of samples processed by FFT. is the original time domain signal, is an imaginary number;

[0025] According to the signal spectrum, The amplitude spectrum is calculated by The phase spectrum is calculated, where It is the intensity of each frequency component, indicating the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain; is the phase information of each frequency component, indicating the time characteristics of the signal. is the real part of the complex spectrum, representing the cosine component of the signal in frequency; The imaginary part of the complex spectrum represents the sinusoidal component of the signal in frequency;

[0026] According to the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the frequency spectrum, the key frequency components and characteristics of the signal are determined to obtain the analyzed data.

[0027] Further, the analyzed data is filtered to obtain processed data, including:

[0028] The analyzed data are passed through Perform filtering to obtain processed data, where: is the time domain signal after being processed by the filter. It is the intensity of each frequency component, indicating the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain; It is the phase information of each frequency component, indicating the time characteristics of the signal; are the coefficients of the filter, is the total number of frequency sample points, It represents the position of the output signal in the time domain. is the index of the filter coefficient, ranging from 0 to ; Indicates tracing back from the current sample samples, It is the base of natural logarithm, and its value is 2.71828; It represents the imaginary unit, which is equal to -1; is the frequency, It is the effect of frequency components in the time domain; is the filter coefficient at frequency The weighted effect.

[0029] Further, according to the processed data, the channel is divided into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels, and the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel is obtained to form a channel matrix, including:

[0030] Based on the processed data;

[0031] pass The entire channel is divided into multiple orthogonal sub-channels, where is the amplitude and phase in the frequency domain, representing the frequency content of the signal; The amplitude of the frequency domain signal, indicating the k The intensity of the frequency components, It is k The phase of the frequency components, is the index, is the number of sampling points of the signal, j is an imaginary unit, t It's time. T is the signal period; is the initial phase, indicating that = Phase value when 0; is the phase offset, which indicates the magnitude of the phase change; is the frequency of the phase modulated signal; is the base amplitude of the signal, is the frequency of the modulating signal; is the base amplitude of the signal; is the base of natural logarithms; represents the change of the phase of the signal over time. is the output signal in the time domain;

[0032] Carrier modulation is performed on each orthogonal subchannel, and the processed data is modulated onto the carrier of each subchannel for data transmission to obtain channel state information of each orthogonal subchannel;

[0033] A channel matrix is ​​constructed according to the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel, wherein each element of the channel matrix represents the channel response of the corresponding orthogonal sub-channel.

[0034] Furthermore, by dividing the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and according to the characteristics of each frequency band, the processed data is encoded differently to obtain the encoded data, including:

[0035] The total frequency band of the transmission channel is divided into several frequency bands, each of which has a corresponding frequency range, and through the frequency band allocation and synchronization mechanism, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band;

[0036] According to the characteristics of each frequency band, the processed data is converted into a signal form transmitted on the corresponding frequency band by frequency modulation, phase modulation or amplitude modulation to obtain encoded data.

[0037] Further, the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas is set, the encoded data is mapped to multiple antennas, and transmitted according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams, including:

[0038] Set up the array layout of the transmit and receive antennas;

[0039] According to the antenna array layout, the encoded data is divided into multiple sub-streams, and the divided sub-stream data is mapped to the corresponding transmitting antennas;

[0040] According to the mapping of sub-stream data and channel matrix, Perform data processing to obtain multiple data streams, among which, is the received signal vector, is the transmitted signal vector, is the noise vector, is the channel matrix, expressed as:

[0041] ;

[0042] in, Representative Send subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative Send subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative Send subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative Send subchannel to the The channel response of the receiving subchannel.

[0043] In the second aspect, a power data acquisition and transmission system based on 5G wireless communication technology includes:

[0044] The data acquisition module is used to acquire analog signals of the acquisition environment and device status; convert the analog signals into digital signals to obtain digital signals;

[0045] The FPGA processing module is used to perform time domain and frequency domain analysis on the digital signal to obtain analyzed data; filter the analyzed data to obtain processed data; divide the channel into multiple orthogonal sub-channels according to the processed data, and obtain channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel to form a channel matrix; divide the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and perform different data encoding on the processed data according to the characteristics of each frequency band to obtain encoded data; set the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, map the encoded data to multiple antennas, and transmit according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams;

[0046] The 5G module is used for transmitting through 5G wireless communication according to multiple data streams to achieve multi-channel transmission of data.

[0047] According to a third aspect, a computing device includes:

[0048] one or more processors;

[0049] The storage device is used to store one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method described.

[0050] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores a program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the method described is implemented.

[0051] The above solution of the present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects:

[0052] Through the multiple-input multiple-output technology, the data transmission rate and reliability are improved, and through the orthogonal frequency division multiple access technology, the spectrum utilization is improved to achieve simultaneous access by multiple users; by dividing the channel into multiple different frequency bands, each transmitter and receiver corresponds to the same channel frequency band, under which multiple transmitters can be connected to the same receiver or the same transmitter and multiple receivers can be connected to each other, and the paired transmitter and receiver have the same set of keys. In this communication mode, multiple devices can transmit data at the same time without crosstalk and garbled characters, greatly improving the transmission efficiency and real-time monitoring, while ensuring the security of data, preventing data from being intercepted and cracked, and reducing the risk of leakage. It can collect the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment in the power system and the time domain and frequency domain information of the opening and closing current and vibration of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time, and send it to the PC through the 5G module for real-time display. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for collecting and transmitting electric power data based on 5G wireless communication technology provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a power data acquisition and transmission system based on 5G wireless communication technology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in a form and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for collecting and transmitting power data based on 5G wireless communication technology, and the method includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 11, obtaining analog signals of the acquisition environment and device status;

[0058] Step 12, converting the analog signal into a digital signal to obtain a digital signal;

[0059] Step 13, performing time domain and frequency domain analysis on the digital signal to obtain analyzed data;

[0060] Step 14, filtering the analyzed data to obtain processed data;

[0061] Step 15, dividing the channel into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels according to the processed data, and obtaining channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel to form a channel matrix;

[0062] Step 16, by dividing the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and according to the characteristics of each frequency band, performing different data encoding on the processed data to obtain encoded data;

[0063] Step 17, setting the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, mapping the encoded data to multiple antennas, and transmitting according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams;

[0064] Step 18: Transmit data via 5G wireless communication based on multiple data streams to achieve multi-channel transmission of data.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, by digitizing the analog signal, noise and interference can be reduced, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the signal. Time domain and frequency domain analysis provide an in-depth understanding of signal characteristics, which helps to identify and solve potential problems. Filtering can further remove unnecessary components in the digital signal, such as high-frequency noise or interference in a specific frequency band. By dividing the channel into multiple orthogonal sub-channels, available frequency band resources can be used more efficiently. Different data encoding is performed according to the characteristics of each frequency band, and the transmission efficiency of the data can be optimized. By optimizing the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, the directivity and coverage of the signal can be enhanced. Using 5G wireless communication technology for multi-channel transmission can significantly improve the rate and throughput of data transmission.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 11 includes:

[0067] The temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature and humidity information, the current sensor is used to collect the opening and closing current signal of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the vibration sensor is used to collect the vibration signal of the circuit breaker to obtain an analog signal;

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and humidity sensor can monitor the temperature and humidity changes of the environment in real time, and the current sensor can capture the current signal when the high-voltage circuit breaker is opened and closed. By analyzing these signals, the working status of the circuit breaker can be understood, abnormal current patterns can be detected, and potential faults can be predicted, which helps to carry out maintenance in a timely manner and avoid equipment damage or safety accidents. The vibration sensor can detect the vibration of the circuit breaker. Analysis of vibration signals can provide information about the mechanical state of the equipment, such as loose parts and wear. Temperature and humidity data can be used to evaluate the energy efficiency performance of the equipment. For example, at too high or too low temperatures, the operating efficiency of the equipment may be affected. By adjusting environmental conditions, the operating efficiency of the equipment can be optimized and energy consumption can be reduced.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 12 includes:

[0070] Sampling an analog signal to obtain a series of discrete analog values;

[0071] According to the discrete analog value, the analog voltage value at the sampling moment is ensured to remain unchanged through the sample-and-hold amplifier to obtain a continuous analog signal value;

[0072] Mapping continuous analog signal values ​​to a finite number of discrete values ​​to obtain quantized discrete values;

[0073] The quantized discrete values ​​are converted into binary codes to obtain digital signals.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present invention, the sampling process converts the continuously changing analog signal into a series of discrete analog values, and the sample-and-hold amplifier ensures that the analog voltage value remains unchanged at the moment of sampling, thereby eliminating the measurement error caused by signal fluctuations and improving the stability and reliability of the signal. The quantization process maps the continuous analog signal value to a limited number of discrete values, significantly reducing the amount of data required to represent the signal, reducing the bandwidth required for signal transmission, and saving storage space. After conversion to binary code, the digital signal is easier to process, transmit and store in the computer system, greatly improving the signal processing efficiency. Compared with analog signals, digital signals have stronger anti-interference ability during transmission. Because digital signals have only two states (high level or low level), even if they are interfered to a certain extent, the original signal can be restored by appropriate threshold judgment. In the quantization process, the quality and resolution of the signal can be balanced by selecting an appropriate number of quantization bits. Appropriate quantization can reduce noise and distortion, thereby improving the overall quality of the signal. Digital signals can easily use computers to perform various complex mathematical operations and signal processing operations, such as filtering, transformation, and encoding, which provides great flexibility for further analysis and processing of signals.

[0075] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the discrete analog value obtained by sampling is input into the sampling and holding amplifier. After the sampling switch is disconnected, the sampling and holding amplifier will hold the analog voltage value at the moment of sampling, and the voltage value output by the sampling and holding amplifier will be passed to the next quantization process as a continuous analog signal value. According to the required signal accuracy and dynamic range, a suitable quantization level is selected. The quantization level determines the number and resolution of discrete values. The reference voltage and threshold of the quantizer are set, and the continuous analog signal value is compared with the threshold of the quantizer, and mapped to the closest discrete value. According to the selected encoding method, the encoder is configured to convert the quantized discrete values ​​into corresponding binary codes. The encoder converts each quantized discrete value into a corresponding binary code to obtain a digital signal.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 13 includes:

[0077] Calculate the mean, variance and peak value of the digital signal, and use the mean, variance and peak value of the digital signal to Calculate the peak factor to extract the time domain features of the digital signal. The time domain signal includes mean, variance, peak and peak factor, where: is the number of samples of the signal, It is i Sample values, is the maximum instantaneous value in the signal, is the peak factor;

[0078] According to the processed time domain signal, the sampling rate and the number of sampling points are obtained;

[0079] According to the acquisition sampling rate and number of sampling points;

[0080] pass Convert the time domain signal to the frequency domain to obtain the spectrum of the signal, where is a discrete time index, representing the position of each sampling point in the time domain signal, ranging from 0 to , is the sampling rate, which indicates the number of samples per second; N is the number of sampling points, indicating the number of samples processed by FFT. is the original time domain signal, is an imaginary number;

[0081] According to the signal spectrum, The amplitude spectrum is calculated by The phase spectrum is calculated, where It is the intensity of each frequency component, indicating the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain; is the phase information of each frequency component, indicating the time characteristics of the signal. is the real part of the complex spectrum, representing the cosine component of the signal in frequency; The imaginary part of the complex spectrum represents the sinusoidal component of the signal in frequency;

[0082] According to the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the frequency spectrum, the key frequency components and characteristics of the signal are determined to obtain the analyzed data.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, statistics such as mean, variance and peak value can concisely describe the overall characteristics and changing trends of the signal. By calculating key features such as peak factor, different signal types can be more effectively identified and classified. After the time domain signal is converted into a frequency domain signal, the distribution characteristics of the signal in frequency can be revealed. Spectral analysis helps to identify and separate noise and interference components in the signal. Through the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum, it is possible to accurately determine which frequency components are useful signals and which are noise or interference. After understanding the main frequency components of the signal, targeted signal compression and optimization can be performed.

[0084] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, all samples of the digital signal are traversed to calculate the mean, variance and peak value of the signal. The peak factor is calculated by a formula based on the mean, variance and peak value. Since the time domain characteristics of the digital signal include the mean, variance, peak value and peak factor, the processed time domain signal can be obtained by multiplying each sample value in the time domain signal by the peak factor based on the mean, variance, peak value and peak factor. The sampling rate, that is, the number of samples per second, is obtained from the signal acquisition device or data source, and the number of sampling points for fast Fourier transform is determined based on the length of the processed time domain signal. The processed time domain signal is executed FFT algorithm, converting it into a frequency domain signal, where FFT The output is a series of complex numbers, where the real part represents the amplitude of the cosine component and the imaginary part represents the amplitude of the sine component; the amplitude of each frequency point is calculated by the modulus of the complex number, and the phase of each frequency point is calculated by the argument of the complex number to form a spectrum. The amplitude information is extracted from the spectrum to form an amplitude spectrum, which shows the intensity of each frequency component in the signal, that is, the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain. The phase information is extracted from the spectrum to form a phase spectrum. The phase spectrum shows the phase relationship of each frequency component in the signal, that is, the time characteristics of the signal. Find the peaks in the amplitude spectrum, and the frequencies corresponding to these peaks are the main frequency components in the signal.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 14 includes:

[0086] The analyzed data are passed through Perform filtering to obtain processed data, where: is the time domain signal after being processed by the filter. It is the intensity of each frequency component, indicating the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain; It is the phase information of each frequency component, indicating the time characteristics of the signal; are the coefficients of the filter, is the total number of frequency sample points, It represents the position of the output signal in the time domain. is the index of the filter coefficient, ranging from 0 to ; Indicates tracing back from the current sample samples, It is the base of natural logarithm, and its value is 2.71828; It represents the imaginary unit, which is equal to -1; is the frequency, It is the effect of frequency components in the time domain; is the filter coefficient at frequency The weighted effect.

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, The frequency is The effect of a sine wave (or cosine wave) is expressed in the time domain. Specifically, as the time sample The expression generates a periodic waveform with the change of Each value of corresponds to a frequency A complex value can be decomposed into a real part and an imaginary part. The real part corresponds to the cosine function and the imaginary part corresponds to the sine function. describes a periodic complex wave with frequency , combined with each coefficient of the filter, represents how the frequency The input signal is weighted and modified. and It is a mathematical description of the time and frequency domain characteristics of the signal, ensuring that the signal can be correctly filtered and processed at the required frequency. Through the combination of these complex exponential functions, the frequency components of the signal can be effectively captured and manipulated. Filtering can effectively suppress the noise components in the signal. Through the filter type and parameters, unnecessary frequency components can be removed or reduced, thereby improving the quality of the signal. Filtering helps to extract useful information from the signal, remove interference and stray signals, and make the signal purer. Through filtering, the strength of the useful signal can be enhanced while the noise level can be reduced, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Filtering can also be used as a preprocessing step for other complex signal processing algorithms. By filtering the raw data first, the performance and accuracy of the subsequent algorithm can be improved.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 15 includes:

[0089] Based on the processed data;

[0090] pass The entire channel is divided into multiple orthogonal sub-channels, where is the amplitude and phase in the frequency domain, representing the frequency content of the signal; The amplitude of the frequency domain signal, indicating the k The intensity of the frequency components, It is k The phase of the frequency components, is the index, is the number of sampling points of the signal, j is an imaginary unit, t It's time. T is the signal period; is the initial phase, indicating that = Phase value when 0; is the phase offset, which indicates the magnitude of the phase change; is the frequency of the phase modulated signal; is the base amplitude of the signal, is the frequency of the modulating signal; is the base amplitude of the signal; is the base of natural logarithms; represents the change of the phase of the signal over time. is the output signal in the time domain;

[0091] Carrier modulation is performed on each orthogonal subchannel, and the processed data is modulated onto the carrier of each subchannel for data transmission to obtain channel state information of each orthogonal subchannel;

[0092] A channel matrix is ​​constructed according to the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel, wherein each element of the channel matrix represents the channel response of the corresponding orthogonal sub-channel.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present invention, by dividing the entire channel into multiple orthogonal sub-channels, each sub-channel can transmit data independently, so that multiple data streams can be processed in parallel, thereby improving the overall utilization of the channel. Orthogonality ensures that the interference between sub-channels is minimized, so that each sub-channel can effectively transmit information. Carrier modulation is performed on each orthogonal sub-channel and data is transmitted, and the channel status of each sub-channel can be monitored in real time. Refined status monitoring helps the system to more accurately understand the channel characteristics, including attenuation, interference and noise levels, so as to optimize the data transmission strategy. According to the acquired channel status information, the transmission parameters, such as power allocation and modulation mode, are dynamically adjusted to adapt to the conditions of different sub-channels. A channel matrix is ​​constructed, in which each element represents the channel response of the corresponding orthogonal sub-channel. Through the channel matrix, advanced signal processing operations such as signal detection, equalization, interference suppression, etc. can be performed.

[0094] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the frequency band of the entire channel is evenly divided into multiple orthogonal subchannels, the bandwidth of each subchannel should meet the requirements of data transmission, and an orthogonal basis function is generated for each orthogonal subchannel. The basis function is orthogonal in the frequency domain so that the signals between the subchannels do not interfere with each other. A carrier frequency is selected for each orthogonal subchannel, and the carrier frequency should match the center frequency of the subchannel. The processed data is modulated onto the carrier of each subchannel, and the modulated signal is sent to the corresponding orthogonal subchannel for data transmission. At the receiving end, the signal on each orthogonal subchannel is received and demodulated. By analyzing the received signal, the channel response of each orthogonal subchannel is estimated. This can be achieved by sending a known training sequence or pilot signal and measuring its change at the receiving end. The channel state information of each orthogonal subchannel, such as signal-to-noise ratio and fading coefficient, is extracted from the estimated channel response. An empty matrix is ​​created, the size of which matches the number of subchannels. The channel response or channel state information of each orthogonal subchannel is filled into the corresponding position of the channel matrix. Ensure that the channel state information of all subchannels has been filled into the matrix to form a complete channel matrix.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 16 includes:

[0096] The total frequency band of the transmission channel is divided into several frequency bands, each of which has a corresponding frequency range, and through the frequency band allocation and synchronization mechanism, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band;

[0097] According to the characteristics of each frequency band, the processed data is converted into a signal form transmitted on the corresponding frequency band by frequency modulation, phase modulation or amplitude modulation to obtain encoded data.

[0098] In an embodiment of the present invention, by dividing the entire channel into multiple orthogonal sub-channels, spectrum resources can be used more effectively. Each sub-channel transmits data independently, realizing parallel use of the spectrum, thereby improving the overall spectrum efficiency. The design of orthogonal sub-channels means that the sub-channels do not interfere with each other. Even if a sub-channel is interfered with, the data transmission of other sub-channels can still remain intact. This design significantly enhances the anti-interference ability of the system. Different data encoding is performed according to the characteristics of each frequency band, so that the system can respond to different channel conditions more flexibly. The multi-channel transmission method makes it possible to expand the system capacity. By increasing the number of orthogonal sub-channels, the data transmission capacity of the system can be increased proportionally to meet the growing data demand in the future.

[0099] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the total frequency band is divided into several smaller frequency bands, each of which has a corresponding frequency range. A synchronization mechanism is established to ensure that the transmitter and the receiver are synchronized in time so that the allocated frequency band is used in the correct time period. The pairing process of the transmitter and the receiver is implemented to ensure that they correspond to the same channel frequency band. In this frequency band, data can be transmitted between multiple transmitters and the same receiver or between the same transmitter and multiple receivers. The paired transmitter and receiver have the same set of keys, and the data transmission format of the transmitter is: key + device number + encrypted data + verification code.

[0100] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the signal-to-noise ratio and other characteristics of each frequency band are evaluated. For a frequency band with a higher signal-to-noise ratio, the information data sequence to be sent is represented as a binary data stream, an interleaver is used to rearrange the input data, and the interleaved data are respectively sent to two convolutional encoders to obtain two output codes, and the original data and the convolutional coding output are combined together to form a Turbo coded output sequence.

[0101] The receiving end receives the signal transmitted through the channel, performs preliminary signal decoding, deinterleaves the decoded data, and restores the original input data. For frequency bands with low signal-to-noise ratio, a repetition encoding method is used. According to the binary data stream, for each input bit, it is repeated m The receiving end receives the repeated coded signal transmitted through the channel. m The received value is then selected using a simple voting mechanism to select the bit with the most occurrences as the decoding result. According to the selected encoding method, the processed data is converted into a signal form transmitted on a specific frequency band through frequency modulation, phase modulation or amplitude modulation. The modulated signal is sent out through the RF front end of the transmitter to ensure that the signal is transmitted within the allocated frequency band. At the receiving end, the received signal is restored to the original data through the corresponding demodulation technology.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above step 17 includes:

[0103] Set up the array layout of the transmit and receive antennas;

[0104] According to the antenna array layout, the encoded data is divided into multiple sub-streams, and the divided sub-stream data is mapped to the corresponding transmitting antennas;

[0105] According to the mapping of sub-stream data and channel matrix, Perform data processing to obtain multiple data streams, among which, is the received signal vector, is the transmitted signal vector, is the noise vector, is the channel matrix, expressed as:

[0106] ;

[0107] in, Representative Send subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative Send subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative Send subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative Send subchannel to the The channel response of the receiving subchannel.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present invention, by sending and receiving data through multiple antennas, the system can use spatial diversity to combat fading and interference in the channel. Through accurate channel matrix estimation and signal processing algorithms, MIMO The system can effectively suppress multipath interference and co-channel interference at the sending and receiving ends, improving signal purity and transmission quality. MIMO The technology combined with advanced coding and modulation schemes can more efficiently utilize limited spectrum resources and achieve higher spectrum efficiency. The configurability of antenna array layout enables the system to flexibly adjust the transmission and reception strategies according to actual needs, such as beam switching and spatial modulation. By optimizing the antenna array layout and signal processing algorithm, the energy consumption of the system can be reduced while ensuring transmission performance.

[0109] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of antennas at the transmitting and receiving ends is determined according to system requirements and channel conditions, and a suitable antenna array type is selected, such as a linear array, a planar array, or a circular array. Different types of arrays have different beamforming and spatial resolution capabilities, and the specific layout of the antennas is designed, including the spacing, angles, and relative positions between antennas. The encoded data is divided into multiple sub-streams, each of which corresponds to a transmitting antenna. By assigning independent modulation symbols or precoding matrices to each antenna, the divided sub-stream data is mapped to the corresponding transmitting antenna, and different modulation methods, power allocations, or beamforming strategies are used to optimize the mapping process. Based on the channel estimation results, a channel matrix is ​​constructed. H, the matrix describes the channel response between the transmit antenna and the receive antenna. The sub-stream data mapped to the transmit antenna is combined into a transmit signal vector. The signal vector is sent simultaneously through multiple transmit antennas, and the signal is received by multiple receive antennas at the receiving end. During the transmission process, the signal is affected by the channel matrix and superimposed with the noise vector. At the receiving end, the received signal is demodulated, decoded, and interference suppressed by using MIMO Detection technology to restore the original data stream.

[0110] like Figure 2 As shown, a power collection and transmission system based on 5G wireless communication technology includes:

[0111] The data acquisition module is used to acquire analog signals of the acquisition environment and device status; convert the analog signals into digital signals to obtain digital signals;

[0112] The FPGA processing module is used to perform time domain and frequency domain analysis on the digital signal to obtain analyzed data; filter the analyzed data to obtain processed data; divide the channel into multiple orthogonal sub-channels according to the processed data, and obtain channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel to form a channel matrix; divide the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and perform different data encoding on the processed data according to the characteristics of each frequency band to obtain encoded data; set the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, map the encoded data to multiple antennas, and transmit according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams;

[0113] The 5G module is used for transmitting through 5G wireless communication according to multiple data streams to achieve multi-channel transmission of data.

[0114] In an embodiment of the present invention, the channel is divided into multiple orthogonal sub-channels so that data can be transmitted in parallel. By dividing the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, data can be sent simultaneously in different frequency bands, further improving data throughput. By analyzing the channel state information, the channel quality can be evaluated in real time, so as to adjust the transmission strategy and select the optimal coding and modulation mode. By filtering the digital signal, noise and interference can be effectively removed, the quality of the transmitted data can be guaranteed, and the signal quality of the receiving end can be improved. By analyzing the time domain and frequency domain of the analog signal, the characteristic information of the signal can be obtained, so as to select a suitable processing method in the data processing process, and different data encoding is performed on the processed data according to the frequency band characteristics, which helps to improve the transmission efficiency and error correction capability under different channel conditions. By setting the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, the spatial diversity technology can be effectively utilized to improve the receiving sensitivity and anti-interference ability of the system. By mapping the encoded data to multiple antennas, the simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams can be realized, further increasing the reliability and speed of data transmission. By utilizing 5G technology, high-bandwidth and low-latency data transmission can be achieved, supporting higher-level applications, and realizing multi-channel transmission of data.

[0115] It should be noted that the system is a system corresponding to the above method, and all implementation methods in the above method embodiment are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0116] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device, comprising: a processor, a memory storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method described above is executed. All implementations in the above method embodiment are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0117] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method described above. All implementations in the above method embodiment are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0118] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting and transmitting electric power data based on 5G wireless communication technology, characterized in that: include: Get analog signals of the acquisition environment and device status; Converting analog signals into digital signals to obtain digital signals; By performing time domain and frequency domain analysis on digital signals, the analyzed data can be obtained; Performing filtering on the analyzed data to obtain processed data; According to the processed data, the channel is divided into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels, and the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel is obtained to form a channel matrix; By dividing the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and according to the characteristics of each frequency band, different data encoding is performed on the processed data to obtain encoded data; Setting the array layout of the transmitting and receiving antennas, mapping the encoded data to multiple antennas, and transmitting according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams; According to multiple data streams, data is transmitted through 5G wireless communication to achieve multi-channel transmission of data; Convert analog signals into digital signals to obtain digital signals, including: Sampling an analog signal to obtain a series of discrete analog values; According to the discrete analog value, the analog voltage value at the sampling moment is ensured to remain unchanged through the sample-and-hold amplifier to obtain a continuous analog signal value; Mapping continuous analog signal values ​​to a finite number of discrete values ​​to obtain quantized discrete values; Convert the quantized discrete values ​​into binary codes to obtain digital signals; By performing time domain and frequency domain analysis on digital signals, the analyzed data can be obtained, including: Calculate the mean, variance and peak value of the digital signal, and use the mean, variance and peak value of the digital signal to Calculate the peak factor to extract the time domain features of the digital signal. The time domain signal includes mean, variance, peak and peak factor, where: is the number of samples of the signal, It is i Sample values, is the maximum instantaneous value in the signal, is the peak factor; based on the processed time domain signal, the sampling rate and the number of sampling points are obtained; According to the acquisition sampling rate and number of sampling points, Convert the time domain signal to the frequency domain to obtain the spectrum of the signal, where is a discrete time index, representing the position of each sampling point in the time domain signal, ranging from 0 to , is the sampling rate, which indicates the number of samples per second; N is the number of sampling points, indicating the number of samples processed by FFT. is the original time domain signal, is an imaginary unit; according to the spectrum of the signal, The amplitude spectrum is calculated by The phase spectrum is calculated, where It is the intensity of each frequency component, indicating the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain; is the phase information of each frequency component, indicating the time characteristics of the signal. is the real part of the complex spectrum, representing the cosine component of the signal in frequency; The imaginary part of the complex spectrum represents the sinusoidal component of the signal in frequency; according to the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the spectrum, the key frequency components and characteristics of the signal are determined to obtain the analyzed data; The analyzed data is filtered to obtain processed data, including: filtering the analyzed data through Perform filtering to obtain processed data, where: is the time domain signal after being processed by the filter. It is the intensity of each frequency component, indicating the distribution of signal energy in the frequency domain; It is the phase information of each frequency component, indicating the time characteristics of the signal; are the coefficients of the filter, is the total number of frequency sample points, It represents the position of the output signal in the time domain. is the index of the filter coefficient, ranging from 0 to ; Indicates tracing back from the current sample samples, is the base of natural logarithms; It represents the imaginary unit, which is equal to -1; is the frequency, It is the effect of frequency components in the time domain; is the filter coefficient at frequency According to the processed data, the channel is divided into a plurality of orthogonal sub-channels, and the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel is obtained to form a channel matrix, including: according to the processed data, through The entire channel is divided into multiple orthogonal sub-channels, where is the amplitude and phase in the frequency domain, representing the frequency content of the signal; The amplitude of the frequency domain signal, indicating the k The intensity of the frequency components, It is k The phase of the frequency components, is the index, is the number of sampling points of the signal, j is an imaginary unit, t It's time. T is the signal period; is the initial phase, indicating the phase value at t = 0; is the phase offset, which indicates the magnitude of the phase change; is the frequency of the phase modulated signal; is the base amplitude of the signal, is the frequency of the modulating signal; is the base amplitude of the signal; is the base of natural logarithms; represents the change of the phase of the signal over time. The output signal is in the time domain; each orthogonal subchannel is subjected to carrier modulation, and the processed data is modulated onto the carrier of each subchannel for data transmission to obtain the channel state information of each orthogonal subchannel; Constructing a channel matrix according to the channel state information of each orthogonal sub-channel, wherein each element of the channel matrix represents the channel response of the corresponding orthogonal sub-channel; By dividing the transmission channel into multiple frequency bands, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band, and according to the characteristics of each frequency band, the processed data is encoded differently to obtain the encoded data, including: The total frequency band of the transmission channel is divided into several frequency bands, each of which has a corresponding frequency range, and through the frequency band allocation and synchronization mechanism, each transmitting end and receiving end corresponds to the same channel frequency band; According to the characteristics of each frequency band, the processed data is converted into a signal form transmitted on the corresponding frequency band by frequency modulation, phase modulation or amplitude modulation to obtain encoded data; Set the array layout of the transmit and receive antennas, map the encoded data to multiple antennas, and transmit according to the channel matrix to obtain multiple data streams, including: Set up the array layout of the transmit and receive antennas; According to the antenna array layout, the encoded data is divided into multiple sub-streams, and the divided sub-stream data is mapped to the corresponding transmitting antenna; according to the mapping of the sub-stream data and the channel matrix, Perform data processing to obtain multiple data streams, among which, is the received signal vector, is the transmitted signal vector, is the noise vector, is the channel matrix, expressed as: ； in, Represents the 0th sending subchannel to the channel responses of receiving subchannels; Representative The channel response from the 0th sending subchannel to the 0th receiving subchannel; Representative The channel response from the first transmitting subchannel to the first receiving subchannel; Representative Send subchannel to the The channel response of the receiving subchannel.

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