A titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with three-coordinated directional energy control

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of melting welding, and provides a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with three-coordinated directional energy control, wherein the titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-coordinated directional energy control includes a control system, a coordinated system and a welding system, and the coordinated parameters including tungsten pole swing parameters, current pulse parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters are formed by the control system, and the coordinated system and the welding system are combined to realize the directional control of welding energy through the three synergistic effects of tungsten pole swing control, pulse current, and alternating gas supply. The present invention introduces a three-coordinated directional energy control strategy, and during the welding process, the tungsten pole swing, pulse current, and alternating gas supply work together to realize the directional control of arc energy, effectively solve the problem of side wall unfusion, and avoid defects such as pores and tissue deterioration, thereby improving the automation degree and welding efficiency of titanium alloy narrow gap welding, significantly improving the welding quality, and enhancing the adaptability of the horizontal welding position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy welding, and in particular to a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with triple coordinated directional energy control. Background Art

[0002] Titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used in industrial fields such as marine engineering, shipbuilding, petrochemicals, aerospace, transportation, and nuclear power equipment due to their high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and non-magnetic properties. However, with the continuous deepening of industrial applications, the demand for welding of thick titanium and titanium alloy materials is increasing, especially thick plate welding technology has become one of the key factors restricting the application of titanium alloy structural parts.

[0003] In the prior art, non-melting inert gas shielded welding (GTAW) is usually used for welding of base materials with a thickness of ≥10mm. However, the traditional GTAW welding method has significant defects: first, it is necessary to process a V-shaped groove with a large angle (such as 45°~60°), which not only increases the workload of welding preparation, but also leads to large consumption of welding materials and low welding efficiency; secondly, since the heat input during welding is difficult to accurately control, it is easy to cause welding deformation and residual stress, affecting the stability and reliability of welded structural parts; thirdly, during the welding process of titanium alloy, due to the large surface tension of the liquid molten pool, poor molten pool fluidity, and difficulty in gas atmosphere protection, it is easy to cause defects such as side wall unfusion and pores, which seriously affect the welding quality.

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional GTAW welding methods, narrow gap GTAW welding technology came into being. Initially, narrow gap GTAW was mainly used for large thickness welding of steel materials. It was usually achieved by using an extended tungsten electrode and a nearly parallel groove. It can greatly reduce the amount of welding material filling for medium and thick plate welding and the deformation of the product after welding. It has received attention from the industry and has developed rapidly. Narrow gap GTAW welding technology significantly reduces welding material consumption and welding costs by reducing the groove width, and can control welding deformation to a certain extent. However, narrow gap GTAW welding of titanium alloys still faces many challenges: first, the surface tension of the liquid molten pool of titanium alloy is large and the fluidity is poor, which makes side wall fusion a problem; second, gas protection is difficult, which can easily lead to defects such as pores; third, the welding speed is limited, and the heat input control is difficult, making it difficult to improve welding efficiency while ensuring welding quality. Such as Figure 1 As shown, it can be seen that the arc edge is often on the side wall and the edge of the molten pool. The arc energy is not concentrated enough, the fluidity of the molten pool is limited, and the side wall of the parent material is prone to insufficient energy, resulting in unfused defects.

[0005] In order to further improve the quality and efficiency of titanium alloy narrow gap welding, tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding technology was introduced. Tungsten electrode swing narrow gap technology is to tilt the tungsten electrode tip to ensure that it is at a certain angle with the rotating main pump, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, welding realizes the angular swing of the tungsten electrode by supporting the axis rotation of the tungsten electrode, enhancing the fusion of the side wall and reducing welding defects. This technology enhances the fusion ability of the side wall through the automatic swing of the tungsten electrode, and improves the welding quality to a certain extent. However, this technology still has problems such as small process window and insufficient heat input control accuracy. Especially for titanium alloy materials that are sensitive to heat input, it is difficult to achieve efficient welding while ensuring welding quality. In addition, during the tungsten electrode swing welding process, the arc energy is unevenly distributed, which is easy to cause defects such as pores, and the welding speed is significantly affected by the swing parameters, making it difficult to achieve stable welding process control.

[0006] The prior art CN202110600877.4 proposes an alternating gas supply titanium alloy narrow gap welding method, which utilizes the switching arc pressure of Ar and He to optimize the molten pool flow direction during welding, thereby reducing the risk of unfusion, making it applicable in the field of manual GTAW welding of titanium alloys. While reducing the unfusion defects, it also reduces the difficulty of manual welding of non-flat welding positions, but it is difficult to apply in automatic narrow gap, especially tungsten electrode swing welding.

[0007] Therefore, the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap process has poor adaptability to titanium alloys that are sensitive to heat input and have a low elastic modulus, especially for narrow gap welding in the horizontal welding position with high requirements for side wall fusion. Compared with the flat welding position, the welding speed is not only reduced, but the welding quality is also difficult to guarantee. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and process to solve the bottleneck problem in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with three-coordinated directional energy control for automatic narrow gap of tungsten pole swing. The directional control of arc energy is achieved through the three-coordinated control of tungsten pole swing control, pulse current and alternating gas supply. It can not only effectively solve the problem of unfused side wall in automatic welding of titanium alloy, but also avoid the problems of porosity and microstructure deterioration caused by unreasonable arc energy distribution caused by tungsten pole swing, greatly expand the process window and welding process stability, and achieve high-quality welding.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0010] The first object of the present application is to disclose a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with triple coordinated directed energy control, comprising:

[0011] A control system is used to form coordinated parameters according to titanium alloy material grade, welding thickness, and groove form parameters. The coordinated parameters include tungsten electrode swing parameters, current pulse parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters;

[0012] The collaborative system includes a tungsten pole swing drive unit, an alternating gas supply unit, and a GTAW welding power source. The tungsten pole swing drive unit can control the working condition of the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun according to the tungsten pole swing parameter given by the control system; the alternating gas supply unit can supply Ar-He gas to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun in an alternating manner according to the alternating gas supply parameter given by the control system; the GTAW welding power source can output pulse current to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun according to the current pulse parameter given by the control system;

[0013] The welding system includes a tungsten electrode oscillating narrow gap welding gun. Based on the oscillation parameters, pulse current parameters and alternating gas supply parameters of the coordinated system, the directional control of welding energy is achieved through the coordinated effects of tungsten electrode oscillation control, pulse current and alternating gas supply.

[0014] Furthermore, the swing parameters include the swing width, the left and right dwell time, and the swing frequency, and the pulse current parameters include the base current I b , peak current I p , Base value time T b , peak time T p The alternating gas supply parameters include a gas switching trigger point, and the pulse current parameters are coordinated with the alternating gas supply and the tungsten electrode swing in phase.

[0015] Furthermore, the pulse current parameters are coordinated in phase with the alternating gas supply and tungsten electrode swinging, including: when the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun swings to the left side of the weld, the pulse current adopts a higher energy peak current, and at the same time couples He with larger arc energy as a shielding gas; when the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun swings to the middle of the weld, the pulse current adopts a lower energy base current, and at the same time couples Ar with lower energy as a shielding gas; when the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun swings to the right side of the weld, the pulse current adopts a higher energy peak current, and at the same time couples He with larger arc energy as a shielding gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the control system includes a main controller, which is electrically connected to the tungsten pole swing drive unit through a tungsten pole swing control circuit, the main controller is electrically connected to the GTAW welding power supply through a current control circuit, and the main controller is electrically connected to the alternating gas supply unit through a gas alternating gas supply signal circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, the alternating gas supply unit also includes an argon gas pipeline, an argon gas cylinder, a helium gas cylinder, a helium gas pipeline, a gun gas circuit, and a protective gas circuit. The alternating gas supply unit is used to alternately supply gas to the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun according to the gas alternating gas supply signal given by the control system.

[0018] The second object of the present application is to disclose a titanium alloy narrow gap welding method with three-coordinated directed energy control, which is applied to the titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-coordinated directed energy control as described above, and a human-computer interaction interface is set on the master controller of the control system to input swing parameters to the master controller, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: Input the swing parameters through the human-machine interaction interface set on the main controller;

[0020] S2: The control system generates or sets matching pulse current parameters according to the swing parameters;

[0021] S3: After the swing parameters and pulse current parameters are determined, the control system will automatically match the alternating gas supply parameters and determine the gas switching trigger point;

[0022] S4: The collaborative system coordinates the thermal effect of the welding peak current, the fluidity of the molten pool caused by the alternating gas supply, and the high voltage effect of the alternating He gas arc with the phase of the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun according to the swing parameters, pulse current parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters, thereby achieving directional control of the arc energy.

[0023] Further, in step S1, the swing width in the swing parameter covers 60% to 90% of the groove width of the welding position, the left and right dwell times range from 0.2 to 0.6S, and the swing frequency ranges from 0.5Hz to 1.5Hz.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, the base current I in the pulse current parameter b The value range is 50~100A, and the peak current I p The value range is 150~230A, and the peak time T p T is the dwell time of the tungsten electrode when it swings to the left or right. p The value range is 0.2~0.6S, and the base time T b It is the transition time from swinging on one side to the other side, which is determined by the swinging frequency and the single-side dwell time.

[0025] Further, in step S3, the gas switching trigger point is the position where the tungsten electrode swings from the center position to half the angle of the groove side wall.

[0026] Furthermore, when it is necessary to improve the fluidity of the molten pool and increase the side wall fusion capacity, the alternating switching angle of the gas switching trigger point is reduced; when the fluidity of the molten pool is good, in order to avoid excessive side wall fusion, the alternating switching angle of the gas switching trigger point is increased.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with three-coordinated directional energy control described in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] (1) The titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-coordinated directional energy control described in the present invention realizes directional control of arc energy for titanium alloys that are sensitive to heat input through the three-coordinated control of tungsten electrode swing control, pulse current, and alternating gas supply. It can not only effectively solve the problem of unfused side walls in automatic welding of titanium alloys, but also avoid the problems of porosity and microstructure deterioration caused by unreasonable arc energy distribution caused by tungsten electrode swing, greatly expand the process window and welding process stability, and achieve high-quality welding.

[0029] (2) The titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with three-coordinated directional energy control described in the present invention, by introducing a three-coordinated directional energy control strategy, achieves directional control of arc energy through the synergistic effect of tungsten electrode swing, pulse current and alternating gas supply during the welding process, effectively solves the problem of unfused side walls, and avoids defects such as pores and microstructure deterioration, thereby improving the automation level and welding efficiency of titanium alloy narrow gap welding, significantly improving welding quality, and enhancing the adaptability of horizontal welding positions, providing strong support for technological progress in the field of titanium alloy welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the narrow gap GTAW welding process in the prior art;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of tungsten electrode swing welding in the narrow gap GTAW welding process in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three coordinated directional energy controls according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a timing diagram of the three-coordinated directed energy control according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The titanium alloy narrow gap molten pool controlled by three coordinated directed energy according to the embodiment of the present invention is Figure 4 Peak current in the middle A part, flow diagram under He gas protection;

[0036] Figure 6 The titanium alloy narrow gap molten pool controlled by three coordinated directed energy according to the embodiment of the present invention is Figure 4The flow diagram of the base current and Ar gas protection in the middle B part;

[0037] Figure 7 The titanium alloy narrow gap molten pool controlled by three coordinated directed energy according to the embodiment of the present invention is Figure 4 Peak current in the middle C part and flow diagram under He gas protection;

[0038] Figure 8 The titanium alloy narrow gap molten pool controlled by three coordinated directed energy according to the embodiment of the present invention is Figure 4 The flow diagram of the base current and Ar gas protection in the middle D part;

[0039] Fig. 9 The metallographic structure of titanium alloy narrow gap welding with triple synergistic directional energy control according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] A. Control system, B. Collaborative system, C. Welding system, 1. Main controller; 2. Alternating gas supply signal circuit; 3. Argon gas pipeline; 4. Argon gas cylinder; 5. Helium gas cylinder; 6. Helium gas pipeline; 7. Alternating gas supply unit; 8. Current control circuit; 9. GTAW welding power supply; 10. Welding gun cable; 11. Tungsten electrode swing control circuit; 12. Tungsten electrode swing drive unit; 13. Welding ground wire; 14. Welding motion device; 15. Tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun; 16. Gun gas circuit; 17. Shielding gas circuit; 18. Wire feeder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical means, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific drawings.

[0043] It should be noted that all the terms used in the present invention for directional and positional indications, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "top", "lower", "lateral", "longitudinal", "center", etc., are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and connection status between the components in a certain state (as shown in the accompanying drawings), and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0046] For titanium alloy narrow gap automatic welding, in order to achieve good energy control in the automatic tungsten electrode oscillating welding process, reduce the risk of incomplete fusion and porosity, and avoid the deterioration of the structure due to increased heat input, such as Figures 3~8 As shown, the present application discloses a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-coordinated directed energy control, comprising:

[0047] Control system A, used to form coordinated parameters according to titanium alloy material grade, welding thickness, groove form parameters, the coordinated parameters include tungsten electrode swing parameters, current pulse parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters;

[0048] The collaborative system B includes a tungsten pole swing drive unit 12, an alternating gas supply unit 7, and a GTAW welding power source 9. The tungsten pole swing drive unit 12 can generate a drive signal that can be used to drive the tungsten pole swing motor according to the tungsten pole swing control circuit signal given by the control system A, and control the working condition of the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15; the alternating gas supply unit 7 can supply Ar-He gas to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 in an alternating form according to the gas alternating gas supply signal given by the control system A; the GTAW welding power source 9 can output a pulse current to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 according to the current control circuit signal given by the control system A;

[0049] The welding system C includes a tungsten electrode oscillating narrow gap welding gun 15, which realizes directional control of welding energy through the synergistic effects of tungsten electrode oscillation control, pulse current and alternating gas supply based on the oscillation parameters, pulse current parameters and alternating gas supply parameters of the collaborative system B.

[0050] The titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-coordinated directed energy control described in the present application realizes fine management of energy during welding by means of three-coordinated directed energy control. First, the control system A calculates the coordinated parameters according to the material grade, welding thickness and groove form of the titanium alloy, and these parameters include the swing parameters of the tungsten electrode, the pulse parameters of the current and the alternating gas supply parameters of the Ar-He gas. Subsequently, each unit in the collaborative system B works according to these collaborative parameters: the tungsten pole swing drive unit 12 receives the tungsten pole swing control circuit signal of the control system A, generates a drive signal to control the action of the tungsten pole swing motor, and the drive signal mainly includes swing parameters such as swing speed, maximum swing angle, and side wall residence time, thereby adjusting the working state of the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15; the alternating gas supply unit 7 is responsible for the Ar-He alternating gas supply unit according to the gas alternating gas supply signal, and supplies shielding gas to the welding gun in an alternating manner as a shielding gas to support the normal operation of the arc, and also supplies Ar gas to the welding gun as a shielding gas to maintain the arc periphery from air invasion. The gas flow rate and phase of the alternating gas supply need to be coordinated with the phase of the tungsten pole swing; the GTAW welding power supply 9 outputs a pulse current to the welding gun according to the current control circuit signal. Finally, in the welding system C, the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 coordinates the thermal effect of the welding peak current, the molten pool fluidity enhancement effect brought by the alternating gas supply, and the high voltage effect generated by the alternating shielding gas arc with the phase of the tungsten pole swing, thereby realizing directional control of the welding energy.

[0051] The titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-synergistic directional energy control described in the present application realizes directional control of arc energy through the synergy of tungsten electrode swing control, pulse current, and alternating gas supply for titanium alloys that are sensitive to heat input. It can not only effectively solve the problem of unfused side walls in automatic welding of titanium alloys, but also avoid the problems of porosity, structural deterioration, etc. caused by unreasonable arc energy distribution caused by tungsten electrode swing, greatly expands the process window and welding process stability, and realizes high-quality welding.

[0052] As a preferred example of the present application, the synergistic effects of tungsten pole swing control, pulse current, and alternating gas supply include: when the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 swings to the left side of the weld, the pulse current uses a higher energy peak current, and at the same time couples He with larger arc energy as a shielding gas; when the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 swings to the middle of the weld, the pulse current uses a lower energy base current, and at the same time couples Ar with lower energy as a shielding gas, and when the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 swings to the right side of the weld, the pulse current uses a higher energy peak current, and at the same time couples He with larger arc energy as a shielding gas.

[0053] This setting discloses a specific mode of coordinated operation of tungsten electrode swing control, pulse current and alternating gas supply. Through the coordination of pulse current control, shielding gas composition control and tungsten electrode swing direction, high directivity control of arc energy can be achieved without increasing the average current. At the same time, the high arc energy of He gas can ensure that when welding on one side, the temperature of the opposite side will not be too low due to the reduction of arc energy, causing defects. At the same time, it can increase the welding speed, reduce the heat input of the welding process, and achieve high-quality welding.

[0054] The control system A includes a master controller 1, which is electrically connected to a tungsten pole swing drive unit 12 through a tungsten pole swing control circuit 11, and is electrically connected to a GTAW welding power source 9 through a current control circuit 8, and is electrically connected to an alternating gas supply unit 7 through a gas alternating gas supply signal circuit 2. In the example of the present application, the master controller 1, as the core of the control system, can comprehensively consider factors such as titanium alloy material, welding thickness, and groove form, accurately calculate the best coordination parameters, and transmit these parameters to the coordination system B in real time through the gas alternating gas supply signal circuit 2, the current control circuit 8, and the tungsten pole swing control circuit 11, and accurately control the coordination system B, so that the coordination between the tungsten pole swing, the welding current, and the shielding gas supply is closer and more efficient. The master controller 1 can be a single-chip microcomputer, a PC, a PLC, or a DSP.

[0055] This setting not only reduces the risk of incomplete fusion and porosity, but also avoids the problem of structural deterioration due to improper heat input; at the same time, the flexibility of the main controller 1 enables the device to adapt to the welding requirements of titanium alloys with different materials, thicknesses and groove forms, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality.

[0056] As a preferred example of the present application, the alternating gas supply unit 7 also includes an argon gas pipeline 3, an argon gas cylinder 4, a helium gas cylinder 5, a helium gas pipeline 6, a gun gas circuit 16, and a shielding gas circuit 17. The alternating gas supply unit 7 is used to alternately supply gas to the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun 15 according to the gas alternating gas supply signal given by the control system A. In the example of the present application, the alternating gas supply unit 7 can also be connected to other shielding gases to achieve alternating gas supply. In actual operation, the alternating gas supply unit 7 can ensure that the arc is stably supported during the tungsten electrode swing and welding process, and the peripheral area of ​​the arc can effectively isolate air intrusion, thereby ensuring the welding quality. Its implementation form is still within the protection scope of the present application.

[0057] By providing the alternating gas supply unit 7 to flexibly provide the required gas to the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun 15, the stability and reliability of the welding process are improved, and it is also helpful to reduce the gas consumption during the welding process, improve the welding efficiency, and achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0058] As a preferred example of the present application, the current control circuit signal includes parameter signals for controlling peak current, peak current time, base current, and base current time, and is coordinated with the alternating gas supply and tungsten electrode swing in phase. This setting enables the current control circuit to closely cooperate with the shielding gas provided by the alternating gas supply unit and the tungsten electrode swinging action controlled by the tungsten electrode swinging drive unit by accurately adjusting the magnitude and duration of the welding current, thereby forming an efficient and stable welding process. This synergistic effect enables the arc to obtain continuous and stable current support during the swinging process, and the shielding gas can also cover the arc and weld area in a timely and accurate manner, thereby effectively improving the welding quality and efficiency.

[0059] As a preferred example of the present application, the three-coordinated directed energy controlled titanium alloy narrow gap welding device further includes a wire feeder 18, and the wire feeder 18 is used to automatically feed wire into the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun 15, and the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun 15 is arranged above the welding motion device 14. Preferably, the GTAW welding power source 9 is connected to the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun 15 through a welding gun cable 10, and is connected to the welding motion device 14 through a welding ground wire 13. The arrangement further adopts a wire feeder 18 for automatically feeding welding wire into the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun 15, which greatly improves the automation and efficiency of welding. The tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun 15 is cleverly installed above the welding motion device 14, so that during the welding process, the welding gun can swing stably and accurately, making the feeding of welding wire more stable and uniform during the welding process, thereby ensuring the continuity and beauty of the weld. At the same time, the clever combination of the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun 15 and the welding motion device 14 makes the welding process more precise and controllable, and effectively avoids the occurrence of welding deviations and defects.

[0060] As a preferred example of the present application, a human-computer interaction interface is provided on the master controller 1 for inputting swing parameters including swing width (swing angle), left and right dwell time, and swing frequency into the master controller 1 .

[0061] The present application also discloses a titanium alloy narrow gap welding method with three-coordinated directed energy control, which is applied to the titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three-coordinated directed energy control as described in the above embodiment, comprising:

[0062] S1: Inputting swing parameters through a human-machine interaction interface set on the main controller 1, the swing parameters including swing width, left and right dwell time, and swing frequency;

[0063] S2: Control system A generates or sets matching pulse current parameters according to the swing parameters. The pulse current parameters include the base current I b , peak current I p, Base value time T b , peak time T p ;

[0064] S3: After the swing parameters and pulse current parameters are determined, the control system A will automatically match the alternating gas supply parameters and determine the gas switching trigger point;

[0065] S4: The collaborative system B coordinates the thermal effect of the welding peak current, the fluidity of the molten pool caused by the alternating gas supply, and the high voltage effect of the alternating He gas arc with the phase of the tungsten electrode swinging narrow gap welding gun 15 according to the swing parameters, pulse current parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters, thereby realizing directional control of the arc energy.

[0066] The present application also discloses a titanium alloy narrow gap welding method with three coordinated directional energy controls, and for the tungsten pole swing automatic narrow gap, the method is applied to the titanium alloy narrow gap welding device with three coordinated directional energy controls, and the swing parameter is input through the human-machine interface of the master controller 1, and the master controller 1 transmits the swing parameter signal from the tungsten pole swing control circuit 11 to the tungsten pole swing drive unit 12, and the tungsten pole swing drive unit 12 converts the swing parameter signal into a driving signal for driving the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 to swing and transmits it to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15, and the control system A generates matching pulse current parameters according to the swing parameters, including the base current I b , peak current I p , Base value time T b , peak time T p After the swing parameters and pulse current parameters are determined, the alternating gas supply parameters will be automatically matched, and the tungsten electrode will be swung to a preset position between the center of the weld and the side wall as a gas switching trigger point. The directional control of arc energy is achieved through the synergy of tungsten electrode swing control, pulse current, and alternating gas supply. This can not only effectively solve the problem of unfused side walls in automatic welding of titanium alloys, but also avoid the problems of porosity and microstructure deterioration caused by unreasonable arc energy distribution caused by tungsten electrode swing, greatly expanding the process window and welding process stability, and achieving high-quality welding.

[0067] By setting a human-computer interaction interface on the main controller 1, the user can conveniently input swing parameters including swing width, left and right dwell time and swing frequency. After being processed by the main controller 1, these parameters are transmitted to the tungsten pole swing drive unit 12 through the tungsten pole swing control circuit 11, thereby driving the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 to swing; at the same time, the control system A automatically generates matching pulse current parameters according to the swing parameters, and automatically matches the alternating gas supply parameters, and swings the tungsten pole to a preset position between the center of the weld and the side wall as a gas switching trigger point, so as to optimize the molten pool fluidity and the side wall fusion ability, effectively avoid side wall defects, simplify the operation process, and improve welding efficiency and quality.

[0068] As a preferred example of the present application, in step S1, the swing width in the swing parameters covers 60% to 90% of the groove width of the welding position, preferably 80%, the dwell time on the left and right sides is preferably 0.2 to 0.6S, and the swing frequency is preferably 0.5Hz to 1.5Hz.

[0069] In the example of the present application, the setting of the swing parameters is the key. Users can conveniently input parameters such as the swing width, left and right dwell time, and swing frequency through the human-computer interaction interface of the control system. Among them, the swing width is set to cover 60% to 90% of the groove width of the welding position, preferably 80%, to ensure the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the welding; the left and right dwell time is controlled between 0.2 and 0.6 seconds to ensure the welding depth and quality; the swing frequency is set at 0.5 to 1.5 Hz to achieve efficient welding speed. After these parameters are set, the control system A will transmit these signals to the tungsten pole swing drive unit 12 through the tungsten pole swing control circuit 11, and then drive the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun 15 to swing according to the preset parameters, thereby realizing an accurate and efficient welding process. Through the above-mentioned swing width, left and right dwell time and swing frequency settings, comprehensive coverage and uniformity of welding are ensured, welding quality is improved, welding depth and firmness are guaranteed, and efficient improvement of welding speed is achieved. At the same time, the narrow gap welding process of titanium alloy is made more intelligent and controllable, which provides strong support for improving welding quality and efficiency, and also brings users a more convenient and efficient operation experience.

[0070] As a preferred example of the present application, in step S2, the base current I in the pulse current parameter b The value range is 50~100A, and the peak current I p The value range is 150~230A, and the peak time T p T is the dwell time of the tungsten electrode when it swings to the left or right. p The value range is 0.2~0.6S, and the base time T b It is the transition time from swinging on one side to the other side, which is determined by the swinging frequency and the single-side dwell time.

[0071] This setting further optimizes the pulse current parameters that work in synergy with the swing parameters, the base current I b and peak current I p The reasonable setting of ensures the stability of the arc and the appropriate temperature of the molten pool during welding, thereby improving the welding quality; the peak time T p The precise control ensures the uniformity and depth of the weld and avoids welding defects. bThe reasonable setting ensures the continuity and stability of the welding process and improves the welding efficiency. The control system A automatically generates matching pulse current parameters according to the swing parameters, which simplifies the operation process, reduces the difficulty of operation and improves work efficiency. In general, this setting makes the titanium alloy narrow gap welding process more accurate and stable, providing strong support for improving welding quality and efficiency.

[0072] As a preferred example of the present application, in step S3, the gas switching trigger point is the position where the tungsten electrode swings from the center position to half the angle of the groove side wall. As a specific example of the present application, the tungsten electrode swings to the center position of the weld at 0°, the tungsten electrode swings to the groove side wall at ±60°, and the gas switching trigger point is ±30°.

[0073] Preferably, when it is necessary to improve the fluidity of the molten pool and increase the side wall fusion capacity at the same time, the alternating switching angle of the gas switching trigger point is reduced; when the fluidity of the molten pool is good, in order to avoid excessive side wall fusion, the alternating switching angle of the gas switching trigger point is increased. This setting improves the welding quality by optimizing the molten pool flow enhancement effect brought about by alternating gas supply. The specific method is that when it is necessary to improve the fluidity of the molten pool and increase the side wall fusion capacity at the same time, the alternating switching position (angle) can be reduced, for example, to ±20°. If the fluidity of the molten pool is good, in order to avoid excessive side wall fusion, the alternating switching position (angle) can be increased, for example, to ±40°.

[0074] The present application achieves precise control of the molten pool fluidity and side wall fusion ability during the welding process by accurately setting the gas switching trigger point and combining it with the alternating gas supply strategy, thereby ensuring sufficient melting heat of the side wall and effectively avoiding the occurrence of side wall defects. After the swing parameters and pulse current parameters are determined, the control system A will automatically match the alternating gas supply parameters to optimize the alternating gas supply strategy, thereby achieving precise control of the molten pool fluidity. It can not only improve the molten pool fluidity to increase the side wall fusion ability, but also avoid excessive side wall fusion when the molten pool fluidity is good, thereby ensuring a stable welding process and high-quality weld formation.

[0075] As a preferred example of the present application, the flow rates of He gas and Ar gas are usually set to 10-20 L / min. This setting further optimizes the stable welding effect.

[0076] By adopting the titanium alloy narrow gap welding method with three coordinated directional energy control described in the present invention to perform titanium alloy narrow gap welding, the thermal effect of the welding peak current, the fluidity of the molten pool brought by the alternating gas supply, and the high voltage effect (high heat capacity) of the He gas arc can be coordinated to achieve directional control of the welding energy, and the directional ability of the side wall fusion is optimized. At the same time, the gas is switched periodically to make the molten pool flow periodically, avoiding the low-heat side wall welding energy shortage, achieving the effect of reducing pores and refining grains, and greatly improving the welding quality of the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap. At the same time, the improved welding method of the present application, for the narrow gap of the horizontal welding position with poor adaptability of the traditional narrow gap, due to the increase of directional control of energy, the welding capacity can be accurately matched on the upper and lower sides of the weld, and the welding process does not need to reduce the welding speed (the traditional narrow gap horizontal welding position needs to reduce the welding speed by 10-20%), and the excellent welding quality can be achieved, and the welding speed is increased by more than 10% under the same heat input. In the example of the present application, the tungsten electrode is the welding tungsten electrode of the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun 15.

[0077] The titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method using the three-coordinated directional energy control described in the present application can break the technical cage of poor energy directivity and controllability of the traditional tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding, realize the directional control of arc energy, and utilize the fluidity of the molten pool to reduce pores, refine grains, and achieve high-quality welding, and can achieve the following technical effects:

[0078] (1) For titanium alloys that are sensitive to heat input, good side wall fusion can be achieved with a smaller heat input. That is, the thermal effect of peak current, the high voltage (high heat capacity) of the He gas arc, the flow of the molten pool from the periphery to the center during the He gas stage, and the directionality of the tungsten electrode swing are used together to achieve precise side wall fusion capacity control. Under low heat input conditions, good side wall fusion is achieved to avoid side wall fusion problems. At the same time, the defect problem caused by insufficient energy on the opposite side when the tungsten electrode swings to one side of the weld caused by traditional tungsten electrode swing welding is avoided, thereby expanding the process window.

[0079] (2) During the tungsten electrode swinging process, the periodic flow formed by the alternating molten pool gas is utilized to improve the fluidity of the molten pool, reduce the porosity, improve the ability to resist porosity during the entire welding process, refine the grains, and improve the welding quality.

[0080] (3) Under good parameters, while ensuring side wall fusion and molten pool fluidity, a smaller welding heat input can achieve a higher welding speed, reduce welding heat input, and improve welding efficiency.

[0081] (4) The adaptability of the horizontal welding position is greatly increased. Under the premise of ensuring excellent welding quality, the efficiency is increased by more than 10% compared with the traditional narrow gap horizontal welding.

[0082] The titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and method with three-coordinated directional energy control described in the present application relate to a new titanium alloy GTAW welding process, specifically to a titanium alloy narrow gap welding device and process based on three-coordinated directional energy control of pulse current, tungsten electrode swing, and alternating gas supply, aiming to break through the problem of unfused side wall and porosity in narrow gap welding. The welding material covers pure titanium and titanium alloy, and is particularly suitable for narrow gap grooves ≥10mm. The weld types include patch welds, longitudinal welds, and circumferential welds. The method of narrow gap welding of titanium alloy is carried out by adopting pulse current, alternating gas supply, and tungsten electrode swing.

[0083] Example

[0084] This scheme is used to perform narrow gap welding of titanium alloy with three-coordinated directional energy control. The thickness of the test plate is 45 mm, the dwell time on the left and right sides is preferably 0.3 S, and the swing frequency is 0.8 Hz. b =80A, peak current I p =200A, gas switching angle is ±30°, He and Ar gas flow rate is set to 15L / min. Fig. 9 As shown, it can be seen that the side walls are well fused and no pores appear. The sample is X-rayed according to NB / T47013.2 and meets Level I.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for titanium alloy narrow gap welding with triple synergistic directed energy control, characterized in that: A titanium alloy narrow gap welding device applied to three-coordinated directed energy control, the titanium alloy narrow gap welding device of the three-coordinated directed energy control comprising: The control system (A) is used to form coordinated parameters according to the titanium alloy material grade, welding thickness, and groove form parameters, and the coordinated parameters include tungsten electrode swing parameters, current pulse parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters; The collaborative system (B) comprises a tungsten pole swing drive unit (12), an alternating gas supply unit (7), and a GTAW welding power source (9), wherein the tungsten pole swing drive unit (12) can control the working condition of a tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun (15) according to the tungsten pole swing parameters given by the control system (A); the alternating gas supply unit (7) can supply Ar-He gas to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun (15) in an alternating manner according to the alternating gas supply parameters given by the control system (A); and the GTAW welding power source (9) can output a pulse current to the tungsten pole swing narrow gap welding gun (15) according to the current pulse parameters given by the control system (A); A welding system (C) comprising a tungsten electrode oscillating narrow gap welding gun (15), which realizes directional control of welding energy through the synergistic effects of tungsten electrode oscillation control, pulse current and alternating gas supply based on the oscillation parameters, pulse current parameters and alternating gas supply parameters of the synergistic system (B); A human-machine interaction interface is provided on the master controller (1) of the control system (A) for inputting swing parameters into the master controller (1), wherein the method comprises the following steps: S1: Inputting the swing parameters through the human-machine interaction interface set on the main controller (1); In step S1, the swing width in the swing parameters covers 60% to 90% of the groove width of the welding position, the left and right dwell times range from 0.2 to 0.6 seconds, and the swing frequency ranges from 0.5 Hz to 1.5 Hz; S2: The control system (A) generates or sets matching pulse current parameters according to the swing parameters; In step S2, the base current I in the pulse current parameter b The value range is 50~100A, and the peak current I p The value range is 150~230A, and the peak time T p T is the dwell time of the tungsten electrode when it swings to the left or right. p The value range is 0.2~0.6S, and the base time T b It is the transition time from one side to the other, which is determined by the swing frequency and the single-side dwell time; S3: After the swing parameters and pulse current parameters are determined, the control system (A) will automatically match the alternating gas supply parameters and determine the gas switching trigger point; The pulse current parameters are coordinated with the alternating gas supply and the tungsten electrode swing in phase, including: when the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun (15) swings to the left side of the weld, the pulse current uses a peak current with higher energy, and simultaneously couples He with higher arc energy as a shielding gas; when the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun (15) swings to the middle of the weld, the pulse current uses a base current with lower energy, and simultaneously couples Ar with lower energy as a shielding gas; when the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun (15) swings to the right side of the weld, the pulse current uses a peak current with higher energy, and simultaneously couples He with higher arc energy as a shielding gas; The gas switching trigger point is when the tungsten electrode swings from the center position to the position where the angle of the groove side wall is halfway; S4: The coordinated system (B) coordinates the thermal effect of the welding peak current, the fluidity of the molten pool caused by the alternating gas supply, and the high voltage effect of the alternating He gas arc with the phase of the tungsten electrode oscillating narrow gap welding gun (15) according to the swing parameters, pulse current parameters, and alternating gas supply parameters, thereby achieving directional control of the arc energy.

2. The method for titanium alloy narrow gap welding with triple synergistic directed energy control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The swing parameters include the swing width, the left and right dwell time, and the swing frequency. The pulse current parameters include the base current I b , peak current I p , Base value time T b , peak time T p The alternating gas supply parameters include a gas switching trigger point, and the pulse current parameters are coordinated with the alternating gas supply and the tungsten electrode swing in phase.

3. The method for titanium alloy narrow gap welding with triple synergistic directed energy control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (A) comprises a master controller (1), wherein the master controller (1) is electrically connected to a tungsten pole swing drive unit (12) via a tungsten pole swing control circuit (11), the master controller (1) is electrically connected to a GTAW welding power source (9) via a current control circuit (8), and the master controller (1) is electrically connected to an alternating gas supply unit (7) via a gas alternating gas supply signal circuit (2).

4. The method for titanium alloy narrow gap welding with triple synergistic directed energy control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alternating gas supply unit (7) further comprises an argon gas pipeline (3), an argon gas cylinder (4), a helium gas cylinder (5), a helium gas pipeline (6), a gun gas circuit (16), and a shielding gas circuit (17). The alternating gas supply unit (7) is used to alternately supply gas to the tungsten electrode swing narrow gap welding gun (15) according to a gas alternating gas supply signal given by the control system (A).

5. The method for titanium alloy narrow gap welding with triple synergistic directed energy control according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is necessary to improve the fluidity of the molten pool and increase the side wall fusion capacity, the alternating switching angle of the gas switching trigger point is reduced; when the fluidity of the molten pool is good, in order to avoid excessive side wall fusion, the alternating switching angle of the gas switching trigger point is increased.

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