A method for preparing a marine antifouling coating

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a marine antifouling coating. The marine antifouling coating prepared by the application can form a sacrificial layer on the surface with the increase of the glass transition degree; can be closely combined with various material substrates through a primer; has low surface energy, can significantly reduce the adhesion of attached organisms, and can realize self-stripping of the sacrificial layer under the low flow rate seawater scouring force, and can efficiently remove the attached fouling organisms; after the sacrificial layer falls off, the internal wax gel continuously migrates outward under the action of the molecular repulsion and the concentration gradient, and self-renewal of the wax sacrificial layer is completed, so that long-acting antifouling is realized; the maintenance is convenient, the sacrificial layer can be manually stripped in the air, the fouling organisms can be completely removed, and when the sacrificial layer is consumed after the sacrificial layer changes from white to transparent, visual monitoring is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine antifouling materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a marine antifouling coating. Background Art

[0002] Marine biofouling refers to the phenomenon in which marine microorganisms such as bacteria, microalgae, and mollusks adhere to and colonize marine equipment. Marine biofouling has many adverse effects on marine engineering equipment and facilities, such as: (1) Biofouling attached to the surface of the hull will increase the mass and surface roughness of the hull, increase navigation resistance, lead to a decrease in navigation speed and an increase in fuel consumption, thereby exacerbating greenhouse gas emissions. (2) Acidic substances secreted by fouling organisms will corrode the concrete structure of cross-sea bridges and the metal structure of oil platforms, causing serious structural safety hazards and greatly shortening the service life of related equipment and facilities. Therefore, efficient prevention and regular removal of material surface fouling is particularly urgent.

[0003] Currently, marine fouling control methods are primarily categorized into physical and chemical control. Physical control, including ultraviolet irradiation, ultrasonic treatment, high-temperature removal, mechanical cleaning, and high-pressure water jet washing, generally suffers from high labor and material consumption and high costs. Chemical control typically employs antifouling paints with bactericidal properties. Tributyltin (TBT), introduced in 2003, has been widely used in antifouling paints due to its excellent antifouling properties. However, during use, organotin has been found to accumulate in marine organisms and ultimately enter the human body through the food chain, disrupting normal physiological metabolism and posing a serious threat to human life and health. Consequently, in 2008, the International Maritime Organization banned the use of organotin antifouling coatings (Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, (Suppl. 1), S77-S85). In recent years, a number of alternative paints and coatings to organotin have been developed, with low-toxicity coatings containing cuprous oxide currently the predominant antifouling product on the market. Although copper is less toxic than organotin, it can still kill organisms such as algae and damage the ecological environment. International agreements have also restricted the use of copper in antifouling coatings. Therefore, how to design a new type of green and environmentally friendly antifouling coating that does not contain toxic antifouling agents has always been a research and development hotspot. In recent years, low-surface-energy silicone coatings have shown advantages in protecting against marine fouling organisms. They have very low surface energy, making it difficult for marine organisms to attach and easily fall off under high-speed water flow or external forces. However, this material is mainly suitable for fast-moving ships and is not suitable for static antifouling. It cannot prevent marine organisms from attaching at low flow rates. Therefore, ships and vessels still need to use high-power mechanical methods to clean attached organisms during regular maintenance, which often leads to damage to the coating (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 374, 1353-1363.). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for preparing a marine antifouling coating by using mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer materials.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a marine antifouling coating.

[0006] The technical principle of the present invention is as follows: wax in mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer materials migrates to the surface of the polymer elastomer under vitrification drive, forming a sacrificial layer approximately 10-100μm thick. This layer, along with attached microorganisms, is shed under gravity or low-speed seawater scouring, effectively removing surface-attached organisms. After the surface wax layer is shed, the wax gel inside the polymer elastomer continues to migrate outward under the influence of molecular repulsion and concentration gradients, completing the self-renewal of the wax sacrificial layer and achieving long-term antifouling. Furthermore, the present invention can regulate the shedding rate and self-renewal rate of wax crystals by selecting wax materials with different properties and adjusting the compatibility of the wax gel with the elastomer. The self-renewing wax gel coating can adapt to high-efficiency antifouling under different marine conditions.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] The invention discloses a mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer material for preparing marine antifouling coatings, wherein the mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer material is prepared by soaking a polymer elastomer in a wax melt at 80-120° C. for 5-12 hours and then cooling the wax melt.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymer elastomer is polydimethylsiloxane, polyethyl silicone resin, polyaryl silicone resin or polyurethane.

[0010] More preferably, the polymer elastomer is polydimethylsiloxane or polyurethane.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wax melt is from at least one of paraffin wax, mineral wax, polyether wax, beeswax and wool wax.

[0012] Further preferably, the wax melt is derived from paraffin or beeswax.

[0013] A method for preparing a marine antifouling coating comprises forming a coating containing mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer materials on a substrate. The mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer materials are prepared by soaking a polymer elastomer in a wax melt at 80-120°C for 5-12 hours and then cooling the resulting mixture.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steps are:

[0015] (1) pre-treating the surface of the substrate, and then sequentially constructing a primer layer and a connecting layer on the substrate;

[0016] (2) constructing the polymer elastomer on the connecting layer;

[0017] (3) Immerse the polymer elastomer and the substrate in a wax melt at 80-120° C. for 5-12 hours and then cool the mixture to obtain the product.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymer elastomer is polydimethylsiloxane, polyethyl silicone resin, polyaryl silicone resin or polyurethane, and the wax melt is from at least one of paraffin wax, mineral wax, polyether wax, beeswax and wool wax.

[0019] Further preferably, the material of the primer layer is Anko nano anti-rust varnish DTM-SS17 or ergo 7300 epoxy resin glue; the material of the connecting layer is Dow Corning PR-1200.

[0020] More preferably, the material of the substrate is selected from metal, ceramic, glass and plastic.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The preparation method of the present invention has a simple process and universal applicability, and is applicable to different substrate materials. The obtained marine antifouling coating has an adhesion strength of greater than 1 MPa to different substrates, which can meet practical application requirements.

[0023] 2. The marine antifouling coating prepared by the present invention is a binary amorphous material composed of a polymer elastomer and a wax gel. The wax melt is introduced into the elastomer under high temperature conditions and forms a glassy wax gel after cooling. As the degree of vitrification increases, the wax gel migrates from the interior of the elastomer to the surface, forming a sacrificial layer, which means that it has the ability to self-renew through vitrification drive.

[0024] 3. The marine antifouling coating prepared by the present invention can be tightly bonded to a variety of material substrates through a specific base coat and a connecting layer. It has low surface energy (contact angle greater than 110°), good anti-biological adhesion effect (anti-adhesion rate greater than 60%), and its simulated barnacle removal strength is less than 20kPa.

[0025] 4. The marine antifouling coating prepared by the present invention has excellent fouling desorption ability, and its simulated barnacle removal strength is less than 20kPa.

[0026] 5. The marine antifouling coating produced by the present invention does not contain cuprous oxide antifouling agents and can be used for marine antifouling, particularly static marine antifouling. In real-sea static hanging board tests, the sacrificial layer can continuously self-renew on the elastomer surface (including in air and underwater environments) for at least three months.

[0027] 6. The marine antifouling coating prepared by the present invention is easy to maintain. The wax layer can be manually peeled off in the air. After peeling, the antibacterial adhesion rate of the coating is greater than 99.9%, and the anti-algae adhesion rate is greater than 99.9%.

[0028] 7. After the sacrificial layer of the marine antifouling coating prepared by the present invention is consumed, it changes from milky white to transparent, realizing visual monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a diagram of underwater regeneration of the wax gel sacrificial layer of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the adhesion performance of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention after being immersed in seawater for 0-7 days.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a contact angle characterization diagram of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the antibacterial adhesion of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the anti-microalgae adhesion of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the artificial barnacle adhesion of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a real sea hanging board picture of the wax gel marine antifouling coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated and described below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] (1) The stainless steel plate was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water for 5 min, and dried for later use;

[0039] (2) Apply a layer of primer (Anko Nano Antirust Varnish DTM-SS17, purchased from Xiamen Xingang Anticorrosion Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.) to the surface of the stainless steel plate treated in step (1), dry the primer for at least 15 minutes, and then apply a tie layer (Dow Corning PR-1200, DOWSIL TM PR-1200 RTV Prime Coat Clear (available from Dow Inc.), tie coat allowed to dry for at least 15 minutes;

[0040] (3) Polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer (its precursor is SYLGARD TM 184 Silicone ElastomerBase, its curing agent is SYLGARD TM184 silicone elastomer curing agent) was poured on the above connecting layer and placed in a 65°C oven to react for 2 hours to form a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer; the mass ratio of the above precursor to the curing agent was 10:1;

[0041] (4) The stainless steel plate with the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer was completely immersed in a paraffin wax melt at 120°C for 5 hours to uniformly disperse the paraffin wax in the structure of the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. Finally, the elastomer was removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain a wax gel marine antifouling coating;

[0042] (5) Figure 1 As shown, after the wax gel layer on the surface of the coating obtained in step (4) is peeled off, it is immersed in seawater and placed at room temperature for 24 hours. A new wax gel sacrificial layer with a thickness of about 50 μm is spontaneously formed on the surface of the elastomer;

[0043] (6) The coating obtained in step (4) and the stainless steel substrate were subjected to a tensile strength test. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the experimentally measured adhesion strength is 1.05 MPa, which meets the requirements of marine antifouling coatings;

[0044] (7) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a contact angle test, and the contact angle was about 115°. Figure 3 shown.

[0045] (8) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to antibacterial test (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and anti-microalgae adhesion test, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it has good anti-bacterial and anti-microalgae adhesion effects, with anti-adhesion rates exceeding 60%. When the wax gel layer is peeled off, the anti-algae and antibacterial rates are greater than 99.9%;

[0046] (9) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a simulated barnacle test, and the results were as follows: Figure 6 As shown, its removal strength is about 18kPa;

[0047] (10) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was placed in the waters of Xiamen Dalipu Island for more than 3 months. The results were as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the coated surface exhibited excellent anti-biofouling performance compared to the substrate surface coated with anticorrosive paint alone.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] (1) The stainless steel plate was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water for 5 min, and dried for later use;

[0050] (2) applying a layer of primer (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the stainless steel plate treated in step (1), and drying the primer for at least 15 minutes. Then, applying a tie layer (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the obtained primer, and drying the tie layer for at least 15 minutes.

[0051] (3) Polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer (its precursor is SYLGARD TM 184 Silicone ElastomerBase, its curing agent is SYLGARD TM 184 silicone elastomer curing agent) was poured on the above connecting layer and placed in a 65°C oven to react for 2 hours to form a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer; the mass ratio of the above precursor to the curing agent was 10:1;

[0052] (4) The stainless steel plate with the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer was completely immersed in a beeswax melt at 80°C for 12 hours to uniformly disperse the paraffin wax in the structure of the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. Finally, the elastomer was removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain a wax gel marine antifouling coating;

[0053] (5) After peeling off the wax gel layer on the surface of the coating obtained in step (4), the coating was immersed in seawater and left at room temperature for 24 hours. A new wax gel sacrificial layer with a thickness of about 50 μm was spontaneously formed on the surface of the elastomer.

[0054] (6) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a tensile strength test on the substrate. The experimentally measured adhesion strength to the stainless steel plate was 1.08 MPa, meeting the requirements of marine antifouling coatings.

[0055] (7) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a contact angle test, and the contact angle was about 112°.

[0056] (8) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to antibacterial tests (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and anti-microalgae adhesion tests, and the coating had good antibacterial and anti-microalgae adhesion effects, with anti-adhesion rates greater than 60%. After the wax gel layer was peeled off, the anti-algae and antibacterial rates were greater than 99.9%.

[0057] (9) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a simulated barnacle test, and its removal strength was about 19 kPa;

[0058] (10) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was placed in the waters of Xiamen Dalipu Island for more than 3 months. Compared with the surface of the substrate coated with only anti-corrosion paint, the surface of the coating showed excellent anti-biofouling performance.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] (1) Ultrasonic cleaning of the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate with acetone, ethanol and deionized water for 5 minutes in sequence, and drying for later use;

[0061] (2) applying a layer of primer (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the stainless steel plate treated in step (1), and drying the primer for at least 15 minutes. Then, applying a tie layer (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the obtained primer, and drying the tie layer for at least 15 minutes.

[0062] (3) Polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer (its precursor is SYLGARD TM 184 Silicone ElastomerBase, its curing agent is SYLGARD TM 184 silicone elastomer curing agent) was poured on the above connecting layer and placed in a 65°C oven to react for 2 hours to form a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer; the mass ratio of the above precursor to the curing agent was 10:1;

[0063] (4) The glass fiber reinforced plastic plate with the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer was completely immersed in a paraffin melt at 120°C for 5 hours to uniformly disperse the paraffin in the structure of the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. Finally, the elastomer was removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain a wax gel marine antifouling coating;

[0064] (5) After peeling off the wax gel layer on the surface of the coating obtained in step (4), the coating was immersed in seawater and left at room temperature for 24 hours. A new wax gel sacrificial layer with a thickness of about 50 μm was spontaneously formed on the surface of the elastomer;

[0065] (6) The wax gel obtained in step (4) was subjected to a tensile strength test on the substrate. The experimentally measured adhesion strength to the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate was 1.06 MPa, which met the requirements of the marine antifouling coating.

[0066] (7) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a contact angle test, and the contact angle was about 112°.

[0067] (8) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to antibacterial tests (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and anti-microalgae adhesion tests, and the coating had good antibacterial and anti-microalgae adhesion effects, with anti-adhesion rates greater than 60%. After the wax gel layer was peeled off, the anti-algae and antibacterial rates were greater than 99.9%.

[0068] (9) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a simulated barnacle test, and its removal strength was about 18 kPa;

[0069] (10) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was placed in the waters of Xiamen Dalipu Island for more than 3 months. Compared with the surface of the substrate coated with only anti-corrosion paint, the surface of the coating showed excellent anti-biofouling performance.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] (1) Ultrasonic cleaning of polyvinyl chloride plates with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water for 5 min in sequence, followed by drying;

[0072] (2) applying a layer of primer (ergo 7300 epoxy resin glue) to the surface of the polyvinyl chloride treated in step (1), allowing the primer to dry for at least 15 minutes, and then applying a tie coat (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the primer;

[0073] (3) pouring a polyurethane prepolymer solution (wherein the mass ratio of polyurethane to ethylenediamine as a curing agent is 3:1) on the above-mentioned connecting layer and placing it in a 55°C oven to react for 4 hours to form a polyurethane elastomer;

[0074] (4) The polyvinyl chloride plate with the polyurethane elastomer was completely immersed in a paraffin bath at 120° C. for 5 h to uniformly disperse the paraffin in the structure of the polyurethane elastomer. Finally, the polyurethane elastomer with the paraffin introduced was removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain a wax gel marine antifouling coating;

[0075] (5) After peeling off the wax gel layer on the surface of the coating obtained in step (4), the coating was immersed in seawater and left at room temperature for 24 hours. A new wax gel sacrificial layer with a thickness of about 50 μm was spontaneously formed on the surface of the elastomer.

[0076] (6) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a peel strength test on the substrate. The experimentally measured adhesion strength to the glass sheet was 1.02 MPa, which met the requirements of the marine antifouling coating.

[0077] (7) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a contact angle test, and its contact angle was about 113°.

[0078] (8) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to antibacterial tests (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and anti-microalgae adhesion tests, and the coating had good antibacterial and anti-microalgae adhesion effects, with anti-adhesion rates greater than 60%. After the wax gel layer was peeled off, the anti-algae and antibacterial rates were greater than 99.9%.

[0079] (9) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a simulated barnacle test, and its removal strength was about 17 kPa;

[0080] (10) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was placed in the waters of Xiamen Dalipu Island for more than 3 months. Compared with the surface of the substrate coated with only anti-corrosion paint, the surface of the coating showed excellent anti-biofouling performance.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] (1) Ultrasonic cleaning of polyvinyl chloride plates with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water for 5 min in sequence, followed by drying;

[0083] (2) applying a layer of primer (same as in Example 4) to the surface of the polyvinyl chloride plate treated in step (1), allowing the primer to dry for at least 15 minutes, and then applying a tie layer (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the resulting primer;

[0084] (3) Polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer (its precursor is SYLGARD TM 184 Silicone ElastomerBase, its curing agent is SYLGARD TM 184 silicone elastomer curing agent) was poured onto the surface of a polyethylene plate coated with a primer and placed in a 65°C oven to react for 2 hours to form a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer; the mass ratio of the above precursor to the curing agent was 10:1;

[0085] (4) The polyvinyl chloride plate with the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer was completely immersed in a paraffin melt at 80°C for 1 hour to uniformly disperse the paraffin in the elastomer structure. Finally, the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer with the paraffin was removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain a comparative coating.

[0086] (5) After peeling off the wax gel layer on the surface of the coating obtained in step (4), the coating was immersed in seawater and left at room temperature for 24 hours. A new wax gel sacrificial layer with a thickness of about 20 μm was spontaneously formed on the surface of the elastomer.

[0087] (6) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a peel strength test on the substrate. The experimentally measured adhesion strength to the glass sheet was 1.03 MPa, which could not meet the requirements of marine antifouling coatings.

[0088] (7) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a contact angle test, and the contact angle was about 114°.

[0089] (8) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to antibacterial tests (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and anti-microalgae adhesion tests, and the coating had good antibacterial and anti-microalgae adhesion effects, with anti-adhesion rates greater than 60%. After the wax gel layer was peeled off, the anti-algae and antibacterial rates were greater than 99.9%.

[0090] (9) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a simulated barnacle test, and its removal strength was about 18 kPa;

[0091] (10) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was placed in the waters of Xiamen Dalipu Island for more than 3 months. Compared with the substrate surface coated with only anti-corrosion paint, the gel coating stopped self-renewal in about 1 month and the surface anti-biofouling performance was poor.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] (1) The stainless steel plate was ultrasonically cleaned with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water for 5 min in sequence and dried for later use;

[0094] (2) applying a layer of primer (same as in Example 1) to the surface of the rusted steel plate treated in step (1), and allowing the primer to dry for at least 15 minutes;

[0095] (3) Polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer (its precursor is SYLGARD TM 184 Silicone ElastomerBase, its curing agent is SYLGARD TM 184 silicone elastomer curing agent) was poured onto the surface of a rusty steel plate coated with a primer and placed in an oven at 65°C for 2 hours to form a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer; the mass ratio of the above precursor to the curing agent was 10:1;

[0096] (4) The rust-proof steel plate with the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer was completely immersed in a paraffin melt at 120°C for 5 hours to uniformly disperse the paraffin in the elastomer structure. Finally, the polydimethylsiloxane elastomer with the paraffin was removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain a comparative coating.

[0097] (5) After peeling off the wax gel layer on the surface of the coating obtained in step (4), the coating was immersed in seawater and left at room temperature for 24 hours. A new wax gel sacrificial layer with a thickness of about 20 μm was spontaneously formed on the surface of the elastomer.

[0098] (6) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a peel strength test on the substrate. The experimentally measured adhesion strength to the glass sheet was 0.3 MPa, which could not meet the requirements of marine antifouling coatings.

[0099] (7) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a contact angle test, and the contact angle was about 114°.

[0100] (8) The coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to antibacterial tests (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and anti-microalgae adhesion tests, and the coating had good antibacterial and anti-microalgae adhesion effects, with anti-adhesion rates greater than 60%. After the wax gel layer was peeled off, the anti-algae and antibacterial rates were greater than 99.9%.

[0101] (9) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was subjected to a simulated barnacle test, and its removal strength was about 18 kPa;

[0102] (10) The wax gel coating obtained in step (4) was placed in the waters of Xiamen Dalipu Island for more than 3 months. Compared with the substrate surface coated with only anti-corrosion paint, the coating fell off and the surface anti-biofouling performance was poor.

[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a marine antifouling coating, characterized in that: A coating containing a mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer material is formed on a substrate, wherein the mutually incompatible binary amorphous composite polymer material is prepared by immersing a polymer elastomer in a wax melt at 80-120° C. for 5-12 hours and then cooling the wax melt, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) pre-treating the surface of the substrate, and then sequentially constructing a primer layer and a connecting layer on the substrate; (2) constructing the polymer elastomer on the connecting layer; (3) Soaking the polymer elastomer together with the substrate in a wax melt at 80-120°C for 5-12 hours and then cooling the wax melt to obtain the product; The polymer elastomer is polydimethylsiloxane, polyethyl silicone resin, polyaryl silicone resin or polyurethane, and the wax melt is from at least one of paraffin wax, mineral wax, polyether wax, beeswax and wool wax.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the base coating is Anke nano anti-rust varnish DTM-SS17 or ergo 7300 epoxy resin glue; the material of the connecting layer is Dow Corning PR-1200.

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