A hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of earthwork mining, and discloses a hydraulic splitting device for stonework engineering, including a hydraulic pump body and several groups of splitting rods connected to each other, and also includes: a support assembly, which is symmetrically installed on the top of the uppermost splitting rod for the hydraulic pump body to provide pressure to the splitting rod; an adjustment mechanism, which is arranged inside the splitting rod for connecting with the oil circuit of an adjacent group of splitting rods. The above scheme allows hydraulic oil to enter cavity two from channel one and push elastic piston rod one to move, thereby squeezing the upper part of the inner wall of the rock and causing it to split first. At the same time, the movement of elastic piston rod one will also drive the movement of the shaft body, and move the elastic convex shaft along the horizontal groove to the connection with the slide groove, so that several groups of elastic piston rods one are pushed out in sequence from top to bottom, thereby avoiding the situation that multiple groups of elastic piston rods one are pushed out at the same time to share the pressure, so that the hydraulic pump body needs to provide higher pressure and cause oil circuit leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of earth and stone mining, in particular to a hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering. Background Art

[0002] In the field of earthwork mining technology, with the acceleration of urbanization and the large-scale development of infrastructure construction, the demand for earthwork has risen sharply. At the same time, the traditional shallow earthwork resources are decreasing, and mining operations are gradually extending to deep layers and areas with complex geological conditions. Since the hardness and integrity of deep rocks are higher, hydraulic splitting rods can effectively break rocks in deep mining with their strong splitting force and adaptability to improve mining efficiency.

[0003] For example, the invention with publication number CN117189106A relates to the field of rock mining technology and provides a hydraulic splitting rod. The hydraulic splitting rod is connected to a hydraulic system through a power assembly arranged on the top of the rod shell, and the hydraulic system is used to supply oil to the power assembly, so as to squeeze the push plate and the threaded rod in the push assembly to move downward, and push the hydraulic top block out from the inside of the end cover, thereby realizing the rock splitting and mining operation, and cooperating with the splitting block to reduce the contact area with the rock and accelerate the splitting speed. After the splitting is completed, the power assembly is depressurized, so that the hydraulic top block is reset under the action of the first spring, the second spring and the third spring, so as to achieve continuous use performance, without the need to fill the entire splitting rod with hydraulic oil to provide power, and without the need to ensure the sealing performance of the entire oil pipeline.

[0004] Although the above scheme can supply oil to the power assembly through the hydraulic system, and there is no need to fill the entire splitting rod with hydraulic oil to provide power, and there is no need to ensure the sealing performance of the entire oil pipeline. However, in the actual working process, the pressure provided by the power system will be dispersed by several groups of pushing components, resulting in a decrease in the pressure provided by each group of hydraulic top blocks. At this time, in order to increase the pressure of the hydraulic top block, the pressure of the hydraulic system and the power assembly needs to be increased exponentially, further increasing the pressure of the oil circuit in the device, which makes it more likely to cause oil circuit leakage. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering, which solves the problem that excessive pressure provided by the hydraulic system may cause leakage in the splitting rod oil circuit.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering, comprising a hydraulic pump body and a plurality of groups of splitting rods connected to each other, and further comprising: a support assembly symmetrically mounted on the top of the uppermost splitting rod for the hydraulic pump body to provide pressure to the splitting rod; an adjustment mechanism arranged inside the splitting rod for communicating with the oil circuit of an adjacent group of splitting rods;

[0007] The splitting rod comprises a rod body and a channel 1 opened at the top of the rod body, and a channel 2 is opened at the bottom of the other rod bodies except the rod body at the bottom, and the bottom end of the channel 2 is connected with the channel 1 on the adjacent group of rod bodies, and an elastic piston rod 1 is elastically supported in the rod body, and one end of the elastic piston rod 1 extends to the outside of the rod body, and a cavity 2 is formed between the end of the elastic piston rod 1 close to the channel 1 and the inner wall of the rod body;

[0008] Except for the elastic piston rod located in the bottom rod body, one end of the elastic piston rod close to the adjustment mechanism is fixedly connected with a shaft body;

[0009] The shaft body is movably sleeved with a sleeve located inside the splitting rod, the sleeve is provided with a guide groove in a circumferential array, a spring assembly in a compressed state is provided between the outer circumference of the sleeve and the inner wall of the rod body, a valve core for separating the second channel is movably installed inside the rod body, a through hole 1 is provided on the valve core, a transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the sleeve, and the transmission assembly is also transmission-connected to the valve core;

[0010] The shaft body also elastically supports an elastic convex shaft with one end capable of sliding in the guide groove;

[0011] The guide groove includes an oblique groove, a sliding groove and a horizontal groove with equal depths, which are interconnected. The depth of the connection between the oblique groove and the horizontal groove is greater than the depth of the other parts of the three. In the initial state, one end of the elastic convex shaft is located at the connection between the oblique groove and the horizontal groove.

[0012] Preferably, except for the topmost rod body, the top of the other elastic piston rods are fixedly connected with a top block;

[0013] Except for the rods at the bottom, the other rods are elastically supported by spring rods, and the bottom ends of the spring rods extend into a group of rods below and abut against the top blocks inside the rods;

[0014] Except for the elastic piston rods located in the bottom rod body, all other elastic piston rods are provided with a clamping groove that can be matched with the top end of the spring rod.

[0015] Preferably, the outward end of the elastic piston rod 1 is tapered; and ribs are symmetrically arranged on the rod body of the elastic piston rod 1.

[0016] Preferably, a sealing ring is fixedly connected in the rod body and movably sleeved on the outside of the shaft body;

[0017] The rod body is also fixedly connected with a cover body located at a side of the transmission component away from the clockwork component.

[0018] Preferably, a flange for limiting the position of the valve core in the axial direction is fixedly installed inside the rod body.

[0019] Preferably, the spring assembly comprises an annular block 1 movably clamped to the inside of the splitting rod and an annular block 2 movably clamped to the outside of the sleeve, and a spring body is fixedly connected between the annular block 1 and the annular block 2.

[0020] Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a frame body symmetrically and fixedly installed in the rod body, a plurality of gear members are movably installed between the two frames, and two adjacent gear members are meshed with each other;

[0021] The gear parts are respectively gear one, two sets of gear two and gear three from top to bottom. The gear one is movably connected to the outside of the sleeve, and the gear three is movably connected to the outside of the valve core.

[0022] Preferably, all of the rod bodies except the rod body at the top are fixedly connected with elastic scrapers, and the projection of the top block in the moving direction overlaps with the elastic scraper.

[0023] Preferably, a cavity 1 is formed at the top of the rod body at the top;

[0024] The support assembly includes a piston cylinder fixedly connected to the rod body, and a through hole 2 is opened on the top of the piston cylinder, and an elastic piston rod 2 is elastically connected in the piston cylinder, and the elastic piston rod 2 has a tendency to move upward, and a pipe 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic piston rod 2, and the other end of the pipe 1 is connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump body, and a pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the elastic piston rod 2, and the other end of the pipe 2 extends to the inside of the rod body and is connected to the channel 1 through the cavity 1;

[0025] In the initial state, one end of the second pipe is blocked by the second piston part of the elastic piston rod and is in a sealed state.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The above scheme allows hydraulic oil to enter cavity 2 from channel 1 and push elastic piston rod 1 to move, thereby squeezing the upper part of the inner wall of the rock and causing it to crack first. At the same time, the movement of elastic piston rod 1 will also drive the shaft body to move, and the elastic convex shaft will move along the horizontal groove to the connection with the slide groove. Subsequently, the sleeve will rotate under the action of the elastic force of the spring assembly, and the valve core will rotate through the transmission assembly, so that the middle part of channel 2 is connected. At this time, channel 2 is connected with channel 1 on the next group of rod bodies and the above operation is repeated to push elastic piston rod 1 to move, so that several groups of elastic piston rods 1 are pushed out from top to bottom in sequence, thereby avoiding the situation that multiple groups of elastic piston rods 1 are pushed out at the same time to share the pressure, so that the hydraulic pump body needs to provide higher pressure and cause oil leakage;

[0028] The above scheme not only pushes outward the elastic piston rod 1 located at the top, but also drives the top block to move and squeeze the upper group of spring rods upward, and makes the top of the spring rods snap into the slot, thereby fixing the upper group of elastic piston rods 1, thereby ensuring that when the subsequent elastic piston rod 1 is reset, the elastic piston rod 1 of the adjacent upper group can be retracted after the lower group of elastic piston rods 1 are retracted, thereby facilitating the next operation of the device;

[0029] The above scheme continues to operate the hydraulic pump body after the elastic piston rod 1 is fully reset. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the cavity 1 cannot be further extracted. At this time, the elastic piston rod 2 will move downward to seal one end of the pipeline 2, and will also squeeze the rock downward, and drive the entire device upward for a distance through the rod body, so as to avoid several groups of splitting rods being stuck in the split rock, and it is also convenient for the operator to take out the device later. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 An exploded view of the transmission assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 This is a front plan view of the splitting rod of the present invention penetrating into the rock.

[0040] In the figure: 1, splitting rod; 11, rod body; 111, cavity 1; 112, sealing ring; 113, cover body; 114, elastic scraper; 12, channel 1; 13, cavity 2; 14, channel 2; 15, elastic piston rod 1; 151, shaft body; 152, elastic convex shaft; 153, rib; 154, slot; 155, top block; 2, adjustment mechanism; 21, sleeve; 22, guide groove; 221, inclined groove; 222, slide groove; 223, horizontal groove ; 23. Spring assembly; 231. Ring block one; 232. Spring body; 233. Ring block two; 24. Transmission assembly; 241. Frame; 242. Gear one; 243. Gear two; 244. Gear three; 25. Valve core; 251. Through hole one; 252. Flange; 3. Spring rod; 4. Support assembly; 41. Piston cylinder; 411. Through hole two; 42. Elastic piston rod two; 43. Pipeline one; 44. Pipeline two; 5. Hydraulic pump body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering, comprising a hydraulic pump body 5 and a plurality of groups of splitting rods 1 connected to each other, and further comprising: a support assembly 4, which is symmetrically mounted on the top of the uppermost splitting rod 1 and is used for the hydraulic pump body 5 to provide pressure to the splitting rod 1; an adjustment mechanism 2, which is arranged inside the splitting rod 1 and is used for communicating with the oil circuit of an adjacent group of splitting rods 1;

[0043] The splitting rod 1 includes a rod body 11 and a channel 12 opened at the top of the rod body 11. Except for the rod body 11 located at the bottom, the bottoms of the other rod bodies 11 are all provided with a channel 14. The bottom end of the channel 14 is connected with the channel 12 on the adjacent group of rod bodies 11. An elastic piston rod 15 is also elastically supported in the rod body 11. One end of the elastic piston rod 15 extends to the outside of the rod body 11. A cavity 13 is formed between the end of the elastic piston rod 15 close to the channel 12 and the inner wall of the rod body 11.

[0044] In addition to the other elastic piston rods 15 located in the bottom rod body 11, one end close to the adjustment mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to a shaft body 151;

[0045] The shaft body 151 is movably sleeved with a sleeve 21 located inside the splitting rod 1, and a guide groove 22 is provided in a circumferential array on the sleeve 21. A spring assembly 23 in a compressed state is provided between the outer periphery of the sleeve 21 and the inner wall of the rod body 11. A valve core 25 for separating the second channel 14 is also movably installed inside the rod body 11, and a through hole 1 251 is provided on the valve core 25. A transmission assembly 24 is transmission-connected to the sleeve 21, and the transmission assembly 24 is also transmission-connected to the valve core 25.

[0046] The shaft body 151 also elastically supports an elastic protruding shaft 152 whose end can slide in the guide groove 22;

[0047] The guide groove 22 includes an inclined groove 221, a sliding groove 222 and a horizontal groove 223 with equal depths, which are interconnected. The depth of the connection between the inclined groove 221 and the horizontal groove 223 is greater than the depth of the other parts of the three. In the initial state, one end of the elastic convex shaft 152 is located at the connection between the inclined groove 221 and the horizontal groove 223.

[0048] The outward end of the elastic piston rod 15 is tapered; the rod body of the elastic piston rod 15 is also symmetrically provided with ribs 153 for maintaining the stability of the elastic piston rod 15 in the circumferential direction when it moves;

[0049] A sealing ring 112 is fixedly connected to the rod body 11 and is movably sleeved on the outside of the shaft body 151. A cover body 113 is also fixedly connected to the rod body 11 and is located on the side of the transmission assembly 24 away from the clockwork assembly 23.

[0050] A flange 252 for limiting the position of the valve core 25 in the axial direction is also fixedly installed inside the rod body 11 .

[0051] By adopting the above scheme, the hydraulic oil enters the cavity 2 13 through the channel 12 and pushes the elastic piston rod 15 to move, thereby squeezing the upper part of the inner wall of the rock and causing it to crack first. At the same time, the movement of the elastic piston rod 15 will also drive the shaft body 151 to move, and the elastic convex shaft 152 will move along the horizontal groove 223 to the connection with the slide groove 222. Then, under the action of the elastic force of the spring assembly 23, the sleeve 21 will rotate, and the valve core 25 will rotate through the transmission assembly 24, so that the middle part of the channel 2 14 is connected. At this time, the channel 2 14 is connected with the channel 12 on the next group of rod bodies 11, and the above operation is repeated to push the elastic piston rod 15 to move, so that several groups of elastic piston rods 15 are pushed out from top to bottom in sequence, thereby avoiding the situation that multiple groups of elastic piston rods 15 are pushed out at the same time to disperse the pressure, so that the hydraulic pump body 5 needs to provide a higher pressure and cause oil leakage.

[0052] It is worth mentioning that the outward end of the elastic piston rod 15 is designed to be conical. Therefore, when a group of elastic piston rods 15 are pushed outward, they can also cut the rock, so that the rock can be broken from that point, avoiding the situation where a single group of elastic piston rods 15 needs to split the entire rock and requires excessive pressure.

[0053] like Figure 2-Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, except for the topmost rod body 11, the tops of the other elastic piston rods 15 are fixedly connected with a top block 155;

[0054] Except for the rods 11 at the bottom, the other rods 11 are elastically supported with spring rods 3, and the bottom ends of the spring rods 3 extend into the rods 11 below and abut against the top blocks 155 inside the rods 11.

[0055] Except for the elastic piston rod 15 located in the bottom rod body 11, all other elastic piston rods 15 are provided with a slot 154 that can be engaged with the top end of the spring rod 3;

[0056] By adopting the above scheme, in addition to the elastic piston rod 15 located at the top being pushed outward, the elastic piston rod 15 will also drive the top block 155 to move and squeeze the upper group of spring rods 3 upward, and make the top end of the spring rod 3 snap into the slot 154, thereby fixing the upper group of elastic piston rods 15, thereby ensuring that when the subsequent elastic piston rod 15 is reset, the elastic piston rod 15 of the adjacent upper group can be retracted only after the lower group of elastic piston rods 15 are retracted, thereby facilitating the next operation of the device.

[0057] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the spring assembly 23 includes an annular block 1 231 movably clamped inside the splitting rod 1 and an annular block 233 movably clamped outside the sleeve 21, and a spring body 232 is fixedly connected between the annular block 1 231 and the annular block 233;

[0058] By adopting the above solution, the overall design of the clockwork assembly 23 facilitates the installation and disassembly of the clockwork assembly 23 as a whole.

[0059] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the transmission assembly 24 includes a frame 241 symmetrically and fixedly installed in the rod body 11, and a plurality of gears are movably installed between the two frames 241, and two adjacent gears are meshed with each other;

[0060] The gear parts are respectively gear 1 242, two sets of gear 2 243 and gear 3 244 from top to bottom. Gear 1 242 is movably connected to the outside of sleeve 21, and gear 3 244 is movably connected to the outside of valve core 25.

[0061] By adopting the above solution, the design of each gear part facilitates the installation and disassembly of the transmission assembly 24 as a whole. At the same time, due to the cooperation of the gear parts, the stability of the transmission between the sleeve 21 and the valve core 25 is also guaranteed.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the remaining rods 11 except the rod 11 at the top are all fixedly connected with elastic scrapers 114, and the projection of the top block 155 in the moving direction overlaps with the elastic scraper 114;

[0063] By adopting the above scheme, through the design of the elastic scraper 114, when the elastic piston rod 15 is reset, the elastic piston rod 15 can effectively scrape off the dust and rock particles above the top block 155, thereby ensuring that the top block 155 can play a good squeezing effect on the spring rod 3.

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, a cavity 111 is formed at the top of the rod body 11;

[0065] The support assembly 4 includes a piston cylinder 41 fixedly connected to the rod body 11, and a through hole 2 411 is opened on the top of the piston cylinder 41, an elastic piston rod 2 42 is elastically connected in the piston cylinder 41, and the elastic piston rod 2 42 has a tendency to move upward, a pipe 1 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic piston rod 2 42, and the other end of the pipe 1 43 is connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump body 5, and a pipe 2 44 is fixedly connected to the middle of the elastic piston rod 2 42, and the other end of the pipe 2 44 extends to the inside of the rod body 11 and is connected to the channel 1 12 through the cavity 1 111;

[0066] In the initial state, one end of the second pipe 44 is blocked by the piston portion of the second elastic piston rod 42 and is in a sealed state;

[0067] By adopting the above scheme, the hydraulic pump body 5 continues to operate after the elastic piston rod 15 is fully reset. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the cavity 111 cannot be further extracted. At this time, the elastic piston rod 42 will move downward to block one end of the pipeline 44, and will also squeeze the rock downward, and drive the entire device upward for a distance through the rod body 11, so as to avoid several groups of splitting rods 1 from being stuck in the split rock, and at the same time, it is convenient for the operator to take out the device later.

[0068] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0069] First, the operator drills a deep hole in the rock using a drilling device, and then the device is placed in the deep hole so that the bottom of the support assembly 4 contacts the rock and supports the entire device;

[0070] During the splitting process, the hydraulic pump body 5 is operated and hydraulic oil is first input into the topmost splitting rod 1 through the support assembly 4. The hydraulic oil at the hydraulic pump body 5 will enter the bottom of the elastic piston rod 42 through the pipe 1 43 and push the elastic piston rod 42 upward. Relatively, the splitting rod 1 will go deeper into the deep hole. When the bottom end of the elastic piston rod 42 shrinks into the splitting rod 1, the pipe 1 43 is connected to the pipe 2 44 through the elastic piston rod 42. At this time, the hydraulic oil will enter the channel 1 12 through the pipe 2 44 and the cavity 1 111.

[0071] The hydraulic oil enters the cavity 2 13 through the channel 12 and pushes the elastic piston rod 15 to move, thereby squeezing the upper part of the inner wall of the rock and causing it to crack first. At the same time, the movement of the elastic piston rod 15 will also drive the shaft body 151 to move, and the elastic convex shaft 152 will move along the horizontal groove 223 to the connection with the slide groove 222. Then, under the action of the elastic force of the spring assembly 23, the sleeve 21 will rotate, and the valve core 25 will rotate through the transmission assembly 24, so that the middle part of the channel 2 14 is connected. At this time, the channel 2 14 is connected with the channel 12 on the next group of rod bodies 11 and the above operation is repeated to push the elastic piston rod 15 to move, so that several groups of elastic piston rods 15 are pushed out from top to bottom in sequence.

[0072] In addition to the elastic piston rod 15 at the top being pushed outward, the elastic piston rod 15 will also drive the top block 155 to move and squeeze the upper group of spring rods 3 upward, and make the top end of the spring rod 3 snap into the slot 154, thereby fixing the upper group of elastic piston rods 15;

[0073] During resetting, since the rest of the elastic piston rods 15 except the elastic piston rod 15 at the bottom are fixed by the corresponding spring rods 3, the hydraulic pump body 5 is operated and the hydraulic oil is extracted through the plurality of groups of channels 12, cavities 2 13 and channels 2 14, so that the elastic piston rod 15 at the bottom will be reset first and withdrawn into the corresponding rod body 11, and at the same time, the top block 155 on the elastic piston rod 15 will also be reset and release the contact with the upper group of spring rods 3, so that the spring rods 3 will be reset under their own elastic force and detach from the corresponding ribs 153, and then the corresponding group of elastic piston rods 15 will also be reset, and the operation will be cyclically performed in sequence until all the elastic piston rods 15 are reset;

[0074] When the elastic piston rod 15 is reset, the shaft body 151 drives the elastic convex shaft 152 to move along the inclined groove 221 to the connection with the horizontal groove 223. At the same time, the reset of the elastic piston rod 15 will also reset the corresponding valve core 25 and isolate the middle part of the corresponding group of channels 2 14 to facilitate the next use of the device.

[0075] After the elastic piston rod 15 is completely reset, the hydraulic pump body 5 continues to operate. Since the hydraulic oil in the cavity 111 cannot be further extracted, the elastic piston rod 2 42 will move downward to block one end of the pipeline 2 44, and will also squeeze the rock downward, and drive the entire device upward for a distance through the rod body 11, so as to avoid several groups of splitting rods 1 from being stuck in the split rock.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering, comprising a hydraulic pump body (5) and a plurality of groups of interconnected splitting rods (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A support assembly (4) symmetrically mounted on the top of the uppermost splitting rod (1) and used for the hydraulic pump body (5) to provide pressure to the splitting rod (1); An adjusting mechanism (2) is arranged inside the splitting rod (1) and is used for communicating with the oil passages of an adjacent group of splitting rods (1); The splitting rod (1) comprises a rod body (11) and a channel 1 (12) opened at the top of the rod body (11); except for the rod body (11) located at the bottom, the bottoms of the other rod bodies (11) are all opened with a channel 2 (14); the bottom end of the channel 2 (14) is connected with the channel 1 (12) on an adjacent group of rod bodies (11); an elastic piston rod 1 (15) is elastically supported in the rod body (11); one end of the elastic piston rod 1 (15) extends to the outside of the rod body (11); and a cavity 2 (13) is formed between the end of the elastic piston rod 1 (15) close to the channel 1 (12) and the inner wall of the rod body (11); Except for the elastic piston rod (15) located in the bottom rod body (11), one end of the elastic piston rod (15) close to the adjustment mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to a shaft body (151); The shaft body (151) is movably sleeved with a sleeve (21) located inside the splitting rod (1), the sleeve (21) is provided with guide grooves (22) in a circumferential array, a spring assembly (23) in a compressed state is provided between the outer periphery of the sleeve (21) and the inner wall of the rod body (11), a valve core (25) for separating the second channel (14) is also movably installed inside the rod body (11), a through hole (251) is provided on the valve core (25), a transmission assembly (24) is transmission-connected to the sleeve (21), and the transmission assembly (24) is also transmission-connected to the valve core (25); The shaft body (151) also elastically supports an elastic convex shaft (152) having one end capable of sliding in the guide groove (22); The guide groove (22) comprises an inclined groove (221), a sliding groove (222) and a horizontal groove (223) with equal depths, the three being interconnected, the depth of the connection between the inclined groove (221) and the horizontal groove (223) being greater than the depth of the other parts of the three, and in an initial state, one end of the elastic convex shaft (152) is located at the connection between the inclined groove (221) and the horizontal groove (223); A sealing ring (112) is fixedly connected inside the rod body (11) and is movably sleeved on the outside of the shaft body (151); The rod body (11) is also fixedly connected to a cover body (113) located on a side of the transmission assembly (24) away from the clockwork assembly (23); A flange (252) for limiting the position of the valve core (25) in the axial direction is also fixedly mounted inside the rod body (11); The transmission assembly (24) comprises a frame body (241) symmetrically and fixedly mounted inside the rod body (11), a plurality of gear members are movably mounted between two of the frame bodies (241), and two adjacent gear members are meshed with each other; The gear parts are respectively gear one (242), two sets of gear two (243) and gear three (244) from top to bottom. The gear one (242) is movably clamped to the outside of the sleeve (21), and the gear three (244) is movably clamped to the outside of the valve core (25).

2. The hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Except for the one located in the topmost rod body (11), the upper parts of the other elastic piston rods (15) are all fixedly connected with a top block (155); Except for the rod bodies (11) at the bottom, the other rod bodies (11) are elastically supported with spring rods (3) inside, and the bottom ends of the spring rods (3) extend into a group of rod bodies (11) below and abut against the top blocks (155) inside the rod bodies (11); Except for the one located in the bottom rod body (11), all other elastic piston rods (15) are provided with a slot (154) that can be engaged with the top end of the spring rod (3).

3. The hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outward end of the elastic piston rod (15) is tapered; Ribs (153) are also symmetrically arranged on the rod body portion of the elastic piston rod 1 (15).

4. The hydraulic splitting device for stonework engineering according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The spring assembly (23) comprises an annular block 1 (231) movably clamped inside the splitting rod (1) and an annular block 2 (233) movably clamped outside the sleeve (21), and a spring body (232) is fixedly connected between the annular block 1 (231) and the annular block 2 (233).

5. The hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Elastic scrapers (114) are fixedly connected to the remaining rod bodies (11) except the rod body (11) at the top, and the projection of the top block (155) in the moving direction overlaps with the elastic scraper (114).

6. The hydraulic splitting device for stone engineering according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The top of the rod body (11) located at the top is provided with a cavity 1 (111); The support assembly (4) comprises a piston cylinder (41) fixedly connected to the rod body (11), and a second through hole (411) is opened at the top of the piston cylinder (41), a second elastic piston rod (42) is elastically connected inside the piston cylinder (41), and the second elastic piston rod (42) has a tendency to move upward, a first pipe (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second elastic piston rod (42), and the other end of the first pipe (43) is connected to the output end of the hydraulic pump body (5), and a second pipe (44) is fixedly connected to the middle of the second elastic piston rod (42), and the other end of the second pipe (44) extends to the inside of the rod body (11) and is connected to the first channel (12) through the first cavity (111); In the initial state, one end of the second pipe (44) is blocked by the piston part of the second elastic piston rod (42) and is in a sealed state.

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