A bridge structure strength testing device

Abstract

A vehicle bridge structure strength testing device relates to the technical field of performance testing of automobile structural components, including a C-shaped positioning seat, the C-shaped positioning seat is set with a lateral opening, a test table is fixedly connected to the lateral inner wall of the C-shaped positioning seat, the test table is a horizontally arranged square table, an extension support table is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the test table, a compression test component is provided on the C-shaped positioning seat, a torsion and tensile strength test component is provided on the test table, a multi-point bending test component is provided on the extension support table, and a plurality of vertical support plates are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the test table and the extension support table, respectively. The present invention solves the problems that the performance test table in the traditional technology has a single test function and is difficult to adapt to the diversified performance test requirements of the vehicle bridge when used for the structural strength test of the vehicle bridge, the vehicle bridge is inconvenient to clamp and switch in different performance test links, and the vehicle bridge has a single test position and is not easy to adjust in the same performance test link.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of performance testing of automobile structural components, and in particular to a vehicle axle structure strength testing device. Background Art

[0002] The axle of a car is connected to the frame (or load-bearing body) through the suspension, and wheels are installed at both ends. The function of the axle is to bear the load of the car and maintain the normal driving of the car on the road.

[0003] According to the different driving modes, axles can be divided into four types: steering axles, drive axles, steering drive axles and supporting axles. Although different automobile axles have different functions, they are basically similar in structure. They all include components such as the main reducer, differential, axle housing, intermediate axle housing and half-axle sleeves. These structural components are then fixed together by welding to form an integral automobile axle.

[0004] As mentioned above, since most automobile axles have poor integrity, they are composed of multiple structural components that are welded and assembled together after being processed separately, and the axles need to withstand loads of different sizes during operation, which requires the axles to have sufficient structural strength to maintain the normal operation of the car. Therefore, for automobile axles produced in large quantities in workshops, testing the structural strength of the axles is a necessary step in inspecting the quality of the finished products.

[0005] Since the automobile axle is essentially a transmission support mechanism and is fixed to the frame through a suspension, it will bear a variety of different loads during driving. Therefore, when testing its structural strength, it is also necessary to test the bending performance, compression performance, shear performance and tensile performance of the axle. Due to the irregularity of the shape of the automobile axle, the following problems are generally encountered when using existing testing machines to test its various performances:

[0006] 1. The single test function requires that various performance tests of the axle be conducted separately on multiple test devices, which makes it difficult to adapt to the diverse performance test requirements of the axle, increases the time cost of the test, and reduces the test efficiency.

[0007] 2. The problem of inconvenient clamping and switching of the axle in different performance test stages.

[0008] 3. In the same performance test phase, the test position of the axle is difficult to adjust, making it difficult to form multiple groups of comparisons.

[0009] In summary, the prior art obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an axle structure strength testing device to solve the problems that the performance test bench in the traditional technology has a single testing function and is difficult to adapt to the diversified performance testing requirements of the axle, the axle is inconvenient to clamp and switch in different performance testing links, and the test position of the axle is single and difficult to adjust in the same performance testing link when it is used for automobile axle structure strength testing.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A vehicle bridge structure strength testing device comprises a C-shaped positioning seat, the C-shaped positioning seat is arranged with a lateral opening, a test workbench is fixedly connected to the lateral inner wall of the C-shaped positioning seat, the test workbench is a horizontally arranged square table, an extended support table is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the test workbench, a compression test assembly is provided on the C-shaped positioning seat, a torsion and tensile strength test assembly is provided on the test workbench, a multi-point bending test assembly is provided on the extended support table, and a plurality of vertical support plates are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the test workbench and the extended support table, respectively.

[0013] As an optimized solution, a lifting avoidance opening is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the test workbench, and a symmetrical first connecting opening and a second connecting opening are respectively provided on the upper surface of the test workbench, and the first connecting opening and the second connecting opening are laterally arranged on both sides of the lifting avoidance opening. The torsional strength test assembly includes a first slide seat and a second slide seat, and the first slide seat and the second slide seat are both U-shaped seats with the opening facing downward, and the first slide seat is slidably mounted in the first connecting opening, and the second slide seat is slidably mounted in the second connecting opening.

[0014] As an optimized solution, a torsion clamping seat is provided on the first slide seat, and the torsion clamping seat is a cylindrical seat with openings at both ends. An annular groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the torsion clamping seat. The upper surface of the first slide seat is fixedly connected to a limit frame along the longitudinal direction, and the limit frame is a U-shaped frame with the opening facing downward, and the inner circle of the limit frame is clamped in the annular groove.

[0015] As an optimized solution, a laterally extending fixed connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limit frame, and strain sensors are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the lower surface of the fixed connecting plate.

[0016] As an optimized solution, a plurality of arc-shaped clamping plates are telescopically provided on the inner peripheral wall of the torsion clamping seat, and a stress sensor is provided on the inner side of each of the arc-shaped clamping plates.

[0017] As an optimized solution, two symmetrical vertical clamping plates are laterally fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the first slide seat, a rotating driving wheel is provided between the two vertical clamping plates, and the upper end of the rotating driving wheel passes through the first slide seat and abuts against the annular groove.

[0018] As an optimized solution, a rotary drive motor is fixedly connected to the transverse outer wall of each vertical clamping plate, and the output shaft end of the rotary drive motor passes through the vertical clamping plate and is fixedly connected to the center of the side end surface of the rotary drive wheel.

[0019] As an optimized solution, a steering clamping seat is provided on the second sliding seat, and the steering clamping seat and the torsion clamping seat are at the same clamping level. The steering clamping seat is a square frame seat with openings at both ends, and a plurality of centrally symmetrical square positioning plates are telescopically provided on the circumferential inner wall of the steering clamping seat.

[0020] As an optimized solution, a steering drive motor is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the second slide seat, and the output shaft end of the steering drive motor passes through the second slide seat upward and is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the steering clamping seat.

[0021] As an optimized solution, two laterally symmetrical laser rangefinders are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the test workbench, and the two laser rangefinders are at the same horizontal height and on the same central axis as the steering clamping seat and the torsion clamping seat.

[0022] As an optimized solution, a transmission mechanism is provided in the first connecting port, and the transmission mechanism includes a transmission drive motor, and the transmission drive motor is fixedly connected to the center of the lateral outer end surface of the test workbench. The end of the output shaft of the transmission drive motor extends into the first connecting port and is fixedly connected to a main transmission wheel. Two longitudinally parallel driving threaded rods are rotatably provided in the first connecting port, and the two ends of each of the driving threaded rods are respectively rotatably supported on the lateral inner wall of the first connecting port, and a driven wheel is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the driving threaded rod near the end, and the driven wheel is engaged with the main transmission wheel for transmission.

[0023] As an optimized solution, the same transmission mechanism is also provided in the second communication port.

[0024] As an optimized solution, the two driving threaded rods located in the first connecting port pass through transversely and are threadedly connected to the lower ends of the first slide seat, and the two driving threaded rods located in the second connecting port pass through transversely and are threadedly connected to the lower ends of the second slide seat.

[0025] As an optimized solution, the compression test assembly includes two electric control boxes that are symmetrical in the upper and lower directions, one of which is fixed on the inner top surface of the C-shaped positioning seat, and the other is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the C-shaped positioning seat. A vertical hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixed on each of the electric control boxes, and a horizontal clamping chuck is fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder. The clamping chuck is telescopically arranged in the lifting and lowering avoidance port, and a pressure sensor is provided on each of the clamping chucks.

[0026] As an optimized solution, a longitudinally extending sliding mounting opening is provided on the upper surface of the extension support platform, and the multi-point bending test assembly includes a movable frame, which is mounted in the sliding mounting opening, and a square driving seat is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the movable frame, and a sliding driving motor is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the extension support platform, and the output shaft end of the sliding driving motor passes through the extension support platform and is fixedly connected to a longitudinal threaded screw, and the longitudinal threaded screw passes through and is threadedly connected to the square driving seat.

[0027] As an optimized solution, a stepper motor is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the moving frame, the output shaft end of the stepper motor passes upward through the moving frame and is fixedly connected to a steering square seat, and the upper surface of the steering square seat is respectively fixedly connected to a first rail and a second rail that are arranged in parallel and extend laterally, the first rail and the second rail are both C-shaped rails with side openings, and the openings of the first rail and the second rail are in opposite directions.

[0028] As an optimized solution, a horizontal fixed square column is fixedly connected to the middle part of the first rail, and a horizontal displacement telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to each lateral outer end face of the fixed square column. The telescopic end of the displacement telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to a movable square column, and the end of the movable square column is slidably mounted in the first rail.

[0029] As an optimized solution, a double-output shaft motor is provided between the second rail and the first rail, and the double-output shaft motor is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the second rail. Two symmetrical sliding connecting ports are laterally opened on the upper edge of the second rail. The two sliding connecting ports are respectively arranged on both sides of the double-output shaft motor. A sliding square column is respectively provided in each sliding connecting port. A transverse threaded screw is respectively fixedly connected to the end of each output shaft of the double-output shaft motor. The two transverse threaded screws respectively pass through and are threadedly connected to the two sliding square columns.

[0030] As an optimized solution, a horizontal electrically-controlled telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the transverse outer end face of each sliding square column, and an extension square column is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of each electrically-controlled telescopic cylinder. The end of the extension square column is slidably mounted in the second rail.

[0031] As an optimized solution, bending sensors are fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end faces of the fixed square column, the movable square column, the sliding square column and the extended square column respectively.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The present invention provides a compression test assembly, a torsional tensile strength test assembly and a multi-point bending test assembly for testing various performance indicators of the axle, so that the compressive strength, shear strength, tensile strength and bending strength tests of the axle can be completed simultaneously on one device. By increasing the functional diversity of the device, the transfer time in the axle testing link is reduced, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0034] The compression test assembly and torsional tensile strength test assembly provided in the present invention have both performance testing and clamping and positioning functions, and can adaptively switch between the two functions according to the actual test items. Specifically, during the compression strength test, the torsional tensile strength test assembly can be used to clamp and position the automobile axle, and during the torsional tensile strength test, the compression test assembly can be used to clamp and position the automobile axle.

[0035] The compression test assembly of the present invention can realize the compression strength test of the automobile axle. Specifically, during the compression test, the axle can be moved to the middle of the C-shaped positioning seat by driving the first slide and the second slide to move synchronously, and then the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders are controlled to extend respectively to drive the two clamping chucks to squeeze various parts of the axle from the upper and lower sides to test its compression strength. During the squeezing process, the pressure sensor can convert the pressure and deformation amount borne by the axle into electrical signal output.

[0036] The torsion-tensile strength test assembly provided in the present invention can simultaneously realize the tensile strength and shear strength tests of the automobile axle. Specifically, the torsion-tensile strength test assembly includes a first slide and a second slide. The first slide is provided with a circumferentially rotating torsion clamping seat, and the second slide is provided with a horizontally steering clamping seat. In the tensile strength test, the torsion clamping seat and the steering clamping seat are used to clamp the two sides of the axle, and then the first slide is driven to slide along the first connecting port and the second slide is driven along the second connecting port respectively to perform transverse stretching on the axle to test its compressive strength. In the shear strength test, the torsion clamping seat and the steering clamping seat are also used to clamp the axle from both sides, and then the rotary drive motor is started to drive the rotary drive wheel to rotate to drive the torsion clamping seat as a whole to rotate around the axis to provide torque during the shear test, and the shear strength is tested using a strain sensor.

[0037] The multi-point bending test assembly provided in the present invention can test the bending strength of the axle from the side, and drive the steering square seat to rotate through a stepper motor to realize the switching of the two test modes of three-point bending test and four-point bending test, and use the bending sensor to measure the stress borne by the axle when bending.

[0038] When conducting a compression test, the compression test position of the axle is changed by synchronously driving the first slide and the second slide to move, thereby driving the clamped axle to move as a whole; during the tensile and shear tests, the axle can be first clamped and fixed with a clamping chuck, and then the first slide and the second slide can be driven to move respectively to change the position of the torsion clamp and the steering clamp relative to the axle; during the multi-point bending test, the positions of the sliding square column, the moving square column and the extended square column can be changed by driving the transverse threaded rod to rotate, controlling the displacement telescopic cylinder and the electric control telescopic cylinder to extend and retract respectively through the double-output shaft motor, thereby realizing the adjustment of the bending test points and achieving the effect of multiple groups of comparisons. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of each component in the present invention in the main viewing direction;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of each component in the present invention in a top view direction;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of each component in the present invention in the side view direction;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of the present invention in the main viewing direction;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of the present invention in a top view;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of the present invention in a side view direction;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the multi-point bending test assembly in the present invention in the main viewing direction.

[0047] In the figure: 1-C-type positioning seat, 2-test workbench, 3-extension support table, 4-vertical support plate, 5-electric control box, 6-hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 7-clamping chuck, 8-pressure sensor, 9-lifting avoidance port, 10-first connecting port, 11-second connecting port, 12-transmission drive motor, 13-main transmission wheel, 14-driving threaded rod, 15-driven wheel, 16-first slide seat, 17-second slide seat, 18-torsion clamping seat, 19-annular groove, 20-limiting frame, 21-fixed connecting plate, 22-strain sensor, 23-arc clamping plate, 24-stress sensor, 25-vertical clamping plate, 26-rotation drive Wheel, 27-rotation drive motor, 28-steering clamping seat, 29-square positioning plate, 30-steering drive motor, 31-laser rangefinder, 32-sliding card port, 33-moving square frame, 34-square drive seat, 35-sliding drive motor, 36-longitudinal threaded screw, 37-stepping motor, 38-steering square seat, 39-first card rail, 40-second card rail, 41-fixed square column, 42-displacement telescopic cylinder, 43-moving square column, 44-double-output shaft motor, 45-sliding connecting port, 46-sliding square column, 47-transverse threaded screw, 48-electrically controlled telescopic cylinder, 49-expanded square column, 50-bending sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a vehicle bridge structure strength testing device comprises a C-shaped positioning seat 1, the C-shaped positioning seat 1 is arranged with a lateral opening, a test workbench 2 is fixedly connected to the lateral inner wall of the C-shaped positioning seat 1, the test workbench 2 is a horizontally arranged square table, an extension support platform 3 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the test workbench 2, a compression test component is provided on the C-shaped positioning seat 1, a torsion and tensile strength test component is provided on the test workbench 2, a multi-point bending test component is provided on the extension support platform 3, and a plurality of vertical support plates 4 are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the test workbench 2 and the extension support platform 3, respectively.

[0050] The compression test assembly includes two electric control boxes 5 which are symmetrical in upper and lower directions, wherein one of the electric control boxes 5 is fixed on the inner top surface of the C-shaped positioning seat 1, and the other electric control box 5 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the C-shaped positioning seat 1. A vertical hydraulic telescopic cylinder 6 is fixed on each electric control box 5, and a horizontal clamping chuck 7 is fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 6, and each clamping chuck 7 is provided with a pressure sensor 8.

[0051] A lifting avoidance opening 9 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the test workbench 2 .

[0052] A first communication opening 10 and a second communication opening 11 are symmetrically formed on the upper surface of the test workbench 2 . The first communication opening 10 and the second communication opening 11 are laterally disposed on both sides of the lifting avoidance opening 9 .

[0053] A transmission mechanism is provided in the first connecting port 10, and the transmission mechanism includes a transmission drive motor 12. The transmission drive motor 12 is fixedly connected to the center of the lateral outer end surface of the test workbench 2. The end of the output shaft of the transmission drive motor 12 extends into the first connecting port 10 and is fixedly connected to a main transmission wheel 13. Two longitudinally parallel driving threaded rods 14 are rotatably provided in the first connecting port 10. The two ends of each driving threaded rod 14 are rotatably supported on the lateral inner wall of the first connecting port 10 respectively. A driven wheel 15 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the driving threaded rod 14 near the end, and the driven wheel 15 is engaged with the main transmission wheel 13 for transmission.

[0054] The second communication port 11 is also provided with a similar transmission mechanism.

[0055] The torsional strength test assembly includes a first slide 16 and a second slide 17. The first slide 16 and the second slide 17 are both U-shaped seats with openings facing downward. The first slide 16 is slidably mounted in the first connecting port 10, and the second slide 17 is slidably mounted in the second connecting port 11. The two driving threaded rods 14 located in the first connecting port 10 pass horizontally through and are threadedly connected to the lower ends of the first slide 16, and the two driving threaded rods 14 located in the second connecting port 11 pass horizontally through and are threadedly connected to the lower ends of the second slide 17.

[0056] A torsion clamping seat 18 is provided on the first slide 16. The torsion clamping seat 18 is a cylindrical seat with openings at both ends. An annular groove 19 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the torsion clamping seat 18. A limit frame 20 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first slide 16 along the longitudinal direction. The limit frame 20 is a U-shaped frame with the opening facing downward. The inner circle of the limit frame 20 is clamped in the annular groove 19.

[0057] A transversely extending fixed connecting plate 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limiting frame 20 , and strain sensors 22 are fixedly connected to both ends of the lower surface of the fixed connecting plate 21 .

[0058] A plurality of arc-shaped clamping plates 23 are telescopically provided on the inner peripheral wall of the torsion clamping seat 18 , and a stress sensor 24 is provided on the inner side of each arc-shaped clamping plate 23 .

[0059] Two symmetrical vertical clamping plates 25 are laterally fixedly connected to the upper edge of the inner top surface of the first slide 16 , and a rotating driving wheel 26 is provided between the two vertical clamping plates 25 . The upper end of the rotating driving wheel 26 passes through the first slide 16 and abuts against the annular groove 19 of the torsion clamping seat 18 .

[0060] A rotary drive motor 27 is fixedly connected to the transverse outer wall of each vertical clamping plate 25 , and the output shaft end of the rotary drive motor 27 passes through the vertical clamping plate 25 and is fixedly connected to the center of the side end surface of the rotary drive wheel 26 .

[0061] A steering clamping seat 28 is provided on the second slide 17. The steering clamping seat 28 and the torsion clamping seat 18 are at the same clamping level. The steering clamping seat 28 is a square frame seat with openings at both ends. A plurality of centrally symmetrical square positioning plates 29 are telescopically provided on the circumferential inner wall of the steering clamping seat 28.

[0062] A steering drive motor 30 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the second slide seat 17 . The output shaft end of the steering drive motor 30 passes through the second slide seat 17 upward and is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the steering clamp seat 28 .

[0063] Two laterally symmetrical laser rangefinders 31 are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the test workbench 2. The two laser rangefinders 31 are at the same level and on the same central axis as the steering clamping seat 28 and the torsion clamping seat 18.

[0064] A longitudinally extending sliding card opening 32 is opened on the upper surface of the extension support platform 3, and the multi-point bending test assembly includes a moving frame 33, which is card-mounted in the sliding card opening 32, and a square drive seat 34 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the moving frame 33, and a sliding drive motor 35 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the extension support platform 3. The end of the output shaft of the sliding drive motor 35 passes through the extension support platform 3 and is fixedly connected to a longitudinal threaded screw 36, and the longitudinal threaded screw 36 passes through and is threadedly connected to the square drive seat 34.

[0065] A stepper motor 37 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the moving frame 33, and the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor 37 passes upward through the moving frame 33 and is fixedly connected to a steering square seat 38. The upper surface of the steering square seat 38 is respectively fixedly connected with a first rail 39 and a second rail 40 which are arranged in parallel and extend laterally. The first rail 39 and the second rail 40 are both C-shaped rails with side openings, and the openings of the first rail 39 and the second rail 40 are in opposite directions.

[0066] A horizontal fixed square column 41 is fixedly connected to the middle of the first rail 39, and a horizontal displacement telescopic cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to each lateral outer end face of the fixed square column 41. A movable square column 43 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the displacement telescopic cylinder 42, and the end of the movable square column 43 is slidably mounted in the first rail 39.

[0067] A double-output shaft motor 44 is provided between the second rail 40 and the first rail 39. The double-output shaft motor 44 is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the second rail 40. Two symmetrical sliding connecting ports 45 are horizontally opened on the upper edge of the second rail 40. The two sliding connecting ports 45 are respectively arranged on both sides of the double-output shaft motor 44. A sliding square column 46 is respectively provided in each sliding connecting port 45. A transverse threaded screw 47 is respectively fixedly connected to the end of each output shaft of the double-output shaft motor 44. The two transverse threaded screws 47 respectively pass through and are threadedly connected to the two sliding square columns 46.

[0068] A horizontal electric telescopic cylinder 48 is fixedly connected to the transverse outer end surface of each sliding square column 46 , and an extension square column 49 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of each electric telescopic cylinder 48 . The end of the extension square column 49 is slidably mounted in the second rail 40 .

[0069] Bending sensors 50 are fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surfaces of the fixed square column 41 , the movable square column 43 , the sliding square column 46 and the extended square column 49 .

[0070] When the present invention is used: first, one end of the axle to be tested for structural strength is clamped on the steering clamping seat 28 and fixed by the square positioning plate 29; the steering drive motor 30 is started, and the steering drive motor 30 drives the steering clamping seat 28 to rotate 90° clockwise to switch it from the longitudinal clamping and feeding state to the transverse testing state; the two transmission drive motors 12 are started respectively, and through the transmission of the main transmission wheel 13 and the driven wheel 15, the two sets of driving threaded rods 14 are driven to rotate around the axis respectively, and then the first slide seat 16 is driven to slide transversely along the first connecting port 10 and the second slide seat 17 is driven transversely along the second connecting port 11, so that the other end of the axle is moved into the torsion clamping seat 18 and clamped and fixed by the arc clamping plate 23; when the axle compression test is performed, By driving the first slide 16 and the second slide 17 to move synchronously, the axle is moved into the C-shaped positioning seat 1, and the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders 6 are controlled to extend respectively, and the two clamping chucks 7 are driven to squeeze the various parts of the axle from the upper and lower sides to test its compressive strength. During the squeezing process, the pressure sensor 8 can convert the pressure and deformation amount borne by the axle into an electrical signal output; when performing the axle tensile test, firstly control the extension of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 6, and use the clamping chuck 7 to clamp the middle bridge shell part of the axle from the upper and lower sides; start the two transmission drive motors 12 respectively, so as to drive the first slide 16 and the second slide 17 to slide horizontally respectively, so as to adjust the positions of different tensile test points of the axle; release the clamping of the clamping chuck 7, and use the twisting clamping seat 18 and the rotating The two ends of the vehicle bridge are clamped by the clamping seat 28, and the transmission drive motor 12 is controlled to reverse, thereby driving the first slide 16 and the second slide 17 to slide away to provide a test tensile force. During the tensile test, the two laser rangefinders 31 can monitor the length change of the vehicle bridge in the tensile test in real time to obtain the tensile test data; during the shear test of the vehicle bridge, after the position is adjusted, the vehicle bridge is clamped from both sides by using the torsion clamping seat 18 and the steering clamping seat 28, and the rotation drive motor 27 is started. The rotation drive motor 27 drives the rotation drive wheel 26 to rotate, and then drives the torsion clamping seat 18 to rotate around the axis as a whole to provide torque during the shear test, and the strain sensor 22 can monitor and record the angle at which the vehicle bridge is twisted during the shear test; When performing a multi-point bending test, the axle is clamped and positioned using the torsion clamping seat 18, the steering clamping seat 28 and the clamping chuck 7 according to the setting of the bending points, the stepper motor 37 is started, and the stepper motor 37 drives the steering square seat 38 to rotate, and the switching between the three-point bending and four-point bending modes is achieved by changing the orientation of the first rail 39 or the second rail 40; the sliding drive motor 35 is started, and the sliding drive motor 35 drives the longitudinal threaded screw 36 to rotate, driving the moving frame 33 to move closer to the test workbench 2, and the bending test points of different square columns can be adjusted by starting the double-output shaft motor 44, controlling the displacement telescopic cylinder 42 and the electric control telescopic cylinder 48 to extend and retract, and the bending sensor 50 is used to measure the stress borne by the axle when it is bent.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle bridge structure strength testing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a C-shaped positioning seat (1), wherein the C-shaped positioning seat (1) is arranged with a lateral opening, a test table (2) is fixedly connected to the lateral inner side wall of the C-shaped positioning seat (1), the test table (2) is a horizontally arranged square table, an extension support table (3) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the test table (2), a compression test component is arranged on the C-shaped positioning seat (1), a torsion and tensile strength test component is arranged on the test table (2), and a multi-point bending test component is arranged on the extension support table (3), and a plurality of vertical support plates (4) are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the test table (2) and the extension support table (3); A lifting avoidance opening (9) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the test workbench (2); a symmetrical first communication opening (10) and a second communication opening (11) are respectively provided on the upper surface of the test workbench (2); the first communication opening (10) and the second communication opening (11) are arranged on both sides of the lifting avoidance opening (9) in a transverse direction; the torsion-tensile strength test assembly comprises a first slide seat (16) and a second slide seat (17); the first slide seat (16) and the second slide seat (17) are both U-shaped seats with openings facing downwards; the first slide seat (16) is slidably mounted in the first communication opening (10), and the second slide seat (17) is slidably mounted in the second communication opening (11); The first slide seat (16) is provided with a torsion clamping seat (18), the torsion clamping seat (18) is a cylindrical seat with openings at both ends, an annular groove (19) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the torsion clamping seat (18), the upper surface of the first slide seat (16) is fixedly connected to a limit frame (20) in the longitudinal direction, the limit frame (20) is a U-shaped frame with an opening facing downward, and the inner ring of the limit frame (20) is clamped in the annular groove (19); A transversely extending fixed connecting plate (21) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the limit frame (20), and strain sensors (22) are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the lower surface of the fixed connecting plate (21); A plurality of arc-shaped clamping plates (23) are telescopically provided on the inner peripheral wall of the torsion clamping seat (18), and a stress sensor (24) is provided on the inner side of each arc-shaped clamping plate (23); Two symmetrical vertical clamping plates (25) are fixedly connected laterally to the inner top surface of the first slide seat (16), a rotating driving wheel (26) is provided between the two vertical clamping plates (25), and the upper end of the rotating driving wheel (26) passes through the first slide seat (16) and abuts against the annular groove (19); A rotation drive motor (27) is fixedly connected to the transverse outer wall of each vertical clamping plate (25), and the output shaft end of the rotation drive motor (27) passes through the vertical clamping plate (25) and is fixedly connected to the center of the side end surface of the rotation drive wheel (26); A steering clamping seat (28) is provided on the second sliding seat (17), the steering clamping seat (28) and the torsion clamping seat (18) are at the same clamping level, the steering clamping seat (28) is a square frame seat with openings at both ends, and a plurality of centrally symmetrical square positioning plates (29) are telescopically provided on the circumferential inner wall of the steering clamping seat (28); A steering drive motor (30) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the second slide seat (17), and the output shaft end of the steering drive motor (30) passes through the second slide seat (17) upwards and is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the steering clamping seat (28); Two laterally symmetrical laser rangefinders (31) are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the test workbench (2), respectively; the two laser rangefinders (31) are at the same level and on the same central axis as the steering clamping seat (28) and the torsion clamping seat (18).

2. The axle structure strength testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission mechanism is provided in the first communication port (10), the transmission mechanism comprising a transmission drive motor (12), the transmission drive motor (12) being fixedly connected at the center of the lateral outer end surface of the test workbench (2), the output shaft end of the transmission drive motor (12) extending into the first communication port (10) and fixedly connected to a main transmission wheel (13), two longitudinally parallel driving threaded rods (14) being rotatably provided in the first communication port (10), the two ends of each driving threaded rod (14) being rotatably supported on the lateral inner side wall of the first communication port (10), the outer peripheral wall of the driving threaded rod (14) near the end being fixedly connected to a driven wheel (15), the driven wheel (15) being engaged with the main transmission wheel (13) for transmission; The second communication port (11) is also provided with the same transmission mechanism; The two driving threaded rods (14) located in the first connecting port (10) pass through transversely and are threadedly connected to the two ends of the lower part of the first sliding seat (16), and the two driving threaded rods (14) located in the second connecting port (11) pass through transversely and are threadedly connected to the two ends of the lower part of the second sliding seat (17).

3. The axle structure strength testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression test assembly comprises two electric control boxes (5) symmetrical in upper and lower directions, wherein one of the electric control boxes (5) is fixed on the inner top surface of the C-shaped positioning seat (1), and the other electric control box (5) is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the C-shaped positioning seat (1), and each of the electric control boxes (5) is respectively fixed with a vertical hydraulic telescopic cylinder (6), and a horizontal clamping chuck (7) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (6), and the clamping chuck (7) is telescopically arranged in the lifting avoidance opening (9), and each of the clamping chucks (7) is respectively provided with a pressure sensor (8).

4. The axle structure strength testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the extension support platform (3) is provided with a longitudinally extending sliding clamping opening (32), the multi-point bending test assembly comprises a movable frame (33), the movable frame (33) is clamped in the sliding clamping opening (32), a square drive seat (34) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the movable frame (33), a sliding drive motor (35) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end surface of the extension support platform (3), the output shaft end of the sliding drive motor (35) passes through the extension support platform (3) and is fixedly connected to a longitudinal threaded screw (36), and the longitudinal threaded screw (36) passes through and is threadedly connected to the square drive seat (34).

5. The axle structure strength testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A stepper motor (37) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the moving frame (33); the output shaft end of the stepper motor (37) passes through the moving frame (33) upward and is fixedly connected to a steering square seat (38); a first baffle rail (39) and a second baffle rail (40) which are arranged in parallel and extend laterally are respectively fixedly connected to the upper surface of the steering square seat (38); the first baffle rail (39) and the second baffle rail (40) are both C-shaped rails with side openings; the openings of the first baffle rail (39) and the second baffle rail (40) face opposite directions.

6. The axle structure strength testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A horizontal fixed square column (41) is fixedly connected to the middle of the first clamping rail (39), and a horizontal displacement telescopic cylinder (42) is fixedly connected to each lateral outer end face of the fixed square column (41), and a movable square column (43) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the displacement telescopic cylinder (42), and the end of the movable square column (43) is slidably clamped in the first clamping rail (39).

7. The vehicle axle structure strength testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A double-output shaft motor (44) is provided between the second rail (40) and the first rail (39), the double-output shaft motor (44) being fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the second rail (40), and two symmetrical sliding communication openings (45) are transversely opened on the upper edge of the second rail (40), the two sliding communication openings (45) being respectively arranged on both sides of the double-output shaft motor (44), and a sliding square column (46) is respectively arranged in each of the sliding communication openings (45), and a transverse threaded screw (47) is respectively fixedly connected to the end of each output shaft of the double-output shaft motor (44), and the two transverse threaded screws (47) respectively pass through and are threadedly connected to the two sliding square columns (46).

8. The vehicle axle structure strength testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A horizontal electric telescopic cylinder (48) is fixedly connected to the transverse outer end surface of each sliding square column (46), and an extension square column (49) is fixedly connected to the extension end of each electric telescopic cylinder (48), and the end of the extension square column (49) is slidably mounted in the second clamping rail (40); A bending sensor (50) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal outer end faces of the fixed square column (41), the movable square column (43), the sliding square column (46) and the extended square column (49), respectively.

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