Milling method for high-temperature alloy casing

Abstract

The invention discloses a milling method for a high-temperature alloy casing, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, vertically machining and milling the appearance surface of a casing blank until a supplementary machining allowance is reserved, and milling and removing the supplementary machining allowance by adopting a horizontal machining mode; in the vertical machining process, the feeding direction is consistent with the clamping and pressing direction of the cartridge receiver, and vertical machining is carried out in an axial depth layering milling mode. According to the machining method, vertical machining and horizontal machining are combined, most of the allowance of the appearance face of the cartridge receiver is removed through vertical machining, the feeding direction of vertical machining is the axial direction and is consistent with the pressing direction of the cartridge receiver, and machining deformation of the cartridge receiver can be effectively reduced; and then, a small part of allowance which cannot be removed by vertical machining is removed through horizontal machining, the horizontal machining is only complementary machining, the machining allowance is small, and machining deformation is small. The vertical machining programming tool path is simple, idle feeding and feeding and retracting paths are few, and the purposes of reducing part machining deformation and improving machining efficiency are achieved on the whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of parts milling, and in particular to a high-temperature alloy casing milling processing method. Background Art

[0002] The high temperature alloy casing of the aircraft engine is machined by integral forging. The material is difficult to process GH4169. Figure 1 As shown, its external structure is relatively complex, with multiple mounting seats distributed in the circumferential direction, and reinforcing ribs distributed at both ends of each mounting seat. One end of the receiver is a mounting edge structure, and the other end is a cylindrical structure. The milling of its external surface has the characteristics of complex structure, large material cutting allowance, and difficult material processing.

[0003] against Figure 1 The existing CNC milling method for high temperature alloy casing is to use a horizontal machining center to perform radial depth layered milling, as shown in the attached manual. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, according to the distribution position and number of the receiver mounting seats, the outer surface of the receiver is divided into multiple areas for milling. The feed direction of the large-residue milling of the receiver is radial, and then the force direction of the receiver is also radial. The inner hole of the receiver has no fixture support, and the parts are greatly deformed after processing. In addition, the tool feeds radially for layered milling, and the parts are subjected to large forces, resulting in more serious processing deformation. In addition, the CNC program compilation of the radial deep layered milling method is complex, and the tool path is chaotic, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, there are many empty tool paths and infeed and retract tool paths, and the part processing efficiency is low.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN104690490A provides a dual-spindle turning and milling compound processing method for aircraft engine casing, including dividing 16 processing areas according to the casing geometry, selecting a dual-spindle turning and milling compound processing machine tool, determining the type and size of the cutting tool, processing parameters and tool path, and using UG software and the Post Builder post-processing constructor it provides to plan the tool path for the dual-spindle to simultaneously process the inner cavity and outer wall of the casing, and convert it into a CNC instruction for seven-axis five-linkage dual-spindle simultaneous processing that can be run by the Huazhong CNC HNC-848 control system.

[0005] The above patent describes the processing of the outer wall surface of the receiver as follows: Design of the fine milling tool path for the inner and outer wall surfaces: In order to ensure the processing accuracy, a single-spindle processing method is adopted for fine milling. The horizontal spindle is used for fine milling of the outer wall surface, and the vertical spindle is used for fine milling of the inner wall surface; the variable axis surface contour processing method is adopted for the cavity groove of the receiver profile, and two driving methods of boundary and outer contour milling are used; the fixed-axis milling processing method is adopted for the fixed-angle boss contour surface of the receiver, and the curve and surface driving method is used, while the variable-angle boss processing selects the variable axis surface contour processing method and the driving method is the ruled surface driving method to generate the fine machining tool path; for the tool connection marks, residual materials or large fillets generated by different tools and different driving methods between the surfaces, the variable axis surface contour processing method is adopted and the boundary is used for driving method to generate the root cleaning tool path, and it is converted into a tool path file in CLS format.

[0006] From the above records, it can be seen that the processing of the outer wall profile of the casing in the patent document is processed by a horizontal machining center as mentioned in the present invention, and the defects caused by the aforementioned horizontal machining method still exist. At present, there is no casing outer surface processing method on the market that can effectively improve the processing efficiency and reduce the empty tool path. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-temperature alloy casing milling method which optimizes the tool path and significantly improves the processing efficiency in view of the defects of the prior art.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A high-temperature alloy casing milling processing method comprises the following steps: firstly vertically milling the casing blank outer surface to leave a supplementary machining allowance, and removing the supplementary machining allowance by horizontal milling; during the vertical machining process, the feed direction is consistent with the casing clamping and pressing direction, and the vertical machining is performed by axial depth layered milling.

[0010] Furthermore, horizontal machining is carried out using an X / Y / B three-axis linkage full-edge side-cutting layered milling method.

[0011] Furthermore, horizontal machining is performed using an X / Y / B three-axis linkage Z-direction layered milling method.

[0012] Furthermore, vertical machining uses cutting parameters of large cutting width, small cutting depth and large feed.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting parameters of the vertical machining are: linear speed 28-30 m / min, cutting depth 1.0-1.2 mm, and cutting width is full cut.

[0014] Furthermore, the feed rate per tooth in vertical machining is 0.08 to 0.1 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, horizontal machining uses cutting parameters of large cutting depth, small cutting width and large feed.

[0016] Furthermore, the cutting parameters of the horizontal machining are: linear speed 28-30 m / min, cutting depth of full blade cutting, and cutting width of 0.5-0.8 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the feed rate per tooth in horizontal machining is 0.1 to 0.125 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the processing equipment is a vertical-horizontal conversion processing center.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1) The present invention combines vertical machining with horizontal machining. First, vertical machining is used to remove most of the excess on the outer surface of the casing. The feed direction of the vertical machining is axial, which is consistent with the pressing direction of the casing, and can effectively reduce the casing machining deformation. Then, horizontal machining is used to remove a small part of the excess that cannot be removed by vertical machining. Horizontal machining is only supplementary machining, with less machining excess and smaller machining deformation.

[0021] 2) Vertical machining uses cutting parameters of large cutting width, small cutting depth and large feed, while horizontal machining uses cutting parameters of large cutting depth, small cutting width and large feed. The tool path is simple and beautiful. In addition, the tool path programming of vertical machining is simple, with less empty tool path and infeed and retract tool path, which can achieve the purpose of reducing part processing deformation and improving processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-temperature alloy casing of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a vertical machining tool path according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the vertical processing method described in Example 1 of the present invention (axial depth layered milling);

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal machining tool path described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the horizontal processing method described in Example 1 of the present invention (X / Y / B three-axis linkage Z-direction layered milling);

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the horizontal processing method described in Example 2 of the present invention (X / Y / B three-axis linkage full-edge side cutting layered milling);

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the traditional horizontal processing method;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the traditional horizontal machining tool path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present technical solution is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 The finished high-temperature alloy casing has a mounting seat 1 distributed on its outer surface, and reinforcing ribs 2 are distributed on both ends of the mounting seat. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the high-temperature alloy casing blank is milled to form the mounting seat 1 and the reinforcing ribs 2. The specific milling process is as follows:

[0037] A vertical-horizontal conversion machining center is used to CNC mill the outer surface of the receiver blank. First, vertical machining is used to remove most of the excess on the outer surface until only supplementary machining allowance is left, and then horizontal machining is used to supplement the machining allowance. The supplementary machining allowance includes the parts that cannot be milled by vertical machining, such as the mounting seat 1 of the outer surface of the receiver and the root of the reinforcing rib plate 2; for example, for the machining of the reinforcing rib plate, the top surface of the reinforcing rib plate needs to be processed vertically first, and the bottom surface needs to be processed horizontally.

[0038] Among them, the selected vertical-horizontal convertible machining center has both vertical and horizontal machining functions, and can realize vertical and horizontal machining of the casing outer surface with one clamping; the vertical-horizontal convertible machining center is a spindle swing head structure with a spindle swing head angle greater than or equal to 90°, which meets the needs of vertical and horizontal machining.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, during the vertical machining process, the feed direction is consistent with the clamping direction of the casing, and the vertical machining is carried out using an axial depth layered milling method.

[0040] The vertical machining tools in this embodiment include: Φ16 square shoulder milling cutter (two edges), Φ25 square shoulder milling cutter (3 edges), and Φ32 square shoulder milling cutter (4 edges). Vertical machining uses cutting parameters with large cutting width, small cutting depth, and large feed. Further cutting parameters are: linear speed 30m / min, cutting depth 1.0~1.2mm, cutting width is full tool cutting (according to tool diameter), generally 16~32mm, the larger the cutting width, the higher the cutting efficiency, feed per tooth: 0.08~0.1mm, the feed per tooth parameter selection comprehensively considers tool wear and machining efficiency, the larger the feed per tooth, the higher the cutting efficiency, but the faster the tool wears. This embodiment recommends a limit value of 30m / min for the linear speed of high-temperature alloy parts processing, and the higher the linear speed, the higher the cutting efficiency.

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, horizontal machining can be carried out by using the X / Y / B three-axis linkage Z-direction layered milling method according to the allowance depth of the casing processing part. The layer depth is generally set to 1mm, and the tool path has multiple layers. The B axis is the rotary axis of the turntable of the vertical-horizontal conversion machining center.

[0042] Horizontal machining tools include: Φ16 square shoulder milling cutter (two-edged), Φ25 square shoulder milling cutter (3-edged), Φ12×R1 milling cutter, Φ8×R3 milling cutter, Φ8×R1.5 milling cutter, Φ6×R3 ball milling cutter, Φ6×R2 milling cutter, Φ6×R1.5 milling cutter, Φ4×R2 ball milling cutter, Φ4×R1.5 milling cutter. Horizontal machining uses cutting parameters with large cutting depth, small cutting width and large feed. Further cutting parameters are: linear speed 30m / min, cutting depth is full blade (according to tool blade length), the maximum value is the machining allowance depth, the greater the cutting depth, the higher the cutting efficiency, generally 10~20mm, cutting width is 0.5~0.8mm, the greater the cutting width, the higher the cutting efficiency, but the tool wears faster, and the feed per tooth is 0.1~0.125mm.

[0043] The above-mentioned vertical processing and horizontal processing use multiple tools because there are many processing parts on the outer surface of a casing, and the allowance of each processing part is different. Tools of different diameters are selected according to different processing allowances.

[0044] The present invention adopts vertical and horizontal machining to perform CNC milling on the outer surface of the high-temperature alloy casing. Most of the excess of the casing outer surface is removed by vertical machining. At this time, the feed direction is axial, which is consistent with the casing pressing direction, which can significantly reduce the machining deformation. The large cutting width, small cutting depth, and large feed cutting strategy adopted by the vertical machining help to simplify and beautify the machining tool path. In addition, the vertical machining programming tool path is simple, the advance and retreat tool paths are greatly reduced, and the empty tool path outside the blank area is also greatly reduced, and the machining efficiency is high. The subsequent horizontal machining is a supplementary machining with less machining allowance and less casing machining deformation. The large cutting depth, small cutting width, and large feed cutting parameters adopted by the horizontal machining can also effectively meet the requirements of efficient machining.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Figure 1 The finished high-temperature alloy casing has a mounting seat 1 distributed on its outer surface, and reinforcing ribs 2 are distributed on both ends of the mounting seat. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the high-temperature alloy casing blank is milled to form the mounting seat 1 and the reinforcing ribs 2. The specific milling process is as follows:

[0047] A vertical-horizontal conversion machining center is used to CNC mill the outer surface of the receiver blank. First, vertical machining is used to remove most of the excess on the outer surface until only supplementary machining allowance is left, and then horizontal machining is used to supplement the machining allowance. The supplementary machining allowance includes the parts that cannot be milled by vertical machining, such as the mounting seat 1 of the outer surface of the receiver and the root of the reinforcing rib plate 2; for example, for the machining of the reinforcing rib plate, the top surface of the reinforcing rib plate needs to be processed vertically first, and the bottom surface needs to be processed horizontally.

[0048] Among them, the selected vertical-horizontal convertible machining center has both vertical and horizontal machining functions, and can realize vertical and horizontal machining of the casing outer surface with one clamping; the vertical-horizontal convertible machining center is a spindle swing head structure with a spindle swing head angle greater than or equal to 90°, which meets the needs of vertical and horizontal machining.

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, during the vertical machining process, the feed direction is consistent with the clamping direction of the casing, and the vertical machining is carried out using an axial depth layered milling method.

[0050] The vertical machining tools in this embodiment include: Φ16 square shoulder milling cutter (two edges), Φ25 square shoulder milling cutter (3 edges), and Φ32 square shoulder milling cutter (4 edges). Vertical machining uses cutting parameters with large cutting width, small cutting depth, and large feed. Further cutting parameters are: linear speed 30m / min, cutting depth 1.0~1.2mm, cutting width is full tool cutting (according to tool diameter), generally 16~32mm, the larger the cutting width, the higher the cutting efficiency, feed per tooth: 0.08~0.1mm, the feed per tooth parameter selection comprehensively considers tool wear and machining efficiency, the larger the feed per tooth, the higher the cutting efficiency, but the faster the tool wears. This embodiment recommends a limit value of 30m / min for the linear speed of high-temperature alloy parts processing, and the higher the linear speed, the higher the cutting efficiency.

[0051] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Figure 6 As shown, horizontal machining is performed using the X / Y / B three-axis linkage full-edge side cutting layered milling method. According to the allowance depth of the casing processing part, full-edge milling is used in the Z direction. The full-edge milling depth is equal to the allowance depth, and the tool path has only one layer. The B axis is the rotary axis of the turntable of the vertical-horizontal conversion machining center.

[0052] Horizontal machining tools include: Φ16 square shoulder milling cutter (two-edged), Φ25 square shoulder milling cutter (3-edged), Φ12×R1 milling cutter, Φ8×R3 milling cutter, Φ8×R1.5 milling cutter, Φ6×R3 ball milling cutter, Φ6×R2 milling cutter, Φ6×R1.5 milling cutter, Φ4×R2 ball milling cutter, Φ4×R1.5 milling cutter. Horizontal machining uses cutting parameters with large cutting depth, small cutting width and large feed. Further cutting parameters are: linear speed 30m / min, cutting depth is full blade (according to tool blade length), the maximum value is the machining allowance depth, the greater the cutting depth, the higher the cutting efficiency, generally 10~20mm, cutting width is 0.5~0.8mm, the greater the cutting width, the higher the cutting efficiency, but the tool wears faster, and the feed per tooth is 0.1~0.125mm.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the linear speed in the vertical machining cutting parameters. In this embodiment, the vertical machining cutting linear speed is set to 28 m / min, and the other parameters remain unchanged.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling method for high temperature alloy casing, It is characterized in that First, the outer surface of the casing blank is milled vertically to leave a supplementary machining allowance, and the supplementary machining allowance is removed by milling in a horizontal machining manner; during the vertical machining process, the feed direction is consistent with the clamping direction of the casing, and the vertical machining is performed by axial depth layered milling.

2. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Horizontal machining is carried out using X / Y / B three-axis linkage full-edge side cutting layered milling method.

3. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Horizontal machining is carried out using X / Y / B three-axis linkage and Z-direction layered milling.

4. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Vertical machining uses cutting parameters with large cutting width, small cutting depth and large feed.

5. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The cutting parameters for vertical machining are: linear speed 28-30 m / min, cutting depth 1.0-1.2 mm, and cutting width is full cut.

6. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The feed rate per tooth in vertical machining is 0.08~0.1mm.

7. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Horizontal machining uses cutting parameters such as large cutting depth, small cutting width and large feed.

8. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The cutting parameters for horizontal machining are: linear speed 28-30 m / min, cutting depth of full blade, and cutting width of 0.5-0.8 mm.

9. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The feed rate per tooth in horizontal machining is 0.1~0.125mm.

10. The high temperature alloy casing milling method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The processing equipment is a vertical-horizontal conversion processing center.

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