Mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system and method, and the method comprises the steps: collecting image data of a mine ecological restoration region, collecting a soil sample, carrying out the real-time analysis of the soil sample to obtain a sample evaluation value, and generating an image evaluation value of the image data; and determining a sampling path of the soil sample according to a relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold value, sending the sampling path to a sampling terminal, and determining a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value. Image data and soil samples are automatically collected through the sampling terminal such as the unmanned aerial vehicle, manual intervention is greatly reduced, the sampling terminal is provided with a multifunctional mounting end and an intelligent cover body design, the data acquisition capability of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greatly enriched, and the working efficiency and safety are improved. Comprehensive acquisition of spectral data, high-definition images and soil samples provides all-around and multi-angle data support for subsequent ecological restoration effect evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular relates to a system and method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, mining activities are becoming more and more frequent. However, mining is often accompanied by the destruction of the ecological environment, such as soil pollution, vegetation destruction, soil erosion and other problems, which have a serious impact on the local ecological balance and residents' lives. Therefore, mine ecological restoration has become an urgent need. In order to evaluate the effect of mine ecological restoration, traditional evaluation methods mainly rely on manual on-site investigation, sampling analysis and long-term observation of vegetation recovery. These methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but the evaluation results are often interfered by subjective factors and lack scientificity and systematicity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention proposes a mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system, which includes a ground monitoring station and at least one sampling terminal wirelessly connected thereto:

[0006] The sampling terminal is configured to collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values, the image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation value includes a real-time analysis value of geological feature information;

[0007] The ground monitoring station is configured to receive and analyze the image data, generate an image evaluation value, determine a sampling path for the soil sample based on a relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, and then determine a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0008] Furthermore, the biological characteristic information includes vegetation coverage, biodiversity index and microbial community structure, and the geological characteristic information includes soil moisture, soil texture, soil pH value and soil conductivity.

[0009] Furthermore, the sampling path is determined according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold, including: when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is lower than the preset minimum threshold, generating an encrypted sampling path corresponding to the area; when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is higher than the preset optimal threshold, generating a sparse sampling path corresponding to the area.

[0010] Furthermore, the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value includes: the total evaluation value is determined by weighted average method, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0011] Total evaluation value = (image evaluation value weight * image evaluation value) + (sample evaluation value weight * sample evaluation value); wherein the weights of the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value are determined based on expert opinions, historical data or field investigation factors.

[0012] Furthermore, the sampling terminal includes a first mounting end and a second mounting end arranged at the lower end of the drone, the first mounting end is used to install a spectrometer and a high-definition camera to obtain image data of the mine ecological restoration area, and the second mounting end is used to install a sampler to obtain soil samples in the mine ecological restoration area.

[0013] Furthermore, a mounting portion is provided at the lower end of the drone, the first mounting end is provided at the lower end of the mounting portion, a rotating shaft is provided at the center of the mounting portion, a rotating cover is provided on the rotating shaft, and the cover is used to form a cover for the first mounting end; a fan-shaped opening is provided on the mounting portion, an arc-shaped guide rail aligned with the arc-shaped edge of the mounting portion is provided at the edge of the fan-shaped opening, a sliding portion is slidably provided on the arc-shaped guide rail, and a sampling portion for obtaining the soil sample is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding portion;

[0014] The rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped cover plate and a connecting rod fixedly arranged between the arc-shaped cover plate and the sliding part. An arc-shaped surface is arranged in the fan-shaped opening toward the arc-shaped guide rail. The arc-shaped surface is provided with a plurality of collecting ports for collecting soil samples obtained by the sampling part.

[0015] Furthermore, the sampling part includes a positioning part arranged on the side of the sliding part, a fixing seat is fixedly provided on the side of the positioning part, a driving part and a telescopic part arranged on the driving part are provided on the side of the fixing seat opposite to the positioning part, and the second mounting end is specifically the end of the telescopic part away from the driving part.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention proposes a method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, which is implemented based on any of the above-mentioned evaluation systems, and the method includes:

[0017] S1. Collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and analyze the soil samples in real time to obtain sample evaluation values, where the image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation values ​​include real-time analysis values ​​of geological characteristic information;

[0018] S2. Receive and analyze the image data to generate an image evaluation value, determine a sampling path for the soil sample based on the relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, then determine a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention automatically collects image data and soil samples through sampling terminals such as drones, greatly reducing manual intervention and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the assessment work. At the same time, the real-time analysis function enables the assessment results to be generated quickly, shortening the assessment cycle.

[0021] 2. The evaluation system proposed in the present invention objectively analyzes the collected data based on preset evaluation standards and algorithms, reduces the interference of human factors, ensures the objectivity and consistency of the evaluation results, and gives priority to analyzing the biometric information in the image data, monitors the changes in the mine ecological restoration area in real time, and dynamically adjusts the sampling path according to the image evaluation value to ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of the evaluation work. At the same time, the real-time analysis function can timely discover and feedback problems in the ecological restoration process, providing a scientific basis for subsequent restoration work.

[0022] 3. The sampling terminal of the present invention has a multifunctional mounting terminal and an intelligent cover design, which greatly enriches the data collection capability of the drone and improves work efficiency and safety. The comprehensive acquisition of spectral data, high-definition images and soil samples provides all-round and multi-angle data support for the subsequent ecological restoration effect evaluation, making the evaluation results more accurate, objective and scientific. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the mine ecological restoration effect evaluation method in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sampling terminal in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation part in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft, the cover body and the connecting piece in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling unit in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. UAV; 2. Installation part; 3. Sampling part; 21. Fan-shaped opening; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. First mounting end; 24. Cover; 25. Guide rail; 26. Sliding part; 27. Arc surface; 28. Connecting piece; 29. ​​Collection port; 30. Storage port; 31. Positioning part; 32. Fixed seat; 33. Driving part; 34. Telescopic part; 35. Second mounting end; 281. Arc cover plate; 282. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment proposes a mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system, which includes a ground monitoring station and at least one sampling terminal wirelessly connected thereto:

[0032] The sampling terminal is configured to collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the real-time matched sampling path, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values. The image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation value includes the real-time analysis value of geological characteristic information.

[0033] The sampling terminal includes at least one or more drones equipped with high-definition cameras, spectrometers, soil samplers and positioning equipment. The drones automatically collect image data and soil samples in the mine ecological restoration area according to a preset flight path or a path dynamically adjusted according to real-time image analysis.

[0034] The ground monitoring station is configured to receive and analyze image data, generate an image evaluation value, determine the sampling path of the soil sample based on the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, and then determine the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and make a qualitative evaluation of the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0035] In this embodiment, a data processing center is provided in the ground monitoring station, which includes a high-performance computing server and data analysis software. The data processing center receives the raw data from the sampling terminal, performs preprocessing (such as image denoising, correction, etc.), feature extraction (such as real-time calculation of vegetation coverage, biodiversity index and microbial community structure) and comprehensive analysis. At the same time, the relevant image evaluation value is automatically generated according to the preset evaluation criteria and algorithm.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sample evaluation value includes the geological characteristic information obtained by the sampler in real-time analysis. Although the above-mentioned soil sampler is mainly responsible for collecting soil samples for subsequent in-depth analysis in the laboratory, the sampler in this embodiment conducts preliminary on-site analysis during the collection process or within a short period of time after sampling to quickly obtain some key parameters of geological characteristics directly related to ecological restoration.

[0037] In this embodiment, the sampling path of soil samples is specifically to plan a flight sampling path in the mine ecological restoration area to ensure that all key areas are covered; specifically, the sampling path is determined based on the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold, including: when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is lower than the preset minimum threshold, it indicates that the ecological restoration effect of the area is not good, and an encrypted sampling path corresponding to the area is generated; when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is higher than the preset optimal threshold, it indicates that the ecological restoration effect of the area meets expectations, and a sparse sampling path corresponding to the area is generated. Among them, the encrypted sampling path and the sparse sampling path are to increase the sampling points and reduce the sampling points respectively; and the matching of the sampling points is determined based on the area in the image data that does not meet the preset optimal threshold, and the auxiliary determination of the corresponding area is realized based on the positioning device in the drone.

[0038] In this embodiment, the evaluation system also includes a data transmission module: wireless communication technology (such as Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, satellite communication, etc.) is used to achieve real-time data transmission between the sampling terminal and the ground monitoring station. This module ensures that the collected data can be quickly and safely transmitted to the ground monitoring station for processing and analysis.

[0039] Further preferably, the total evaluation value of ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value includes: the total evaluation value is determined by the weighted average method, and the specific formula is as follows: total evaluation value = (image evaluation value weight * image evaluation value) + (sample evaluation value weight * sample evaluation value); wherein, the weights of the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value are determined based on expert opinions, historical data or field investigation factors.

[0040] It is understandable that this assessment method, by combining the data of the spectrometer and the high-definition camera, not only deeply analyzes the physiological and ecological characteristics of vegetation, but also intuitively displays the changes in vegetation and ecological landscape, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the ecological restoration effect assessment. The total assessment value is calculated by the weighted average method, which further balances the contribution of different assessment dimensions, making the assessment results more objective and reliable. At the same time, the flexible setting of weights takes into account multiple factors such as expert experience, historical data and field investigations, which increases the scientificity and flexibility of the assessment process.

[0041] Further preferably, in order to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of the mine ecological restoration effect evaluation, the present embodiment has made refined improvements to the sampling terminal, especially in the configuration and function of the UAV mounting equipment. Specifically, the sampling terminal includes a first mounting end 23 and a second mounting end 35 arranged at the lower end of the UAV 1. The first mounting end 23 is used to install a spectrometer and a high-definition camera to obtain image data of the mine ecological restoration area, and the second mounting end 35 is used to install a sampler to obtain soil samples in the mine ecological restoration area. The lower end of the drone 1 is provided with a mounting portion 2, a first mounting end 23 is provided at the lower end of the mounting portion 2, a rotating shaft 22 is provided at the center of the mounting portion 2, a rotating cover 24 is provided on the rotating shaft 22, and the cover 24 is used to cover the first mounting end 23; a fan-shaped opening 21 is provided on the mounting portion 2, an arc-shaped guide rail 25 aligned with the arc-shaped edge of the mounting portion 2 is provided at the edge of the fan-shaped opening 21, a sliding portion 26 is slidably provided on the arc-shaped guide rail 25, and a sampling portion 3 for obtaining soil samples is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding portion 26; an arc-shaped cover plate 281 and A connecting rod 282 is fixedly arranged between the arc-shaped cover plate 281 and the sliding part 26. The connecting piece 28 formed by the arc-shaped cover plate 281 and the connecting rod 282 is used to synchronously drive the sliding part 26 to slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 25 when the rotating shaft 22 rotates. An arc-shaped surface 27 is provided in the fan-shaped opening 21 toward the arc-shaped guide rail 25. The arc-shaped surface 27 is provided with a plurality of collecting ports 29. The collecting ports 29 are used to collect soil samples obtained by the sampling part 3. Receiving ports 30 are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped surface 27 and the contact surface with the mounting seat 2, which are used to receive the arc-shaped cover plate 281 when soil sampling is performed.

[0042] More specifically, the sampling terminal in this embodiment includes a multifunctional mounting end design. The lower end of the drone 1 is equipped with a first mounting end 23 and a second mounting end 35. This dual mounting structure greatly enriches the data collection capability of the drone. The first mounting end 23 focuses on the collection of spectral data and high-definition images. A spectrometer and a high-definition camera are installed respectively to achieve comprehensive spectral analysis and high-definition imaging of vegetation in the mine ecological restoration area, providing a reliable data source for subsequent image evaluation values ​​and sample evaluation values. The second mounting end 35 is specially designed for soil sample collection. By installing a sampler, it is possible to directly obtain ground soil samples while performing aerial operations, avoiding the inefficiency and personnel safety risks brought about by traditional ground sampling, and greatly improving the timeliness of soil ecological analysis.

[0043] This embodiment also includes an intelligent cover design. Specifically, in order to protect the spectrometer and high-definition camera mounted at the lower end of the drone, a rotatable cover 24 is designed. The cover is installed at the lower end of the mounting part 2 through a rotating shaft 22. It can automatically open and close or adjust the angle according to the operation requirements, effectively preventing the impact of external interference (such as wind, rain, dust, etc.) on the equipment during flight, and ensuring the stability and continuity of data collection. The fan-shaped opening 21 and its matching arc guide rail 25 and sliding part 26 design enable the sampling part 3 to accurately sample soil samples without interfering with the spectrum and image acquisition. The two do not affect each other, realizing multi-functional simultaneous operation.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the shaft 22 is driven to rotate by a corresponding motor. After completing the acquisition of the image data, according to the determined sampling path, the motor drives the shaft 22 to rotate, which can synchronously realize the rotation of the cover body 24 to form a cover for the second mounting end 35. Synchronously, the shaft 22 rotates to separate the arc cover plate 281 from the arc surface 27, exposing the collecting port 29, and the sliding part 26 slides along the arc guide rail 25 on the left and right of the connecting piece 28, driving the sampling part 3 on the sliding part 26 to reach the working position.

[0045] Further preferably, the sampling part 3 includes a positioning part 31 arranged on the side of the sliding part 26, a fixing seat 32 is fixedly arranged on the side of the positioning part 31, a driving part 33 (motor) and a telescopic member 34 (electric telescopic rod) arranged on the driving part 33 are arranged on the side of the fixing seat 32 opposite to the positioning part 31, and the second mounting end 35 is specifically the end of the telescopic member 34 away from the driving part 33. In specific implementation, after the sampling part 3 on the sliding part 26 reaches the working position, the driving part 33 drives the telescopic member 34 to rotate and align with the sampling point, and after the telescopic member 34 is extended, the sampler completes sampling, and the driving part 33 drives the telescopic member 34 to rotate, and the sample is stored in the collection port 29.

[0046] More specifically, the sampling part 3 includes a positioning part 31, a fixing seat 32, a driving part 33, a telescopic part 34 and other parts, forming a set of accurate and efficient soil sampling system. The driving part 33 controls the telescopic movement of the telescopic part 34, driving the sampler to accurately contact the ground and obtain soil samples. The sliding part 26 slides along the arc guide rail 25 to ensure that the sampler can accurately sample at different positions. At the same time, the setting of the collection port 29 allows the soil to be directly collected and temporarily stored after sampling, reducing the risk of sample loss and contamination.

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also proposes a method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, which is implemented based on the above evaluation system and includes:

[0048] S1. Collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and analyze the soil samples in real time to obtain sample evaluation values. Both the image data and the soil samples contain geological characteristic information and biological characteristic information.

[0049] S2. Receive image data and analyze it to generate an image evaluation value. Determine the sampling path of the soil sample based on the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold value, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal. Determine the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and make a qualitative evaluation of the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0050] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the embodiments of the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. In addition, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units, modules or devices stated in the system, device or terminal claims can also be implemented by the same unit, module or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system, It is characterized in that The system comprises a ground monitoring station and at least one sampling terminal wirelessly connected thereto: The sampling terminal is configured to collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values, the image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation value includes a real-time analysis value of geological feature information; The ground monitoring station is configured to receive and analyze the image data, generate an image evaluation value, determine a sampling path for the soil sample based on a relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, and then determine a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

2. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, Features: The biological characteristic information includes vegetation coverage, biodiversity index and microbial community structure, and the geological characteristic information includes soil moisture, soil texture, soil pH value and soil conductivity.

3. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, Features: The determining of the sampling path according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold value includes: when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is lower than the preset minimum threshold value, generating an encrypted sampling path corresponding to the area; when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is higher than the preset optimal threshold value, generating a sparse sampling path corresponding to the area.

4. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, Features: The total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value includes: the total evaluation value is determined by weighted average method, and the specific formula is as follows: Total evaluation value = (image evaluation value weight * image evaluation value) + (sample evaluation value weight * sample evaluation value); wherein the weights of the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value are determined based on expert opinions, historical data or field investigation factors.

5. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, Features: The sampling terminal comprises a first mounting end (23) and a second mounting end (35) arranged at the lower end of the drone (1); the first mounting end (23) is used to install a spectrometer and a high-definition camera to obtain image data of the mine ecological restoration area; and the second mounting end (35) is used to install a sampler to obtain soil samples in the mine ecological restoration area.

6. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 5, Features: The lower end of the drone (1) is provided with a mounting portion (2), the first mounting end (23) is arranged at the lower end of the mounting portion (2), a rotating shaft (22) is arranged at the center of the mounting portion (2), a rotating cover (24) is arranged on the rotating shaft (22), and the cover (24) is used to cover the first mounting end (23); the mounting portion (2) is provided with a fan-shaped opening (21), the edge of the fan-shaped opening (21) is provided with an arc-shaped guide rail (25) aligned with the arc-shaped edge of the mounting portion (2), a sliding portion (26) is slidably arranged on the arc-shaped guide rail (25), and a sampling portion (3) for obtaining the soil sample is fixedly arranged on the side of the sliding portion (26); The rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped cover plate (281) and a connecting rod (282) fixedly arranged between the arc-shaped cover plate (281) and the sliding part (26); an arc-shaped surface (27) is arranged in the fan-shaped opening (21) toward the arc-shaped guide rail (25); the arc-shaped surface (27) is provided with a plurality of collecting ports (29); and the collecting ports (29) are used to collect soil samples obtained by the sampling part (3).

7. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 6, Features: The sampling portion (3) comprises a positioning portion (31) arranged on the side of the sliding portion (26); a fixing seat (32) is fixedly arranged on the side of the positioning portion (31); a driving portion (33) and a telescopic member (34) are arranged on the driving portion (33) on a side of the fixing seat (32) opposite to the positioning portion (31); and the second mounting end (35) is specifically an end of the telescopic member (34) away from the driving portion (33).

8. A method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, It is characterized in that Based on the implementation of the evaluation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprises: S1. Collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and analyze the soil samples in real time to obtain sample evaluation values, where the image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation values ​​include real-time analysis values ​​of geological characteristic information; S2. Receive and analyze the image data to generate an image evaluation value, determine a sampling path for the soil sample based on the relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, then determine a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

Images