Sound wave detection device

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of sound signal detection, and provides a sound wave detection device which comprises a shell, a sensor and a laser, and the sensor and the laser are fixedly connected with the shell. A through hole is formed in the shell; the plurality of sensors are used for receiving laser emitted by the laser device; the lasers are used for emitting a beam of measuring laser into the through hole and comprise a plurality of x-direction lasers and a plurality of y-direction lasers; the straight lines of the laser emitted by each x-direction laser are parallel to each other; the straight lines where the laser emitted by each y-direction laser is located are parallel to each other; the directions of laser emitted by the x-direction laser and the y-direction laser are perpendicular to each other. The device is small in size and convenient to arrange, the device does not have obvious influence on the waveform structure of sound waves, and richer sound wave information can be obtained through restoration; a plurality of devices do not need to form an array, and the high-precision direction of arrival can be obtained by using one device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic signal detection, and in particular relates to an acoustic wave detection device. Background Art

[0002] The sound wave arrival direction detection device is a device used to determine the direction of the sound source. It has important value in many fields. Based on the difference in the propagation medium of the sound wave, it can be divided into air arrival direction detection, underwater arrival direction detection, etc. Different propagation media correspond to different detection methods.

[0003] For underwater sound waves, direction-of-arrival detection devices are widely used in military, civilian and scientific research fields, for example, for positioning submarines and underwater targets, and for target tracking and identification in sonar systems.

[0004] The current mainstream device for detecting the direction of underwater sound waves is a hydrophone. By using multiple monitors to form a monitoring array, the direction of the sound source is determined by comparing the arrival time or phase difference of the sound waves at different monitors. However, this type of monitoring equipment is often large in size, and its physical structure will destroy the original structure of the sound field, resulting in partial information loss. In addition, when the monitoring array performs spatial sampling of the sound field, the spacing between hydrophones usually cannot exceed half the wavelength of the detection signal, otherwise spatial aliasing will occur, so its monitoring accuracy is limited.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing underwater sound wave direction of arrival measurement equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a sound wave detection device, which aims to solve the problems that the monitoring equipment is often large in size, its physical structure will destroy the original structure of the sound field, resulting in partial information loss, and the monitoring array has low accuracy in spatial sampling of the sound field.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: an acoustic wave detection device, which includes a shell and a sensor and a laser fixedly connected to the shell; the shell is provided with a through hole; a plurality of sensors are provided for receiving lasers emitted by the laser; the laser is used to emit a beam of measuring laser into the through hole, including a plurality of x-direction lasers and a plurality of y-direction lasers; the straight lines on which the lasers emitted by each x-direction laser are located are parallel to each other; the straight lines on which the lasers emitted by each y-direction laser are located are parallel to each other; the directions of the lasers emitted by the x-direction laser and the y-direction laser are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] An acoustic wave detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application has the outstanding advantages that: the device monitors the arrival direction of underwater sound waves based on the acousto-optic effect, has a small overall size, a compact structure, and is easy to deploy. The device will not significantly affect the original waveform structure of the sound wave, and can restore richer sound wave information; and when detecting the arrival direction of the sound wave, there is no need to use multiple devices to form a monitoring array, and only one device is needed to achieve the acquisition of high-precision arrival direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an acoustic wave detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an acoustic wave detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of another acoustic wave detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of another acoustic wave detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] In the figure: 10, shell; 20, through hole; 30, x-direction laser; 31, x1 laser; 32, x2 laser; 40, y-direction laser; 41, y1 laser; 42, y2 laser; 50, sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0015] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0016] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0017] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. Similarly, the x-direction and the y-direction are used for convenience only to indicate relative positional relationships and do not represent specific orientation meanings.

[0018] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it is a structural diagram of an acoustic wave detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0020] A shell 10 and a sensor 50 and a laser fixedly connected to the shell 10; a through hole 20 is provided on the shell 10; the sensor 50 is provided with a plurality of sensors for receiving the laser emitted by the laser; the laser is used to emit a beam of measuring laser into the through hole 20, including a plurality of x-direction lasers 30 and a plurality of y-direction lasers 40; the straight lines on which the lasers emitted by each x-direction laser 30 are located are parallel to each other; the straight lines on which the lasers emitted by each y-direction laser 40 are located are parallel to each other; the directions of the lasers emitted by the x-direction laser 30 and the y-direction laser 40 are perpendicular to each other.

[0021] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the shell 10 is fixedly connected with a laser and a sensor 50, and a through hole 20 is provided on the shell. The through hole 20 is annular as a whole, and a cavity is formed inside, which can allow sound waves to enter from one end and exit from the other end. The annular inner wall of the shell surrounding the through hole has a plurality of light-transmitting holes, and each light-transmitting hole is correspondingly arranged with a sensor 50 or a laser, and the sensor 50 or the laser can also be directly or indirectly connected to the inner wall. For example, the sensor 50 and the laser are both arranged inside the shell 10, and the inner wall around the through hole 20 is a part of the shell 10, which can allow the detection laser emitted by the laser to pass through the inner wall and irradiate the corresponding sensor 50 on the other side of the inner wall.

[0022] It can be understood that, since the emitted laser is a ray, the directions of the lasers emitted by the x-direction laser 30 can be the same or exactly opposite, that is, the straight lines where the emitted lasers are located can be parallel to each other in space.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, affected by the acousto-optic effect, the laser propagation direction will deviate from the original propagation path due to the change in the refractive index of the medium. Therefore, by setting mutually perpendicular x-direction lasers and y-direction lasers to emit detection lasers at the same time, and by measuring the position change offset of the lasers in the two orthogonal directions, the components of the wave direction in the two orthogonal directions can be obtained, and then the wave direction can be restored after synthesis.

[0024] This device is suitable for detecting underwater sound waves, especially the direction of arrival of sound waves. The through-hole is set to allow the sound wave to be measured to pass through the through-hole, which is immersed in the liquid. The sound wave to be measured interacts with the measuring laser of the laser in the through-hole, causing the propagation path of the measuring laser to shift and change. The sensor can measure the change of the measurement laser offset over time, and obtain the direction of arrival angle of the sound wave by analyzing the change.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the shell 10 is sealed, and a laser light source and a plurality of optical fibers are arranged inside the shell; one end of the optical fiber is connected to the laser light source, and the other end is connected to the laser; the laser is used to calibrate the emission direction of the laser transmitted by the optical fiber and then emit it into the through hole.

[0026] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the laser itself does not generate laser light, but is used to introduce laser light transmitted by the optical fiber. Its function includes collimating the laser light emitted by the optical fiber to improve accuracy and reduce costs. Each laser light source can be provided with multiple optical fibers to provide laser light sources for multiple lasers.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the x-direction laser 30 includes two or more coplanar x1 lasers 31 and two or more coplanar x2 lasers 32; the plane where the x1 laser 31 is located and the plane where the x2 laser 32 is located are parallel to each other; the y-direction laser 40 includes two or more coplanar y1 lasers 41 and two or more coplanar y2 lasers 42; the plane where the y1 laser 41 is located and the plane where the y2 laser 42 is located are parallel to each other.

[0028] In this embodiment, multiple x1 lasers 31 and x2 lasers 32 may be provided, for example Figure 3 As shown, there are three of them. The three x1 lasers 31 are arranged in the same plane. Similarly, the x2 laser 32, the y1 laser 41, and the y2 laser 42 can all be located in their corresponding coplanar planes. Coplanarity is beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy of the device and reducing the requirements for the calculation of the wave arrival direction.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the plane where the x1 laser 31 is located is coplanar with the plane where the y1 laser 41 is located, and the plane where the x2 laser 32 is located is coplanar with the plane where the y2 laser 42 is located.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the positions of the laser settings are generally distributed on two parallel planes, which can be respectively referred to as the first plane and the second plane. Several x1 lasers 31 and several y1 lasers 41 are arranged in the first plane, and several x2 lasers 32 and several y2 lasers 42 are arranged in the second plane.

[0031] In this embodiment, in order to further simplify the measurement structure of the device and improve the calculation speed of the device for the measurement results, the lasers are distributed on two parallel planes. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, the lasers are generally set close to the through holes, and the through holes are generally arc-shaped, so the lasers located on the same plane are generally not arranged in a colinear manner. It can be understood that the colinearly arranged lasers should be regarded as a special case of coplanar arrangement.

[0032] The outstanding advantage of setting up the first plane and the second plane as two measurement planes is that: through the two measurement planes, the time difference of the same sound wave signal passing through the two planes can be obtained, and its phase difference can be known. Then, by utilizing the time difference information, the medium sound speed variable in the wave arrival direction elimination result is eliminated, and the influence of different medium sound speeds on the wave arrival direction measurement accuracy is eliminated, thereby further improving the measurement accuracy.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the arrow in the figure is the direction in which the sound wave to be measured passes through the detection device. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the through hole 20 is truncated cone-shaped, the bottom surface and the top surface of the truncated cone-shaped through hole are parallel, the plane where the x1 laser 31 is located is parallel to the top surface, and the plane where the x2 laser 32 is located is parallel to the top surface.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, in this embodiment, if the through hole is cylindrical, the sound wave will be reflected in large quantities on the parallel inner wall of the through hole, causing interference. Therefore, setting the through hole to be truncated cone can effectively prevent the sound wave from entering the through hole of the sound wave detection device and causing interference to the echo generated by the measurement of the laser detection device. The bottom radius of the truncated cone through hole is larger than the top radius, and the sound wave enters from the top surface and is emitted from the bottom surface.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x1 lasers 31 is equal, and the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x2 lasers 32 is equal; the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y1 lasers 41 is equal, and the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y2 lasers 42 is equal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent x1 lasers 31 can be equal or unequal, but the spacing between the laser beams emitted by them should be kept the same. This step is set to further simplify the optical path structure and improve the detection accuracy. Similarly, the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x2 lasers 32, y1 lasers 41, and y2 lasers 42 should also be equal.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x1 lasers 31 is equal to the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x2 lasers 32, and is equal to the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y1 lasers 41, and is also equal to the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y2 lasers 42.

[0038] In this embodiment, the optical path structure is further simplified to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the number of the x1 lasers 31 is equal to the number of the x2 lasers 32 , and is equal to the number of the y1 lasers 41 , and is also equal to the number of the y2 lasers 42 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the number of x1 lasers 31, the number of x2 lasers 32, the number of y1 lasers 41 and the number of y2 lasers 42 are all equal, thereby simplifying the optical path structure and improving the measurement accuracy. When multiple measuring beams are provided, a more accurate measurement result can be obtained by selecting any number of beams for multiple measurements or selecting a measurement average value.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the coplanar plane formed by the laser emitted by each x1 laser 31 and the laser emitted by the x2 laser 32 closest to it is perpendicular to the coplanar plane formed by any two lasers emitted by the x1 lasers 31; the coplanar plane formed by the laser emitted by each y1 laser 41 and the laser emitted by the y2 laser 42 closest to it is perpendicular to the coplanar plane formed by any two lasers emitted by the y1 lasers 41.

[0042] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the x1 laser 31 and the y1 laser 41 and the x2 laser 32 and the y2 laser 42 form a two-layer layout, and the two layers of detection lasers have the same detection light layout and a one-to-one array arrangement, which is beneficial to improving the detection accuracy of the device and reducing the difficulty of data processing.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the shell 10 is an octagonal prism, and the through hole 20 is arranged at the center of the octagonal prism; a light-transmitting hole is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 20, and a light-transmitting material is embedded in the light-transmitting hole, and each of the light-transmitting holes is correspondingly provided with a sensor 50 or a laser, and the number of the sensors 50 is the same as that of the lasers and is arranged one-to-one.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the housing 10 is a regular octagonal prism, the laser and the receiver 50 are located inside the housing, the center of the housing 10 is a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole has a light-transmitting hole for laser incidence and emission, and the light-transmitting port is provided with a glass sealed partition to make the housing 10 as a whole airtight. One sensor 50 is only used to receive the laser emitted by one laser. Both the sensor 50 and the laser can be set close to the inner wall of the arc-shaped through hole to reduce errors and improve measurement accuracy.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acoustic wave detection device, characterized in that: The device comprises a housing and a sensor and a laser fixedly connected to the housing; The shell is provided with a through hole; The sensors are provided in a plurality and are used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser device; The laser is used to emit a beam of measuring laser into the through hole, including a plurality of x-direction lasers and a plurality of y-direction lasers; the straight lines on which the lasers emitted by each of the x-direction lasers are located are parallel to each other; the straight lines on which the lasers emitted by each of the y-direction lasers are located are parallel to each other; the directions of the lasers emitted by the x-direction lasers and the y-direction lasers are perpendicular to each other.

2. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing is sealed, and a laser light source and a plurality of optical fibers are arranged inside the housing; One end of the optical fiber is connected to the laser light source, and the other end is connected to the laser; the laser is used to calibrate the emission direction of the laser transmitted by the optical fiber and then emit it into the through hole.

3. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The x-direction lasers include more than two coplanar x1 lasers and more than two coplanar x2 lasers; the plane where the x1 lasers are located and the plane where the x2 lasers are located are parallel to each other; The y-direction lasers include more than two coplanar y1 lasers and more than two coplanar y2 lasers; the plane where the y1 lasers are located and the plane where the y2 lasers are located are parallel to each other.

4. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plane where the x1 laser is located is coplanar with the plane where the y1 laser is located, and the plane where the x2 laser is located is coplanar with the plane where the y2 laser is located.

5. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through hole is in a truncated cone shape, the bottom surface and the top surface of the truncated cone-shaped through hole are parallel, the plane where the x1 laser is located is parallel to the top surface, and the plane where the x2 laser is located is parallel to the top surface.

6. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x1 lasers is equal, and the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x2 lasers is equal; The distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y1 lasers is equal, and the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y2 lasers is equal.

7. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x1 lasers is equal to the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent x2 lasers, and is equal to the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y1 lasers, and is also equal to the distance between the lasers emitted by any two adjacent y2 lasers.

8. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the x1 lasers is equal to the number of the x2 lasers, and is equal to the number of the y1 lasers, and is also equal to the number of the y2 lasers.

9. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coplanar plane formed by the laser light emitted by each x1 laser and the laser light emitted by the x2 laser closest to it is perpendicular to the coplanar plane formed by any two laser lights emitted by the x1 lasers; The coplanar plane formed by the laser light emitted by each y1 laser and the laser light emitted by the y2 laser closest to it is perpendicular to the coplanar plane formed by any two laser lights emitted by the y1 lasers.

10. The acoustic wave detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is an octagonal prism, and the through hole is arranged at the center of the octagonal prism; A light-transmitting hole is arranged on the inner wall of the through hole, and a light-transmitting material is embedded in the light-transmitting hole. Each of the light-transmitting holes is correspondingly provided with a sensor or a laser, and the number of the sensors is the same as that of the lasers and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

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