Coal block forming device and forming method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal block forming device and a forming method, belonging to the technical field of coal block processing. A coal block forming device comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises an upper beam, a lower beam and a support rod for connecting the upper beam and the lower beam, and further comprises: a lower pressing part, the lower pressing part comprises a first oil cylinder fixedly arranged on the upper beam and a pressure head arranged at the end of a piston rod of the first oil cylinder; a stirring and heat-insulating hopper, the stirring and heat-insulating hopper is fixedly arranged on the side of the upper beam and is used for stirring and mixing coal powder; a feeding hopper, the feeding hopper is slidably arranged on the lower beam, a pre-extrusion component is arranged in the feeding hopper, and a second oil cylinder for driving the feeding hopper to move horizontally is arranged on the lower beam; and a mold cavity, the mold cavity is opened in the lower beam; the invention is convenient for improving the density of formed coal blocks, can automatically stack and stack formed coal blocks, effectively avoid the loosening of formed coal blocks, reduce the scrap rate of coal blocks, and improve the processing quality and processing efficiency of coal blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal block processing, and in particular to a coal block forming device and a forming method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, the supply and demand of natural coal blocks are becoming increasingly tense, and the price is rising, which seriously hinders the development of economy. Pulverized coal can only be used in some industrial and agricultural fields, which causes a large amount of coal powder to be squeezed. In addition, the transportation of pulverized coal is difficult, which also limits its use. Existing coal powder molding technology has been widely used in the field of deep processing of raw coal. For example, in the production of activated carbon, the method of preparing coal-based activated carbon with coal as raw material has been widely used. In order to make the obtained activated carbon have higher strength when used, it is usually necessary to carry out molding treatment before carbonization and activation of coal. Therefore, high-strength molding of coal is also the basis for preparing high-strength activated carbon.

[0003] However, the existing coal blocks squeezed from coal powder have low strength and are prone to scattering during subsequent transportation or use, which increases the scrap rate of coal blocks and the cost of coal powder processing. After the coal blocks are extruded, they still need to be stacked and transported manually or with mechanical clamps. Manual stacking by workers will increase their workload and difficulty. Excessive clamping force of the coal blocks by mechanical clamps will cause clamping marks on the outside of the coal blocks, affecting the production quality. If the coal blocks are clamped too loosely, they will fall off and scatter, which increases the workload and difficulty of the workers and reduces the efficiency of coal powder processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a coal block forming device and a forming method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A coal block forming device comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises an upper beam, a lower beam and a support rod for connecting the upper beam and the lower beam, and further comprises:

[0007] A pressing part, the pressing part comprising a first oil cylinder fixed on the upper beam and a pressing head arranged at the end of a piston rod of the first oil cylinder;

[0008] A stirring and heat-insulating hopper, which is fixed on the side of the upper beam and is used for stirring and mixing coal powder;

[0009] A feed hopper, the feed hopper is slidably arranged on the lower beam, a pre-extrusion assembly is arranged in the feed hopper, and a second oil cylinder for driving the feed hopper to move laterally is arranged on the lower beam;

[0010] A mold cavity, wherein the mold cavity is opened in the lower beam, a third oil cylinder is arranged on the lower beam, and a piston rod of the third oil cylinder is connected to a lifting plate movable in the mold cavity;

[0011] Wherein, a belt conveyor for conveying shaped coal blocks is also arranged on the outer side of the lower beam;

[0012] The frame is provided with a mounting plate, a fourth oil cylinder is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, a piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder is connected with a lifting plate, and a coal stacking rack is provided on the lifting plate;

[0013] The coal stacking rack includes side plates and a plurality of support members arranged on the side plates in sequence from top to bottom, each of the support members includes a left support rod and a right support rod arranged on both sides of the side plates, a forklift tube is fixedly provided on the outer side of the support member, a plug hole is opened on the forklift tube, and a plug rod connected to the plug hole is fixedly provided on the lifting plate.

[0014] Preferably, a stirring motor is provided on the outside of the stirring and insulating hopper, the output shaft of the stirring motor is connected to a stirring member rotating in the stirring and insulating hopper, an electric push rod is provided at the bottom of the stirring and insulating hopper, and the movable end of the electric push rod is connected to a discharge plug plate for sealing the bottom opening of the stirring and insulating hopper.

[0015] Preferably, the feed hopper includes a main shell and a movable seat slidably connected to the main shell, a pre-storage chamber for storing coal powder is formed between the movable seat and the main shell, the movable seat includes an extrusion plate connected to the piston rod of the second cylinder, an elastic element connected to the extrusion plate, and an L-shaped plate connected to one end of the elastic element away from the extrusion plate, and the L-shaped plate is slidably connected to the main shell and the extrusion plate.

[0016] Preferably, ear plates are provided on the main shell and the lower beam, and an elastic telescopic rod is provided between the two ear plates.

[0017] Preferably, the pre-extrusion assembly includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the main shell body, the rotating rod is provided with a crank shaft, the crank shaft is sleeved with a collar, a connecting rod is fixedly provided on the collar, an extrusion block is movably connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the collar, the extrusion block is slidably connected to the main shell body, a driven gear is provided at the end of the rotating rod, and a rack plate meshing with the driven gear is provided on the lower beam.

[0018] Preferably, the belt conveyor is arranged between the left support rod and the right support rod, and the upper surface of the belt of the belt conveyor is 2-4 mm higher than the upper surface of the support member.

[0019] Preferably, a coal block flap is connected to the lower beam via a rotating shaft, a counterweight block is arranged on the outer side of the coal block flap, the coal block flap is placed on the upper side of a belt conveyor, two groups of belt conveyors are arranged, and the coal block flap is placed between the two groups of belt conveyors.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a coal block forming method, which uses the above-mentioned coal block forming device for processing, and comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: placing the different types of coal powder after proportioning into the stirring and heat-insulating hopper, controlling the stirring motor to drive the stirring element to rotate, and the stirring element stirs and mixes the different types of coal powder. After the coal powders are evenly mixed, controlling the electric push rod to drive the discharge plug plate to move, and the discharge plug plate no longer blocks the bottom opening of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper, and the coal powder in the stirring and heat-insulating hopper falls into the feed hopper;

[0022] S2: Then control the second oil cylinder to operate, so that the piston rod of the second oil cylinder drives the extrusion plate to move horizontally. When the extrusion plate moves, the elastic element drives the L-shaped plate to move, so that the L-shaped plate blocks the opening at the top of the feed hopper;

[0023] As the extrusion plate continues to move horizontally, the L-shaped plate abuts against the inner wall of the main shell, and the L-shaped plate will no longer move synchronously with the extrusion plate, while the main shell connected to the elastic telescopic rod is not easy to move. The extrusion plate moves horizontally relative to the L-shaped plate and the main shell, and the extrusion plate squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber;

[0024] When the extrusion plate moves horizontally relative to the L-shaped plate and the main shell, the main shell is subjected to force and moves horizontally with the extrusion plate. The main shell transmits the force to the elastic telescopic rod, which is compressed. The feed hopper moves horizontally under the push of the second oil cylinder. In this process, the extrusion plate initially squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber.

[0025] During the transverse movement of the main housing, the rotating rod on the main housing meshes with the rack plate arranged on the lower beam for transmission, the rotating rod rotates and drives the collar to move through the crank shaft, and the collar drives the extrusion block to slide relative to the main housing through the connecting rod, so that the extrusion block intermittently squeezes the coal in the pre-stored cavity, and the coal block initially formed by the extrusion plate is locally stressed, so that the internal structure of the coal block is continuously filled and moved;

[0026] S3: Then the feed hopper moves to the upper side of the mold cavity, and the coal blocks in the pre-stored cavity automatically fall down, and the second oil cylinder is controlled to drive the feed hopper to move back, preparing for the subsequent transfer of coal powder from the mixing and insulation hopper;

[0027] S4: Then the first oil cylinder is controlled to drive the pressure head to move downward, and the pressure head presses down the preformed coal block in the mold cavity, so that a high-density formed coal block is formed in the mold cavity. Then the first oil cylinder is controlled to drive the pressure head to reset, and the piston rod of the third oil cylinder drives the lifting plate to move upward so that the formed coal block and the top surface of the lower beam are in the same plane;

[0028] S5: Repeat S1-S2. When the second oil cylinder pushes the feed hopper filled with coal powder to move horizontally, the feed hopper pushes the shaped coal blocks lifted by the lifting plate. The shaped coal blocks move horizontally and move to the coal block flip plate. The coal block flip plate is pressed down by the shaped coal blocks and flips around the rotating shaft. The shaped coal blocks are flipped and automatically fall onto the two sets of belt conveyors. The belt conveyors convey the shaped coal blocks to the end of the belt conveyors and abut against the side plates of the coal stacking rack.

[0029] S6: Repeat S5. After the belt conveyor conveys a certain amount of formed coal blocks, the fourth oil cylinder is controlled to operate. The piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder drives the coal stacking frame to move upward through the lifting plate. When the left support rod and the right support rod on the coal stacking frame move upward, they contact and lift the formed coal blocks on the belt conveyor, so that the coal stacking frame is lifted as a whole. The support members of the next layer of the coal stacking frame move upward to prepare for the subsequent lifting of the formed coal blocks conveyed by the belt conveyor.

[0030] S7: Repeat S6. After a certain amount of formed coal blocks are placed on each layer of support members on the coal rack, the staff controls the hydraulic fork of the forklift to insert into the forklift tube, controls the coal rack to move up one end as a whole, so that the forklift tube is no longer connected with the insertion rod, and then the hydraulic fork of the forklift transfers the coal rack.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a coal block forming device and forming method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. By setting up a pre-extrusion component, the coal powder is pre-extruded into blocks when it is transferred in the feed hopper, so that the internal structure gaps of the pre-extruded coal blocks are effectively filled, and the subsequent pressure head presses down the pre-extruded coal blocks, so that the coal blocks are extruded and formed in multiple directions, thereby improving the density of the subsequent formed coal blocks, effectively avoiding the looseness of the formed coal blocks, reducing the scrap rate of coal blocks, and improving the processing quality and efficiency of coal blocks;

[0033] 2. The automatic transfer and stacking of shaped coal blocks are realized through the cooperation of the belt conveyor, the fourth oil cylinder and the coal stacking rack. The workers do not need to stack the shaped coal blocks manually or with mechanical clamps, which effectively avoids the loosening of the shaped coal blocks, reduces the scrap rate of the coal blocks, and improves the processing quality and efficiency of the coal blocks;

[0034] 3. By making the upper surface of the belt conveyor 2-4mm higher than the upper surface of the support of the coal rack, it is convenient for the belt conveyor to avoid contact between the formed coal blocks and the support when transporting the formed coal blocks, thereby reducing the conveying resistance of the belt conveyor during operation, and to a certain extent reducing the friction damage between the formed coal blocks and the coal rack, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the formed coal blocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed hopper of the present invention being placed on the top of the lower beam;

[0038] Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure of the feed hopper and the lower beam of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable seat of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 The cross-sectional structure of the feed hopper and the lower beam of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the rotating rod of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 The structure of the coal stacking rack of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Fig.10 The structure of the coal stacking rack of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Fig.11 It is a partial front view of the support member and the belt conveyor of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1, frame; 101, upper beam; 102, lower beam; 103, support rod; 2, first oil cylinder; 201, pressure head; 3, stirring and heat preservation hopper; 301, stirring motor; 302, stirring element; 303, electric push rod; 304, discharge plug plate; 4, feed hopper; 401, main shell; 402, movable seat; 4021, extrusion plate; 4022, elastic element; 4023, L-shaped plate; 5, second oil cylinder; 6, mold cavity; 7, third oil cylinder; 8, belt conveyor; 9, Rotating rod; 901, crank shaft; 902, sleeve ring; 903, connecting rod; 904, extrusion block; 905, driven gear; 10, ear plate; 1001, elastic telescopic rod; 11, rack plate; 12, mounting plate; 121, fourth oil cylinder; 122, lifting plate; 1221, insertion rod; 13, coal stacking rack; 131, side plate; 132, left support rod; 133, right support rod; 134, forklift pipe; 1341, socket; 14, coal block flip plate; 141, counterweight block; 15, formed coal block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0049] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A coal block forming device includes a frame 1, the frame 1 includes an upper beam 101, a lower beam 102 and a support rod 103 for connecting the upper beam 101 and the lower beam 102, and also includes:

[0050] A pressing part, which includes a first oil cylinder 2 fixed on the upper beam 101 and a pressing head 201 arranged at the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 2;

[0051] A stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3, which is fixed on the side of the upper beam 101 and is used for stirring and mixing the coal powder;

[0052] A feed hopper 4 is slidably disposed on the lower beam 102, a pre-extrusion assembly is disposed in the feed hopper 4, and a second oil cylinder 5 for driving the feed hopper 4 to move laterally is disposed on the lower beam 102;

[0053] The mold cavity 6 is opened in the lower beam 102, and a third oil cylinder 7 is arranged on the lower beam 102. The piston rod of the third oil cylinder 7 is connected to a lifting plate movable in the mold cavity 6;

[0054] A belt conveyor 8 for conveying the shaped coal blocks 15 is also provided on the outer side of the lower beam 102 .

[0055] Furthermore, a stirring motor 301 is arranged on the outside of the stirring and insulating hopper 3, and the output shaft of the stirring motor 301 is connected to a stirring member 302 rotating in the stirring and insulating hopper 3. An electric push rod 303 is arranged at the bottom of the stirring and insulating hopper 3, and the movable end of the electric push rod 303 is connected to a discharge plug plate 304 for sealing the bottom opening of the stirring and insulating hopper 3.

[0056] Specifically, different types of coal powder after proportioning are placed in the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3, and the stirring motor 301 is controlled to drive the stirring member 302 to rotate. The stirring member 302 stirs and mixes the different types of coal powder. After the coal powders are evenly mixed, the electric push rod 303 is controlled to drive the discharge plug plate 304 to move. The discharge plug plate 304 no longer blocks the bottom opening of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3, and the coal powder in the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3 falls into the feeding hopper 4. Then the second oil cylinder 5 is controlled to operate so that the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 5 drives the feeding hopper 4 to move horizontally toward the mold cavity 6. During the horizontal movement of the feeding hopper 4, the pre-extrusion component pre-extrudes the internal coal powder so that the internal structural gaps of the pre-extruded coal blocks are effectively filled. After the feeding hopper 4 moves to the top of the mold cavity 6, the pre-extruded coal blocks in the feeding hopper 4 automatically fall into the mold cavity 6. The second oil cylinder 5 is controlled to drive the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 5 to move horizontally toward the mold cavity 6. The feed hopper 4 is moved back to prepare for the subsequent transfer of coal powder from the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3. Then the first oil cylinder 2 is controlled to drive the pressure head 201 to move downward. The pressure head 201 presses down the preformed coal block in the mold cavity 6 to form a high-density molded coal block 15 in the mold cavity 6. Then the first oil cylinder 2 is controlled to drive the pressure head 201 to reset. The piston rod of the third oil cylinder 7 drives the lifting plate to move up so that the molded coal block 15 is in the same plane as the top surface of the lower beam 102. When the second oil cylinder 5 pushes the feed hopper 4 filled with coal powder to repeatedly move horizontally, the feed hopper 4 pushes the molded coal block 15 lifted by the lifting plate, and the molded coal block 15 automatically enters the belt conveyor 8 for stacking. The present application can improve the density of the molded coal block 15, and can automatically stack and stack the molded coal blocks 15, effectively avoiding the loosening of the molded coal blocks 15, reducing the scrap rate of coal blocks, and improving the processing quality and efficiency of coal blocks.

[0057] Example 2: Reference Figure 1-8 , a coal block forming device, based on Example 1, further, the feed hopper 4 includes a main shell 401 and a movable seat 402 slidingly connected to the main shell 401, a pre-storage chamber for storing coal powder is formed between the movable seat 402 and the main shell 401, the movable seat 402 includes an extrusion plate 4021 connected to the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 5, an elastic element 4022 connected to the extrusion plate 4021 and an L-shaped plate 4023 connected to one end of the elastic element 4022 away from the extrusion plate 4021, and the L-shaped plate 4023 is slidably connected to the main shell 401 and the extrusion plate 4021.

[0058] Furthermore, ear plates 10 are provided on the main shell 401 and the lower beam 102 , and an elastic telescopic rod 1001 is provided between the two ear plates 10 .

[0059] Furthermore, the pre-extrusion assembly includes a rotating rod 9 rotatably connected to the main shell 401, a crank shaft 901 is provided on the rotating rod 9, a collar 902 is sleeved on the crank shaft 901, a connecting rod 903 is fixedly provided on the collar 902, an extrusion block 904 is movably connected to the end of the connecting rod 903 away from the collar 902, the extrusion block 904 is slidably connected to the main shell 401, a driven gear 905 is provided at the end of the rotating rod 9, and a rack plate 11 meshing with the driven gear 905 is provided on the lower beam 102.

[0060] Specifically, the coal powder in the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3 falls into the feed hopper 4, and then the second oil cylinder 5 is controlled to operate, so that the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 5 drives the extrusion plate 4021 to move horizontally. When the extrusion plate 4021 moves, the elastic element 4022 drives the L-shaped plate 4023 to move, so that the L-shaped plate 4023 blocks the opening at the top of the feed hopper 4. As the extrusion plate 4021 continues to move horizontally, the L-shaped plate 4023 abuts against the inner wall of the main shell 401, and the L-shaped plate 4023 will no longer move with the movement of the extrusion plate 4021. The squeezing plate 4021 moves synchronously, and the spring stiffness coefficient in the elastic telescopic rod 1001 is high and not easy to deform, so that the main shell 401 connected to the elastic telescopic rod 1001 is not easy to move. The squeezing plate 4021 moves horizontally relative to the L-shaped plate 4023 and the main shell 401, and the squeezing plate 4021 squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber. When the squeezing plate 4021 moves horizontally relative to the L-shaped plate 4023 and the main shell 401, the main shell 401 is subjected to force and moves horizontally with the squeezing plate 4021. The force received is transmitted to the elastic telescopic rod 1001, the elastic telescopic rod 1001 is compressed, and the feed hopper 4 moves horizontally under the push of the second oil cylinder 5. During this process, the extrusion plate 4021 preliminarily squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber. During the transverse movement of the main shell 401, the rotating rod 9 on the main shell 401 is meshed with the rack plate 11 provided on the lower beam 102 for transmission. The rotating rod 9 rotates and drives the sleeve ring 902 to move through the crank shaft 901. The sleeve ring 902 drives the extrusion block 904 to slide relative to the main shell 401 through the connecting rod 903, so that the extrusion block 904 intermittently squeezes the coal in the pre-storage chamber. The coal block preliminarily formed by the extrusion of the extrusion plate 4021 is locally stressed, so that the internal structure of the coal block is continuously filled and moved, and the subsequent pressure head 201 cooperates with the downward pressure of the pre-extruded coal block to make the coal block extruded and formed in multiple directions, thereby improving the density of the subsequent formed coal block 15, effectively avoiding the looseness of the formed coal block 15, reducing the coal block scrap rate, and improving the coal block processing quality and processing efficiency.

[0061] Example 3: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A coal block forming device, based on Example 2, further, a mounting plate 12 is provided on the frame 1, a fourth oil cylinder 121 is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate 12, the piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder 121 is connected to a lifting plate 122, and a coal stacking rack 13 is provided on the lifting plate 122.

[0062] Furthermore, the coal stacking rack 13 includes a side plate 131 and a plurality of support members arranged on the side plate 131 from top to bottom, each support member includes a left support rod 132 and a right support rod 133 arranged on both sides of the side plate 131, a forklift tube 134 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the support member, a socket 1341 is opened on the forklift tube 134, and a plug rod 1221 connected to the socket 1341 is fixedly provided on the lifting plate 122.

[0063] Furthermore, the belt conveyor 8 is arranged between the left support rod 132 and the right support rod 133, and the upper surface of the belt of the belt conveyor 8 is 2-4 mm higher than the upper surface of the support member.

[0064] Furthermore, a coal block flap 14 is connected to the lower beam 102 via a rotating shaft, a counterweight block 141 is provided on the outer side of the coal block flap 14, and the coal block flap 14 is placed on the upper side of the belt conveyor 8. The belt conveyor 8 is provided with two groups, and the coal block flap 14 is placed between the two groups of belt conveyors 8.

[0065] Specifically, when the second oil cylinder 5 pushes the feed hopper 4 filled with coal powder to move horizontally, the feed hopper 4 pushes the shaped coal block 15 lifted by the jacking plate, and the shaped coal block 15 moves horizontally and moves to the coal block flip plate 14. The coal block flip plate 14 is pressed down by the shaped coal block 15 and flips around the rotating shaft. The shaped coal block 15 completes the flip and automatically falls on the two sets of belt conveyors 8. The belt conveyor 8 transports the shaped coal block 15 to the end of the belt conveyor 8 and abuts against the side plate 131 of the coal stacking rack 13. The upper surface of the belt of the belt conveyor 8 is 2-4 mm higher than the upper surface of the support member of the coal stacking rack 13, which is convenient for the belt conveyor 8 to transport the shaped coal block 15, avoiding the contact between the shaped coal block 15 and the support member, thereby reducing the conveying resistance of the belt conveyor 8 during operation, and to a certain extent reducing the friction damage between the shaped coal block 15 and the coal stacking rack 13, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the shaped coal block 15. After the belt conveyor 8 transports a certain amount of formed coal blocks 15 to each layer of support members, the fourth oil cylinder 121 is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder 121 drives the coal stacking rack 13 to move upward through the lifting plate 122. When the left support rod 132 and the right support rod 133 on the coal stacking rack 13 move upward, they contact and lift the formed coal blocks 15 on the belt conveyor 8, so that the coal stacking rack 13 is lifted as a whole, and the support members of the next layer of the coal stacking rack 13 move upward to prepare for the subsequent continued lifting of the formed coal blocks 15 transported by the belt conveyor 8, thereby realizing automatic stacking of the formed coal blocks 15. After a certain amount of formed coal blocks 15 are placed on each layer of support members on the coal stacking rack 13, the staff controls the hydraulic fork of the forklift to insert into the forklift pipe 134, controls the coal stacking rack 13 to move up one end distance as a whole, so that the forklift pipe 134 is no longer connected with the insertion rod 1221, and then the hydraulic fork of the forklift transports the coal stacking rack 13.

[0066] The present invention also discloses a coal block forming method, which uses the above-mentioned coal block forming device for processing, and comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1: Put the different types of coal powder after proportioning into the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3, control the stirring motor 301 to drive the stirring element 302 to rotate, and the stirring element 302 stirs and mixes the different types of coal powder. After the coal powders are evenly mixed, control the electric push rod 303 to drive the discharge plug plate 304 to move, and the discharge plug plate 304 no longer blocks the bottom opening of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3, and the coal powder in the stirring and heat-insulating hopper 3 falls into the feed hopper 4;

[0068] S2: Then, the second oil cylinder 5 is controlled to operate, so that the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 5 drives the extrusion plate 4021 to move horizontally. When the extrusion plate 4021 moves, the elastic element 4022 drives the L-shaped plate 4023 to move, so that the L-shaped plate 4023 blocks the opening at the top of the feed hopper 4;

[0069] As the squeezing plate 4021 continues to move laterally, the L-shaped plate 4023 abuts against the inner wall of the main shell 401, and the L-shaped plate 4023 will no longer move synchronously with the squeezing plate 4021, while the main shell 401 connected to the elastic telescopic rod 1001 is not easy to move, and the squeezing plate 4021 moves laterally relative to the L-shaped plate 4023 and the main shell 401, and the squeezing plate 4021 squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber;

[0070] When the squeezing plate 4021 moves laterally relative to the L-shaped plate 4023 and the main housing 401, the main housing 401 is subjected to force and moves laterally along with the squeezing plate 4021. The main housing 401 transmits the force received to the elastic telescopic rod 1001, and the elastic telescopic rod 1001 is compressed. The feed hopper 4 moves laterally under the push of the second oil cylinder 5. In this process, the squeezing plate 4021 initially squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber.

[0071] During the transverse movement of the main housing 401, the rotating rod 9 on the main housing 401 is meshed with the rack plate 11 provided on the lower beam 102 for transmission, the rotating rod 9 rotates and drives the collar 902 to move through the crank shaft 901, and the collar 902 drives the extrusion block 904 to slide relative to the main housing 401 through the connecting rod 903, so that the extrusion block 904 intermittently squeezes the coal in the pre-storage cavity, and the coal block initially formed by the extrusion plate 4021 is locally stressed, so that the internal structure of the coal block is continuously filled and moved;

[0072] S3: Then the feed hopper 4 moves to the upper side of the mold cavity 6, and the coal blocks in the pre-stored cavity automatically fall down, and the second oil cylinder 5 is controlled to drive the feed hopper 4 to move back, so as to prepare for the subsequent transfer of coal powder from the mixing and heat preservation hopper 3;

[0073] S4: Then the first oil cylinder 2 is controlled to drive the pressure head 201 to move downward, and the pressure head 201 presses down the preformed coal block in the mold cavity 6, so that a high-density formed coal block 15 is formed in the mold cavity 6. Then the first oil cylinder 2 is controlled to drive the pressure head 201 to reset, and the piston rod of the third oil cylinder 7 drives the lifting plate to move upward so that the formed coal block 15 and the top surface of the lower beam 102 are in the same plane;

[0074] S5: Repeat S1-S2. When the second oil cylinder 5 pushes the feed hopper 4 filled with coal powder to move horizontally, the feed hopper 4 pushes the shaped coal block 15 lifted by the jacking plate. The shaped coal block 15 moves horizontally and moves to the coal block flip plate 14. The coal block flip plate 14 is pressed down by the shaped coal block 15 and flips around the rotating shaft. The shaped coal block 15 completes the flip and automatically falls on the two groups of belt conveyors 8. The belt conveyors 8 convey the shaped coal block 15 to the end of the belt conveyor 8 and abut against the side plate 131 of the coal stacking rack 13.

[0075] S6: Repeat S5. After the belt conveyor 8 conveys a certain amount of formed coal blocks 15, the fourth oil cylinder 121 is controlled to operate. The piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder 121 drives the coal stacking frame 13 to move upward through the lifting plate 122. When the left support rod 132 and the right support rod 133 on the coal stacking frame 13 move upward, they contact and lift the formed coal blocks 15 on the belt conveyor 8, so that the coal stacking frame 13 is lifted as a whole. The support members of the next layer of the coal stacking frame 13 move upward to prepare for the subsequent lifting of the formed coal blocks 15 conveyed by the belt conveyor 8.

[0076] S7: Repeat S6. After a certain amount of formed coal blocks 15 are placed on each layer of support members on the coal rack 13, the staff controls the hydraulic fork of the forklift to insert into the forklift tube 134, controls the coal rack 13 to move up one end as a whole, so that the forklift tube 134 is no longer connected with the insertion rod 1221, and then the hydraulic fork of the forklift transfers the coal rack 13.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal block forming device, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) comprises an upper beam (101), a lower beam (102), and a support rod (103) for connecting the upper beam (101) and the lower beam (102), and further comprises: A downward pressing part, the downward pressing part comprising a first oil cylinder (2) fixedly mounted on the upper beam (101) and a pressing head (201) arranged at the end of a piston rod of the first oil cylinder (2); A stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3), the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3) being fixedly mounted on the side of the upper beam (101) and used for stirring and mixing coal powder; a stirring motor (301) is arranged outside the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3); an output shaft of the stirring motor (301) is connected to a stirring member (302) rotating inside the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3); an electric push rod (303) is arranged at the bottom of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3); a movable end of the electric push rod (303) is connected to a discharge plug plate (304) for blocking a bottom opening of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3); A feed hopper (4), the feed hopper (4) being slidably disposed on a lower beam (102), a pre-extrusion assembly being disposed in the feed hopper (4), a second oil cylinder (5) being disposed on the lower beam (102) for driving the feed hopper (4) to move laterally, the feed hopper (4) comprising a main housing (401) and a movable seat (402) slidably connected to the main housing (401), a pre-storage chamber for storing coal powder being formed between the movable seat (402) and the main housing (401), the movable seat (402) comprising an extrusion plate (4021) connected to a piston rod of the second oil cylinder (5), an elastic element (4022) connected to the extrusion plate (4021), and an L-shaped plate (4023) connected to an end of the elastic element (4022) away from the extrusion plate (4021), the L-shaped plate (4023) being slidably connected to the main housing (401) and the extrusion plate (4021); A mold cavity (6), the mold cavity (6) being opened in the lower beam (102), a third oil cylinder (7) being arranged on the lower beam (102), and a piston rod of the third oil cylinder (7) being connected to a lifting plate movable in the mold cavity (6); Wherein, a belt conveyor (8) for conveying shaped coal blocks (15) is also provided on the outer side of the lower beam (102); The frame (1) is provided with a mounting plate (12), a fourth oil cylinder (121) is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate (12), a piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder (121) is connected to a lifting plate (122), and a coal stacking rack (13) is provided on the lifting plate (122); The coal stacking rack (13) comprises a side plate (131) and a plurality of support members arranged on the side plate (131) in sequence from top to bottom, each of the support members comprising a left support rod (132) and a right support rod (133) arranged on both sides of the side plate (131), a forklift tube (134) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the support member, a plug hole (1341) is provided on the forklift tube (134), and a plug rod (1221) plugged into the plug hole (1341) is fixedly provided on the lifting plate (122); The main housing (401) and the lower beam (102) are both provided with ear plates (10), and an elastic telescopic rod (1001) is provided between the two ear plates (10); The pre-extrusion assembly comprises a rotating rod (9) rotatably connected to the main housing (401), the rotating rod (9) being provided with a crank shaft (901), the crank shaft (901) being sleeved with a collar (902), the collar (902) being fixedly provided with a connecting rod (903), the end of the connecting rod (903) away from the collar (902) being movably connected with an extrusion block (904), the extrusion block (904) being slidably connected to the main housing (401), the end of the rotating rod (9) being provided with a driven gear (905), and the lower beam (102) being provided with a rack plate (11) meshing with the driven gear (905); The belt conveyor (8) is arranged between the left support rod (132) and the right support rod (133), and the upper surface of the belt of the belt conveyor (8) is 2-4 mm higher than the upper surface of the support member.

2. A coal block forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower beam (102) is connected to a coal block flap (14) via a rotating shaft, a counterweight (141) is arranged on the outer side of the coal block flap (14), the coal block flap (14) is placed on the upper side of a belt conveyor (8), two groups of belt conveyors (8) are provided, and the coal block flap (14) is placed between the two groups of belt conveyors (8).

3. A method for forming a coal block, using the coal block forming device according to claim 2 for processing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: placing the different types of coal powder after proportioning into the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3), controlling the stirring motor (301) to drive the stirring element (302) to rotate, and the stirring element (302) to stir and mix the different types of coal powder. After the coal powder is evenly mixed, controlling the electric push rod (303) to drive the discharge plug plate (304) to move, and the discharge plug plate (304) no longer blocks the bottom opening of the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3), and the coal powder in the stirring and heat-insulating hopper (3) falls into the feed hopper (4); S2: Then, the second oil cylinder (5) is controlled to operate, so that the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (5) drives the extrusion plate (4021) to move horizontally. When the extrusion plate (4021) moves, the elastic element (4022) drives the L-shaped plate (4023) to move, so that the L-shaped plate (4023) blocks the opening at the top of the feed hopper (4); As the squeezing plate (4021) continues to move laterally, the L-shaped plate (4023) abuts against the inner wall of the main shell (401), so the L-shaped plate (4023) will no longer move synchronously with the squeezing plate (4021), while the main shell (401) connected to the elastic telescopic rod (1001) is not easy to move, and the squeezing plate (4021) moves laterally relative to the L-shaped plate (4023) and the main shell (401), and the squeezing plate (4021) squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber; When the squeezing plate (4021) moves laterally relative to the L-shaped plate (4023) and the main housing (401), the main housing (401) is subjected to force and moves laterally along with the squeezing plate (4021), and the main housing (401) transmits the force received to the elastic telescopic rod (1001), the elastic telescopic rod (1001) is compressed, and the feed hopper (4) moves laterally under the push of the second oil cylinder (5), and in this process, the squeezing plate (4021) preliminarily squeezes the coal powder in the pre-storage chamber; During the transverse movement of the main housing (401), the rotating rod (9) on the main housing (401) meshes with the rack plate (11) provided on the lower beam (102) for transmission, the rotating rod (9) rotates and drives the sleeve ring (902) to move through the crank shaft (901), and the sleeve ring (902) drives the extrusion block (904) to slide relative to the main housing (401) through the connecting rod (903), so that the extrusion block (904) intermittently squeezes the coal in the pre-stored cavity, and the coal block initially formed by the extrusion plate (4021) is locally stressed, so that the internal structure of the coal block is continuously filled and moved; S3: The feed hopper (4) then moves to the upper side of the mold cavity (6), and the coal blocks in the pre-stored cavity automatically fall out, and the second oil cylinder (5) is controlled to drive the feed hopper (4) to move back, so as to prepare for the subsequent transfer of coal powder from the mixing and heat preservation hopper (3); S4: Then, the first oil cylinder (2) is controlled to drive the pressure head (201) to move downward, and the pressure head (201) presses down the preformed coal block in the mold cavity (6), so that a high-density molded coal block (15) is formed in the mold cavity (6). Then, the first oil cylinder (2) is controlled to drive the pressure head (201) to reset, and the piston rod of the third oil cylinder (7) drives the lifting plate to move upward so that the molded coal block (15) and the top surface of the lower beam (102) are in the same plane; S5: Repeat S1-S2. When the second oil cylinder (5) pushes the feed hopper (4) filled with coal powder to move horizontally, the feed hopper (4) pushes the shaped coal block (15) lifted by the lifting plate. The shaped coal block (15) moves horizontally and moves to the coal block flip plate (14). The coal block flip plate (14) is pressed downward by the shaped coal block (15) and flips around the rotating shaft. The shaped coal block (15) completes the flip and automatically falls onto the two sets of belt conveyors (8). The belt conveyors (8) convey the shaped coal block (15) to the end of the belt conveyor (8) and abut against the side plate (131) of the coal stacking rack (13). S6: Repeat S5. After the belt conveyor (8) conveys a fixed amount of shaped coal blocks (15), the fourth oil cylinder (121) is controlled to operate. The piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder (121) drives the coal stacking frame (13) to move upward through the lifting plate (122). When the left support rod (132) and the right support rod (133) on the coal stacking frame (13) move upward, they contact the shaped coal blocks (15) on the belt conveyor (8) and lift the shaped coal blocks (15), so that the coal stacking frame (13) is lifted as a whole. The support members of the next layer of the coal stacking frame (13) move upward to prepare for the subsequent lifting of the shaped coal blocks (15) transported by the belt conveyor (8). S7: Repeat S6. After a certain amount of shaped coal blocks (15) are placed on each layer of support members on the coal stacking rack (13), the staff controls the hydraulic fork of the forklift to insert into the forklift tube (134), controls the coal stacking rack (13) to move upward by one end as a whole, so that the forklift tube (134) is no longer plugged into the insertion rod (1221), and then the hydraulic fork of the forklift transfers the coal stacking rack (13).

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