Environment-friendly floor base material, PVC environment-friendly floor and preparation method and application of PVC environment-friendly floor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of decorative boards, and discloses an environment-friendly floor base material, a PVC environment-friendly floor and a preparation method and application of the PVC environment-friendly floor. The environment-friendly floor base material comprises PVC and other high polymer materials, and the other high polymer materials comprise at least one of PE, PP, PETG, PET, PS, LDPE, HDPE and EVA. The PVC environment-friendly floor sequentially comprises a base material layer, a color film layer and a wear-resistant layer from bottom to top, the base material layer comprises an environment-friendly floor base material. According to the invention, other high polymer materials are used for replacing part of PVC, so that the problem that other high polymer materials are difficult to recycle is avoided, and the environmental protection problem caused by discarding of other high polymer materials is also solved. The wear-resistant layer on the surface of the PVC environment-friendly floor does not contain plasticizers, so that the environmental protection property of the PVC environment-friendly floor is further improved, and adverse effects on human health caused by precipitation of the plasticizers are also avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of decorative plates, and particularly relates to an environmentally friendly floor substrate, a floor formed by combining PVC with other recycled polymers to form an environmentally friendly substrate, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] PVC (polyvinyl chloride) flooring has been used for many years. It is increasingly popular among the public because of its relatively low price and superior performance. However, the surface of PVC flooring is mainly soft wear-resistant layer, and plasticizers are often added to these soft wear-resistant layers, and the amount of plasticizer added generally reaches 17-32PHR (PHR means that the content of plasticizer in every 100 parts of base material is 17-32 parts). SPC flooring (composite flooring mainly composed of calcium powder, polyvinyl chloride, and stabilizer) is said to be free of PVC plasticizers, but this type of SPC flooring only contains no PVC plasticizers in the base material, and the wear-resistant layer on the surface of the base material still contains PVC plasticizers. Once the floor is abandoned and incinerated, the plasticizer will produce highly toxic substances (such as dioxins). And the wear-resistant layer is the outermost surface of the floor, which is easy for infants and children to touch. Once the floor is used for a long time, the plasticizer is easy to precipitate, which also has adverse effects on the health of infants and children.

[0003] In addition, in order to achieve Class B flame retardancy, the existing PVC flooring often uses only PVC as the base material, and rarely recycles other polymer materials, which is not only not conducive to environmental protection, but also may increase production costs. In addition, other polymer materials (such as PP polypropylene and PE polyethylene in diapers) are often difficult to recycle separately, resulting in a large amount of polymer materials being discarded, causing pollution problems.

[0004] With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, it is no longer possible to use recycled PVC materials to make flooring in China and sell them abroad, because it is impossible to confirm whether the recycled materials contain DOP (dioctyl phthalate), heavy metals and other raw materials.

[0005] In contrast, the current market recycles PP, PETG, PET, EVA, etc. The raw materials are simple, and the transparent colors have good recycling effects, but some colors are difficult to recycle, which also leads to large amounts of discards. In addition, some polymers have been used in combination with each other, such as PP polypropylene and PE polyethylene in diapers, which are often difficult to recycle separately, resulting in a large amount of polymer materials being discarded, causing pollution problems.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to promote recycled environmentally friendly flooring. The floor substrate can be of any color. The existing PVC can be mixed with other polymers and the amount of different polymer materials can be added according to the demand characteristics for continuous circulation. This provides a low-cost, environmentally friendly PVC flooring and solves the problem of plastic recycling in society. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an environmentally friendly floor substrate, a PVC environmentally friendly floor, and a preparation method and application thereof. The PVC environmentally friendly floor makes full use of other polymer materials (such as PE, PP, etc.), avoids the problem of difficulty in recycling other polymer materials, and also solves the environmental problems caused by the discarding of other polymer materials. The present invention adopts other polymer materials to replace part of PVC to prepare the PVC environmentally friendly floor substrate, reduces the use of PVC, and is conducive to reducing costs and improving environmental protection. In addition, according to different addition amounts, maintaining the same floor characteristics, after other polymer materials can be used to replace part of PVC, the flame retardant performance of the prepared PVC environmentally friendly floor can still reach Class B, and the flame retardant effect is good.

[0008] The new alloy material environmentally friendly floor substrate is characterized by maintaining high flame retardancy (B-level flame retardancy and low smoke density) and the physical, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the floor substrate (such as elasticity and shrinkage, warping and deformation) while keeping low cost.

[0009] The inventive concept of the present invention is: the present invention uses other polymer materials to replace part of PVC, so that the stability of the prepared PVC environmentally friendly floor is the same as that of the full PVC material floor. In addition, for the flame retardant performance, the proportion can be adjusted to still reach Class B, and the flame retardant effect is good. The problem of the difficulty in recycling other polymer materials is avoided, and the environmental problems caused by the disposal of other polymer materials are also solved.

[0010] In addition, the wear-resistant layer on the surface of the environmentally friendly PVC floor of the present invention does not contain plasticizer. The wear-resistant layer on the surface of the environmentally friendly PVC floor of the present invention uses PETG to replace the PVC wear-resistant layer containing plasticizer or other wear-resistant layers containing plasticizer in the prior art, which further improves the environmental protection of the environmentally friendly PVC floor and avoids the adverse effects of plasticizer precipitation on human health.

[0011] A first aspect of the present invention provides an environmentally friendly floor substrate.

[0012] Specifically, an environmentally friendly floor substrate includes PVC and other polymer materials, wherein the other polymer materials include at least one of PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PETG (polyethylene terephthalate-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester / polyethylene terephthalate-neopentyl glycol ester), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PS (polystyrene), LDPE (low-density polyethylene), HDPE (high-density polyethylene material), and EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer). The substrate layer does not contain a plasticizer.

[0013] Preferably, the environmentally friendly floor substrate further comprises at least one of a filler, a stabilizer, a lubricant, and an additive. The stabilizer and lubricant are conventional reagents in the art. For example, the stabilizer may be a calcium zinc stabilizer. Other conventional additives may also be added according to actual needs.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes trimethylolpropane, ethylene terpolymer (EAA / EBA / EMA and ethylene acrylate glycerol polymer) or chlorinated polyethylene / maleic anhydride ethylene graft. EAA represents ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, EBA represents ethylene butyl acrylate, and EMA represents ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer.

[0015] Preferably, in the environmentally friendly floor substrate, the content of other polymer materials is 5-50% by mass, preferably 10-40%; the content of PVC is 5-50% by mass, preferably 10-40%. Under this content, the amount of PVC is reduced, other polymer materials are recycled, and the flame retardant performance of the environmentally friendly PVC floor is ensured to be good. The flame retardancy of the environmentally friendly PVC floor of the present invention can be achieved without adding flame retardants.

[0016] Preferably, in the environmentally friendly floor substrate, the content of the filler is 20-80% by mass, preferably 20-70% by mass.

[0017] Preferably, the substrate layer may be composed of a PVC layer and other polymer material layers, or may be directly composed of a plate formed by mixing PVC and other polymer materials. The mixed plate may be formed by foaming or non-foaming.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a PVC environmentally friendly floor.

[0019] A PVC environmentally friendly floor comprises a substrate layer, and the substrate layer comprises the environmentally friendly floor substrate.

[0020] Preferably, the PVC environmentally friendly floor comprises a substrate layer, and further comprises at least one of a color film layer, a wear-resistant layer or a printed pattern layer.

[0021] Preferably, a PVC environmentally friendly floor comprises, from bottom to top, a substrate layer, a color film layer, and a wear-resistant layer; the substrate layer comprises the above-mentioned environmentally friendly floor substrate.

[0022] Preferably, the color film layer or the wear-resistant layer is selected from at least one of PETG film, PVC film, PP film, PE film, PET film or Surlyn resin film. The color film layer does not contain a plasticizer; the wear-resistant layer does not contain a plasticizer.

[0023] Preferably, the wear-resistant layer of the PVC environmentally friendly floor is further provided with a PUR layer, a UV paint layer or directly waxed for surface treatment.

[0024] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly PVC floor.

[0025] Specifically, a method for preparing a PVC environmentally friendly floor comprises the following steps:

[0026] The raw material components for preparing the substrate layer are mixed and extruded to obtain the substrate layer, and then the color film layer and the wear-resistant layer are attached to the surface of the substrate layer and pressed to obtain the PVC environmentally friendly floor.

[0027] Preferably, the substrate layer can be an ABA co-extruded or ABC co-extruded product, wherein A represents PVC, and B or C represents different other polymer material layers. The ratios of PVC and other polymer materials in the substrate layer can be different; the color film layer and the wear-resistant layer on the surface of the substrate layer can be obtained by thermal bonding, glue bonding, printing or digital printing. In addition, depending on the material of the color film layer or the wear-resistant layer, A can also be other polymer materials, and B can also be PVC.

[0028] Preferably, the color film layer can also be obtained by digital printing. If it is obtained by digital printing, UV film resistance treatment is required.

[0029] Preferably, after the lamination, a PUR layer (hot melt adhesive layer) or a UV paint layer is arranged on the wear-resistant layer. The UV paint layer may be subjected to surface treatment, and the surface treatment includes one or both of film pressing, excimer lamp matte treatment or EB irradiation (electronic book irradiation) treatment.

[0030] Preferably, the extrusion process may be carried out using an extruder or an internal mixer.

[0031] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an application of an environmentally friendly PVC floor.

[0032] The above-mentioned PVC environmentally friendly floor is used in the field of decoration.

[0033] Preferably, the decoration field includes indoor or outdoor decoration, such as home decoration, office decoration, and outdoor sports venue decoration.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) The present invention uses other polymer materials to replace part of PVC, so that the flame retardant performance of the prepared PVC environmentally friendly floor can still reach Class B, and the flame retardant effect is good. The problem of difficulty in recycling other polymer materials is avoided, and the environmental problems caused by the disposal of other polymer materials are also solved.

[0036] (2) The wear-resistant layer on the surface of the environmentally friendly PVC floor of the present invention does not contain plasticizer. The wear-resistant layer on the surface of the environmentally friendly PVC floor of the present invention uses PETG to replace the PVC wear-resistant layer containing plasticizer or other wear-resistant layers containing plasticizer in the prior art, which further improves the environmental protection of the environmentally friendly PVC floor and avoids the adverse effects of plasticizer precipitation on human health. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the PVC environmentally friendly floor according to Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following embodiments are listed for illustration. It should be pointed out that the following embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0040] Example 1: Preparation of PVC environmentally friendly floor

[0041] A PVC environmentally friendly floor comprises, from bottom to top, a base material layer, a color film layer, and a wear-resistant layer;

[0042] The thickness of the substrate layer, color film layer, and wear-resistant layer are 2.7mm, 0.07mm, and 0.23mm respectively; the total thickness is 3mm;

[0043] The color film layer is PETG film; the wear-resistant layer is PETG film;

[0044] The substrate layer includes PVC and other polymer materials, and the other polymer materials include PP (polypropylene) and LDPE (low-density polyethylene). The substrate layer does not contain a plasticizer. The substrate layer is composed of an environmentally friendly floor substrate, and the specific components are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1

[0046]

[0047] The preparation method of the above-mentioned environmentally friendly PVC floor comprises the following steps:

[0048] The raw material components for preparing the substrate layer are mixed and extruded in an extruder (the extrusion process is a conventional technology in the art) to obtain the substrate layer, and then a color film layer and a wear-resistant layer are attached to the surface of the substrate layer and pressed (the pressing process is a conventional technology in the art) to obtain the PVC environmentally friendly floor.

[0049] Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of the PVC environmentally friendly floor according to Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 100 represents the substrate layer, 200 represents the color film layer, and 300 represents the wear-resistant layer.

[0050] Example 2: Preparation of environmentally friendly PVC floor

[0051] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that an equal amount of PE is used instead of LDPE, and the rest of the process is the same as Example 1.

[0052] Example 3: Preparation of PVC environmentally friendly floor

[0053] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that PETG is used in equal amounts to replace PP and LDPE, and the rest of the process is the same as that of Example 1.

[0054] Example 4: Preparation of PVC environmentally friendly floor

[0055] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that Example 4 uses equal amounts of PETG instead of PP and LDPE, and no color film layer or wear-resistant layer is attached to the surface of the substrate layer in Example 4. The substrate layer is directly embossed, and the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] An existing SPC floor includes, from bottom to top, a base material layer, a color film layer, and a wear-resistant layer;

[0058] The thickness of the substrate layer, color film layer, and wear-resistant layer are 2.7mm, 0.07mm, and 0.23mm respectively; the total thickness is 3mm;

[0059] The wear-resistant layer is a PVC film, and the PVC film contains 28PHR plasticizer (dioctyl terephthalate, DOTP).

[0060] The color film layer is a printed skin and does not contain plasticizer.

[0061] The composition of the substrate layer is shown in Table 2

[0062] Table 2

[0063] Dosage(kg) PVC 100 Heavy calcium carbonate 300 Calcium zinc stabilizer 5 Stearic acid 0.8 Polyethylene wax 0.6 CPE impact processing modifier chlorinated polyethylene 5 ACR impact processing modifier ACRZB-20ZB-1 3 PVC lubricity processing modifier ZB-175 1

[0064] The preparation method of the SPC floor comprises the following steps:

[0065] The raw material components for preparing the substrate layer are mixed and extruded in an extruder to obtain the substrate layer, and then a color film layer and a wear-resistant layer are attached to the surface of the substrate layer and pressed to obtain the SPC floor.

[0066] Product effect testing

[0067] 1. Flame retardancy

[0068] The flame retardancy of the substrate layer in Example 1 reaches Class B, and the flame retardancy of the substrate layer in Comparative Example 1 reaches Class B1. Compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 uses LDPE and PP to replace part of PVC, fully utilizes other polymer materials (LDPE and PP), reduces the use of PVC, and has better environmental protection.

[0069] 2. Floor dimensional stability test

[0070] Take 3 pieces of the floor prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 (numbered as piece 1, piece 2, and piece 3), and keep them at 80°C for 6 hours. Then observe the length and width shrinkage of each layer in the floor, as well as the warping of the floor as a whole. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3

[0072]

[0073] From the data in Table 3, it can be seen that the floor product prepared by using other polymer materials to replace part of PVC in Example 1 of the present invention has the same dimensional stability as the floor product prepared by using only PVC. However, the floor prepared by Example 1 of the present invention does not contain plasticizer and is more environmentally friendly.

[0074] The floor products prepared in Examples 2-4 of the present invention have similar effects to those in Example 1.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly floor substrate, It is characterized in that The environmentally friendly floor substrate includes PVC and other polymer materials, and the other polymer materials include at least one of PE, PP, PETG, PET, PS, LDPE, HDPE, and EVA.

2. The environmentally friendly floor substrate according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The environmentally friendly floor substrate further comprises at least one of a filler, a stabilizer, a lubricant and an auxiliary agent; the auxiliary agent comprises trimethylolpropane, ethylene terpolymer or chlorinated polyethylene / maleic anhydride ethylene graft.

3. The environmentally friendly floor substrate according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the environmentally friendly floor substrate, the content of other polymer materials is 5-50% by mass; and the content of PVC is 5-50% by mass.

4. The environmentally friendly PVC floor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the environmentally friendly floor substrate, the content of the filler is 20-80% by mass.

5. A PVC environmentally friendly floor, It is characterized in that The environmentally friendly PVC floor comprises a substrate layer, and the substrate layer comprises the environmentally friendly floor substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The environmentally friendly PVC floor according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The environmentally friendly PVC floor comprises a substrate layer, and also comprises at least one of a color film layer, a wear-resistant layer or a printed pattern layer; the wear-resistant layer of the environmentally friendly PVC floor is further provided with a PUR layer, a UV paint layer or directly waxed for surface treatment.

7. The environmentally friendly PVC floor according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The color film layer or the wear-resistant layer is selected from at least one of PETG film, PVC film, PP film, PE film, PET film or Surlyn resin film.

8. The method for preparing the environmentally friendly PVC floor according to any one of claims 6 to 7, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: The raw material components for preparing the substrate layer are mixed and extruded to obtain the substrate layer, and then a color film layer and a wear-resistant layer are attached to the surface of the substrate layer and pressed to obtain the PVC environmentally friendly floor.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The substrate layer can be an ABA co-extruded or ABC co-extruded product, wherein A represents PVC, B or C represents different other polymer material layers, and the proportions of PVC and other polymer materials in the substrate layer can be different; the color film layer and the wear-resistant layer on the surface of the substrate layer can be obtained by heat bonding, glue bonding, printing or digital printing.

10. Use of the environmentally friendly floor substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the environmentally friendly PVC floor according to any one of claims 5 to 8 in the field of decoration.

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