Copper matte blowing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a copper matte blowing method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) sampling and analyzing copper matte to obtain copper content, iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte; (2) adding copper matte and a flux into the converter, performing oxidation slagging on the copper matte, calculating the oxygen amount required by a slagging period according to the iron content and the oxygen content in the copper matte and the addition amount of the copper matte, predicting the time when the accumulated oxygen supply amount in the slagging period is close to the oxygen amount required by the slagging period as the end point of the slagging period, and discharging slag after the end point of the slagging period is reached; and (3) after slag discharging is completed, oxidation copper making is conducted on the remaining white matte in the converter, the oxygen amount needed in the copper making period is calculated according to the iron content, the sulfur content and the oxygen content in the copper matte and the adding amount of the copper matte, the time when the accumulated oxygen supply amount in the copper making period is predicted to be close to the oxygen amount needed in the copper making period is the end point of the copper making period, and copper discharging is conducted after the end point of the copper making period is reached. By means of the copper matte blowing method, the end points of the slagging period and the copper making period can be directly, rapidly and accurately predicted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to nonferrous metal smelting technology, in particular to a copper matte blowing method. Background Art

[0002] Copper matte refining is mainly divided into slag-making period and copper-making period. The slag-making period is to use matte as raw material and add flux to complete oxidation slag-making. The copper-making period is to produce crude copper by oxidation copper-making after slag removal. Due to the limited impurity removal capacity of crude copper in anode fire refining, in order to ensure the quality of cathode copper, the terminal product of electrolysis, the control of the end point of slag-making period and copper-making period of copper matte refining is very important.

[0003] In industrial practice, the end points of the slag-making period and copper-making period of copper matte blowing are determined based on the operator's practical experience, the flue gas and flame conditions, the furnace conditions (spattering) and the results of the samples during blowing. When the slag-making end point is reached, the flame state changes from yellow to milky white, the flue gas temperature is high, the rigidity is strong, and it is shiny; the frequency of splashing in the furnace body increases, the splashes are small, flocculent, floating weakly, the surface is shiny, and after solidification, it is hollow granular; the surface color of the test brazing sample after the furnace changes from grayish white to blue-gray, and then to oily black, with a metallic luster on the surface, a brittle structure and breaking and falling off. The slag and copper are clearly separated on the slag plate of the sample in front of the furnace, the overall color is gray and shiny, accompanied by flashing small bubbles, and there are copper green spots and dot-shaped pits on the surface. When the copper making period ends, the color of the smoke at the furnace mouth changes from turbid to clear, the smoke volume decreases, the visibility increases, and the yellow-green smoke gradually disappears; the flame changes from grayish white to brownish red, and finally to orange-red, and the flame is low and swaying weakly; the copper liquid splashes from the furnace mouth are small and in the shape of fireworks, changing from drips to bursts, and finally to spherical shapes; the spherical splashes jump on the guard plate, and the number increases from a few to many, from sparse to dense, and finally gradually disappears, and the splashes completely change from spherical to needle-shaped; the color of the adhesive on the surface of the brazing sample of the post-furnace test specimen changes from golden yellow to dark brown, and then to orange-red and rose-red, and finally the metallic luster fades, and at the same time the adhesive structure changes to a brittle type, the surface is pore-like, and changes from rough to smooth without pores, and the surface continues to bulge.

[0004] Different people have different perceptions of the same copper matte blowing process, and it is difficult to form a unified and effective basis for judgment. Therefore, it is very easy to misjudge the end of the slag-making period and the end of the copper-making period. A slight misjudgment may increase the blowing cycle and affect production efficiency. The extension of the cycle will inevitably increase energy consumption and cause the loss of valuable metals. Severe misjudgments directly cause furnace spraying and blasting incidents, damage on-site production equipment and facilities, and seriously endanger human safety.

[0005] Therefore, the current copper matte blowing method still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a copper matte blowing method, which can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end points of the slag-making period and the copper-making period, thereby shortening the blowing cycle, reducing energy consumption and the loss of valuable metals, and improving production efficiency and safety.

[0007] In one aspect of the present invention, a copper matte blowing method is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises: (1) sampling and analyzing the copper matte to obtain the copper content, iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte; (2) adding the copper matte and flux into a converter to oxidize and slag the copper matte, calculating the amount of oxygen required for the slag-making period according to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and calculating the cumulative oxygen supply during the slag-making period according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply duration of the converter, and predicting the time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the slag-making period approaches the amount of oxygen required for the slag-making period. The slag-making period is the end point of the slag-making period, and the slag is discharged after the end point of the slag-making period is reached; (3) after the slag is discharged, the remaining white matte (Cu2S) in the converter is oxidized to make copper, and the amount of oxygen required for the copper-making period is calculated based on the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper-making period is calculated based on the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter. The time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper-making period is close to the oxygen required for the copper-making period is predicted to be the end point of the copper-making period, and the copper is discharged after the end point of the copper-making period is reached.

[0008] According to the copper matte blowing method of the above embodiment of the present invention, the copper content, iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte can be obtained by sampling and analyzing the copper matte, and the amount of oxygen required for the slag-making period can be calculated according to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the amount of oxygen required for the copper-making period can be calculated according to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the cumulative oxygen supply in the slag-making period and the copper-making period can be calculated respectively according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in the slag-making period approaches the oxygen supply required in the slag-making period can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end point of the slag-making period, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in the copper-making period approaches the oxygen supply required in the copper-making period can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end point of the copper-making period. Therefore, the method can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end point of the slag-making period and the copper-making period, reduce the misjudgment of the end point of the slag-making period and the copper-making period, thereby shortening the blowing cycle, reducing energy consumption and the loss of valuable metals, and improving production efficiency and safety.

[0009] In addition, the copper matte blowing method according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), before reaching the predicted end point of the slag-forming period, the relative emission spectrum intensities of PbS and PbO in the flue gas generated during the slag-forming period are analyzed in real time, and the end point of the slag-forming period is determined based on the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensities of PbO and PbS in the flue gas. In this way, the end point of the slag-forming period can be determined more accurately.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensity of PbO to PbS is not less than 1.0, it is determined that the end point of the slag formation period has been reached. Thus, the end point of the slag formation period can be determined more accurately.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (3), before reaching the predicted end point of the copper-making period, the SO2 concentration value in the flue gas generated during the copper-making period is analyzed in real time, and the end point of the copper-making period is determined based on the SO2 concentration in the flue gas. In this way, the end point of the copper-making period can be determined more accurately.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the SO2 concentration in the flue gas generated during the copper-making period is not higher than 0.2%, it is determined that the copper-making period has reached its end point, thereby more accurately determining the end point of the copper-making period.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), copper matte and flux are added to the converter twice for oxidation slag formation, the first time copper matte and flux are added to the converter for oxidation slag formation is the first slag formation phase, and the second time copper matte and flux are added to the converter for oxidation slag formation is the second slag formation phase. The flux amounts required for the first slag formation phase and the second slag formation phase are calculated according to the following formulas, respectively:

[0015] S1=(0.3853-0.00525×W c )×Q1,

[0016] S2=(0.3726-0.00508×W c )×Q2,

[0017] Wherein, S1 is the flux required for the first stage of slag making, W c is the mass percentage of copper in the copper matte, Q1 is the amount of copper matte added in the first stage of slag making, S2 is the flux required in the second stage of slag making, and Q2 is the amount of copper matte added in the second stage of slag making. Thus, the amount of copper matte added to the converter can be increased, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making is calculated according to the following formula:

[0019] Q O1 =0.8795×Q1×(W F -2.62×W O ) / U1

[0020] Among them, Q O1 is the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U1 is the oxygen utilization rate in the first stage of slag making.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is calculated according to the following formula:

[0022] Q O2 =0.8795×Q2×(W F -2.62×W O ) / U2

[0023] Among them, Q O2 is the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U2 is the oxygen utilization rate in the second stage of slag making.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of oxygen required in the copper production period is calculated according to the following formula:

[0025] Q O3 =1.05×(Q1+Q2)×(W S -0.573×(W F -2.62×W O )) / U3

[0026] Among them, Q O3 is the amount of oxygen required for the copper-making period, W S is the mass percentage of sulfur in copper matte, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U3 is the oxygen utilization rate during the copper making period.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a copper matte blowing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a copper matte blowing method. According to an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The method comprises the following steps:

[0032] S100: Sampling and analysis of copper matte

[0033] In this step, the copper matte is sampled and analyzed to obtain the copper content, iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte. Subsequently, the amount of oxygen required for the slag-making period can be calculated based on the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added. The end point of the slag-making period can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately according to the time when the cumulative oxygen supply is close to the oxygen amount required for the slag-making period; the amount of oxygen required for the copper-making period can be calculated based on the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added. The end point of the copper-making period can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately according to the time when the cumulative oxygen supply is close to the oxygen amount required for the copper-making period.

[0034] S200: Add copper matte and flux into the converter to oxidize the copper matte and form slag

[0035] In this step, copper matte and flux are added into the converter, and the copper matte is oxidized and slag-formed under blasting state, so that FeS in the copper matte reacts with the flux to produce slag. Due to the different specific gravities of slag and copper, the slag floats on the surface of the melt, and the iron in the copper matte can be separated from the main metal. The amount of oxygen required for the slag-forming period is calculated according to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the cumulative oxygen supply during the slag-forming period is calculated according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter. The time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the slag-forming period is close to the oxygen required for the slag-forming period is predicted to be the end point of the slag-forming period, and slag is discharged after the end point of the slag-forming period is reached. The inventors found that the oxygen in the copper matte mainly exists in the form of Fe3O4, and the content of iron in the copper matte in the form of Fe3O4 can be calculated based on the oxygen content in the copper matte; the iron in the copper matte mainly exists in the form of FeS and Fe3O4, and the content of iron in the copper matte in the form of FeS can be obtained based on the difference between the iron content in the copper matte (i.e., the total iron content in the copper matte) and the content of iron in the form of Fe3O4, and the content of FeS in the copper matte can be calculated based on the content of iron in the form of FeS in the copper matte. Therefore, the content of FeS in the copper matte can be calculated based on the oxygen content in the copper matte and the iron content in the copper matte. The FeS content in the copper matte is calculated, and the amount of oxygen required in the slag-making period is mainly the amount of oxygen required for the oxidation of FeS in the copper matte. The amount of oxygen required for the oxidation of FeS in the copper matte can be obtained according to the FeS content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, that is, the amount of oxygen required in the slag-making period can be obtained. Therefore, the amount of oxygen required in the slag-making period can be calculated according to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added; the cumulative oxygen supply in the slag-making period can be calculated according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, and the end point of the slag-making period can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately according to the time when the cumulative oxygen supply is close to the amount of oxygen required in the slag-making period. Therefore, the method can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end point of the slag-making period, reduce the misjudgment of the end point of the slag-making period, thereby shortening the blowing cycle, reducing energy consumption and the loss of valuable metals, and improving production efficiency and safety.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the capacity of the converter is limited, in order to increase the amount of copper matte added to the converter, copper matte and flux can be added to the converter twice for oxidation slag making. The first time copper matte and flux are added to the converter for oxidation slag making is the first slag making period. After reaching the end of the first slag making period and slagging, copper matte and flux are added to the converter for oxidation slag making for the second time, which is the second slag making period. In this way, the processing amount of copper matte can be increased under the condition of a certain capacity of the converter. It should be noted that the amount of copper matte added in the first slag making period and the second slag making period is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can make a selection according to the capacity of the converter.

[0037] Furthermore, the flux used may be quartz flux, and the flux amounts required for the first slag-making phase and the second slag-making phase are calculated according to the following formulas:

[0038] S1=(0.3853-0.00525×Wc )×Q1,

[0039] S2=(0.3726-0.00508×W c )×Q2,

[0040] Among them, S1 is the flux required for the first stage of slag making, W c is the mass percentage of copper in the copper matte, Q1 is the amount of copper matte added in the first stage of slag making, S2 is the amount of flux required for the second stage of slag making, and Q2 is the amount of copper matte added in the second stage of slag making.

[0041] Thus, sulfides of impurity elements in the copper matte can be oxidized and form slag with a sufficient amount of flux, thereby being separated from the main metal.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the occurrence rates of SO2 and SO3 generated by oxidation of S in FeS in the first stage of slag making are 93% and 7% respectively. The amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0043] Q O1 =0.8795×Q1×(W F -2.62×W O ) / U1

[0044] Among them, Q O1 is the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U1 is the oxygen utilization rate of slag-making phase I. Therefore, the end point of slag-making phase I can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately according to the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in slag-making phase I approaches the oxygen required in slag-making phase I.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the occurrence rates of SO2 and SO3 generated by oxidation of S in FeS in the second stage of slag making are 93% and 7% respectively, and the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is calculated according to the following formula:

[0046] Q O2 =0.8795×Q2×(W F -2.62×W O ) / U2

[0047] Among them, Q O2 is the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U2 is the oxygen utilization rate of slag-making phase II. Therefore, the end point of slag-making phase II can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately according to the time when the cumulative oxygen supply of slag-making phase II approaches the oxygen required for slag-making phase II.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, before reaching the predicted end point of the slag-making period, the emission spectrum detection technology can be used to start real-time analysis of the relative emission spectrum intensity of PbS and PbO in the flue gas generated during the slag-making period, and the end point of the slag-making period can be judged according to the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensity of PbO and PbS in the flue gas. The inventor found that in the initial stage of copper matte blowing, FeS in the copper matte preferentially participates in the slag-making reaction, and other impurities in the copper matte mainly exist in the form of sulfides; in the early and middle stages of the slag-making stage, the emission spectrum in the flue gas is complemented by a high-resolution spectrum analyzer, and the emission spectrum of the Pb element mainly comes from PbS; in the middle and late stages of slag-making, the FeS in the copper matte decreases, and PbS begins to oxidize to generate PbO, and the emission spectrum of the Pb element mainly comes from PbO. The spectra of PbS and PbO can be converted into emission spectrum intensity numbers through signal conversion, and thus, the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensity of PbO and PbS can directly and clearly reflect the trend when the end point of the slag-making period is reached, so that the end point of the slag-making period can be judged more accurately. Furthermore, when the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensities of PbO and PbS gradually increases from 0.5 to not less than 1.0, it is determined that the end point of the slag-forming period has been reached.

[0049] S300: After slag discharge, the remaining white matte in the converter is oxidized to make copper

[0050] In this step, the white matte copper remaining after the slag is discharged in the converter is oxidized to make copper, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is calculated according to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period is calculated according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply duration of the converter, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period is close to the oxygen required for the copper making period is predicted as the end point of the copper making period, and copper is discharged after the end point of the copper making period is reached. The inventors have found that the FeS content in the copper matte can be calculated according to the oxygen content in the copper matte and the iron content in the copper matte, the content of sulfur in the copper matte in the form of FeS can be calculated according to the content of FeS in the copper matte, the content of sulfur oxidized in the copper matte during the copper making period can be obtained according to the difference between the sulfur content in the copper matte (i.e. the total sulfur content in the copper matte) and the content of sulfur in the form of FeS, and the total amount of copper matte added in the first and second slag making stages and the amount of sulfur in the copper matte during the copper making period can be calculated according to the total amount of copper matte added in the first and second slag making stages. The content of sulfur oxidized in the copper matte during the copper making period can be used to calculate the amount of oxygen required for the sulfur oxidized in the copper matte during the copper making period, that is, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period. Therefore, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period can be calculated according to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added. The cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period can be calculated according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply duration of the converter. The end point of the copper making period can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately according to the time when the cumulative oxygen supply is close to the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period. Therefore, the method can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end point of the copper making period, reduce the misjudgment of the end point of the copper making period, thereby shortening the blowing cycle, reducing energy consumption and the loss of valuable metals, and improving production efficiency and safety.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of oxygen required in the copper production period is calculated according to the following formula:

[0052] Q O3 =1.05×(Q1+Q2)×(W S -0.573×(W F -2.62×W O )) / U3

[0053] Among them, Q O3 is the amount of oxygen required for the copper-making period, W S is the mass percentage of sulfur in copper matte, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in the copper matte, and U3 is the oxygen utilization rate in the copper making period. Therefore, the end point of the copper making period can be predicted intuitively, quickly and accurately based on the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in the copper making period approaches the oxygen required in the copper making period.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, before reaching the predicted end point of the copper making period, the SO2 concentration value in the flue gas generated during the copper making period can be analyzed in real time, and the end point of the copper making period can be determined based on the SO2 concentration in the flue gas. Accurate SO2 concentration monitoring data can directly and clearly reflect the trend when the end point of the copper making period is reached, thereby more accurately determining the end point of the copper making period. Furthermore, when the SO2 concentration value in the flue gas generated during the copper making period is not higher than 0.2%, it is determined that the end point of the copper making period has been reached.

[0055] It should be noted that the specific method for real-time analysis of the SO2 concentration value in the flue gas generated during the copper making period is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select it as needed. As a specific example, the SO2 concentration value in the flue gas generated during the copper making period can be monitored in real time by ultraviolet differential absorption spectroscopy (DOAS).

[0056] The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] (1) The copper matte was sampled and analyzed, and the copper content, iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The analysis results are shown in Table 1. 0.15% of the oxygen in the copper matte exists in the form of Fe3O4;

[0059] (2) Slag-making phase I: 195.4 tons of copper matte and 74.70 tons of quartz were added to the converter to oxidize the copper matte and slag. The rate of SO2 and SO3 oxidation in FeS during the first phase of slag-making was 93% and 7% respectively. The oxygen utilization rate during the first phase of slag-making was 97%. The amount of oxygen required for slag-making phase I (i.e., the predicted amount of oxygen) was 25.88 tons, i.e., 18111 m 3 , as shown in Table 2, and the cumulative oxygen supply of the first stage of slag making is calculated according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply of the first stage of slag making is close to the oxygen required for the first stage of slag making is predicted as the end point of the first stage of slag making, and the time from the start of oxidation slag making in the first stage of slag making to the end of the first stage of slag making when the cumulative oxygen supply is equal to the calculated oxygen required for the first stage of slag making is the predicted time of the first stage of slag making, and the predicted time is shown in Table 3. Sampling is taken on site, and the actual end point of the first stage of slag making is judged manually according to the color of the sample brazing and the flame state. After reaching the actual end point of the first stage of slag making, slag discharge is carried out. The actual oxygen consumption of the first stage of slag making (obtained by instrument statistics) is shown in Table 2, and the actual time of oxidation slag making in the first stage of slag making is shown in Table 3;

[0060] (3) Slag making phase II: 129.5t of copper matte and 47.85t of quartz were added to the converter to oxidize the copper matte and make slag. The relevant raw materials were the same as those in phase I. The oxidation rate of S in FeS to SO2 and SO3 in phase II was 93% and 7% respectively. The oxygen utilization rate in phase II was 97%. The oxygen required for phase II (i.e., the predicted oxygen consumption) was 17.15t, i.e., 11998m3, based on the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added. 3 , as shown in Table 4, and the cumulative oxygen supply of the second stage of slag making is calculated according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply of the second stage of slag making is close to the oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is predicted as the end point of the second stage of slag making, and the time from the start of oxidation slag making in the second stage of slag making to the end of the second stage of slag making when the cumulative oxygen supply is equal to the calculated oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is the predicted time of the second stage of slag making, and the predicted time is shown in Table 5. Sampling is taken on site, and the actual end point of the second stage of slag making is judged manually according to the color of the sample and the flame state. After reaching the actual end point of the second stage of slag making, slag discharge is carried out. The actual oxygen consumption of the second stage of slag making (obtained by instrument statistics) is shown in Table 4, and the actual time of oxidation slag making in the second stage of slag making is shown in Table 5;

[0061] (4) Coppermaking period: After the slag is discharged, the remaining white matte in the converter is oxidized to make copper. The occurrence rates of SO2 and SO3 generated by oxidation of S in the coppermaking period are 90% and 10%, respectively. The oxygen utilization rate in the coppermaking period is set to 93%. As shown in Table 6, the amount of oxygen required in the coppermaking period (i.e., the predicted oxygen consumption) is 58.24 t, i.e., 40758 m3, calculated based on the iron content, sulfur content, and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added. 3, and calculate the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, and predict the time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period is close to the oxygen required for the copper making period as the end point of the copper making period, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply from the beginning of oxidation copper making in the copper making period to the end of the copper making period is equal to the calculated oxygen required for the copper making period is the predicted duration of the copper making period. The predicted duration is shown in Table 7. Sampling is taken on site, and the actual end point of the copper making period is judged manually based on the color of the sample solder and the flame state. After reaching the actual end point of the copper making period, copper is discharged. The actual oxygen consumption in the copper making period (obtained by instrument statistics) is shown in Table 6, and the actual duration of oxidation copper making in the copper making period is shown in Table 7.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Compared with Example 1, 191.9 tons of copper matte and 73.34 tons of quartz were added to the converter in the first stage of slag making. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making was 25.41 tons, i.e., 17782 m 3 In the second stage of slag making, 129.4t copper matte and 47.84t quartz are added to the converter. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is 17.14t, i.e. 11997m 3 According to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is 52.50t, or 36740m 3 , the rest remain unchanged.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] Compared with Example 1, 201.5 tons of copper matte and 77.04 tons of quartz were added to the converter in the first stage of slag making. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making was 26.69 tons, i.e., 18678 m 3 In the second stage of slag making, 122.6 tons of copper matte and 45.3 tons of quartz are added to the converter. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is 16.23 tons, that is, 11360 m 3 According to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is 57.15t, or 39992m 3 , the rest remain unchanged.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] Compared with Example 1, 174.5 tons of copper matte and 66.72 tons of quartz were added to the converter in the first stage of slag making. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making was 23.12 tons, i.e., 16177 m 3In the second stage of slag making, 131.3 tons of copper matte and 48.55 tons of quartz are added to the converter. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is 17.40 tons, that is, 12172m 3 According to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is 56.51t, or 39546m 3 , the rest remain unchanged.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] Compared with Example 1, 167.4 tons of copper matte and 63.98 tons of quartz were added to the converter in the first stage of slag making. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making was 22.17 tons, i.e., 15513 m 3 In the second stage of slag making, 126.6 tons of copper matte and 46.80 tons of quartz are added to the converter. According to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is 16.77 tons, that is, 11733 m 3 According to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, the amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is 54.10t, or 37856m 3 , the rest remain unchanged.

[0070] Table 1

[0071] Matte composition Cu S Fe O <![CDATA[SiO2]]> other Mass percentage / % 58.00 21.5 15 0.15 / 5.35

[0072] Table 2 Comparison of actual and predicted oxygen consumption in the first phase of slag making

[0073]

[0074] Table 3 Comparison of actual and predicted blowing time of the first phase of slag making

[0075]

[0076] Table 4 Comparison of actual and predicted oxygen consumption in the second phase of slag making

[0077]

[0078] Table 5 Comparison of actual and predicted blowing time of the second stage of slag making

[0079]

[0080] Table 6 Comparison of actual and predicted oxygen consumption during copper production period

[0081]

[0082] Table 7 Comparison of actual and predicted blowing time during copper making period

[0083]

[0084] It can be seen from Examples 1-5 that the amount of oxygen required for the first phase of slag making is calculated based on the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the cumulative oxygen supply in the first phase of slag making is calculated based on the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, and the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in the first phase of slag making is close to the oxygen required for the first phase of slag making is predicted as the end point of the first phase of slag making, and the deviation of the predicted duration of the first phase of slag making is not more than 1.23%. The amount of oxygen required for the second phase of slag making is calculated based on the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter are calculated. Calculate the cumulative oxygen supply in the second stage of slag making, predict the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in the second stage of slag making is close to the oxygen required in the second stage of slag making as the end point of the second stage of slag making, and the deviation of the predicted duration of the second stage of slag making is no more than 1.67%. Calculate the oxygen required for the copper making period according to the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and calculate the cumulative oxygen supply in the copper making period according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply duration of the converter. Predict the time when the cumulative oxygen supply in the copper making period is close to the oxygen required in the copper making period as the end point of the copper making period, and the deviation of the predicted duration of the copper making period is no more than 3.40%. It can be seen that this method can intuitively, quickly and accurately predict the end points of the slag making period and the copper making period.

[0085] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A copper matte blowing method, characterized in that: include: (1) Sampling and analyzing the copper matte to obtain the copper content, iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte; (2) adding copper matte and flux into the converter, oxidizing the copper matte to form slag, calculating the amount of oxygen required for the slag-forming period according to the iron content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added, and calculating the cumulative oxygen supply during the slag-forming period according to the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter, predicting the time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the slag-forming period is close to the oxygen required for the slag-forming period as the end point of the slag-forming period, and performing slag discharge after reaching the end point of the slag-forming period; (3) After the slag is discharged, the remaining white matte in the converter is oxidized to make copper. The amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is calculated based on the iron content, sulfur content and oxygen content in the copper matte and the amount of copper matte added. The cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period is calculated based on the instantaneous air supply rate and air supply time of the converter. The time when the cumulative oxygen supply during the copper making period is close to the oxygen required for the copper making period is predicted to be the end point of the copper making period. Copper is discharged after the end point of the copper making period is reached.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), before reaching the predicted end point of the slag-forming period, real-time analysis of the relative emission spectrum intensities of PbS and PbO in the flue gas generated during the slag-forming period is started, and the end point of the slag-forming period is determined based on the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensities of PbO and PbS in the flue gas.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that When the ratio of the relative emission spectrum intensities of PbO and PbS is not less than 1.0, it is judged that the end point of the slag-forming period has been reached.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), before reaching the predicted end point of the copper-making period, real-time analysis of the SO2 concentration in the flue gas generated during the copper-making period is started, and the end point of the copper-making period is determined based on the SO2 concentration in the flue gas.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas produced during the copper-making period is no higher than 0.2%, it is judged that the copper-making period has reached its end point.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), copper matte and flux are added to the converter twice for oxidation slag formation. The first time copper matte and flux are added to the converter for oxidation slag formation is the first stage of slag formation, and the second time copper matte and flux are added to the converter for oxidation slag formation is the second stage of slag formation. The flux amounts required for the first stage of slag formation and the second stage of slag formation are calculated according to the following formulas: S1=(0.3853-0.00525×W c )×Q1, <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">S2=(0.3726-0.00508×W<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> c <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> )×Q2, Wherein, S1 is the flux required for the first stage of slag making, W c is the mass percentage of copper in the copper matte, Q1 is the amount of copper matte added in the first stage of slag making, S2 is the amount of flux required for the second stage of slag making, and Q2 is the amount of copper matte added in the second stage of slag making.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making is calculated according to the following formula: Q O1 =0.8795×Q1×(W F -2.62×W O ) / U1 Among them, Q O1 is the amount of oxygen required for the first stage of slag making, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U1 is the oxygen utilization rate in the first stage of slag making.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making is calculated according to the following formula: Q O2 =0.8795×Q2×(W F -2.62×W O ) / U2 Among them, Q O2 is the amount of oxygen required for the second stage of slag making, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U2 is the oxygen utilization rate in the second stage of slag making.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The amount of oxygen required for the copper making period is calculated according to the following formula: Q O3 =1.05×(Q1+Q2)×(W S -0.573×(W F -2.62×W O )) / U3 Among them, Q O3 is the amount of oxygen required for the copper-making period, W S is the mass percentage of sulfur in copper matte, W F is the mass percentage of iron in copper matte, W O is the mass percentage of oxygen in copper matte, and U3 is the oxygen utilization rate during the copper making period.

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