Dredging system and dredging method

Abstract

The invention relates to a desilting system which comprises a first ship body, a second ship body and a third ship body. The hoisting equipment is arranged on the first ship body; the water-permeable mud scraping device comprises a shell with a first opening in the rear end and a plurality of water-permeable holes; the bag body is opened and fixed to the inner wall of the shell in an attached mode and is provided with a second opening, and the second opening faces the first opening; the first end of the first cable is connected with the output end of the hoisting equipment, and the second end is connected with the front end of the shell. According to the dredging system, the first ship body, the hoisting equipment and the permeable mud scraping device are integrated, meanwhile, the functions of ship body movement, throwing and traction of the permeable mud scraping device and sludge unloading are achieved, the structural design is ingenious, and the equipment cost and energy consumption are reduced. Meanwhile, the permeable mud scraping device has the advantages of being low in disturbance and water content when used for scraping and collecting the mud, the hoisting equipment can rotate to adjust the direction of the permeable mud scraping device, and the desilting coverage range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, and in particular to a silt removal system and a silt removal method. Background Art

[0002] Water body dredging is the whole process of cutting, collecting, extracting and transporting the silt from the bottom of rivers and lakes to specific areas for centralized environmental treatment. The pollutants in the silt are mainly distributed in the floating mud and flowing mud in the shallow layer of the bottom mud of 0 to 20 cm. The upper part is slurry (floating mud) and the lower part is fluid (flowing mud). It has a bad smell and is generally black or gray-black. The geological deposition age is relatively new and the organic matter deposition rate is fast. It is the product of the impact of human activities (eutrophication or enclosure aquaculture) on the water environment in recent decades. This part of the silt shows the characteristics of bedload and is easily lifted up by the combined dynamic factors such as wind and waves and wind-blown currents, and gathers downwind under the help of wind.

[0003] The existing dredging technologies mainly include hydraulic flushing + pump suction, dredging + filling / shipping, stirring suction and other technologies. During the implementation of the above technologies, not only will the sludge be stirred up and the nutrient salts in the sludge be accelerated to be released into the water body, but the cleared sludge needs to be dehydrated, piled up and landfilled, which also occupies land resources and is prone to cause secondary pollution.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, it has been proposed to dig a certain number of silt capture ditches of a certain depth when silt dredging is required, and the floating sludge and flowing sludge driven by natural hydrodynamics will fall to the bottom of the ditch when passing through the ditch. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with document number CN111411608A discloses an integrated method for sweeping, collecting and capturing endogenous pollutants and algae species on the surface of the lake bottom. This method is based on the simulation of the flow field of the lake, and determines the water flow auxiliary gathering area in the flow field, that is, the area where the flow velocity is reduced and the silt carried by the water body is easy to settle. Silt capture troughs are arranged, and the natural carrying and sedimentation of the water flow are used to collect the settled floating sludge and flowing sludge, and the amount of highly polluted sludge collected in the capture trough is regularly monitored. At the same time, the silt in the capture trough is regularly removed by means of water excavators, etc. The average annual thickness of sludge deposited in the silt capture trough is about 1.1m, the dredging efficiency is extremely low, the process is complicated, and the equipment cost is high.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention disclose a dredging system and a dredging method to solve the problems of complex structure and process of the dredging system and high equipment cost.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The dredging system comprises: a first hull, which travels in the riverbed or lakebed in the area to be dredged; a water-permeable scraper device, which comprises: a shell, the rear end of which has a first opening and is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes; a bag body, which is stretched and fixed to the inner wall of the shell body, and has a second opening, and the second opening is arranged toward the first opening; a lifting device, which is rotatably arranged on the first hull, and has a first cable, a first end of which is connected to the output end of the lifting device, and a second end of which is connected to the front end of the shell body; wherein the lifting device unwinds the first cable and throws the shell to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged, and the lifting device rewinds the first cable and pulls the shell to move toward the first hull at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged, and the shell scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged and puts it into the bag body.

[0009] Its further technical solution is that the shell includes: a bottom plate, which is a square plate; a side plate, which has two pieces, and the lower ends are connected to the two sides of the bottom plate; a top plate, both sides of which are connected to the upper ends of the side plates, and the front end is connected to the front end of the bottom plate; a frame, which is connected to the bottom plate, the side plate and the rear end of the top plate; movable wheels, which are rotatably arranged on both sides of the frame; wherein the water permeable holes are opened on the bottom plate, the two side plates and the top plate.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the top plate is an arc-shaped plate, the shape of the side plate matches the arc-shaped plate, and the rear end of the bottom plate is tilted downward.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the water-permeable scraper device comprises: a rotating shaft passing through the frame, with both ends connected to the movable wheel; and a toothed portion is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the movable wheel.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the bag body is a first filter bag, the first filter bag filters moisture in the sludge, the first filter bag is bolted to the shell, and is made of high-strength polypropylene material or nylon material, with a pore size less than 1 mm.

[0013] Its further technical solution is that the lifting equipment includes: a winch, rotatably connected to the first hull; a boom, hinged to the upper end of the winch; a circular track, opened on the surface of the first hull 1, concentric with the rotation axis of the winch; a positioning frame, connected to the front end of the winch, and the lower end is slidably connected to the track; a first pulley, rotatably set on the boom, for the first cable to pass through.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a third winch is arranged at the front end of the winch, and the third winch reels and unwinds a limit rope. The front end of the limit rope 28 is connected to a ring body, and the ring body is used for the first cable to pass through.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the dredging system further includes: a second hull, which stays on the side of the first hull, and includes: a lifting basket, which is clamped on the upper end of the second hull and has a second through hole; and a second filter bag, which is sleeved in the lifting basket.

[0016] The invention also discloses a dredging method, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, the first hull travels to the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted, and the lifting equipment throws the permeable sludge scraper device to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted;

[0018] Step S2, the lifting equipment pulls the water-permeable scraper device, and the water-permeable scraper device moves toward the first hull and scrapes the highly polluted silt on the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed into the bag body with low disturbance;

[0019] Step S3, the lifting equipment lifts the permeable sludge scraper device out of the riverbed or lakebed to discharge the sludge in the bag;

[0020] Step S4, adjusting the direction of the lifting equipment, and repeating steps S1 to S3 until all the silt in the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted area is removed.

[0021] Its further technical solution is that before the step of the lifting equipment of the first hull throwing the permeable sludge scraper device to the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged, it also includes the following steps: Step S0, surveying the terrain and silt distribution at the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed, and determining the lowest point of the riverbed or lake bed and the area with the most silt as the area of ​​the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (I) The dredging system of the present invention comprises a first hull, a lifting device and a water-permeable scraper device. The lifting device unwinds the first cable and throws the shell to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The lifting device reels the first cable and pulls the shell to move toward the first hull at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The shell scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged and enters the bag body. The dredging system integrates the first hull, the lifting device and the water-permeable scraper device into one, and simultaneously realizes the functions of hull movement, water-permeable scraper device throwing and pulling, and silt unloading. The structural design is ingenious, reducing equipment cost and energy consumption.

[0024] At the same time, the permeable scraper device has the advantages of low disturbance and low water content when scraping and collecting silt. The lifting equipment can rotate and adjust the position of the permeable scraper device, and the dredging coverage is wide.

[0025] (ii) The dredging method of the present invention locates the riverbed or lakebed area to be dredged, and then cyclically performs the process of throwing a permeable scraper device, pulling the permeable scraper device to collect highly polluted silt on the surface of the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed, and unloading the silt from the permeable scraper device, thereby achieving complete removal of silt in the riverbed or lakebed area to be dredged. The dredging method of this embodiment eliminates the need for installation of silt traps, has a simple process, and has high silt cleaning efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of the dredging system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the dredging system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the water-permeable mud scraper device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic side structural view of the water-permeable mud scraper device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the water-permeable mud scraper device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dredging system of the present invention from a top view.

[0032] Figure 7 The present invention is a flow chart of the dredging method.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. First hull; 11. Track; 12. Positioning pile; 13. Fourth capstan; 14. Third cable; 2. Lifting equipment; 21. Windlass; 211. First capstan; 212. Second capstan; 213. Second cable; 22. First cable; 23. Boom; 24. First pulley; 25. Positioning frame; 26. Second pulley; 27. Third capstan; 271. Ring body; 28. Limiting rope; 3. Water-permeable scraper device; 31. Shell; 311. Bottom plate; 312. Top plate; 313. Side plate; 314. Frame; 315. Water-permeable hole; 32. First filter bag; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Movable wheel; 341. Tooth; 35. Bolt; 4. Second hull; 41. Basket; 42. Second filter bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the device proposed by the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings adopt a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structure, proportion, size, etc. illustrated by the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0037] First embodiment:

[0038] This embodiment discloses a dredging system.

[0039] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is an axonometric diagram of the dredging system of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the dredging system includes a first hull 1 , a lifting device 2 and a water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 .

[0040] The first hull 1 travels in the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted.

[0041] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the dredging system of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the lifting device 2 is rotatably arranged on the first hull 1. Exemplarily, the lifting device 2 includes a winch 21, a boom 23, a track 11, a positioning frame 25, a pulley and a first cable 22. The winch 21 is rotatably connected to the first hull 1, and the winch 21 includes a first winch 211, a second winch 212 and a second cable 213. The first end of the first cable 22 is connected to the first winch 211, and the second end is connected to the rear end of the housing 31. The first end of the second cable 213 is connected to the second winch 212, and the second end is connected to the boom 23. The second winch 212 reels and unwinds the second cable 213, driving the boom 23 to rotate upward or downward. The boom 23 is hinged to the upper end of the winch 21, and is a truss structure with good tensile bearing performance. When the boom 23 rotates downward to a horizontal position, the front end extends a long distance out of the first hull 1 to achieve the casting of the water-permeable scraper device 3. The track 11 is circular and is provided on the surface of the first hull 1, and is concentric with the rotating shaft 33 of the winch 21. The positioning frame 25 is a truss structure, connected to the front end of the winch 21, and the lower end is slidably connected to the track 11. Preferably, the positioning frame 25 and the boom 23 are always in the same direction, and play a limiting and guiding role for the winch 21, ensuring that the surrounding sludge is cleaned in a circular manner with the winch 21 as the center, and ensuring the sludge treatment range. The first pulley 24 is rotatably arranged on the boom 23, for the first cable 22 to pass through.

[0042] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the water-permeable mud scraper device of the present invention. Figure 4 It is a schematic side structural view of the water-permeable mud scraper device of the present invention. Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the water-permeable mud scraper device of the present invention. Figure 3 to Figure 5As shown, the water-permeable scraper device 3 includes a shell 31 and a bag body. The rear end of the shell 31 has a first opening, and the shell 31 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 315. The bag body is stretched and fixed to the inner wall of the shell 31, and has a second opening, and the second opening is arranged toward the first opening. Exemplarily, the shell 31 includes a bottom plate 311, a side plate 313, a top plate 312, a frame 314 and a movable wheel 34. The bottom plate 311 is a square plate. The side plate 313 has two pieces, and the lower end is connected to both sides of the bottom plate 311. Both sides of the top plate 312 are connected to the upper ends of the side plates 313, and the front end is connected to the front end of the bottom plate 311. The frame 314 is square and is connected to the rear ends of the bottom plate 311, the side plates 313 and the top plate 312. The movable wheels 34 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the frame 314. Among them, the water-permeable holes 315 are provided on the bottom plate 311, the two side plates 313 and the top plate 312, so as to facilitate the further discharge of water in the sludge. Preferably, the top plate 312 is an arc-shaped plate, and the shape of the side plate 313 matches the arc-shaped plate, so as to increase the volume and water filtering area of ​​the water-permeable scraper device 3. The rear end of the bottom plate 311 is tilted downward, so as to facilitate better scraping of highly polluted bottom mud on the surface of the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed. The water-permeable scraper device 3 includes a rotating shaft 33, which passes through the frame 314, and is connected to movable wheels 34 at both ends. The movable wheels 34 have a certain width to prevent the front frame 314 from being excessively sunk into the sludge during the scraping process and being unable to be towed, and can also avoid obstacles to a certain extent when encountering obstacles during the scraping process. The bag body is a first filter bag 32, which filters water in the sludge. The first filter bag 32 is connected to the housing 31 with bolts 35, and is made of high-strength polypropylene material or nylon material, and the pore size is less than 1mm.

[0043] like Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, further, 6 to 8 teeth 341 are arranged at annular intervals on the outer side of the movable wheel 34, with a length not less than 5 cm and not more than 1 / 5 of the diameter of the movable wheel 34, which can improve the grip of the movable wheel 34 and avoid slipping.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, further, a third winch 27 is arranged at the front end of the winch 21, and the third winch 27 winds up and unwinds the limit rope 28. The front end of the limit rope 28 is connected to the ring body 271, and the ring body 271 is passed through by the first cable 22. When the water-permeable scraper 3 is cast, the third winch 27 unwinds the limit rope 28, so that the first cable 22 passing through the ring body 271 can be in a vertical state, ensuring that the water-permeable scraper 3 can be cast smoothly. The front end of the positioning frame 25 is rotatably provided with a second pulley 26 for the first cable 22 to pass through. When the water-permeable scraper 3 is towed, the third winch 27 winds up the limit rope 28, so that the first cable 22 passes through the second pulley 26, so that the traction height is reduced from the distance from the front end of the boom 23 to the bottom of the river or lake to the distance from the front end of the positioning frame 25 to the bottom of the river or lake, so that the traction direction of the water-permeable scraper 3 is as close to the horizontal as possible, so as to effectively exert the traction force, avoid the rear end of the water-permeable scraper 3 from tilting, and ensure the scraping effect.

[0045] Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the dredging system of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, further, the dredging system also includes a second hull 4, which stays on the side of the first hull 1 and includes a basket 41 and a second filter bag 42. The basket 41 is clamped on the upper end of the second hull 4, and a through hole is opened on the surface to facilitate water permeability. The second filter bag 42 is sleeved in the basket 41, and the highly polluted sludge discharged by the water-permeable scraper 3 is collected in the second filter bag 42 and the water therein is further filtered.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, further, the first hull 1 includes a positioning pile 12, a fourth winch 13 and a third cable 14. The positioning pile 12 is slidably arranged at the rear end of the first hull 1. The fourth winch 13 is arranged on the first hull 1 and is located on the side of the positioning pile 12. The first end of the third cable 14 is connected to the fourth winch 13, and the second end is connected to the positioning pile 12. The fourth winch 13 unwinds the third cable 14, so that the positioning pile 12 is inserted into the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed, so as to fix the hull during operation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the lifting device 2 unwinds the first cable 22, and throws the shell 31 to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The lifting device 2 reels the first cable 22, and pulls the shell 31 to move toward the first hull 1 at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The shell 31 scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged and enters the first filter bag 32. The first filter bag 32 filters the water in the silt. The dredging system of this embodiment integrates the first hull 1, the lifting device 2, and the water-permeable scraper 3 into one, and realizes the functions of hull movement, casting and pulling the water-permeable scraper 3, and silt unloading at the same time. The structural design is ingenious, reducing equipment cost and energy consumption.

[0048] At the same time, the water-permeable scraper device 3 has the advantages of low disturbance and low water content when scraping and collecting silt, and the lifting equipment 2 can rotate and adjust the orientation of the water-permeable scraper device 3, so the dredging coverage is wide.

[0049] Second embodiment:

[0050] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the dredging method of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also discloses a dredging method, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step S0, surveying the bottom terrain and silt distribution of the riverbed or lakebed, and determining the lowest depression of the riverbed or lakebed and the area with the most silt as the area of ​​the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted.

[0052] Specifically, a monitoring and early warning ship equipped with a dual-frequency echo sounder and a side-scan sonar is used to cruise in the target area. The side-scan sonar and the dual-frequency echo sounder send sound waves to the surrounding area, and the interference suppression algorithm is used to enhance the processing of the sound waves. The lakebed basin in the target area is located using a cross-positioning algorithm that combines the dual-frequency echo sounder and the side-scan sonar. The side-scan sonar is used to identify the silt sub-map around the lakebed basin, and the closed-loop detection algorithm is used to detect the silt sub-map. A silt probe is used to measure the lakebed depth and silt thickness in the silt distribution area. The dual-frequency echo sounder data is quickly mapped using Surfer to generate a mapping of the patrol results at the real geographical location.

[0053] The above method is derived from the company's invention patent with patent number ZL202110520712.6 and the name of "A method for rapid positioning of lake bed basins and rapid determination of silt distribution and thickness".

[0054] Step S1, the first hull 1 travels to the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted area, and the lifting equipment 2 throws the permeable sludge scraper 3 to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted.

[0055] Specifically, the boom 23 rotates downward to a horizontal position, and the front end of the boom 23 extends a long distance out of the first hull 1. The third winch 27 unwinds the limiting rope 28, so that the water-permeable scraper 3 naturally droops under the action of gravity and is flush with the front end of the boom 23. The hoist 21 of the lifting device 2 unwinds the first cable 22, so that the water-permeable scraper 3 sinks to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed.

[0056] Step S2, the lifting device 2 pulls the water-permeable scraper 3, and the water-permeable scraper 3 moves toward the first hull 1 and scrapes the highly polluted silt on the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed into the bag body with low disturbance.

[0057] Specifically, the boom 23 rotates upward, and the third winch 27 reels the limit rope 28, so that the first cable 22 passes through the second pulley 26. The winch 21 reels the first cable 22, and the first cable 22 pulls the housing 31 to move toward the first hull 1 at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted, and the housing 31 scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted into the first filter bag 32, and the first filter bag 32 filters the water in the silt and then discharges it from the water permeable hole 315.

[0058] Step S3, the lifting equipment 2 lifts the water-permeable sludge scraper 3 out of the riverbed or lakebed to discharge the sludge in the bag.

[0059] The winch 21 continues to reel in the first cable 22, lifting the housing 31 out of the riverbed or lakebed, and the sludge in the first filter bag 32 is unloaded into the second filter bag 42 of the second hull 4, so that the water-permeable sludge scraper device 3 can be used again.

[0060] Step S4, adjust the direction of the lifting device 2, and repeat steps S1 to S3 until all the silt in the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted is removed.

[0061] Specifically, the winch 21 is rotated at a certain angle, and the positioning frame 25 slides along the track 11 , so that the water-permeable scraper device 3 can cover the removal of silt in the circular area around the first hull 1 .

[0062] In this embodiment, after locating the riverbed or lakebed area to be dredged, the process of throwing the permeable scraper device 3, pulling the permeable scraper device 3 to collect the highly polluted silt on the bottom surface of the riverbed or lakebed, and unloading the silt from the permeable scraper device 3 is cyclically performed to achieve complete removal of the silt in the riverbed or lakebed area to be dredged. The dredging method of this embodiment eliminates the need for the installation of silt traps, has a simple process, and has high silt cleaning efficiency.

[0063] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A dredging system, characterized in that: include: The first hull (1) travels in the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted; The water-permeable sludge scraping device (3) comprises: The shell (31) has a first opening at the rear end and is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes (315); The bag body is opened and fixed to the inner wall of the shell (31), and has a second opening. The opening is arranged toward the first opening; A lifting device (2) is rotatably arranged on the first hull (1), and has a first cable (22), a first end of which is connected to an output end of the lifting device (2), and a second end of which is connected to a front end of the housing (31); The lifting device (2) unwinds the first cable (22) and throws the shell (31) to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged; the lifting device (2) reels in the first cable (22) and pulls the shell (31) at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged toward the first hull (1); the shell (31) scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged and enters the bag body.

2. The dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (31) comprises: The bottom plate (311) is a square plate; The side plates (313) are composed of two pieces, and the lower ends thereof are connected to the two sides of the bottom plate (311); A top plate (312), with two sides connected to the upper ends of the side plates (313), and a front end connected to the front end of the bottom plate (311); A frame (314) connected to the rear ends of the bottom plate (311), the side plates (313) and the top plate (312); Movable wheels (34) are rotatably arranged on both sides of the frame (314); The water permeable holes (315) are provided on the bottom plate (311), the two side plates (313) and the top plate (312).

3. The dredging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top plate (312) is an arc-shaped plate, the shape of the side plate (313) matches the arc-shaped plate, and the rear end of the bottom plate (311) is tilted downward.

4. The dredging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-permeable mud scraper device (3) comprises: a rotating shaft (33) passing through the frame (314) and having two ends connected to the movable wheel (34); a tooth portion (341) is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the movable wheel (34).

5. The dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bag body is a first filter bag (32), which filters moisture in sludge. The first filter bag (32) is connected to the shell (31) by bolts (35), and is made of high-strength polypropylene material or nylon material, with a pore size of less than 1 mm.

6. The dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting equipment (2) comprises: A winch (21) rotatably connected to the first hull (1); A boom (23) is hinged to the upper end of the hoist (21); The track (11) is circular and is provided on the surface of the first hull 1 and is concentric with the rotation axis (33) of the winch (21); A positioning frame (25) connected to the front end of the hoist (21), with the lower end slidably connected to the track (11); A first pulley (24) is rotatably arranged on the boom (23) for the first cable (22) to pass through.

7. The dredging system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third winch (27) is arranged at the front end of the hoist (21), and the third winch (27) is used to reel in and unreel a limiting rope (28). The front end of the limiting rope 28 is connected to a ring body (271), and the ring body (271) is used for the first cable (22) to pass through.

8. The dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desilting system further comprises: The second hull (4), which is located on the side of the first hull (1), comprises: A basket (41) is clamped on the upper end of the second hull (4) and has a second through hole; The second filter bag (42) is sleeved in the basket (41).

9. A dredging method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, the first hull (1) travels to the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted, and the lifting equipment (2) throws the permeable sludge scraper (3) to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted; Step S2, the lifting device (2) pulls the water-permeable scraper (3), and the water-permeable scraper (3) moves toward the first hull (1) and scrapes the highly polluted sludge on the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed into the bag body with low disturbance; Step S3, the lifting equipment (2) lifts the water-permeable sludge scraper (3) out of the riverbed or lakebed to discharge the sludge in the bag; Step S4, adjusting the direction of the lifting device (2), and repeating steps S1 to S3 until all the silt in the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted is removed.

10. The dredging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before the step of the lifting device (2) of the first hull (1) throwing the water-permeable scraper device (3) to the bottom of the river bed or lake bed to be desilted, the method further comprises the following steps: Step S0, surveying the bottom terrain and silt distribution of the riverbed or lakebed, and determining the lowest depression of the riverbed or lakebed and the area with the most silt as the area of ​​the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted.

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