Compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a compressed air energy storage device based on a turbocharging technology, which comprises an air compression mechanism communicated with an air storage cavity pipeline, a plurality of groups of air storage cavities are arranged, the air storage cavities are communicated with a gas turbine generator pipeline, and pipeline switching mechanisms are respectively arranged between the air storage cavities and the air compression mechanism and between the air storage cavities and the gas turbine generator. The waste gas end of the gas turbine generator is connected with a pipeline of the turbocharger, and the air compression output end of the turbocharger is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas turbine generator; according to the invention, excess or non-peak electric energy is used for air compression energy storage, and power generation is released at the peak of power utilization, so that the problems of peak load shifting and low-cost power utilization are solved, load balance of a distributed energy system and an intelligent power grid is realized, power supply reliability of the power grid is improved, and safe and economical operation of the power grid is ensured. And meanwhile, the turbocharging technology is introduced to the gas turbine generator end, the compressed air output conversion efficiency can be greatly improved, and the compressed air energy loss caused by direct exhaust gas emission is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the cost of electrochemical energy storage is high and it is not suitable for large-scale deployment. At the same time, electrochemical energy storage has high environmental requirements. Compressed air energy storage is a long-term, large-scale physical energy storage method with a relatively low price, and compressed air does not have high environmental requirements.

[0003] However, when the compressed air energy storage is released and a gas turbine generator is used to generate electricity, the exhaust gas is directly discharged, which will result in the loss of energy of the compressed air with residual pressure involved in combustion and power generation, that is, there is a large energy loss in the conversion process. Therefore, the present invention proposes a compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology. The compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology utilizes excess or non-peak electric energy to compress air for energy storage, and releases it to generate electricity during peak electricity consumption, thereby solving the problems of peak shaving and valley filling and low-cost electricity consumption, and realizing load balancing of distributed energy systems and smart grids. It can realize rapid peak-shaving and frequency-regulating response of the power grid, improve the reliability of power supply of the power grid, and ensure the safe and economical operation of the power grid. At the same time, by introducing turbocharging technology at the gas turbine generator end, the compressed air output conversion efficiency can be greatly improved, thereby reducing the compressed air energy loss caused by direct exhaust gas emissions.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology, including an air compression mechanism, an air storage chamber, a gas turbine generator, a pipeline switching mechanism and a turbocharger, the air compression mechanism is connected to the air storage chamber pipeline, the air storage chamber is provided with multiple groups, the air storage chamber is connected to the gas turbine generator pipeline, the air storage chamber and the air compression mechanism and the gas turbine generator are respectively provided with pipeline switching mechanisms, the exhaust end of the gas turbine generator is connected to the turbocharger pipeline, and the air compression output end of the turbocharger is connected to the intake end of the gas turbine generator.

[0006] A further improvement is that the pipeline switching mechanism includes an air intake branch pipe, a pressure detector, an air outlet branch pipe, an electrically controlled air valve and a main controller; the air compression mechanism is connected to multiple groups of air storage chambers through the air intake branch pipe, multiple groups of air storage chambers are provided with pressure detectors, multiple groups of air storage chambers are connected to the air intake end of the gas turbine generator through the air outlet branch pipe, the air intake branch pipe and the air outlet branch pipe are both provided with electrically controlled air valves, and the main controller is electrically connected to the pressure detector and the electrically controlled air valve, respectively.

[0007] Further improvements are: the air compression mechanism includes an electric motor, an air compressor and an air filter, the electric motor is electrically connected to an external power supply, the external power supply is a surplus or non-peak power supply, the electric motor is mechanically connected to the air compressor, the air compressor inlet pipe is connected to an air filter for filtering and removing impurities from the air before compressing it, and the air compressor outlet is connected to the air inlet branch pipe.

[0008] A further improvement is that a cooler is also provided on the air inlet branch pipe, a regenerator is also provided on the air outlet branch pipe, the cooler and the regenerator are connected by pipelines and a heat storage device is provided on the pipelines.

[0009] A further improvement is that a heat exchange insulation box is also provided on the pipeline between the outlet end of the gas turbine generator and the turbocharger, and a heat exchange coil is provided in the heat exchange insulation box. Heat exchange plates are distributed on the heat exchange coil for recycling the heat energy of the hot exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine generator.

[0010] A further improvement is that one end of the heat exchange coil is connected to an external water pipeline and is provided with a liquid pump, and the other end of the heat exchange coil is provided with an insulated water tank, and the water outlet end of the insulated water tank is connected to the external water pipeline.

[0011] A further improvement is that the exhaust gas outlet pipe of the turbocharger is connected to a gas purification box, a gas purification filter is provided in the gas purification box, and an exhaust port is provided on the side of the gas purification box away from the pipeline connected to the turbocharger to evolve and discharge the exhaust gas emitted by the gas turbine generator to avoid air pollution.

[0012] A further improvement is that the gas storage cavity is a metal gas storage tank or a salt dome cave, and the fuel port of the gas turbine generator is connected to an external fuel supply pipeline.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes excess or non-peak electric energy to compress air for energy storage, and releases it to generate electricity during peak electricity consumption, thereby solving the problems of peak shaving and valley filling and low-cost electricity consumption, and realizing load balance of distributed energy systems and smart grids. It can realize rapid peak-shaving and frequency-regulating response of the power grid, improve the reliability of power supply of the power grid, ensure the safe and economical operation of the power grid, and can also serve as a key support for industrial energy conservation and emergency power supply. At the same time, by introducing turbocharging technology at the gas turbine generator end, the compressed air output conversion efficiency can be greatly improved, thereby reducing the compressed air energy loss caused by direct exhaust gas emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the device of the present invention.

[0015] Among them: 1. air storage chamber; 2. gas turbine generator; 3. turbocharger; 4. air intake branch pipe; 5. pressure detector; 6. air outlet branch pipe; 7. electronically controlled air valve; 8. main controller; 9. electric motor; 10. air compressor; 11. air filter; 12. cooler; 13. heat regenerator; 14. heat storage; 15. heat exchange insulation box; 16. heat exchange coil; 17. heat exchange plate; 18. liquid pump; 19. insulation water storage tank; 20. gas purification box; 21. gas purification filter element; 22. exhaust port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] according to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology, including an air compression mechanism, an air storage chamber 1, a gas turbine generator 2, a pipeline switching mechanism and a turbocharger 3, the air compression mechanism is connected to the air storage chamber 1 through a pipeline, the air storage chamber 1 is provided with multiple groups, the air storage chamber 1 is connected to the gas turbine generator 2 through a pipeline, a pipeline switching mechanism is provided between the air storage chamber 1 and the air compression mechanism and the gas turbine generator 2, respectively, the exhaust end of the gas turbine generator 2 is connected to the turbocharger 3 through a pipeline, and the air compression output end of the turbocharger 3 is connected to the intake end of the gas turbine generator 2.

[0018] The pipeline switching mechanism includes an air intake branch pipe 4, a pressure detector 5, an air outlet branch pipe 6, an electrically controlled gas valve 7 and a main controller 8. The air compression mechanism is connected to multiple groups of air storage chambers 1 through the air intake branch pipe 4. The multiple groups of air storage chambers 1 are provided with pressure detectors 5. The multiple groups of air storage chambers 1 are connected to the air intake end of the gas turbine generator 2 through the air outlet branch pipe 6. The air intake branch pipe 4 and the air outlet branch pipe 6 are both provided with electrically controlled gas valves 7. The main controller 8 is electrically connected to the pressure detector 5 and the electrically controlled gas valve 7 respectively.

[0019] When storing compressed air, the pressure value in the air storage cavity is detected by the pressure detector. When the pressure reaches the set value, the main controller controls the electric control air valve on the air intake branch pipe on the air storage cavity to close and opens the electric control air valve on the air intake branch pipe on another group of air storage cavities to store compressed air;

[0020] When compressed air is released, the air pressure value in the air storage chamber is detected by the pressure detector. After it is reduced to normal air pressure, the main controller controls to close the electric-controlled air valve on the air outlet branch pipe on the air storage chamber and open the electric-controlled air valve on the air outlet branch pipe on another set of air storage chambers filled with compressed air to supply air.

[0021] The air compression mechanism includes an electric motor 9, an air compressor 10 and an air filter 11. The electric motor 9 is electrically connected to an external power supply, and the external power supply is a surplus or non-peak power supply. The electric motor 9 is mechanically connected to the air compressor 10. The air inlet pipe of the air compressor 10 is connected to the air filter 11 for filtering and removing impurities from the air before compressing it. The air outlet of the air compressor 10 is connected to the air inlet branch pipe 4.

[0022] A cooler 12 is also provided on the air inlet branch pipe 4, and a regenerator 13 is also provided on the air outlet branch pipe 6. The cooler 12 and the regenerator 13 are connected by pipelines, and a heat storage device 14 is provided on the pipelines.

[0023] A heat exchange insulation box 15 is also provided on the pipeline between the outlet end of the gas turbine generator 2 and the turbocharger 3. A heat exchange coil 16 is provided in the heat exchange insulation box 15. Heat exchange fins 17 are distributed on the heat exchange coil 16 for recycling the heat energy of the hot exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine generator.

[0024] One end of the heat exchange coil 16 is connected to an external water pipeline and is provided with a liquid pump 18, and the other end of the heat exchange coil 16 is provided with an insulation water storage tank 19, and the water outlet end of the insulation water storage tank is connected to the external water pipeline.

[0025] The exhaust gas outlet pipe of the turbocharger 3 is connected to a gas purification box 20, in which a gas purification filter element 21 is arranged. The gas purification box 20 is provided with an exhaust port 22 on the side away from the pipeline connected to the turbocharger 3, so as to evolve and discharge the exhaust gas emitted by the gas turbine generator to avoid air pollution.

[0026] The gas storage chamber 1 is a metal gas storage tank, and the fuel port of the gas turbine generator 2 is connected to an external fuel supply pipeline, and the external fuel supply pipeline provides fuel to mix with compressed air to burn and generate electricity.

[0027] When the compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology is used, the excess or non-peak electric energy is used to start the motor to drive the air compressor to compress the air. The air is filtered out of impurities by the air filter and then enters the air compressor for compression, and then enters the air storage chamber through the pipeline. Before entering the air storage chamber, the compressed air is cooled by the cooler and the heat energy is stored in the heat storage device.

[0028] When the compressed air is released, it enters the gas turbine generator through the pipeline. Before entering, the compressed air is reheated by the regenerator. After entering the gas turbine generator, it is mixed with fuel and burned to generate electricity. The compressed air can be converted into electrical energy output. The exhaust gas generated by combustion contains a large amount of heat energy, which is recovered through heat exchange tubes and heat exchange coils. The exhaust gas after heat exchange and cooling is mixed with some low-pressure compressed air and still has a certain pressure. It is connected to the exhaust gas inlet of the turbocharger to drive its operation, and the air is sucked in from the air inlet of the turbocharger again. After compression, the compressed air is input into the intake end of the gas turbine generator to increase the energy loss of the compressed air, and the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust outlet of the turbocharger passes through the gas purification filter element in the gas purification box and is discharged from the exhaust port.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air compression mechanism, an air storage chamber (1), a gas turbine generator (2), a pipeline switching mechanism and a turbocharger (3); the air compression mechanism is connected to the air storage chamber (1) through a pipeline; the air storage chamber (1) is provided with a plurality of groups; the air storage chamber (1) is connected to the gas turbine generator (2) through a pipeline; pipeline switching mechanisms are respectively provided between the air storage chamber (1) and the air compression mechanism and the gas turbine generator (2); the exhaust end of the gas turbine generator (2) is connected to the turbocharger (3) pipeline; and the air compression output end of the turbocharger (3) is connected to the intake end of the gas turbine generator (2).

2. A compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline switching mechanism comprises an air intake branch pipe (4), a pressure detector (5), an air outlet branch pipe (6), an electrically controlled air valve (7) and a main controller (8); the air compression mechanism is connected to a plurality of groups of air storage chambers (1) via the air intake branch pipe (4); the plurality of groups of air storage chambers (1) are provided with pressure detectors (5); the plurality of groups of air storage chambers (1) are connected to an air intake end of a gas turbine generator (2) via an air outlet branch pipe (6); the air intake branch pipe (4) and the air outlet branch pipe (6) are both provided with electrically controlled air valves (7); and the main controller (8) is electrically connected to the pressure detector (5) and the electrically controlled air valve (7), respectively.

3. A compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air compression mechanism comprises an electric motor (9), an air compressor (10) and an air filter (11); the electric motor (9) is electrically connected to an external power source, the external power source is a surplus or non-peak power source, the electric motor (9) is mechanically connected to the air compressor (10), the air compressor (10) and the turbocharger (3) are provided with an air filter (11) at the air inlet end, and the air outlet end of the air compressor (10) is connected to the air inlet branch pipe (4).

4. A compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet branch pipe (4) is also provided with a cooler (12), and the air outlet branch pipe (6) is also provided with a regenerator (13). The cooler (12) and the regenerator (13) are connected by pipelines, and a heat storage device (14) is provided on the pipelines.

5. The compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchange insulation box (15) is also provided on the pipeline between the gas turbine generator (2) outlet and the turbocharger (3), and a heat exchange coil (16) is provided in the heat exchange insulation box (15), and heat exchange fins (17) are distributed on the heat exchange coil (16).

6. A compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the heat exchange coil (16) is connected to an external water pipeline and is provided with a liquid extraction pump (18), and the other end of the heat exchange coil (16) is provided with a heat preservation water storage tank (19).

7. A compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas outlet pipe of the turbocharger (3) is connected to a gas purification box (20), a gas purification filter element (21) is arranged in the gas purification box (20), and an exhaust port (22) is arranged on a side of the gas purification box (20) away from the pipeline connected to the turbocharger (3).

8. The compressed air energy storage device based on turbocharging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage cavity (1) is a metal gas storage tank or a salt dome cave, and the fuel port of the gas turbine generator (2) is connected to an external fuel supply pipeline.

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