Dynamic puncture test device and method based on high-speed stretching equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamic puncture test device and method based on high-speed stretching equipment. The device comprises a base, a sensor, a supporting seat, a lower supporting rod, a supporting table, a puncture assembly, a clamping plate assembly, a guide rod, a connecting rod, an upper supporting rod and a gantry pull rod. The method comprises the steps of sample preparation, sample installation, equipment debugging, camera focusing, program setting, data acquisition and the like. The device has the dynamic simulation capability under the condition of high strain rate, can accurately simulate the dynamic puncture behavior of the material under the condition of high strain rate, and provides more representative test data; multi-parameter real-time monitoring and control are achieved, a high-precision sensor and an advanced automatic control system are arranged, and real-time monitoring and adjustment of various parameters such as speed, force and displacement are achieved; the device is suitable for dynamic puncture testing of various materials such as metal, composite materials, high polymer materials and ceramics, and the diversified requirements of different industries are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material testing, and in particular to a dynamic puncture test device and method based on high-speed stretching equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new materials science and engineering technology, the demand for testing material properties is growing. Dynamic puncture performance testing of materials is of great significance in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, defense industry, medical devices and other fields. For example, the aerospace field needs to study the impact resistance of composite materials, the automobile manufacturing industry needs to evaluate the puncture strength of airbag materials, and the medical device field needs to test the mechanical properties of implant materials. These tests are usually carried out at high strain rates to simulate dynamic conditions in actual use. However, most of the existing puncture test equipment is designed for static conditions and cannot meet the dynamic testing needs under high strain rates.

[0003] Existing puncture test equipment generally has shortcomings such as inability to perform accurate dynamic puncture tests at high strain rates, poor applicability to multiple materials, and inability to simulate complex working conditions. For example, the equipment disclosed in patent CN202320680774 is mainly designed for static conditions and cannot perform dynamic puncture tests at high strain rates. At the same time, it has poor applicability to multiple materials and cannot achieve high-precision dynamic parameter monitoring and adjustment; although the solution disclosed in patent CN202311261957 can simulate the electrolyte environment, it is mainly used for testing lithium-ion battery diaphragms, with a narrow application range and lack of high strain rate testing capabilities and complex working condition simulation capabilities; although the thin film material puncture test machine disclosed in patent CN202223593173 can fix thin film materials, it may still have uneven force problems at high strain rates, affecting the accuracy of the test results, and its dynamic test performance and versatility are lacking, making it difficult to meet the dynamic puncture test needs of multiple materials and complex working conditions. These shortcomings significantly limit the application of existing puncture test equipment in high strain rate dynamic testing, multi-material applicability and complex working condition simulation.

[0004] At present, the dynamic performance testing technology of materials is constantly developing, and researchers are trying to improve the accuracy and applicability of testing equipment through various methods. Some advanced dynamic testing equipment has been able to simulate the material behavior under high strain rate conditions to a certain extent, but there are still technical bottlenecks and limitations. The main research directions include: how to accurately simulate the dynamic behavior of materials under high strain rates to obtain more realistic test data; develop high-precision sensors and control systems to achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of multiple parameters during the test to ensure the accuracy and stability of the data; design multifunctional testing equipment that can adapt to the dynamic testing needs of various types of materials and improve the versatility and application range of the equipment; study how to simulate dynamic puncture performance under various complex working conditions (such as high temperature, high humidity, corrosion, etc.) to meet actual application needs.

[0005] In summary, the existing puncture test equipment has obvious deficiencies in terms of dynamic testing capability at high strain rates, multi-material applicability, accuracy and control capability, and needs to be further improved and perfected. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic puncture test device and method based on a high-speed stretching device, aiming to solve the problems existing in the prior art such as insufficient dynamic testing capability under high strain rate, poor applicability of multiple materials, and limited simulation capability of complex working conditions. The present invention can accurately simulate the dynamic puncture behavior of materials under high strain rate conditions and provide more representative test data.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention proposes a dynamic puncture test device based on high-speed stretching equipment, comprising a base, a sensor, a support seat, a lower support rod, a support platform, a puncture assembly, a splint assembly, a guide rod, a connecting rod, an upper support rod and a gantry pull rod; the sensor is correspondingly fixed to the middle of the upper end surface of the base; the support seat is correspondingly fixed above the sensor; the lower support rod is correspondingly fixed above the support seat; the support platform is correspondingly fixed to the top of the lower support rod; the puncture assembly is correspondingly arranged above the support platform; the guide rods are respectively vertically arranged in the middle of the left and right sides of the upper end surface of the base and are symmetrical to each other; the connecting rods are respectively horizontally fixed to the left and right sides of the lower part of the puncture assembly, and the outer ends of the connecting rods on both sides are respectively slidably connected to the guide rods on the corresponding sides; the splint assembly is correspondingly arranged above the puncture assembly, and the four corner areas of its bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the support platform through the upper support rod; the gantry pull rod spans above the splint assembly and the two ends of the bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting rods on both sides.

[0009] Furthermore, the puncture assembly includes an acceleration block, a puncture needle seat and a puncture needle; the puncture needle seat is correspondingly installed on the upper end surface of the acceleration block; the puncture needle is correspondingly installed above the puncture needle seat; the connecting rod is respectively and horizontally fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the acceleration block.

[0010] Furthermore, the puncture needle is a steel needle with a diameter of 0 to 8 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the pricking needle is provided with scale marks.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping plate assembly includes a lower clamping plate and an upper clamping plate; the four corner areas of the bottom of the lower clamping plate are respectively fixedly connected to the support platform through vertical upper support rods; the upper clamping plate is correspondingly arranged above the lower clamping plate and is threadedly connected to the lower clamping plate.

[0013] Furthermore, observation holes are correspondingly opened in the middle areas of the lower clamping plate and the upper clamping plate.

[0014] Furthermore, high-speed cameras are respectively arranged on both sides above the upper clamping plate.

[0015] A dynamic puncture test method based on a high-speed stretching device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, assembling the above device;

[0017] S2. Spray the speckle on the surface of the sample. First spray the white primer, then spray the black speckle, and dry in the shade for later use;

[0018] S3. Install the shade-dried sample between the lower and upper clamping plates and tighten them with bolts, with the side sprayed with speckles facing upwards;

[0019] S4. Adjust the position of the clamping end on the high-speed tensile testing machine and clamp it with the middle of the upper end of the gantry pull rod, further fine-tune the position of the clamping end on the tensile machine, observe the scale of the needle shaft, determine the position between the size and the sample, and ensure that the gap between the needle and the lower surface of the sample is between 0 and 2 mm;

[0020] S5, focusing the high-speed camera on the sample speckle position, and using DIC digital image testing technology to test the strain of the sample during the dynamic puncture test;

[0021] S6. Adjust the test program of the high-speed tensile testing machine and set different dynamic tensile rates, 0 to 1000s -1 , ensuring that high-speed equipment signals and DIC image acquisition signals are collected synchronously;

[0022] S7. Based on the above collected signals, force-displacement curves, stress-strain curves, puncture force and puncture displacement parameters under different puncture rate conditions are obtained through processing.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention has the ability of dynamic simulation under high strain rate conditions, can accurately simulate the dynamic puncture behavior of materials under high strain rate, and provide more representative test data; multi-parameter real-time monitoring and control, equipped with high-precision sensors and advanced automatic control systems, to achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of various parameters such as speed, force, displacement, etc.; multi-material applicability, suitable for dynamic puncture testing of various materials such as metals, composite materials, polymer materials, ceramics, etc., to meet the diverse needs of different industries. Through these technological innovations, the present invention will effectively make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology, significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of dynamic puncture testing of materials, and meet the practical application needs of multiple fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, defense industry, and medical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device proposed in the present invention.

[0027] Among them, the figure numbers are: 1-base; 2-sensor; 3-support seat; 4-lower support rod; 5-support platform; 6-acceleration block; 7-puncture needle seat; 8-puncture needle; 9-lower clamping plate; 10-sample; 11-upper clamping plate; 12-guide column; 13-connecting rod; 14-upper support rod; 15-gantry pull rod; 16-high-speed camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "one side", "the other side", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not mean that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0030] See attached Figure 1-2A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device proposed in the present invention includes a base 1, a sensor 2, a support seat 3, a lower support rod 4, a support platform 5, a puncture assembly, a splint assembly, a guide rod 12, a connecting rod 13, an upper support rod 14 and a gantry pull rod 15.

[0031] Among them, the sensor 2 is fixed to the middle part of the upper end surface of the base 1; the support seat 3 is fixed above the sensor 2; the lower support rod 4 is fixed vertically above the support seat 3; the support platform 5 is fixed horizontally on the top of the lower support rod 4; the puncture assembly is arranged above the support platform 5; the guide rods 12 are respectively arranged vertically in the middle of the left and right sides of the upper end surface of the base 1 and are symmetrical to each other; the connecting rods 13 are respectively horizontally fixed to the left and right sides of the lower part of the puncture assembly, and the outer ends of the connecting rods 13 on both sides are respectively slidably connected to the guide rods 12 on the corresponding sides; the splint assembly is correspondingly arranged above the puncture assembly, and the four corners of its bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the support platform 5 through the upper support rod 14; the gantry pull rod 15 spans above the splint assembly and the two ends of the bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting rods 13 on both sides.

[0032] In this embodiment, the puncture assembly includes an acceleration block 6, a needle holder 7 and a needle 8; the needle holder 7 is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the acceleration block 6 for mounting and replacing needles 8 of different sizes; the needle 8 is mounted above the needle holder 7; the connecting rod 13 is horizontally fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the acceleration block 6 respectively, and the acceleration block 6 is used to push the needle holder 7 to move upward; the needle 8 is a steel needle with a diameter of 0 to 8 mm, and a scale line is provided on the rod of the needle 8. Among them, the cross-sectional shape of the needle rod of the needle 8 is circular, but not limited to a circular shape, and the needle head of the needle is a ball head, but not limited to a ball head. The size of the needle 8 is not fixed and can be replaced as needed.

[0033] The clamping plate assembly includes a lower clamping plate 9 and an upper clamping plate 11; the four corner areas of the bottom of the lower clamping plate 9 are fixedly connected to the four corner areas of the upper end surface of the support platform 5 through vertical upper support rods 14; the upper clamping plate 11 is correspondingly arranged above the lower clamping plate 9 and the four corner areas are correspondingly threadedly connected to the lower clamping plate 9. The four corner areas of the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 9 are both provided with mounting holes, which are threadedly connected through the mounting holes to clamp the sample 10. The four mounting holes on the lower clamping plate 9 are threaded holes, and the four mounting holes on the upper clamping plate 11 are light holes.

[0034] The sample 10 is in sheet form and is not limited to metal and non-metal materials. The sample surface (one surface is sufficient) needs to be sprayed with speckle so that it can be photographed by a camera for strain testing. When the sample 10 is installed, the side sprayed with speckle faces upward. For metal materials, the speckle spraying is completed by spraying paint; for non-metal materials, such as plastic films, the speckle can be completed by using an oil-based pen with good adhesion.

[0035] The middle areas of the lower clamping plate and the upper clamping plate are respectively provided with observation holes for the lower end needle 8 to act and the upper end high-speed camera 16 to take pictures.

[0036] In this embodiment, high-speed cameras 16 are respectively disposed on both sides above the upper clamping plate 11 .

[0037] A dynamic puncture test method based on a high-speed stretching device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1. Assembling the above-mentioned dynamic puncture test device based on high-speed stretching equipment;

[0039] S2. Spray the surface of the sample 10 with speckles. First, spray the white primer, then spray the black speckles, and dry in the shade for later use.

[0040] S3, install the shade-dried sample 10 between the lower clamping plate 9 and the upper clamping plate 11 and tighten them with bolts, with the side sprayed with the speckle facing upwards;

[0041] S4, adjust the position of the clamping end on the high-speed tensile testing machine and clamp it with the middle I of the upper end of the gantry pull rod 15, further fine-tune the position of the clamping end on the tensile machine, observe the scale of the rod of the needle 8, determine the position between the size and the sample 10, and ensure that the gap between the needle 8 and the lower surface of the sample 10 is between 0 and 2 mm;

[0042] S5, focusing the high-speed camera 16 with the speckle position of the sample, and using DIC digital image testing technology to test the strain of the sample during the dynamic puncture test;

[0043] S6. Adjust the test program of the high-speed tensile testing machine and set different dynamic tensile rates, 0 to 1000s -1 , ensuring that high-speed equipment signals and DIC image acquisition signals are collected synchronously;

[0044] S7. Based on the above collected signals, force-displacement curves, stress-strain curves, puncture force, puncture displacement and other parameters under different puncture rate conditions are obtained through processing.

[0045] The present invention will be further described below by means of specific embodiments:

[0046] Example 1: Dynamic puncture test of metal materials

[0047] Sample material: aluminum alloy sheet

[0048] parameter Numeric Sample size 50×50×1(mm) Needle diameter 3mm Needle tip shape Ball Head High speed stretching rate <![CDATA[500s -1 ]]> Sample surface treatment Spray white primer and black speckle High-speed camera frame rate 10000fps

[0049] Experimental steps:

[0050] 1. Sample preparation: Spray white primer on one surface of the aluminum alloy sheet, spray black spots after drying, and dry in the shade for later use.

[0051] 2. Sample installation: Install the shade-dried sample between the lower clamping plate 9 and the upper clamping plate 11 and tighten it with bolts, with the side sprayed with speckles facing upwards.

[0052] 3. Equipment debugging: adjust the clamping end position on the high-speed tensile testing machine and clamp it with the upper end I of the gantry pull rod 15, fine-tune the clamping end position on the tensile machine, and ensure that the gap between the needle 8 and the lower surface of the sample 10 is between 0 and 2 mm.

[0053] 4. High-speed camera focusing: Focus the high-speed camera 16 with the sample speckle position.

[0054] 5. Test program setting: adjust the high-speed tensile testing machine test program and set the dynamic tensile rate to 500s - 1. Ensure that the high-speed device signal and the DIC image acquisition signal are collected synchronously.

[0055] 6. Data acquisition: Based on the collected signals, post-processing is performed to obtain parameters such as puncture force, puncture displacement, stress, strain, etc. under different puncture rate conditions.

[0056] Example 2: Dynamic puncture test of non-metallic plastic film

[0057] Sample material: polyethylene film

[0058] parameter Numeric Sample size 60×60×0.2(mm) Needle diameter 2mm Needle tip shape Cone Head High speed stretching rate <![CDATA[800s -1 ]]> Sample surface treatment Use oil pen to draw dots to complete the speckle spray High-speed camera frame rate 15000fps

[0059] Experimental steps:

[0060] 1. Sample preparation: Use an oil pen to draw dots on one surface of the polyethylene film to complete the speckle spraying, and dry it in the shade for later use.

[0061] 2. Sample installation: Install the shade-dried sample between the lower clamping plate 9 and the upper clamping plate 11 and tighten it with bolts, with the speckle side facing upwards.

[0062] 3. Equipment debugging: adjust the clamping end position on the high-speed tensile testing machine and clamp it with the upper end I of the gantry pull rod 15, fine-tune the clamping end position on the tensile machine, and ensure that the gap between the needle 8 and the lower surface of the sample 10 is between 0 and 2 mm.

[0063] 4. High-speed camera focusing: Focus the high-speed camera 16 with the sample speckle position.

[0064] 5. Test program setting: Adjust the test program of the high-speed tensile testing machine and set the dynamic tensile rate to 800s-1 to ensure that the high-speed equipment signal and the DIC image acquisition signal are collected synchronously.

[0065] 6. Data acquisition: Based on the collected signals, post-processing is performed to obtain parameters such as puncture force, puncture displacement, stress, strain, etc. under different puncture rate conditions.

[0066] Comparative Example 1: Comparison of static puncture test (aluminum alloy sheet)

[0067] Sample material: aluminum alloy sheet

[0068] parameter Numeric Sample size 50×50×1(mm) Needle diameter 3mm Needle tip shape Ball Head Stretching rate <![CDATA[0.01s -1 ]]> Sample surface treatment / High-speed camera frame rate /

[0069] Experimental steps:

[0070] 1. Currently, the static puncture test does not test strain, so the specimen does not need to be sprayed with speckle.

[0071] 2. Use conventional puncture test devices or equipment to conduct puncture tests.

[0072] 3. Based on the collected signals, post-processing is performed to obtain parameters such as puncture force, puncture displacement, and stress under static puncture rate conditions.

[0073] Comparative Example 2: Comparison of static puncture test (polyethylene film)

[0074] Sample material: polyethylene film

[0075] parameter Numeric Sample size 60×60×0.2(mm) Needle diameter 2mm Needle tip shape Cone Head Stretching rate <![CDATA[0.01s -1 ]]> Sample surface treatment / High-speed camera frame rate /

[0076] Experimental steps:

[0077] 1. Currently, the static puncture test does not test strain, so the specimen does not need to be sprayed with speckle.

[0078] 2. Use conventional puncture test devices or equipment to conduct puncture tests.

[0079] 3. Based on the collected signals, post-processing is performed to obtain parameters such as puncture force, puncture displacement, and stress under static puncture rate conditions.

[0080] Test results:

[0081] (1) Example 1 and Comparative Example 1:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] (2) Example 2 and Comparative Example 2:

[0085] Test items Dynamic test results (Example 2) Static test results (Comparative Example 2) Peak puncture force 150N 120N Puncture displacement 20mm 18mm Maximum stress 35MPa 28MPa Strain distribution Uniform distribution, maximum strain 0.12 /

[0086] Results summary: It can be seen from the comparative experimental results of the embodiment and the comparative example that the dynamic puncture test device and method based on the high-speed stretching device proposed in the present invention show higher puncture force peak value and strain capacity in the dynamic puncture test, and can more realistically simulate the dynamic puncture behavior of the material under high strain rate. Compared with the traditional static puncture test, the device and method of the present invention can provide more representative test data and have significant technical advantages.

[0087] Matters not covered in the present invention are all known technologies.

[0088] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device, characterized in that: The device includes a base, a sensor, a support seat, a lower support rod, a support platform, a puncture assembly, a splint assembly, a guide rod, a connecting rod, an upper support rod and a gantry pull rod; the sensor is correspondingly fixed to the middle part of the upper end surface of the base; the support seat is correspondingly fixed above the sensor; the lower support rod is correspondingly fixed above the support seat; the support platform is correspondingly fixed to the top of the lower support rod; the puncture assembly is correspondingly arranged above the support platform; the guide rods are respectively vertically arranged in the middle parts of the left and right sides of the upper end surface of the base and are symmetrical to each other; the connecting rods are respectively horizontally fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the lower part of the puncture assembly, and the outer ends of the connecting rods on both sides are respectively slidably connected to the guide rods on the corresponding sides; the splint assembly is correspondingly arranged above the puncture assembly, and the four corner areas of its bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the support platform through the upper support rod; the gantry pull rod spans above the splint assembly and the two ends of the bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting rods on both sides.

2. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture assembly includes an acceleration block, a puncture needle seat and a puncture needle; the puncture needle seat is correspondingly installed on the upper end surface of the acceleration block; the puncture needle is correspondingly installed above the puncture needle seat; the connecting rod is respectively and horizontally fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the acceleration block.

3. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pricking needle is a steel needle with a diameter of 0 to 8 mm.

4. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pricking needle is provided with scale marks.

5. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping plate assembly includes a lower clamping plate and an upper clamping plate; the four corner areas of the bottom of the lower clamping plate are respectively fixedly connected to the support platform through vertical upper support rods; the upper clamping plate is correspondingly arranged above the lower clamping plate and is threadedly connected to the lower clamping plate.

6. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Observation holes are correspondingly opened in the middle areas of the lower clamping plate and the upper clamping plate.

7. A dynamic puncture test device based on a high-speed stretching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: High-speed cameras are respectively arranged on both sides above the upper clamping plate.

8. The dynamic puncture test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, assembling the above device; S2. Spray the speckle on the surface of the sample. First spray the white primer, then spray the black speckle, and dry in the shade for later use; S3. Install the shade-dried sample between the lower and upper clamping plates and tighten them with bolts, with the side sprayed with speckles facing upwards; S4. Adjust the position of the clamping end on the high-speed tensile testing machine and clamp it with the middle of the upper end of the gantry pull rod, further fine-tune the position of the clamping end on the tensile machine, observe the scale of the needle shaft, determine the position between the size and the sample, and ensure that the gap between the needle and the lower surface of the sample is between 0 and 2 mm; S5, focusing the high-speed camera on the sample speckle position, and using DIC digital image testing technology to test the strain of the sample during the dynamic puncture test; S6. Adjust the test program of the high-speed tensile testing machine and set different dynamic tensile rates, 0 to 1000s -1 , ensuring that high-speed equipment signals and DIC image acquisition signals are collected synchronously; S7. Based on the above collected signals, force-displacement curves, stress-strain curves, puncture force and puncture displacement parameters under different puncture rate conditions are obtained through processing.

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