Distribution network automation terminal remote operation and maintenance system based on big data

Abstract

A big data distribution network automation terminal-based remote operation and maintenance system disclosed by the present invention comprises an acquisition terminal, a plant station terminal and a low-voltage centralized meter reading module, the acquisition terminal comprises a power supply connection module and a communication connection module, and the plant station terminal comprises a special line connection module, a communication uploading module and a terminal lightning protection module. The installation mode of the plant station terminal is a rack type or a wall-mounted type, the plant station terminal collects sub-terminal data according to preset requirements through an RS-485 interface, the sub-terminal data is stored in an electronic disk after being analyzed and processed by a terminal main processor, the sub-terminal data is uploaded to a main station through a network and a special line MODEM transmission channel, the main station analyzes and processes the sub-terminal data, and a big data analysis result is obtained. Through the acquisition terminal, the plant station terminal and the low-voltage centralized meter reading module, big data transmission from the master station to the client is communicated, the remote operation and maintenance efficiency of the automatic terminal is improved, the specification of a communication line can be selected according to different user block scales, and low-cost and high-efficiency remote operation and maintenance are carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution network automation terminals, and in particular to a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data. Background Art

[0002] Big data, or massive data, refers to the amount of data involved that is so large that it cannot be captured, managed, processed, and organized into information that helps companies make more proactive business decisions within a reasonable time through mainstream software tools. Big data includes structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. Unstructured data is increasingly becoming the main part of data. According to an IDC survey report, 80% of data in enterprises is unstructured data, and this data is growing exponentially by 60% every year. Big data is just a manifestation or feature of the development of the Internet to its current stage. There is no need to deify it or be in awe of it. With the backdrop of technological innovation represented by cloud computing, these data that originally seemed difficult to collect and use have begun to be easily utilized. Through continuous innovation in all walks of life, big data will gradually create more value for mankind. Distribution network automation terminals are generally installed in conventional switchgear, outdoor small switchgear, ring network cabinets, small substations, box-type substations, etc., to complete the collection and calculation of switchgear position signals, voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electric energy and other data, perform switch opening and closing operations, and realize fault identification and isolation of feeder switches and restoration of power supply to non-fault sections; The communication transmission of the existing remote operation and maintenance system is relatively slow, the remote operation and maintenance efficiency is low, and the use of unified communication lines is prone to communication transmission delays in dense areas and waste of communication resources in low-density areas. To this end, we propose a remote operation and maintenance system based on big data distribution network automation terminals to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A remote operation and maintenance system based on big data distribution network automation terminal includes a collection terminal, a plant terminal and a low-voltage collection module. The collection terminal includes a power connection module and a communication connection module, and the plant terminal includes a dedicated line connection module, a communication upload module and a terminal lightning protection module.

[0005] Preferably, the installation method of the plant station terminal is rack-mounted and wall-mounted. The plant station terminal collects sub-terminal data according to preset requirements through the RS-485 interface, and saves it in an electronic disk after analysis and processing by the terminal main processor. It is transmitted to the main station through the network and dedicated MODEM transmission channel. The main station analyzes and processes it to obtain big data analysis results.

[0006] Preferably, the low-voltage meter reading module includes an integrated carrier electric energy meter, a 485 communicator, a multifunctional distribution transformer meter, a concentrator and a collector.

[0007] Preferably, a remote operation and maintenance system based on big data distribution network automation terminal, the operation of the remote operation and maintenance system includes the following steps: Step 1. Collection terminal installation: Install the collection terminal in the collection area of ​​the workspace to collect big data on the work information of the workspace. The collection terminal is configured by default as 8 COM ports, 31 meters per channel, and each meter has 2 RS-485 ports with connection terminals of 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B, which are used as upload channels. Step 2. Installation of the power connection module: Lay and connect the power line of the power connection module and the acquisition terminal. The power connection module is powered by two power supplies, each of which is connected to DC 110V and AC 220V. The DC 110V power supply is hot standby and uninterruptible power supply switching; Step 3. Installation of the communication connection module: Lay and connect the communication connection module and the acquisition terminal with the communication line. The RS-485 communication line uses a 2-core shielded communication line with an effective wire diameter of Φ0.5-2.5mm; Step 4. Wiring check: The acquisition terminal should be installed as shown in the wiring diagram on the terminal wiring cover to avoid wrong wiring. Recheck the RS-485 interface line to prevent reverse connection or wrong connection to other ports. Check all wiring before powering on and proceed only after it is correct. Step 5. Plant terminal debugging: connect the dedicated line connection module to the plant terminal through the RS-485 line, connect the communication line with the main station to the communication upload module, set the archive information of the dedicated line connection module and the communication upload module, set the information upload plan of the communication upload module, check the working progress of the terminal communication upload module of the main station, check the data collection results of the terminal dedicated line upload module, and enter the algorithm: In the formula, S represents the network communication efficiency, H(Xi) is the amount of information that needs to be transmitted, n is the number of information, and M is the number of network nodes that need to be passed during the communication process; Step 6. Access to the plant station terminal communication table: Each 485 port of the plant station terminal is connected to 1-31 communication tables. The communication table interface is connected in parallel with the RS-485 line. The A end and the B end of each communication meter RS-485 interface are connected in series. The A end and the B end interface cannot be connected in reverse. Step 7. Communication upload module configuration: The communication upload module uses an Ethernet port and an audio four-wire dedicated line MODEM. The communication upload module communicates with the main station using an 8-core network cable and a four-wire audio dedicated line. Step 8. Plant terminal parameter settings: set the master station IP, meter profile information including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate; Step 9. Terminal lightning protection module: The lightning protection ground terminal of the terminal lightning protection module is grounded through the wires provided with the terminal, and an external lightning protection device is connected to the high-incidence area of ​​lightning; Step 10. Collection terminal test: connect the meter to the collection terminal through RS-485 line, set the meter's file information, including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate, set the information collection plan of the collection terminal, and detect the communication connection data between the master station and the collection terminal; Step 11. Concentrator installation: The concentrator is divided into type I collector and type II collector and installed at the work site. The concentrator sends out a carrier protocol. The type I collector and type II collector convert the carrier protocol frame received from the concentrator into a meter protocol and send it to the meter. The return data received from the meter is converted into a carrier protocol and then forwarded back to the concentrator. Step 12. Measurement point parameter settings: set the master station IP, port and APN, set the heartbeat period, set the network connection method, and enter the measurement point parameters; Step 13. Concentrator debugging: Start the concentrator, set the line loss threshold and alarm parameters, pressure loss alarm, current loss alarm, current reverse alarm, programming alarm, line loss over / negative alarm, relay position change event meter reading failure alarm, time calibration failure, set the measurement point parameters, including meter address, low voltage centralized reading address, set cascade parameters, cascade communication mode, baud rate 9600, start bit 1, data bit 8, stop bit 1, even parity.

[0008] Preferably, the plant terminal debugging includes an optimal path selection algorithm, the optimal path selection algorithm uses the nodes in the network to establish a weighted complete graph, the optimal path selection algorithm calculates the weight for each path and labels it, and arranges the path weights from small to large, the optimal path selection algorithm selects the path with the smallest weight as the optimal path, the optimal path algorithm marks all nodes in the network and all edges formed by the nodes, and assuming that there are n nodes and m edges in the network, the optimal path algorithm calculates the weight of each edge, and the weight calculation formula is: In the formula, Qi is the weight of the i-th path, M is the number of all nodes in the network, Di is the distance between the node and the source node, and Dij is the distance between the node and the j-th node.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the acquisition terminal, the plant terminal and the low-voltage meter reading module, the big data transmission from the main station to the client is connected, the remote operation and maintenance efficiency of the automation terminal is improved, and the specifications of the communication line can be selected according to the different sizes of the user blocks, so as to perform low-cost and high-efficiency remote operation and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring terminals of a collection terminal based on a big data distribution network automation terminal remote operation and maintenance system proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0012] Reference Figure 1-2 , a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminal based on big data, including a collection terminal, a plant terminal and a low-voltage collection module, the collection terminal includes a power connection module and a communication connection module, the plant terminal includes a dedicated line connection module, a communication upload module and a terminal lightning protection module, the plant terminal is installed in a rack-mounted and wall-mounted manner, the plant terminal collects sub-terminal data through an RS-485 interface according to preset requirements, and the data is stored in an electronic disk after being analyzed and processed by the terminal main processor, and is transmitted to the main station through the network and dedicated MODEM transmission channel, and the main station analyzes and processes to obtain big data analysis results, and the low-voltage collection module includes an integrated carrier electric energy meter, a 485 communicator, a multi-functional distribution transformer master meter, a concentrator and a collector; A remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data, the operation of the remote operation and maintenance system includes the following steps: Step 1. Collection terminal installation: Install the collection terminal in the collection area of ​​the workspace to collect big data on the work information of the workspace. The collection terminal is configured by default as 8 COM ports, 31 meters per channel, and each meter has 2 RS-485 ports with connection terminals of 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B, which are used as upload channels. Step 2. Installation of the power connection module: Lay and connect the power line of the power connection module and the acquisition terminal. The power connection module is powered by two power supplies, each of which is connected to DC 110V and AC 220V. The DC 110V power supply is hot standby and uninterruptible power supply switching; Step 3. Installation of the communication connection module: Lay and connect the communication connection module and the acquisition terminal with the communication line. The RS-485 communication line uses a 2-core shielded communication line with an effective wire diameter of Φ1mm. Step 4. Wiring check: The acquisition terminal should be installed according to the wiring diagram on the terminal wiring cover to avoid wrong wiring. Recheck the RS-485 interface line to prevent reverse connection or wrong connection to other ports. Check the wiring before powering on and proceed only after it is correct. Step 5. Plant terminal debugging: connect the dedicated line connection module to the plant terminal through the RS-485 line, connect the communication line with the main station to the communication upload module, set the archive information of the dedicated line connection module and the communication upload module, set the information upload plan of the communication upload module, check the working progress of the terminal communication upload module of the main station, check the data collection results of the terminal dedicated line upload module, and enter the algorithm: In the formula, S represents the network communication efficiency, H(Xi) is the amount of information that needs to be transmitted, n is the number of information, and M is the number of network nodes that need to be passed during the communication process; Step 6. Access to the plant station terminal communication meter: Each 485 port of the plant station terminal is connected to 1-31 communication meters. The communication meter interface is connected in parallel with the RS-485 line. The A end and the B end of each communication meter RS-485 interface are connected in series. The A end and the B end interface cannot be connected reversely. Step 7. Communication upload module configuration: The communication upload module uses an Ethernet port and an audio four-wire dedicated line MODEM. The communication upload module communicates with the main station using an 8-core network cable and a four-wire audio dedicated line; Step 8. Plant terminal parameter settings: set the master station IP, meter profile information including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate; Step 9. Terminal lightning protection module: The lightning protection ground terminal of the terminal lightning protection module is grounded through the wire provided with the terminal, and an external lightning protection device is connected to the high-incidence area of ​​lightning; Step 10. Collection terminal test: connect the meter to the collection terminal through RS-485 line, set the meter's file information, including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate, set the information collection plan of the collection terminal, and detect the communication connection data between the master station and the collection terminal; Step 11. Concentrator installation: The concentrator is divided into type I collector and type II collector and installed at the work site. The concentrator sends out a carrier protocol. The type I collector and type II collector convert the carrier protocol frame received from the concentrator into a meter protocol and send it to the meter. The return data received from the meter is converted into a carrier protocol and then forwarded back to the concentrator. Step 12. Measurement point parameter settings: set the master station IP, port and APN, set the heartbeat period, set the network connection method, and enter the measurement point parameters; Step 13. Concentrator debugging: Start the concentrator, set the line loss threshold and alarm parameters, pressure loss alarm, current loss alarm, current reverse alarm, programming alarm, line loss over / negative alarm, relay position change event meter reading failure alarm, time calibration failure, set the measurement point parameters, including meter address, low voltage centralized reading address, set cascade parameters, cascade communication mode, baud rate 9600, start bit 1, data bit 8, stop bit 1, even parity.

[0013] The plant terminal debugging includes an optimal path selection algorithm, which uses nodes in the network to establish a weighted complete graph. The optimal path selection algorithm calculates the weight for each path and labels it, and arranges the path weights from small to large. The optimal path selection algorithm selects the path with the smallest weight as the optimal path. The optimal path algorithm marks all nodes in the network and all edges formed by the nodes, and assumes that there are n nodes and m edges in the network. The optimal path algorithm calculates the weight of each edge, and the weight calculation formula is: In the formula, Qi is the weight of the i-th path, M is the number of all nodes in the network, Di is the distance between the node and the source node, and Dij is the distance between the node and the j-th node. Embodiment 2

[0014] Reference Figure 1-2 , a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminal based on big data, including a collection terminal, a plant terminal and a low-voltage collection module, the collection terminal includes a power connection module and a communication connection module, the plant terminal includes a dedicated line connection module, a communication upload module and a terminal lightning protection module, the plant terminal is installed in a rack-mounted and wall-mounted manner, the plant terminal collects sub-terminal data through an RS-485 interface according to preset requirements, and the data is stored in an electronic disk after being analyzed and processed by the terminal main processor, and is transmitted to the main station through the network and dedicated MODEM transmission channel, and the main station analyzes and processes to obtain big data analysis results, and the low-voltage collection module includes an integrated carrier electric energy meter, a 485 communicator, a multi-functional distribution transformer master meter, a concentrator and a collector; A remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data, the operation of the remote operation and maintenance system includes the following steps: Step 1. Collection terminal installation: Install the collection terminal in the collection area of ​​the workspace to collect big data on the work information of the workspace. The collection terminal is configured by default as 8 COM ports, 31 meters per channel, and each meter has 2 RS-485 ports with connection terminals of 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B, which are used as upload channels. Step 2. Installation of the power connection module: Lay and connect the power line of the power connection module and the acquisition terminal. The power connection module is powered by two power supplies, each of which is connected to DC 110V and AC 220V. The DC 110V power supply is hot standby and uninterruptible power supply switching; Step 3. Installation of the communication connection module: Lay and connect the communication connection module and the acquisition terminal with the communication line. The RS-485 communication line uses a 2-core shielded communication line with an effective wire diameter of Φ0.5mm. Step 4. Wiring check: The acquisition terminal should be installed according to the wiring diagram on the terminal wiring cover to avoid wrong wiring. Recheck the RS-485 interface line to prevent reverse connection or wrong connection to other ports. Check the wiring before powering on and proceed only after it is correct. Step 5. Plant terminal debugging: connect the dedicated line connection module to the plant terminal through the RS-485 line, connect the communication line with the main station to the communication upload module, set the archive information of the dedicated line connection module and the communication upload module, set the information upload plan of the communication upload module, check the working progress of the terminal communication upload module of the main station, check the data collection results of the terminal dedicated line upload module, and enter the algorithm: In the formula, S represents the network communication efficiency, H(Xi) is the amount of information that needs to be transmitted, n is the number of information, and M is the number of network nodes that need to be passed during the communication process; Step 6. Access to the plant station terminal communication meter: Each 485 port of the plant station terminal is connected to 1-31 communication meters. The communication meter interface is connected in parallel with the RS-485 line. The A end and the B end of each communication meter RS-485 interface are connected in series. The A end and the B end interface cannot be connected reversely. Step 7. Communication upload module configuration: The communication upload module uses an Ethernet port and an audio four-wire dedicated line MODEM. The communication upload module communicates with the main station using an 8-core network cable and a four-wire audio dedicated line; Step 8. Plant terminal parameter settings: set the master station IP, meter profile information including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate; Step 9. Terminal lightning protection module: The lightning protection ground terminal of the terminal lightning protection module is grounded through the wire provided with the terminal, and an external lightning protection device is connected to the high-incidence area of ​​lightning; Step 10. Collection terminal test: connect the meter to the collection terminal through RS-485 line, set the meter's file information, including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate, set the information collection plan of the collection terminal, and detect the communication connection data between the master station and the collection terminal; Step 11. Concentrator installation: The concentrator is divided into type I collector and type II collector and installed at the work site. The concentrator sends out a carrier protocol. The type I collector and type II collector convert the carrier protocol frame received from the concentrator into a meter protocol and send it to the meter. The return data received from the meter is converted into a carrier protocol and then forwarded back to the concentrator. Step 12. Measurement point parameter settings: set the master station IP, port and APN, set the heartbeat period, set the network connection method, and enter the measurement point parameters; Step 13. Concentrator debugging: Start the concentrator, set the line loss threshold and alarm parameters, pressure loss alarm, current loss alarm, current reverse alarm, programming alarm, line loss over / negative alarm, relay position change event meter reading failure alarm, time calibration failure, set the measurement point parameters, including meter address, low voltage centralized reading address, set cascade parameters, cascade communication mode, baud rate 9600, start bit 1, data bit 8, stop bit 1, even parity.

[0015] The plant terminal debugging includes an optimal path selection algorithm, which uses nodes in the network to establish a weighted complete graph. The optimal path selection algorithm calculates the weight for each path and labels it, and arranges the path weights from small to large. The optimal path selection algorithm selects the path with the smallest weight as the optimal path. The optimal path algorithm marks all nodes in the network and all edges formed by the nodes, and assumes that there are n nodes and m edges in the network. The optimal path algorithm calculates the weight of each edge, and the weight calculation formula is: In the formula, Qi is the weight of the i-th path, M is the number of all nodes in the network, Di is the distance between the node and the source node, and Dij is the distance between the node and the j-th node. Embodiment 3

[0016] Reference Figure 1-2, a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminal based on big data, including a collection terminal, a plant terminal and a low-voltage collection module, the collection terminal includes a power connection module and a communication connection module, the plant terminal includes a dedicated line connection module, a communication upload module and a terminal lightning protection module, the plant terminal is installed in a rack-mounted and wall-mounted manner, the plant terminal collects sub-terminal data through an RS-485 interface according to preset requirements, and the data is stored in an electronic disk after being analyzed and processed by the terminal main processor, and is transmitted to the main station through the network and dedicated MODEM transmission channel, and the main station analyzes and processes to obtain big data analysis results, and the low-voltage collection module includes an integrated carrier electric energy meter, a 485 communicator, a multi-functional distribution transformer master meter, a concentrator and a collector; A remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data, the operation of the remote operation and maintenance system includes the following steps: Step 1. Collection terminal installation: Install the collection terminal in the collection area of ​​the workspace to collect big data on the work information of the workspace. The collection terminal is configured by default as 8 COM ports, 31 meters per channel, and each meter has 2 RS-485 ports with connection terminals of 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B, which are used as upload channels. Step 2. Installation of the power connection module: Lay and connect the power line of the power connection module and the acquisition terminal. The power connection module is powered by two power supplies, each of which is connected to DC 110V and AC 220V. The DC 110V power supply is hot standby and uninterruptible power supply switching; Step 3. Installation of the communication connection module: Lay and connect the communication connection module and the acquisition terminal with the communication line. The RS-485 communication line uses a 2-core shielded communication line with an effective wire diameter of Φ2.5mm. Step 4. Wiring check: The acquisition terminal should be installed according to the wiring diagram on the terminal wiring cover to avoid wrong wiring. Recheck the RS-485 interface line to prevent reverse connection or wrong connection to other ports. Check the wiring before powering on and proceed only after it is correct. Step 5. Plant terminal debugging: connect the dedicated line connection module to the plant terminal through the RS-485 line, connect the communication line with the main station to the communication upload module, set the archive information of the dedicated line connection module and the communication upload module, set the information upload plan of the communication upload module, check the working progress of the terminal communication upload module of the main station, check the data collection results of the terminal dedicated line upload module, and enter the algorithm: In the formula, S represents the network communication efficiency, H(Xi) is the amount of information that needs to be transmitted, n is the number of information, and M is the number of network nodes that need to be passed during the communication process; Step 6. Access to the plant station terminal communication meter: Each 485 port of the plant station terminal is connected to 1-31 communication meters. The communication meter interface is connected in parallel with the RS-485 line. The A end and the B end of each communication meter RS-485 interface are connected in series. The A end and the B end interface cannot be connected reversely. Step 7. Communication upload module configuration: The communication upload module uses an Ethernet port and an audio four-wire dedicated line MODEM. The communication upload module communicates with the main station using an 8-core network cable and a four-wire audio dedicated line; Step 8. Plant terminal parameter settings: set the master station IP, meter profile information including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate; Step 9. Terminal lightning protection module: The lightning protection ground terminal of the terminal lightning protection module is grounded through the wire provided with the terminal, and an external lightning protection device is connected to the high-incidence area of ​​lightning; Step 10. Collection terminal test: connect the meter to the collection terminal through RS-485 line, set the meter's file information, including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate, set the information collection plan of the collection terminal, and detect the communication connection data between the master station and the collection terminal; Step 11. Concentrator installation: The concentrator is divided into type I collector and type II collector and installed at the work site. The concentrator sends out a carrier protocol. The type I collector and type II collector convert the carrier protocol frame received from the concentrator into a meter protocol and send it to the meter. The return data received from the meter is converted into a carrier protocol and then forwarded back to the concentrator. Step 12. Measurement point parameter settings: set the master station IP, port and APN, set the heartbeat period, set the network connection method, and enter the measurement point parameters; Step 13. Concentrator debugging: Start the concentrator, set the line loss threshold and alarm parameters, pressure loss alarm, current loss alarm, current reverse alarm, programming alarm, line loss over / negative alarm, relay position change event meter reading failure alarm, time calibration failure, set the measurement point parameters, including meter address, low voltage centralized reading address, set cascade parameters, cascade communication mode, baud rate 9600, start bit 1, data bit 8, stop bit 1, even parity.

[0017] The plant terminal debugging includes an optimal path selection algorithm, which uses nodes in the network to establish a weighted complete graph. The optimal path selection algorithm calculates the weight for each path and labels it, and arranges the path weights from small to large. The optimal path selection algorithm selects the path with the smallest weight as the optimal path. The optimal path algorithm marks all nodes in the network and all edges formed by the nodes, and assumes that there are n nodes and m edges in the network. The optimal path algorithm calculates the weight of each edge, and the weight calculation formula is: In the formula, Qi is the weight of the i-th path, M is the number of all nodes in the network, Di is the distance between the node and the source node, and Dij is the distance between the node and the j-th node.

[0018] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A remote operation and maintenance system based on big data distribution network automation terminal, including a collection terminal, a plant terminal and a low-voltage meter reading module, characterized in that: The acquisition terminal includes a power connection module and a communication connection module, and the plant station terminal includes a dedicated line connection module, a communication upload module and a terminal lightning protection module.

2. According to claim 1, a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data is characterized in that: The installation method of the plant station terminal is rack-mounted and wall-mounted. The plant station terminal collects sub-terminal data according to preset requirements through the RS-485 interface, and saves it in the electronic disk after analysis and processing by the terminal main processor. It is transmitted to the main station through the network and dedicated MODEM transmission channel. The main station analyzes and processes it to obtain big data analysis results.

3. According to the big data distribution network automation terminal remote operation and maintenance system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The low-voltage meter reading module includes an integrated carrier electric energy meter, a 485 communicator, a multifunctional distribution transformer meter, a concentrator and a collector.

4. According to the big data distribution network automation terminal remote operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The operation of the remote operation and maintenance system includes the following steps: Step 1. Collection terminal installation: Install the collection terminal in the collection area of ​​the workspace to collect big data on the work information of the workspace. The collection terminal is configured by default as 8 COM ports, 31 meters per channel, and each meter has 2 RS-485 ports with connection terminals of 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B, which are used as upload channels. Step 2. Installation of the power connection module: Lay and connect the power line of the power connection module and the acquisition terminal. The power connection module is powered by two power supplies, each of which is connected to DC 110V and AC 220V. The DC 110V power supply is hot standby and uninterruptible power supply switching; Step 3. Installation of the communication connection module: Lay and connect the communication connection module and the acquisition terminal with the communication line. The RS-485 communication line uses a 2-core shielded communication line with an effective wire diameter of Φ0.5-2.5mm; Step 4. Wiring check: The acquisition terminal should be installed as shown in the wiring diagram on the terminal wiring cover to avoid wrong wiring. Recheck the RS-485 interface line to prevent reverse connection or wrong connection to other ports. Check all wiring before powering on and proceed only after it is correct. Step 5. Plant terminal debugging: connect the dedicated line connection module to the plant terminal through the RS-485 line, connect the communication line with the main station to the communication upload module, set the archive information of the dedicated line connection module and the communication upload module, set the information upload plan of the communication upload module, check the working progress of the terminal communication upload module of the main station, check the data collection results of the terminal dedicated line upload module, and enter the algorithm: In the formula, S represents the network communication efficiency, H(Xi) is the amount of information that needs to be transmitted, n is the number of information, and M is the number of network nodes that need to be passed during the communication process; Step 6. Access to the plant station terminal communication meter: Each 485 port of the plant station terminal is connected to 1-31 communication meters. The communication meter interface is connected in parallel with the RS-485 line. The A end and the B end of each communication meter RS-485 interface are connected in series. The A end and the B end interface cannot be connected reversely. Step 7. Communication upload module configuration: The communication upload module uses an Ethernet port and an audio four-wire dedicated line MODEM. The communication upload module communicates with the main station using an 8-core network cable and a four-wire audio dedicated line; Step 8. Plant terminal parameter settings: set the master station IP, meter profile information including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate; Step 9. Terminal lightning protection module: The lightning protection ground terminal of the terminal lightning protection module is grounded through the wires provided with the terminal, and an external lightning protection device is connected to the high-incidence area of ​​lightning; Step 10. Collection terminal test: connect the meter to the collection terminal through RS-485 line, set the meter's file information, including line number, meter address, protocol and baud rate, set the information collection plan of the collection terminal, and detect the communication connection data between the master station and the collection terminal; Step 11. Concentrator installation: The concentrator is divided into type I collector and type II collector and installed at the work site. The concentrator sends out a carrier protocol. The type I collector and type II collector convert the carrier protocol frame received from the concentrator into a meter protocol and send it to the meter. The return data received from the meter is converted into a carrier protocol and then forwarded back to the concentrator. Step 12. Measurement point parameter settings: set the master station IP, port and APN, set the heartbeat period, set the network connection method, and enter the measurement point parameters; Step 13. Concentrator debugging: Start the concentrator, set the line loss threshold and alarm parameters, pressure loss alarm, current loss alarm, current reverse alarm, programming alarm, line loss over / negative alarm, relay position change event meter reading failure alarm, time calibration failure, set the measurement point parameters, including meter address, low voltage centralized reading address, set cascade parameters, cascade communication mode, baud rate 9600, start bit 1, data bit 8, stop bit 1, even parity.

5. According to claim 4, a remote operation and maintenance system for distribution network automation terminals based on big data is characterized in that: The plant terminal debugging includes an optimal path selection algorithm, which uses nodes in the network to establish a weighted complete graph. The optimal path selection algorithm calculates the weight for each path and labels it, and arranges the path weights from small to large. The optimal path selection algorithm selects the path with the smallest weight as the optimal path. The optimal path algorithm marks all nodes in the network and all edges formed by the nodes, and assumes that there are n nodes and m edges in the network. The optimal path algorithm calculates the weight of each edge, and the weight calculation formula is: In the formula, Qi is the weight of the i-th path, M is the number of all nodes in the network, Di is the distance between the node and the source node, and Dij is the distance between the node and the j-th node.

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