A biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator and a self-powered marine monitoring system

Abstract

This application relates to a biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator and a self-powered marine monitoring system. The hydroelectric generator includes a biomimetic jellyfish structure, a mounting shell, and a triboelectric nano-power generation component. The biomimetic jellyfish structure includes a crown-shaped foam board and an annular elastic sheet, with the inner side of the annular elastic sheet connected to the outer side of the crown-shaped foam board. The crown-shaped foam board is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting shell, and the triboelectric nano-power generation component is installed inside the mounting shell. The triboelectric nano-power generation component includes multiple spaced electrode plates coaxial with the crown-shaped foam board. The electrode plates are divided into a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate. The first electrode plate is rigidly installed inside the mounting shell, and the second electrode plate is elastically installed inside the mounting shell. The triboelectric nano-power generation component generates electricity at least based on the contact separation between the first and second electrode plates. This invention solves the problem of low power generation efficiency in current small-scale wave energy conversion devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydropower generation, and in particular to a hydropower generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish and a self-powered marine monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Ocean energy, as a clean and pollution-free renewable energy source, has gained widespread favor due to its vast reserves and development potential. Wave energy, one of the five main forms of ocean energy, is more stable and spatially concentrated than wind energy. Utilizing the potential energy difference, reciprocating force, or buoyancy generated by waves, wave energy conversion devices (a type of hydroelectric generator) can convert the mechanical energy generated by waves into electrical energy output. However, due to its relatively low energy density, existing wave energy conversion devices are mainly developing towards medium to large scale. Although medium to large-scale wave energy conversion devices have unparalleled advantages in energy utilization, with the development and widespread distribution of small sensors, this high-entropy energy is gradually unable to meet its power supply needs. Small-scale wave energy conversion devices have great application potential in certain specific scenarios, such as distributed energy supply or power supply for offshore structures. However, current small-scale wave energy conversion devices suffer from low power generation efficiency due to low wave energy capture and conversion efficiency.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of low power generation efficiency in small-scale wave energy conversion devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator and a self-powered marine monitoring system to solve the problem of low power generation efficiency in current small-scale wave energy conversion devices.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish, comprising a biomimetic jellyfish structure, a mounting shell, and a triboelectric nanogenerator component;

[0006] The biomimetic jellyfish structure includes a spherical foam board and an annular elastic sheet, with the inner side of the annular elastic sheet connected to the outer side of the spherical foam board.

[0007] The spherical foam board is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting housing, and the triboelectric nano-power generation component is installed inside the mounting housing;

[0008] The triboelectric nanogenerator includes multiple spaced electrode plates coaxial with the spherical foam board. The electrode plates are divided into a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate. The first electrode plate is rigidly installed in the mounting housing, and the second electrode plate is elastically installed in the mounting housing. The triboelectric nanogenerator generates electricity based at least on the contact separation between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.

[0009] Secondly, the present invention provides a self-powered marine monitoring system, including a monitoring sensor and a biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator as described in the first aspect, wherein the hydroelectric generator powers the monitoring sensor.

[0010] Compared with related technologies, the biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator provided by this invention combines a biomimetic jellyfish structure with triboelectric nanogenerator components, achieving efficient collection and conversion of wave energy, thus resulting in high power generation efficiency. Moreover, this hydroelectric generator has a relatively simple structure and belongs to the category of small-scale wave energy conversion devices. Therefore, this invention solves the problem of low power generation efficiency in current small-scale wave energy conversion devices.

[0011] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 These are structural diagrams of a hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 These are structural diagrams of biomimetic jellyfish structures in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the first housing in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the second housing in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 These are structural diagrams of triboelectric nanogenerators in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 These are structural diagrams of the connecting shaft in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the first electrode plate in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the second electrode plate in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a triboelectric nanogenerator component in some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application, the application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the general meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Words such as “a,” “an,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “these,” used in this application, do not indicate quantitative limitation and may be singular or plural. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and any variations thereof used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or modules (units) but may include steps or modules (units) not listed, or may include other steps or modules (units) inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices. The terms “connected,” “linked,” and “coupled,” used in this application, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term “multiple” used in this application refers to two or more. The "and / or" operator describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Typically, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., used in this application are merely for distinguishing similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects.

[0023] This invention provides a hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator includes a biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 and a mounting shell ( Figure 1 The middle part is a combination of the first housing 200 and the second housing 400 and the triboelectric nanogenerator 300.

[0025] The biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 includes a crown-shaped foam board 110 and an annular elastic sheet 120. The annular elastic sheet 120 is primarily made of an elastic, waterproof material, such as rubber. Preferably, the annular elastic sheet 120 is a one-piece structure, but a modular, spliced ​​structure is also possible. The inner side of the annular elastic sheet 120 is connected to the outer side of the crown-shaped foam board 110; the crown-shaped foam board 110 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting housing, and the triboelectric nano-power generation component 300 is installed inside the mounting housing. (Refer to...) Figure 5The triboelectric nanogenerator 300 includes multiple spaced electrode plates coaxial with the spherical foam board 110. The electrode plates are divided into a first electrode plate 360 ​​and a second electrode plate 370. The first electrode plate 360 ​​is rigidly installed in the mounting housing, and the second electrode plate 370 is elastically installed in the mounting housing. The triboelectric nanogenerator 300 generates electricity based at least on the contact separation between the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370.

[0026] In the above technical solution, power generation is mainly achieved through the combination of a biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 and a triboelectric nano-power generation component 300. During use, the biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 floats on the sea surface, and the up-and-down movement of the mounting shell due to the waves causes the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370 in the triboelectric nano-power generation component 300 to move up and down at the same frequency. The first electrode plate 360 ​​is rigidly connected to the mounting shell, while the second electrode plate 370 is elastically connected. Due to the absorption and release of potential energy in the elastic connection, the movement amplitudes of the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370 differ. Therefore, during the wave-like movement, the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370 continuously contact and separate (or move closer and further away), allowing the triboelectric nano-power generation component 300 to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0027] The biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 includes a spherical foam board 110 and an annular elastic sheet 120. This structure can better conform to sea surface waves, thereby more efficiently absorbing wave energy and converting it into its own mechanical energy. To absorb wave energy more efficiently, the ratio between the crown height and the radius of curvature of the spherical foam board 110 can be set between 0.015 and 0.034. At this ratio, the spherical foam board 110 can better conform to sea surface waves. When waves rise, due to the large contact area between the spherical foam board 110 and the waves, the waves can be lifted more significantly, thus converting more wave energy into its own mechanical energy.

[0028] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), based on the principles of triboelectric generation and electrostatic induction coupling, can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. TENGs are characterized by high voltage and low current. Compared to electromagnetic generators, where both voltage and current are proportional to frequency, the output voltage of a TENG is frequency-independent, while the current is proportional to frequency. Therefore, TENGs exhibit better output performance and energy conversion efficiency at low frequencies. Since waves have low-frequency characteristics, using TENGs can more effectively convert low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0029] In summary, the biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator provided by this invention combines a biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 with a triboelectric nano-power generation component 300, achieving efficient collection and conversion of wave energy, thus resulting in high power generation efficiency. Moreover, this hydroelectric generator has a relatively simple structure and belongs to the category of small-scale wave energy conversion devices. Therefore, this invention solves the problem of low power generation efficiency in current small-scale wave energy conversion devices.

[0030] The electrode plates need to be isolated from the outside environment to avoid contact with seawater. This requires a sealed outer casing or an additional sealed structure to isolate the electrode plates.

[0031] For example, the triboelectric nanogenerator also includes a cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 coaxial with the spherical foam board 110; the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 is a sealed structure and is fixedly installed inside the mounting housing, the first electrode plate 360 ​​is rigidly installed inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, and the second electrode plate 370 is elastically installed inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310. The electrode plates are isolated by the additional cylindrical acrylic barrel 310.

[0032] Furthermore, to facilitate assembly, the outer casing can be designed as a separate unit. (See reference...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, the mounting housing may include a first housing 200 with its opening facing downwards and a second housing 400 with its opening facing upwards. The first housing 200 and the second housing 400, with their openings facing each other, can be fixedly assembled together using a first bolt 410 and a first nut 240 to form a complete mounting housing. Both the first housing 200 and the second housing 400 can adopt a claw structure, with each claw corresponding to the others and having screw holes for mounting the first bolt 410. During installation, the claws of the two housings are aligned and then connected and fixed using the first bolt 410 and the first nut 240. Simultaneously, the upper end of the first housing 200 is fixedly connected to a spherical foam board 110. For example, a second bolt 220 can be fixedly installed at the upper end of the first housing 200. The spherical foam board 110 has a through hole in the middle to accommodate the second bolt 220. After the top of the second bolt 220 passes through the through hole, the spherical foam board 110 is fixed to the first housing 200 using a second nut 210, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the spherical foam board 110 and the first housing 200.

[0033] In some embodiments, the triboelectric nanogenerator also includes a connecting shaft 323 to the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310; the connecting shaft 323 is elastically mounted inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 along its own axis, and the connecting shaft 323 movably passes through the first electrode plate 360 ​​and is fixedly passed through the second electrode plate 370.

[0034] In the above embodiment, a specific mounting structure for the second electrode plate 370 is provided. The elastic connection between the second electrode plate 370 and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 is mainly achieved through a connecting shaft 323. Both the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370 have through holes in their middle portions. The through hole in the first electrode plate 360 ​​is larger, allowing the connecting shaft 323 to pass through without contact, thus ensuring that the movements of the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the connecting shaft 323 do not interfere with each other. The through hole in the second electrode plate 370 is smaller and needs to be fixedly sleeved onto the connecting shaft 323, achieving a rigid connection with the connecting shaft 323. Since the connecting shaft 323 and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 are elastically connected, the elastic connection between the second electrode plate 370 and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 is thus achieved.

[0035] For the rigid connection between the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, the outer wall of the first electrode plate 360 ​​can be directly fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, for example, by adhesive bonding, interference fit clips, or bolts and screws. Alternatively, a screw can be used, with one end of the screw fixedly connected to the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, and the outer side of the first electrode plate 360 ​​fixedly connected to the screw by a nut.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 For the rigid connection between the second electrode plate 370 and the connecting shaft 323, specifically, limiters 321 are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the connecting shaft 323, and multiple limiting rings 322 are movably sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft 323. The limiting rings 322 movably pass through the first electrode plate 360, and the second electrode plate 370 and the limiting rings 322 are alternately spaced. Under the limiting action of the two limiters 321, the relative position of the second electrode plate 370 and the limiting rings 322 on the connecting shaft 323 is fixed. The diameter of the through hole in the middle of the second electrode plate 370 should be smaller than the diameter of the limiting rings 322, so that the limiting rings 322 can abut against the second electrode plate 370. Under the limiting action of the two limiters 321, the relative position of the second electrode plate 370 and the limiting rings 322 on the connecting shaft 323 is restricted, thereby achieving a rigid connection between the second electrode plate 370 and the connecting shaft 323. Meanwhile, the length of the limiting ring 322 determines the spacing between two adjacent second electrode plates 370. Of course, other methods can also be used to achieve a rigid connection between the second electrode plate 370 and the connecting shaft 323, such as bonding, interference fit, or bolts and screws.

[0037] Specifically, for the elastic connection between the connecting shaft 323 and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, the bottom wall of the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 has a cylindrical recess. One end of the connecting shaft 323 extends into the cylindrical recess and is connected to the bottom wall of the cylindrical recess via a first spring 326. Since the diameter of the cylindrical recess matches the diameter of the connecting shaft 323, the cylindrical recess acts as a limiter for the connecting shaft 323, restricting its movement only along its own axial direction. Simultaneously, the first spring 326 achieves the elastic connection between the connecting shaft 323 and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310. Alternatively, a linear bearing 324 can be installed at the end of the connecting shaft 323. The linear bearing 324 is fixedly installed within the cylindrical recess, which also serves to limit the movement of the connecting shaft 323 without affecting its axial movement.

[0038] Regarding the specific structures of the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370, the first electrode plate 360 ​​is sequentially composed of a triboelectric material friction layer 362, a metal electrode conductive layer 363, a first substrate 364, and the triboelectric material friction layer 362. The first substrate 364 is located in the middle, with the metal electrode conductive layer 363 and the triboelectric material friction layer 362 symmetrically arranged on both sides. The second electrode plate 370 is sequentially composed of a metal electrode conductive friction layer 372, a flexible buffer layer 373, a second substrate 374, and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372. The second substrate 374 is located in the middle, with the flexible buffer layer 373 and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372 symmetrically distributed on both sides. The metal electrode conductive layer 363 and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372 connect to the two ends of an external load. When the distance between the first electrode plate 360 ​​and the second electrode plate 370 changes, electrostatic induction causes a potential difference between the triboelectric material friction layer 362 and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372, and the charge is transferred from the external circuit, thereby generating current output.

[0039] The above embodiments mainly provide the specific structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator, and other specific structures can be adopted accordingly.

[0040] In other embodiments, there are two first electrode plates 360 rigidly mounted inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, and at least one second electrode plate 370 is located between the two first electrode plates 360; adjacent electrode plates are connected by a second spring. In this embodiment, a connecting shaft 323 is not required. The two first electrode plates 360 located at the uppermost and lowermost ends are directly fixedly connected to the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310. This fixed connection method can be the same as the connection method between the first electrode plates 360 and the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 in the previous embodiment. The multiple second electrode plates 370 located between the two first electrode plates 360 are not fixedly connected to the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, but are connected to each other or to the first electrode plates 360 through second springs 380. Therefore, during the process of the biomimetic jellyfish structure 100 absorbing wave energy and driving the installation shell and cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 to move up and down, the movement amplitude between the second electrode plate 370 and the first electrode plate 360 ​​is different, and the movement amplitude between each first electrode plate 360 ​​is also different. Consequently, the spacing between each electrode plate changes, and the triboelectric nano-power generation component 300 can generate electricity based on the contact separation method.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first electrode plate 360 ​​mainly includes a first substrate 364, on which a flexible sponge and a metal electrode are sequentially disposed. The second electrode plate 370 mainly includes a second substrate 374, on which flexible sponge and metal electrodes are sequentially disposed symmetrically on both sides.

[0042] As described above, at least one embodiment of each part of the biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator provided by the present invention has been described. It should be noted that the various parts of the biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator can be combined using different embodiments to constitute different embodiments of the biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator.

[0043] For example, refer to Figure 1 In one specific overall embodiment, the biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator includes: a floating structure (bionic jellyfish structure 100) for collecting wave energy, an upper fixing structure (first shell 200), a power generation structure (triboelectric nano-power generation component 300), and a lower fixing structure (second shell 400). The floating structure, upper fixing structure, and lower fixing structure firmly fix the power generation structure within them.

[0044] Reference Figure 2The floating structure mainly consists of a spherical foam board 110 and an annular rubber sheet (annular elastic sheet 120). The rubber sheet, as a flexible structure, effectively captures the enormous energy of wave crests and troughs, making this floating structure particularly advantageous for energy harvesting specific wave distributions. To secure the floating structure to the upper fixed structure, a through hole is made in the top of the foam board. The floating structure is firmly fixed to the upper fixed structure using a second bolt 220 and a second nut 210.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A through hole is made at the top of the upper fixing structure to allow the second bolt 220 to pass through. The second bolt 220 is then passed through the foam board 110 and connected to the second nut 210. Five through holes are made in the claw structure below the upper fixing structure. Through these through holes, the upper fixing structure and the lower fixing structure are fixed together using the first bolt 410 and the first nut 240.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 The lower fixing structure has five through holes corresponding to the upper fixing structure, and a cylindrical recess 420 is also opened at the bottom to embed a small acrylic barrel 350 in the internal power generation structure.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The power generation structure consists of a cylindrical acrylic barrel 310, a small acrylic barrel 350 (located at the bottom of the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 and connected to it, forming a cylindrical recess on the bottom wall of the cylindrical acrylic barrel 310), a central shaft system 320, fixing bolts 330, fixing nuts 340, a fixed plate (first electrode plate 360), and a moving plate (second electrode plate 370). The cylindrical acrylic barrel 310 and the small acrylic barrel 350 completely enclose the internal multi-layer power generation unit. The shaft system 320 mainly consists of an iron shaft (connecting shaft 323), a small acrylic circular plate 325, a first spring 326, a linear bearing 324, a limiter 321, and a limit ring 322. The power generation unit is a multi-layer synchronous contact separation TENG, and the fixing bolts 330 and fixing nuts 340 fix the four fixed plate groups together. Limiter 321 and limit ring 322 clamp the three moving plates between the four fixed plates. The length of limit ring 322 is designed by 3D printing to determine the spacing between the moving plates. Linear bearing 324 ensures that the iron shaft does not shift. In this way, the vibration of the spring can drive the three moving plates to move up and down together, contacting and separating from the fixed plates.

[0048] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8The first electrode plate 360 ​​is sequentially composed of a triboelectric material friction layer 362, a metal electrode conductive layer 363, a first substrate 364, and the triboelectric material friction layer 362. The second electrode plate 370 is sequentially composed of a metal electrode conductive friction layer 372, a flexible buffer layer 373, a second substrate 374, a flexible buffer layer 343, and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372. The metal electrode conductive layer 363 and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372 are connected to the two ends of an external load. When the distance between the electrode plates 360 and 370 changes, electrostatic induction creates a potential difference between the triboelectric material friction layer 362 and the metal electrode conductive friction layer 372, causing charge to transfer from the external circuit and thus generating current output.

[0049] This invention also provides a self-powered marine monitoring system, including monitoring sensors and a biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator provided by this invention. The hydroelectric generator powers the monitoring sensors. Specifically, when the hydroelectric generator is excited by waves, its internal triboelectric nanogenerators activate, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. This electrical energy is then processed and stored by a power management circuit, supplying power to the monitoring sensors and a wireless signal transmitter. The signal is then transmitted to a terminal device via the wireless signal transmitter, enabling self-powered remote roadside monitoring and early warning. The monitoring sensors can be water quality sensors, temperature sensors, etc.

[0050] In some embodiments, the self-powered marine monitoring system also includes a warning device, which is powered by the hydroelectric generator. The warning device may be a warning light, thus enabling the self-powered marine monitoring system to simultaneously perform on-site monitoring and early warning functions.

[0051] In summary, this invention provides a self-powered device for a biomimetic jellyfish-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator based on biomimetic principles, comprising:

[0052] The biomimetic jellyfish-shaped structure consists of arc-shaped foam, rubber sheets, a 3D-printed shell, bolts, nuts, and an acrylic cylindrical barrel. The foam and rubber sheets form the generator's floating structure. As waves stimulate the system, the rubber sheets in the floating structure better conform to the waves, thereby increasing the generator's vibration displacement and longitudinal acceleration.

[0053] The multi-layer synchronous contact separation TENG consists of a substrate, copper electrodes, FEP (perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer) film, hexagonal bolts, hexagonal nuts, and iron shafts. Four substrates, fixed by three hexagonal bolts connected in series and multiple hexagonal nuts, serve as fixed plates. Three substrates, fixed by iron shafts connected in series and limiters, serve as moving plates. The moving plates and fixed plates are then alternately stacked to form a TENG with six pairs of contact separation modes.

[0054] The internal braking device consists of a spring, an iron shaft, and a small acrylic circular plate. When excited by external waves, inertial force and acceleration are generated internally. At this time, the inertial force is converted into elastic potential energy, which then drives the three moving plates connected in series by the iron shaft to move violently up and down.

[0055] Based on the above-mentioned self-powered device, the present invention also provides a self-powered temperature monitoring method. When the self-powered device is excited by waves, the generator moves up and down with the waves and the internal spring vibrates to drive the multi-layer TENG to generate electricity. The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and then processed and stored by the power management circuit, and then used to power the temperature sensor device to realize self-powered temperature monitoring.

[0056] Based on the above-mentioned self-powered device, the present invention also provides a self-powered water quality monitoring strategy. When the self-powered device is excited by waves, the jellyfish shell vibrates and swings, causing the spring to drive the internal TENG unit. The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and then processed and stored by the power management circuit, which powers the water quality sensor device and the wireless signal transmission device. The signal is sent to the terminal device by the wireless transmission module, realizing self-powered remote roadside monitoring and early warning.

[0057] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0058] 1. A biomimetic jellyfish-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on bionic principles is proposed as a self-powered device to collect low-frequency wave energy and generate a larger vibration amplitude through its unique biomimetic jellyfish shape. Taking advantage of the TENG's suitability for low-frequency excitation, it efficiently converts low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical energy output.

[0059] 2. A biomimetic jellyfish-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator self-powered device based on biomimetic principles is proposed to collect low-frequency wave energy and generate a larger vibration amplitude through the unique biomimetic jellyfish shape. External excitation drives the contact separation of the internal multi-layered stacked spring TENG structure, which efficiently converts low-frequency mechanical energy into electrical energy output.

[0060] 3. Based on the aforementioned self-powered device, a self-powered water quality monitoring strategy and a self-powered warning light strategy are proposed. This invention provides a more complete implementation plan for TENG in the field of self-powered intelligent water applications and has broad application prospects in the field of distributed low-frequency wave energy harvesting and utilization.

[0061] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not intended to limit it. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] Obviously, the accompanying drawings are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar situations based on these drawings without any creative effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the work done in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art, certain design, manufacturing, or production modifications made based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be considered as insufficient disclosure of this application.

Claims

1. A hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish, characterized in that, Including a biomimetic jellyfish structure, mounting shell, and triboelectric nanogenerator components; The biomimetic jellyfish structure includes a spherical foam board and an annular elastic sheet, with the inner side of the annular elastic sheet connected to the outer side of the spherical foam board. The spherical foam board is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting housing, and the triboelectric nano-power generation component is installed inside the mounting housing; The triboelectric nanogenerator includes multiple spaced electrode plates coaxial with the spherical foam board. The electrode plates are divided into a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate. The first electrode plate is rigidly installed in the mounting housing, and the second electrode plate is elastically installed in the mounting housing. The triboelectric nanogenerator generates electricity based at least on the contact separation between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate. The triboelectric nanogenerator also includes a cylindrical acrylic barrel coaxial with the spherical foam board. The cylindrical acrylic barrel is a sealed structure and is fixedly installed inside the mounting housing. The first electrode plate is rigidly installed inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel, and the second electrode plate is elastically installed inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel. The triboelectric nanogenerator also includes a connecting shaft to the cylindrical acrylic barrel. The connecting shaft is elastically mounted inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel along its own axis. The connecting shaft movably passes through the first electrode plate and is fixedly passed through the second electrode plate. A plurality of limiting rings are movably sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft. The limiting rings movably pass through the first electrode plate. The second electrode plate and the limiting rings are alternately spaced and abut against each other.

2. The hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the cylindrical acrylic barrel has a cylindrical recess, and one end of the connecting shaft extends into the cylindrical recess and is connected to the bottom wall of the cylindrical recess by a first spring.

3. The hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limiters are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the connecting shaft; Under the limiting action of the two limiters, the relative positions of the second electrode plate and the limiting ring on the connecting shaft are fixed.

4. The hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrode plate consists of two pieces and is rigidly installed inside the cylindrical acrylic barrel, with at least one second electrode plate located between the two first electrode plates; The two adjacent electrode plates are connected by a second elastic connection.

5. The biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The mounting housing has a split structure.

6. The hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio between the crown height and the radius of curvature of the spherical foam board is between 0.015 and 0.

034.

7. The hydroelectric generator based on a biomimetic jellyfish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular elastic sheet is made of rubber; and / or, the annular elastic sheet is an integral structure.

8. A self-powered marine monitoring system, characterized in that, The device includes a monitoring sensor and a biomimetic jellyfish-based hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the hydroelectric generator powers the monitoring sensor.

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