Method for transplanting full seedlings of rice in salinized land

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a saline land rice full-seedling transplanting method which comprises the steps of reducing the height of a field, keeping the depth of a water layer, controlling the water salinity, guaranteeing the transplanting speed and controlling the temperature of the water layer. According to the method, a stable growth environment is provided for the transplanted rice by scientifically regulating and controlling the moisture salinity and the water layer temperature, the survival rate and the growth speed of the transplanted rice in the saline land field are further increased by reducing the height of the field, keeping the proper water layer depth and increasing the transplanting speed, the seedling recovering time is shortened, full-seedling transplanting is facilitated, and the survival rate of the transplanted rice in the saline land field is increased. Meanwhile, the method is easy and convenient to operate, is not limited by rice varieties and regions, can effectively improve the plant height, tiller number, overground part dry matter weight and rice yield of transplanted rice, and has certain economic and popularization value for rice production in the salinized land.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land. Background Art

[0002] Global warming has caused rising surface temperatures, long-term droughts, and changes in rainfall patterns, leading to increased evaporation of surface water, driving up soil salinity and accumulating it on the surface. In addition, rising sea levels and seawater backflow have exacerbated the salinization of cultivated soil in coastal areas, causing food shortages and threatening agricultural production safety. Soil salinization is an abiotic stress that has an adverse effect on crop growth. Rice is an important staple crop, and rice is sensitive to salt stress during the seedling stage. Salt stress during this period significantly inhibits the growth and development of rice, causing slow growth, yellowing of leaves, and even death, ultimately reducing its yield. Current research on rice transplanting methods is mostly conducted under non-saline land conditions. For example, to study the effects of direct seeding and transplanting on rice panicle traits and grain morphology, two production methods, direct seeding and transplanting, were set up. It was ultimately concluded that the cultivation method can affect rice panicle traits and grain appearance morphology. However, there is little research on methods for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land. The main problems of rice transplanting under saline land conditions include slow growth of rice seedlings, low survival rate after transplanting, and damage to the root system caused by salt damage. Therefore, a new method is urgently needed to solve these problems in the process of rice transplanting in saline land to improve the survival rate and yield of rice. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land, so as to solve the problems of slow rice growth, low survival rate, low yield and long seedling acclimatization time in the process of transplanting rice in saline land in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land comprises the following steps: Step 1: Lower the field height: Before transplanting, use an agricultural rotary tiller to till the soil several times and scrape the surface soil flat, controlling the horizontal error of the soil surface within 1-2 cm; Step 2: Maintain the depth of the water layer: From the time of tilling the land to the time of transplanting, maintain the depth of the water layer in the field between 3-5 cm; Step 3: Control water salinity: Place professional salinity measuring instruments at intervals of 10m in the field to monitor the water salinity in the field in real time, and adjust the water salinity in the field by irrigation or drainage around the field to ensure the stability and uniformity of the water salinity in the whole field; Step 4: Ensure the transplanting speed: The transplanting work in salt water fields needs to take into account the transplanting area and the number of workers to ensure the speed of transplanting rice seedlings, and control it to be completed between 6 am and 6 pm on the same day, avoiding the high temperature period from 11 am to 1 pm; Step 5: Control the water layer temperature: Install high-precision water temperature sensors at intervals of 20m in the field to monitor the water layer temperature in real time, and keep the water layer temperature between 25-30℃.

[0005] Furthermore, after the rice seedlings are grown in the nursery field to the three-leaf and one-heart stage, they are manually transplanted to the saline field, with a row spacing of 20 cm×20 cm and 2 seedlings per hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the transplanting speed in step four is directly related to weather changes. If the transplanting time is cloudy and with little sunlight, the personnel are organized to complete the work between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. on the same day, avoiding the high temperature period from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.; if the transplanting time is sunny and hot, the seedlings are moved to a shady place after the transplanting is completed in the morning, and transplanting continues in the afternoon when the solar radiation weakens or it is cloudy.

[0007] Furthermore, in step five, when encountering high temperature weather, the operation of controlling the temperature of the water layer is: covering the paddy field by laying a sunshade net, and in cold weather, maintaining the temperature of the water layer by covering it with insulation materials.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a stable growth environment for transplanted rice by scientifically regulating water salinity and water layer temperature, further improves the survival rate and growth rate of transplanted rice in large fields on saline land by reducing field height, maintaining an appropriate water layer depth, and increasing transplanting speed, shortens the seedling acclimatization time, helps to transplant all seedlings, reduces the loss of subsequent rice seedling replenishment in saline land, increases rice yield, saves manpower and material resources, and avoids waste of resources; The method of the present application is not limited by rice varieties and regions, and can be flexibly adjusted according to changes in seasons and weather, and has high adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a data diagram showing the effects of different transplanting methods on rice plant height at different stages in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a data diagram showing the effects of different transplanting methods on the number of rice tillers at different stages in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a data diagram showing the effect of different transplanting methods on the aboveground dry matter weight of rice at different stages in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a data diagram showing the effects of different transplanting methods on rice plant height at different stages in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a data diagram showing the effects of different transplanting methods on the number of rice tillers at different stages in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a data graph showing the effects of different transplanting methods on the aboveground dry matter weight of rice at different stages in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0011] (1) Test location and time: Field tests will be conducted in 2024 at the National Salt-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center's saline-alkali base in Dadan Village, Yacheng Town, Yazhou District, Sanya City, Hainan Province; (2) Salt concentration setting: Use pipes and water pumps to draw nearby seawater and groundwater for mixing, and set the salt water concentration to 3‰ w / v for irrigation into the field; (3) Test varieties: JLY3261 and SLY1143; (4) Treatment design: The measure using the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land was recorded as TR, and the conventional rice transplanting method in farmland was used as the control (CK) for comparative analysis; (5) Specific operations: Set up plastic film around the rice nursery to prevent rats, germinate two varieties of rice seeds and evenly sow them in the flat rice nursery field, maintain the nursery field without obvious water layer before the seedlings have one leaf and one heart stage to prevent the seedlings from being submerged and causing the seedlings to die of lack of oxygen; after the seedlings have one leaf and one heart stage, irrigate the nursery field to maintain a shallow water layer; during the entire nursery field management period, take measures to prevent and control pests and diseases; when the seedlings reach the three-leaf and one-heart stage, transplant them manually to the salt water field according to the transplanting method of this application, with a transplanting spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm and 2 seedlings per hole; after transplanting, carry out corresponding salt water management treatment until the rice is mature and harvested; urea (total nitrogen ≥ 46.0%) is used as nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount is 150 kg per hectare of field The total nitrogen of rice should be applied at a mass ratio of basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: ear fertilizer = 1:1:1; superphosphate (P2O5 ≥ 16.0%) should be used as phosphate fertilizer, with a dosage of 60 kg of P2O5 per hectare of field, applied as a basal fertilizer at one time; potassium chloride (K2O ≥ 60.0%) should be used as potash fertilizer, with a dosage of 100 kg of K2O per hectare of field, applied at a mass ratio of basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: ear fertilizer = 1:2:2; according to the pest and disease disaster warning issued by the local agricultural technology extension service agency and combined with field observation, pesticides should be sprayed regularly from the middle of rice tillering, and the brand of pesticides should be changed periodically; during the flowering period of rice, measures such as laying bird-proof nets, hanging ribbons, and spreading rat poison should be taken to prevent yield losses; The specific operation steps of the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land in this experiment are as follows: S1. Reduce the height of the field: Before transplanting in saline land, use an agricultural rotary tiller to till the soil several times to loosen it and scrape the surface soil flat, and control the horizontal error of the soil surface to within 1-2cm; S2. Maintain water depth: from tilling to transplanting, maintain the water depth in the field between 3-5cm; S3. Control water salinity: Professional salinity measuring instruments are placed at intervals of 10m in the field to monitor the water salinity in the field in real time. Ridges are built around the fields to adjust the water salinity in the field through irrigation or drainage on all sides to ensure the stability and uniformity of the water salinity in the whole field. The water salinity is controlled at 3±0.5‰w / v; S4. Ensure transplanting speed: Honda transplanting time is January 22, 2024. The local weather is cloudy and there is little sunshine. The rice seedlings will be pulled out in the rice field at 6 o'clock in the morning to avoid the high temperature period from 11 o'clock in the morning to 1 o'clock in the afternoon. The rice seedlings of 3 mu of land will be transplanted before 6 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day. The spacing between rice transplanting rows is unified as 20cm×20cm, and 2 rice seedlings are planted in each hole; S5. Control the water layer temperature: Install high-precision water temperature sensors at intervals of 20m in the field to monitor the water layer temperature in real time and maintain the water temperature between 25-30℃, which is suitable for rice growth.

[0012] (6) Measurement and analysis: 12 rice stumps (about 0.48 m2) were randomly selected from the experimental field at the middle tillering stage, panicle differentiation stage, heading stage and maturity stage. 2 ) disease-free and uniformly growing rice plants; after cleaning the rice samples, use a ruler to measure the plant height of each rice sample and record the number of tillers; cut off the roots of the rice samples with scissors, divide the plants into leaves, stems and panicles (flowering stage and maturity stage), put them into mesh bags and place them in an oven, fix the samples at 105℃ for 30 minutes, then adjust the temperature to 80℃ and dry the samples to a constant weight, take them out and cool them to room temperature, weigh and calculate the total dry weight of the aboveground parts; During the rice maturity period, 3m 2 The plants (about 75 plants) with uniform growth were placed under natural conditions for sun drying and threshing. The rice grains were weighed after being winnowed and impurities were removed. The moisture content of rice grains was measured using a grain moisture meter (PM-8188-A, KETT, Japan), converted to the grain mass with a moisture content of 14.0%, and the actual yield was calculated. At the rice maturity stage, six plants with uniform growth were randomly selected in each experimental plot, and the number of ears was recorded and calculated per unit area. The rice ears were threshed manually, and the full grains and empty grains in the rice were separated by water selection. After drying, the half-full grains and empty grains were separated by seed wind separation purity meter (CFY-Ⅱ, Zhejiang Top Instrument Co., Ltd., China), and the masses of full grains, half-full grains and empty grains were weighed and recorded. Samples were taken from them: 3 full grain samples (30 g), half-full grain samples (10 g) and empty grain samples (5 g) were weighed respectively, and the number of grains in the samples was manually counted, and the total number of full grains, half-full grains and empty grains were calculated. The specific calculation method of yield components is as follows: Number of ears per unit area = number of sample ears / sampling area; Number of spikelets per ear = total number of spikelets per unit area / number of ears per unit area; Fruit setting rate (%) = number of full grains / total number of spikelets × 100; Thousand-grain weight = mass of full grains in sample / number of full grains × 1000.

[0013] Analysis of test results: like Figure 1As shown, in the middle tillering stage of rice, the plant heights of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 16.31% and 5.61% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the panicle differentiation stage of rice, the plant heights of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 13.89% and 9.75% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the heading stage of rice, the plant heights of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 7.34% and 2.09% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the rice maturity stage, the plant heights of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 8.05% and 2.08% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; In summary, the plant heights of the two rice varieties at multiple key growth stages were significantly higher than those of the rice under the conventional rice transplanting method in farmland by adopting the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land; like Figure 2 As shown, in the middle tillering stage of rice, the tiller numbers of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 77.0% and 30.21% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the panicle differentiation stage of rice, the tiller numbers of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 35.76% and 10.32% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the heading stage of rice, the tiller numbers of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 26.32% and 28.69% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the rice maturity stage, the tiller numbers of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 32.85% and 20.56% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in summary, the tiller numbers of the two rice varieties at multiple key growth nodes were significantly greater under the rice transplanting method of conventional farmland rice by adopting the whole seedling transplanting method of saline land. (3) If Figure 3 As shown, in the middle tillering stage of rice, the aboveground dry matter weight of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 85.14% and 31.61% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the panicle differentiation stage of rice, the aboveground dry matter weight of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 45.41% and 11.36% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the heading stage of rice, the aboveground dry matter weight of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 28.43% and 18.34% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; in the rice maturity stage, the aboveground dry matter weight of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 43.61% and 28.05% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment; In summary, the aboveground dry matter weight of the two rice varieties at multiple key growth nodes was significantly higher than that of rice under conventional rice transplanting methods in farmland by adopting the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land; (4) As shown in Table 1, at the rice maturity stage, the yield of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 32.4% and 29.5% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment. Among the yield components, the number of effective panicles per unit area of ​​JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 32.84% and 20.59% respectively under TR compared with CK treatment. The number of spikelets per panicle of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 10.72% and 7.48% respectively. The fruit setting rate of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 3.91% and 1.26% respectively. The thousand-grain weight of JLY3261 and SLY1143 increased by 0.58% and 0.93% respectively. In summary, the yield and its components of the two rice varieties were significantly higher than those of the rice transplanted under the conventional rice transplanting method in saline land by adopting this whole seedling transplanting method. The difference in yield reached a significant level.

[0014] Table 1 Effects of different transplanting methods on rice yield and its components

[0015] Note: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level, the same below. Example 2

[0016] (1) Test location and time: Field tests will be conducted in 2024 at the Leyi Village Test Station in Liguo Town, Ledong Li Autonomous County, Hainan Province; (2) Salt concentration setting: Use pipes and water pumps to draw nearby seawater and groundwater for mixing, and set the salt water concentration to 3‰ w / v for irrigation into the field; (3) Test variety: JLY3261; (4) Treatment design: The measure using the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land was recorded as TR, and the conventional rice transplanting method in farmland was used as the control (CK) for comparative analysis; (5) Specific operations: Set up plastic film around the rice nursery field to prevent rats, germinate the Qing Liang You 3261 seeds and evenly sow them in the flat rice nursery field. Before the seedlings have one leaf and one heart, keep the seedling field free of obvious water layer to prevent the seedlings from being submerged and causing death due to lack of oxygen. After the seedlings have one leaf and one heart, irrigate the seedling field to maintain a shallow water layer. During the entire nursery field management period, take measures to prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds. When the seedlings reach the three-leaf and one-heart stage, transplant them manually to the salt water field according to the transplanting method of this application, with a transplanting spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm, and 2 seedlings per hole. After transplanting, the corresponding salt water management treatment is carried out until the rice is mature and harvested; urea (total nitrogen ≥ 46.0%) is used as nitrogen fertilizer, with a dosage of 150 kg of total nitrogen per hectare of field, applied at a mass ratio of basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: ear fertilizer = 1:1:1; superphosphate (P2O5 ≥ 16.0%) is used as phosphate fertilizer, with a dosage of 60 kg of P2O5 per hectare of field, applied as a one-time basal fertilizer; potassium chloride (K2O ≥ 60.0%) is used as potassium fertilizer, with a dosage of 100 kg of K2O per hectare of field, applied at a mass ratio of basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: ear fertilizer = 1:2:2; according to the pest and disease disaster warning issued by the local agricultural technology extension service agency and combined with field observation, pesticides are sprayed regularly from the middle of rice tillering, and the brand of pesticides is changed periodically; during the flowering period of rice, measures such as laying bird-proof nets, hanging ribbons, and spreading rat poison are taken to prevent yield losses; The specific operation steps of the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land in this experiment are as follows: S1. Reduce the height of the field: Before transplanting in saline land, use an agricultural rotary tiller to till the soil several times to loosen it and scrape the surface soil flat, and control the horizontal error of the soil surface to within 1-2cm; S2. Maintain water depth: from tilling to transplanting, maintain the water depth in the field between 3-5cm; S3. Control water salinity: Professional salinity measuring instruments are installed at intervals of 10m in the field to monitor the water salinity in the field in real time. Ridges are built around the fields, and the water salinity in the field is adjusted by irrigation or drainage through openings on all sides to ensure the stability and uniformity of the water salinity in the whole field. The water salinity is controlled at 3±0.5‰w / v; S4. Ensure transplanting speed: Honda transplanting time is January 15, 2024. It is sunny at noon and the daytime temperature is high. 8 rice transplanters are hired to start pulling out the rice seedlings in the rice field at 7 a.m. After pulling out the rice seedlings, they are transferred to a shaded area and the rice transplanting work of 2 mu of land is completed before 6 p.m. on the same day. The rice transplanting plant spacing is unified to 20cm×20cm, with 2 rice seedlings in each hole; S5. Control the water layer temperature: Install high-precision water temperature sensors at intervals of 20m in the field to monitor the water layer temperature in real time and maintain the water temperature between 25-30℃, which is suitable for rice growth; (6) Measurement and analysis: 12 rice stumps (about 0.48 m2) were randomly selected from the experimental field at the middle tillering stage, panicle differentiation stage, heading stage and maturity stage. 2 ) Disease-free and uniformly growing rice plants. After cleaning the rice samples, use a ruler to measure the plant height of each rice sample and record the number of tillers. Cut off the roots of the rice samples with scissors, divide the plants into leaves, stems and panicles (flowering stage and maturity stage), put them into mesh bags and place them in an oven. After killing the samples at 105°C for 30 minutes, adjust the temperature to 80°C and dry the samples to a constant weight. Take them out and cool them to room temperature, weigh and calculate the total dry weight of the aboveground parts; During the rice maturity period, 3m 2 The plants (about 75 plants) with uniform growth were placed under natural conditions for sun drying and threshing. The rice grains were weighed after being winnowed and impurities were removed. The moisture content of rice grains was measured using a grain moisture meter (PM-8188-A, KETT, Japan), converted to the grain mass with a moisture content of 14.0%, and the actual yield was calculated. At the rice maturity stage, six plants with uniform growth were randomly selected in each experimental plot, and the number of ears was recorded and calculated per unit area. The rice ears were threshed manually, and the full grains and empty grains in the rice were separated by water selection. After drying, the half-full grains and empty grains were separated by seed wind separation purity meter (CFY-Ⅱ, Zhejiang Top Instrument Co., Ltd., China), and the masses of full grains, half-full grains and empty grains were weighed and recorded. Samples were taken from them: 3 full grain samples (30 g), half-full grain samples (10 g) and empty grain samples (5 g) were weighed respectively, and the number of grains in the samples was manually counted, and the total number of full grains, half-full grains and empty grains were calculated. The specific calculation method of yield components is as follows: Number of ears per unit area = number of sample ears / sampling area; Number of spikelets per ear = total number of spikelets per unit area / number of ears per unit area; Fruit setting rate (%) = number of full grains / total number of spikelets × 100; Thousand-grain weight = mass of full grains in sample / number of full grains × 1000.

[0017] Analysis of test results: (1) If Figure 4 As shown, in the middle tillering stage of rice, the plant height of JLY3261 increased by 13.27% compared with the CK treatment in TR; in the panicle differentiation stage of rice, the plant height of JLY3261 increased by 12.97% compared with the CK treatment in TR; in the heading stage of rice, the plant height of JLY3261 increased by 9.66% compared with the CK treatment; in the rice maturity stage, the plant height of JLY3261 increased by 11.92% compared with the CK treatment in TR; In summary, the plant height of rice at multiple key growth nodes was significantly higher when the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land was used for transplanting than that of rice under the conventional rice transplanting method in farmland; (2) If Figure 5 As shown, in the middle tillering stage of rice, the tiller number of JLY3261 increased by 22.27% compared with the CK treatment under TR; in the panicle differentiation stage of rice, the tiller number of JLY3261 increased by 16.33% compared with the CK treatment under TR; in the heading stage of rice, the tiller number of JLY3261 increased by 12.18% compared with the CK treatment; in the rice maturity stage, the tiller number of JLY3261 increased by 12.92% compared with the CK treatment under TR; In summary, the tiller number of rice at multiple key growth nodes of the rice transplanting method of whole seedlings in saline land was significantly greater than that of rice under the conventional rice transplanting method in farmland; (3) If Figure 6 As shown, in the middle tillering stage of rice, the aboveground dry weight of JLY3261 increased by 42.86% compared with the CK treatment under TR; in the panicle differentiation stage of rice, the aboveground dry weight of JLY3261 increased by 29.53% compared with the CK treatment under TR; in the heading stage of rice, the aboveground dry weight of JLY3261 increased by 43.47% compared with the CK treatment; in the rice maturity stage, the aboveground dry weight of JLY3261 increased by 22.97% compared with the CK treatment under TR; In summary, the aboveground dry weight of rice at multiple key growth stages was significantly higher than that of rice under the conventional rice transplanting method in farmland by adopting the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land; (4) As shown in Table 2, at the rice maturity stage, the yield of JLY3261 increased by 26.38% under TR compared with CK. Among the yield components, the number of effective panicles per unit area of ​​JLY3261 increased by 12.92%; the number of grains per panicle of JLY3261 increased by 10.13%; the fruit setting rate of JLY3261 increased by 5.27%; and the thousand-grain weight of JLY3261 increased by 3.13%. In summary, the rice yield and its components were significantly higher than those of the rice transplanted under the conventional rice transplanting method in saline land by using the whole seedling transplanting method of rice in saline land, and the difference in yield reached a significant level.

[0018] Table 2 Effects of different transplanting methods on rice yield and its components

[0019] To sum up the above analysis, the method of transplanting all rice seedlings in saline land provided by the present invention is easy to operate and suitable for rice agricultural production in saline land through the "five degrees" method principle of flat field transplanting management of "lowering field height, maintaining water layer depth, controlling water salinity, ensuring transplanting speed, and controlling water layer temperature". In particular, it effectively solves the problems of low transplanting survival rate, slow growth and long seedling acclimatization period in the process of rice transplanting in saline land. Compared with conventional farmland rice transplanting methods, the application of the method of transplanting all rice seedlings in saline land can significantly improve multiple indicators of transplanted rice, such as plant height, number of tillers and aboveground dry matter weight, and ultimately increase the rice yield, which has certain economic and promotion value for rice production in saline land.

[0020] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the contents disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Lower the field height: Before transplanting, use an agricultural rotary tiller to till the soil several times and scrape the surface soil flat, controlling the horizontal error of the soil surface within 1-2 cm; Step 2: Maintain the depth of the water layer: From the time of tilling the land to the time of transplanting, maintain the depth of the water layer in the field between 3-5 cm; Step 3: Control water salinity: Place professional salinity measuring instruments at intervals of 10m in the field to monitor the water salinity in the field in real time, and adjust the water salinity in the field by opening irrigation or drainage around the field. Step 4: Ensure the transplanting speed: The transplanting work in salt water fields needs to take into account the transplanting area and the number of workers to ensure the speed of transplanting rice seedlings, and control it to be completed between 6 am and 6 pm on the same day, avoiding the high temperature period from 11 am to 1 pm; Step 5: Control the water layer temperature: Install high-precision water temperature sensors at intervals of 20m in the field to monitor the water layer temperature in real time, and keep the water layer temperature between 25-30℃.

2. The method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the rice seedlings are grown in the nursery field to the three-leaf and one-heart stage, they are manually transplanted to the saline field, with a plant-row spacing of 20 cm×20 cm and 2 seedlings per hole.

3. The method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transplanting speed in step 4 is directly related to weather changes. If the transplanting time is cloudy and with little sunlight, the personnel should be organized to complete the work between 6 am and 6 pm on the same day, avoiding the high temperature period from 11 am to 1 pm, and complete the work of pulling out and transplanting rice seedlings. If the transplanting time is sunny and hot, the seedlings should be moved to a shady place after pulling out the seedlings in the morning, and transplanting should continue in the afternoon when the solar radiation weakens or it is cloudy.

4. The method for transplanting whole rice seedlings in saline land according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, when encountering high temperature weather, the operation of controlling the temperature of the water layer is: covering the paddy field by laying a sunshade net, and in cold weather, maintaining the temperature of the water layer by covering it with insulation materials.

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