A photovoltaic shed integrated multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system and a sprinkling irrigation method

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system and method integrating photovoltaic racks, and belongs to the field of agricultural irrigation equipment. The multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system comprises a photovoltaic rack unit, a multifunctional sprinkling irrigation unit and an intelligent control unit. The photovoltaic rack unit comprises a rigid support for bearing a photovoltaic panel, a sunshade net and a rotary sprinkling head. The multifunctional sprinkling irrigation unit comprises a rotary sprinkling head, a partition electromagnetic valve, a main water supply pipe, a functional electromagnetic valve, a water pump and a water pool which are sequentially connected through pipelines. The intelligent control unit comprises a system control center for receiving collected data and sending corresponding instructions to complete intermittent irrigation, frost prevention and control and atomization cooling. Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system has the advantages that: 1. the photovoltaic rack and the sprinkling irrigation rack are integrated; 2. the construction cost and the maintenance cost of the related agricultural facility equipment system are greatly reduced; 3. intermittent sprinkling irrigation is realized, and the sprinkling uniformity and the water use efficiency of the sprinkling irrigation on a slope are improved; and 4. crop microclimate regulation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic agriculture, and in particular to a multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrating a photovoltaic shed and a sprinkler irrigation method based on the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system. Background Technology

[0002] In the past decade or so, my country's photovoltaic industry has experienced explosive growth. In the central and eastern regions, land resources for photovoltaic power station construction are becoming increasingly scarce, leading to greater emphasis on utilizing agricultural land for this purpose. When constructing photovoltaic power stations on agricultural land, the photovoltaic power generation equipment and agricultural production facilities should be highly integrated, without affecting crop growth or normal agricultural operations. Utilizing agricultural facilities to regulate the microclimate environment for crop growth is a crucial measure for improving agricultural production, and using photovoltaic brackets to install agricultural facilities can reduce initial installation costs. Sprinkler irrigation systems are an important type of agricultural equipment widely used in modern facility agriculture.

[0003] Several patents have been granted for sprinkler irrigation systems that combine photovoltaic power generation with modern agricultural facilities, such as "Photovoltaic agricultural greenhouse drip irrigation sprinkler fertilization integrated device" (patent number: 201420464599.X), "A photovoltaic agricultural sprinkler irrigation and power generation device" (patent number: 201420040231.0), and "A photovoltaic agricultural intelligent irrigation device" (patent number: 202220789314.4), etc.

[0004] However, existing sprinkler irrigation systems used in photovoltaic agriculture have the following shortcomings or defects: 1. Poor integration between the photovoltaic support frame and the sprinkler irrigation system frame, failing to fully utilize the frame support function provided by the photovoltaic support frame. 2. Insufficient multifunctionality, resulting in poor ability to regulate the microclimate environment for crop growth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system based on photovoltaic agriculture and its control method, which can meet the water and fertilizer needs of crops under photovoltaic panels, improve the microclimate environment for crop growth and development, and reduce the investment cost of agricultural facilities by utilizing the frame support function provided by the photovoltaic bracket.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrating photovoltaic canopy and shed, comprising a shed unit including a rigid support supporting photovoltaic panels, a shade net, and a rotary sprinkler head, wherein the photovoltaic panels are installed above the shade net, and the rotary sprinkler head is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panels and the shade net, forming a functionally coordinated and unified whole; a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation unit including a rotary sprinkler head, a zone solenoid valve, a main water supply pipe, a functional solenoid valve, a water pump, and a water tank connected sequentially through various levels of pipes, the tank area being divided into an equal number of small irrigation zones, the zone solenoid valves being respectively installed on the pipes of the small irrigation zones and connected to the main water supply pipe, the functional solenoid valves being installed on at least one branch, and the water-fertilizer integrated machine combined with a flow meter being connected to the branch; an intelligent control unit including an upper soil moisture sensor, a middle soil moisture sensor, a lower soil moisture sensor for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor for collecting environmental data, all connected to the system control center, the system control center for receiving the collected data and issuing corresponding instructions to complete intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomized cooling actions.

[0007] Preferably, the system also includes a system operation safety unit, which comprises a temperature alarm, a water level measuring instrument, a power management module, a wireless communication module, a large display screen, and a mobile control terminal connected to the system control center; the temperature alarm and the water level measuring instrument are used to monitor abnormal signals of the water pump temperature and the water tank level, respectively, and upload them to the system control center; the wireless communication module is used to exchange signals between the system control center and the mobile control terminal; the power management module is connected to the electrical equipment and is used to receive execution protection signals from the system control center, enabling the faulty equipment to be forcibly shut down; the large display screen is used to display the real-time monitored signals.

[0008] Preferably, the functional solenoid valves are respectively installed on the parallel fertilization branch and irrigation branch. The fertilization branch includes a water and fertilizer machine and a flow meter arranged in sequence. The flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the branch. The water and fertilizer machine can be started after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0009] Preferably, the scaffolding unit further includes a rigid support, steel cable fixing columns, pressure-bearing steel cables, photovoltaic panels, tertiary branch pipes, secondary branch pipes, and primary branch pipes; the pressure-bearing steel cables are arranged laterally at intervals with the rigid support, and both ends of the pressure-bearing steel cables are fixed to the rigid support through the steel cable fixing columns; the photovoltaic panels are disposed above the pressure-bearing steel cables, the tertiary branch pipes are disposed below the pressure-bearing steel cables, and the rotary jet nozzles are disposed below and connected to the tertiary branch pipes; the secondary branch pipes are disposed on one side of each of the tertiary branch pipes and are connected to the rigid support longitudinally along the arrangement direction of the tertiary branch pipes; the primary branch pipes are connected to the main water supply pipe via a partition solenoid valve, and the water flow sequentially passes through the main water supply pipe, the partition solenoid valve, the primary branch pipe, the secondary branch pipe, and the tertiary branch pipe before being sprayed out through the rotary jet nozzles.

[0010] Preferably, the scaffolding unit includes H-shaped steel beams, U-shaped clips, H-shaped steel columns, internally braced fixing pipe clamps, angle steel connections, clamps, and cable ties; the H-shaped steel beams and H-shaped steel columns are used to support the primary and secondary branch pipes of the sprinkler system, respectively, and the connection between them is fixed using angle steel connections; the tertiary branch pipes are stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cables by clamps or cable ties, and are connected to the rotary sprinkler heads after drilling; the secondary branch pipes are concealed along the H-shaped steel beams of the rigid support by the U-shaped clips; the primary branch pipes are arranged attached to the H-shaped steel columns by the internally braced fixing pipe clamps.

[0011] This invention also provides a solution for a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy structures. Specifically, it includes constructing a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system, and further includes the following steps: a system control center presets sprinkler irrigation start-up conditions; a data acquisition module collects environmental and soil data in real time and transmits it to the system control center; the system control center analyzes the current data to determine whether the start-up conditions are met; based on the different start-up conditions met, the system control center sends corresponding instructions to control the system to start intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention, or spray cooling; a safety module monitors the system's operating status in real time and identifies abnormal fault signals; the system control center receives the abnormal fault signals and issues corresponding protection instructions to the power management module to cut off the faulty equipment.

[0012] Preferably, initiating the intermittent sprinkler irrigation includes the following steps: dividing the soil under the photovoltaic panel into a characteristic surface layer, a typical layer, and a characteristic deep layer according to depth from shallow to deep; monitoring the soil moisture of each layer using an upper soil moisture sensor, a middle soil moisture sensor, and a lower soil moisture sensor, respectively; when the sprinkler irrigation begins and the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer approaches saturation, the system control center issues a command to stop the sprinkler irrigation; after a period of time, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer falls below a set value and the moisture data of the typical layer falls below expectations, the system control center issues a command to restart the sprinkler irrigation system and repeat the above process until the data of the typical layer shows that the crop has received sufficient irrigation.

[0013] Preferably, the intermittent sprinkler irrigation system has an integrated water and fertilizer spraying function, including the following steps: the fertilization branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located is connected in parallel with the irrigation pipeline; when irrigation is needed, the solenoid valve of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located is closed, while the solenoid valve of the other parallel branch is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area; when fertilization is needed, the solenoid valve of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located is opened, while the solenoid valve of the other parallel branch is closed, and the water flows through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter reaches the set requirement, the integrated water and fertilizer machine is started and fertilizer is evenly injected into the pipeline, and the water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0014] Preferably, initiating the frost prevention work includes the following steps: the system control center accesses external weather forecast data via a wireless communication module; when the system control center determines a high risk of frost based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensors, protective irrigation is initiated; the duration of each irrigation session follows a preset system duration; after each irrigation session, the system control center determines whether the allowable irrigation limit has been exceeded based on soil moisture sensor data; if it has, irrigation is terminated; if it has not exceeded, the system control center determines whether the preset temperature rise standard has been reached based on air temperature sensor data; if not, irrigation is restarted according to the preset system duration; if so, irrigation is terminated.

[0015] Preferably, initiating the spray cooling operation includes the following steps: when the system control center determines that there is a risk of high temperature based on collected weather data, it starts the water pump to begin spraying water; the duration and interval of multiple spraying rounds are based on preset values ​​of the system control center; simultaneously, the system control center adjusts the working head of the water pump or closes the zoning solenoid valves of some small irrigation areas, at which point the water droplets sprayed from the rotary nozzles are small in size and form a mist; the system control center closes the zoning solenoid valves of the small irrigation areas that have already been sprayed for cooling, and opens the zoning solenoid valves of the small irrigation areas that have not yet been sprayed to continue spraying water for cooling; when the detection data indicates that the cooling target has been achieved, the system control center ends the spraying operation.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, by arranging the water supply pipes and inverted sprinkler heads of the sprinkler system on the photovoltaic power generation bracket, the photovoltaic bracket and the sprinkler support are integrated; second, it integrates functions such as sprinkler irrigation and fertilization, frost prevention, and atomized cooling, enabling a single system to complete multiple agricultural tasks, significantly reducing the construction and maintenance costs of related agricultural facilities and equipment systems; third, when the system control center receives information such as soil moisture from the soil moisture sensor, it will automatically determine whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization have been met according to the program, and send corresponding instructions to achieve intermittent sprinkler irrigation, improving the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation and water use efficiency on slopes, while avoiding the formation of surface runoff and causing soil erosion; fourth, it realizes crop microclimate regulation, and with the folding and unfolding of the shade net, it achieves heating of the irrigation area and cooling of the spray area. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation sub-zones;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection method between the piping and rigid support of a sprinkler irrigation system;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection method between the three-level branch pipe and the pressure-bearing steel cable;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the soil moisture sensor layout;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a logic diagram of the intermittent sprinkler irrigation system.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the intermittent sprinkler irrigation process;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the frost prevention process for a sprinkler irrigation system;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the spray cooling process of a sprinkler irrigation system;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the warning handling process for a sprinkler irrigation system.

[0027] Among them: 1 is rigid support; 2 is steel cable fixing column; 3 is pressure-bearing steel cable; 4 is photovoltaic panel; 5 is shade net; 6 is rotary spray nozzle; 7 is tertiary branch pipe; 8 is secondary branch pipe; 9 is primary branch pipe; 10 is H-beam; 11 is U-shaped buckle; 12 is H-beam column; 13 is internal support fixed pipe clamp; 14 is angle steel connection; 15 is clamp; 16 is cable tie; 17 is upper soil moisture sensor; 18 is middle soil moisture sensor; 19 is lower soil moisture sensor; 20 is zone solenoid valve; 21 is main water supply pipe; 22 is functional solenoid valve; 23 is water and fertilizer integrated machine; 24 is flow meter; 25 is water pump; 26 is water tank; 27 is temperature alarm; 28 is water level measuring instrument; 29 is power management module; 30 is system control center; 31 is wireless communication module; 32 is large display screen; 33 is mobile control terminal; 34 A is an air temperature sensor; A is the characteristic surface layer; B is the typical layer; C is the characteristic deep layer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1 to 10 This invention will be described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described in this specification are merely for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Example

[0029] Reference Figure 1-10As illustrated, this embodiment proposes a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrating a photovoltaic canopy. Specifically, the system includes an integrated photovoltaic canopy (i.e., canopy unit), a multi-functional sprinkler irrigation unit, and an intelligent control unit. The canopy unit is used for the integrated construction of photovoltaics, sprinkler irrigation network, and shading. The multi-functional sprinkler irrigation unit is used to achieve intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and misting cooling. The intelligent control unit is used to control the operation of the entire system. Further, the canopy unit includes a rigid support 1 that supports the photovoltaic panel 4, the shading net 5, and the rotary sprinkler head 6. The photovoltaic panel 4 is installed above the shading net 5, and the rotary sprinkler head 6 is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the shading net 5, together forming a functionally coordinated and unified whole. The multi-functional sprinkler unit includes a rotary sprinkler head 6, a zone solenoid valve 20, a main water supply pipe 21, a functional solenoid valve 22, a water pump 25, and a water tank 26, all connected sequentially via various levels of pipes. The tank area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation zones. The zone solenoid valves 20 are respectively installed on the pipes of the small irrigation zones and connected to the main water supply pipe 21. The functional solenoid valves 22 are installed on at least one branch. The water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 is combined with the flow meter 24 and connected to the branch. The intelligent control unit includes an upper soil moisture sensor 17, a middle soil moisture sensor 18, and a lower soil moisture sensor 19 for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor 34 for collecting environmental data. All of these are connected to the system control center 30. The system control center 30 receives the collected data and issues corresponding instructions to complete intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomized cooling actions.

[0030] It should be understood that the upper soil moisture sensor 17, the middle soil moisture sensor 18, the lower soil moisture sensor 19, and the air temperature sensor 34 for collecting environmental data serve as the system's data acquisition modules, while the system control center 30 serves as the control module for the irrigation intelligent control module, the frost prevention intelligent control module, the atomization cooling intelligent control module, and the system operation safety control module. The data acquisition module collects and monitors environmental data and system operation data. The irrigation intelligent control module, the frost prevention intelligent control module, and the atomization cooling intelligent control module are used to start intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention, or atomization cooling operations, while the system operation safety control module is used to monitor the system's operating status.

[0031] Furthermore, the functional solenoid valves 22 are respectively installed on the parallel fertilization branch and irrigation branch. The fertilization branch includes a water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 and a flow meter 24 arranged in sequence. The flow meter 24 is used to detect the flow rate of the branch. The water and fertilizer integrated machine 23 can start after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0032] It should be noted that all sensors involved in this system are existing sensors, and the system control center 30 is a control component with existing and mature control programs. For example, it can be implemented using microprogrammed control chips, controllers, and CPUs. Furthermore, its data transmission and processing of sensors, control of solenoid valves, and control of various electronic components within the system are all existing technologies, which can be referred to in the implicit disclosure and will not be detailed here. It should also be understood that this solution aims at the integration and multi-functionality of the entire system. It is proposed as a holistic solution and belongs to a combined innovation, not an improvement on a specific technology. Therefore, when evaluating the completeness of this solution's disclosure, the focus should not be on the implementation of existing control technologies used in this application, which are referenced technologies in this solution, but rather on the application and results of the control methods.

[0033] This embodiment also includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm 27, a water level measuring instrument 28, a power management module 29, a wireless communication module 31, a large display screen 22, and a mobile control terminal 33, all connected to the system control center 30. The temperature alarm 27 and the water level measuring instrument 28 are used to monitor abnormal signals of the temperature of the water pump 25 and the water level of the water tank 26, respectively, and upload them to the system control center 30. The wireless communication module 31 is used to exchange signals between the system control center 30 and the mobile control terminal 33. The power management module 29 is connected to the electrical equipment and is used to receive execution protection signals from the system control center 30, enabling the faulty equipment to be forcibly shut down. The large display screen 22 is used to display the real-time monitored signals.

[0034] Furthermore, the shed unit also includes cable fixing columns 2, pressure-bearing steel cables 3, photovoltaic panels 4, H-beams 10, H-beam columns 12, and angle steel connections 14; the rigid support 1 includes columns and beams, both made of H-beams, referred to as H-beam beams 10 and H-beam columns 12 respectively. The columns and beams are used to support the primary branch pipes 9 and secondary branch pipes 8 of the sprinkler system, respectively. The connection between the columns and beams is fixed using angle steel connections 14. The cable fixing columns 2 are fixed on the rigid support 1 to fix the pressure-bearing steel cables 3. The pressure-bearing steel cables 3 support the photovoltaic panels 4 required for power generation and suspend the tertiary branch pipes 7 of the sprinkler system.

[0035] The pressure-bearing steel cable 3 supports the jet nozzle 6 and the third-level branch pipe 7 for water supply. The third-level branch pipe 7 is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 by clamps 15 or cable ties 16 and is connected to the jet nozzle 6 after drilling. The second-level branch pipe 8 is concealed along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 by U-shaped buckles 11. The first-level branch pipe 9 is arranged attached to the H-shaped steel column 12 by internal support fixing pipe clamps 13.

[0036] To better understand the integrated photovoltaic canopy multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system proposed in this embodiment, the operation of this technical solution is described in more detail here. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system includes a sprinkler network and functional facilities and equipment. The sprinkler network includes rotary sprinkler heads 6, various levels of pipes, zone solenoid valves 20, functional solenoid valves 22, water pumps 25, and water tanks 26. The functional facilities and equipment include shade nets 5, a water and fertilizer integrated machine 23, and flow meters 24. The rotary sprinkler heads 6 are located below the photovoltaic panels 4 and above the shade nets 5, used for water irrigation and foliar fertilizer application. The rotary sprinkler heads 6 are a certain distance above the shade nets 5, allowing space for mist dispersion for the sprinkler heads to spray and cool the water. The pipeline consists of a tertiary branch pipe 7, a secondary branch pipe 8, a primary branch pipe 9, and a main water supply pipe 21. The tertiary branch pipe 7 is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 by clamps 15 and cable ties 16, and is connected to the jet nozzle 6 after drilling. The secondary branch pipe is concealed along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 by U-shaped clips 11. The primary branch pipe 9 is attached to the H-shaped steel column 12 by internal support fixing pipe clamps 13. The main water supply pipe 21 can supply water to several irrigation zones simultaneously. The zone solenoid valve 20 controls a corresponding irrigation zone, and the functional solenoid valve 22 can switch between simple irrigation and liquid fertilizer application modes. The water pump 25 draws water from the pool and pumps it out at a set pressure value. The water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 measures the pipeline flow velocity through the flow meter 24, and can start fertilizer injection when the water flow velocity reaches the set value.

[0037] The system includes a control center 30, a wireless communication module 31, a mobile control terminal 33, a water pump 25, and a soil moisture sensor. Based on data monitored by the soil moisture sensor, when irrigation is deemed necessary, the irrigation system control center 30 selects a pre-set standard water pump head. With the shade net 5 retracted, the rotary sprinkler heads 6 perform intermittent sprinkler irrigation in a raindrop pattern. The intermittent sprinkler irrigation process is regulated based on data transmitted back to the system control center 30 from the upper soil moisture sensor 17 of the characteristic surface layer A, the middle soil moisture sensor 18 of the typical layer B, and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 of the characteristic deep layer C. The soil moisture status can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33 via the wireless communication module 31, and the intermittent sprinkler irrigation can be remotely controlled.

[0038] The frost prevention system includes a system control center 30, a soil moisture sensor, an air temperature sensor 34, a wireless communication module 31, a mobile control terminal 33, a shade net 5, and a water pump 25. Based on weather forecasts or air temperature sensor readings received via the wireless communication module 31, the system control center 30, upon determining a risk of frost damage in the area, selects a pre-set standard water pump head. With the shade net 5 retracted, the rotary sprinkler heads 6 spray in a rain-like pattern, using water to cool and dissipate heat, thus raising the ambient temperature of the crops. Irrigation ends when the soil moisture sensor readings indicate that the irrigation has exceeded the permissible limit. If the permissible limit has not been exceeded, irrigation will continue until the desired warming effect is achieved. After spraying, the system control center 30 instructs the shade net 5 to expand, hindering heat exchange between the crops and the sky and preventing radiative cooling factors from exacerbating crop hypothermia and frost damage. The mobile control terminal 33 can monitor temperature changes and remotely control the frost prevention spraying via the wireless communication module 31.

[0039] The atomized cooling system includes a system control center 30, an air temperature sensor 34, a wireless communication module 31, a mobile control terminal 33, a shade net 5, and a water pump 25. Based on data monitored by the air temperature sensor 34, the system control center 30 determines whether misting cooling is necessary. When the temperature in the area is too high and misting cooling is required, the system control center 30 selects a pre-set high water pump head. With the shade net 5 deployed, the rotary nozzles 6 perform intermittent near-atomized spraying to cool the irrigated area. The duration and interval of each spray cycle are preset according to the internal values ​​of the system control center 30. The temperature changes can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33 via the wireless communication module 31, and the near-atomized spraying can be remotely controlled.

[0040] The system's safe operation includes a system control center 30, a power management module 29, a wireless communication module 31, a mobile control terminal 33, a temperature alarm 27, and a water level meter 28. The power management module 29 forces the corresponding equipment to shut down when the system control center 30 receives warnings such as pump over-temperature or fertilizer injection malfunction. The wireless communication module 31 transmits warnings received by the system control center 30 to the mobile control terminal 33, enabling the system control center 30 to receive remote commands from the mobile control terminal 33. The temperature alarm 27 and water level meter 28 respectively detect pump temperature and water tank level, ensuring that the system control center 30 receives alarm information in case of abnormalities and displaying the real-time monitoring information on the large display screen 32 for real-time monitoring of the entire system's operating status and timely response. Example

[0041] Based on the integrated photovoltaic shed multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system proposed in Embodiment 1, this embodiment proposes an integrated photovoltaic shed multi-functional sprinkler irrigation method, which is implemented based on the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system, referring to... Figure 1-10 The illustration specifically includes the construction of an integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system, and also includes the following steps.

[0042] S1: System control center presets sprinkler start conditions;

[0043] S1: The data acquisition module collects environmental and soil data in real time and transmits it to the system control center 30. The system control center 30 analyzes the current data to determine whether the start-up conditions are met.

[0044] S3: Based on the different start-up conditions met, the system control center 30 sends corresponding instructions to control the system to start intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention, or spray cooling.

[0045] More specifically, initiating intermittent sprinkler irrigation involves dividing the soil under the photovoltaic panel 4 into three layers from shallow to deep: a characteristic surface layer A, a typical layer B, and a characteristic deep layer C. The soil moisture of each layer is monitored by the upper soil moisture sensor 17, the middle soil moisture sensor 18, and the lower soil moisture sensor 19, respectively. When sprinkler irrigation begins and the soil moisture in the characteristic surface layer A approaches saturation, the system control center 30 issues a command to stop sprinkler irrigation. After a period of time, when the soil moisture in the characteristic surface layer A falls below a set value, and the moisture data in the typical layer B is lower than expected, the system control center 30 issues a command to restart sprinkler irrigation. The system will repeat the above process until the data in the typical layer B shows that the crop has received sufficient irrigation.

[0046] Furthermore, the initiation of intermittent sprinkler irrigation also includes the following steps: when the soil moisture data measured in typical layer B has reached the expected level; after a certain period of time after the sprinkler irrigation ends, the system control center 30 determines whether the irrigation is excessive based on the soil moisture data of typical layer B and characteristic deep layer C; when it is determined that the irrigation is excessive, the corresponding parameters are adjusted to appropriately reduce the amount of water for the next irrigation.

[0047] Furthermore, the intermittent sprinkler irrigation system has an integrated water and fertilizer spraying function, including the following steps: the fertilization branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is connected in parallel with the irrigation pipeline; when irrigation is needed, the solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is closed, while the solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel branch is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area; when fertilization is needed, the solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is opened, while the solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel branch is closed, and the water flows through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter 24 reaches the set requirement, the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is started and fertilizer is evenly injected into the pipeline, and the water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0048] Furthermore, initiating frost prevention work includes the following steps: the system control center 30 accesses external weather forecast data through the wireless communication module 31; when the system control center 30 determines that there is a high risk of frost occurrence based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensor 34, protective irrigation is initiated.

[0049] It should be noted that before protective irrigation begins, the shade net 5 is first retracted; after irrigation, the shade net 5 is then retracted to slow down the rate of heat loss from the crops by blocking radiative heat transfer between the crops and the sky. Simultaneously, frost prevention measures include ensuring each irrigation session lasts for the preset duration; after each irrigation session, the system control center 30 uses data from the soil moisture sensor 18 to determine if the allowable irrigation limit has been exceeded. If it has, irrigation ends; if not, the system control center 30 uses data from the air temperature sensor 34 to determine if the preset temperature rise standard has been reached. If not, irrigation resumes for the preset duration; if so, irrigation ends.

[0050] Furthermore, initiating the spray cooling operation includes the following steps: when the system control center 30 determines that there is a risk of high temperature based on the collected weather data, it starts the water pump 25 to begin spraying water; the duration and interval of multiple spraying rounds are based on the preset values ​​of the system control center 30; at the same time, the system control center 30 adjusts the working head of the water pump 25 or closes the zoning solenoid valves 20 of some small irrigation areas, at which time the water droplets sprayed from the rotary nozzles 6 are small and mist-like; the system control center 30 closes the zoning solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling, and opens the zoning solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have not yet been sprayed to continue spraying water for cooling; when the detection data feedback indicates that the cooling target has been achieved, the system control center 30 ends the spraying operation.

[0051] S4: The safety module monitors the system's operating status in real time and identifies abnormal fault signals;

[0052] S5: The system control center 30 receives an abnormal fault signal and sends a corresponding protection command to the power management module 29 to cut off the faulty equipment.

[0053] To fully understand the method of this embodiment, the system on which the method proposed in this embodiment is based and the details of its implementation will be described in detail below.

[0054] More specifically, the method in this embodiment relies on an integrated shed support system. This integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system has undergone internal optimization design for the flexible photovoltaic support system to achieve reduced construction costs, improved system coordination and overall efficiency.

[0055] In the distribution space of the multi-functional sprinkler system, photovoltaic panels 4 are installed 0.5 to 1.0 meters above the shade net 5, and the rotary sprinkler heads 6 are installed in the space between the photovoltaic panels 4 and the shade net 5, forming a functionally coordinated and unified whole. The pressure-bearing steel cable 3 supports the rotary sprinkler heads 6 and the three-level branch pipes 7 for water supply, eliminating the need for investment in the construction of special fixed supports; the shade net 5 is more than 0.4 meters below the rotary sprinkler heads 6, leaving space for mist dispersion during the spray cooling process of the sprinkler heads, while avoiding direct contact between cold water and crops, which would irritate them. The shade net 5 can also be unfolded after the frost prevention spraying stage to prevent radiative heat exchange that causes net heat loss between crops and the sky. The three-level branch pipes 7 are stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 by clamps 15 or cable ties 16, and connected to the rotary sprinkler heads 6 after drilling holes; the two-level branch pipes 8 are concealed along the H-shaped steel beams 10 of the rigid support 1 by U-shaped clips 11; and the one-level branch pipes 9 are arranged against the H-shaped steel columns 12 by internal support fixing clamps 13. The entire pipeline system is both practical and aesthetically pleasing.

[0056] This embodiment provides a detailed explanation of the intermittent irrigation function, frost prevention function, and atomized cooling function. Specifically:

[0057] (1) Intermittent irrigation function

[0058] To improve the applicability of this multi-functional sprinkler system to slopes, an intermittent spraying strategy is adopted, combined with the selection and arrangement of six rotary sprinkler heads, to improve the uniformity of irrigation and water use efficiency on slopes, and to prevent soil erosion.

[0059] The selection and arrangement of the rotary jet nozzles 6 should be based on the row spacing of the photovoltaic support structure and the spacing of the photovoltaic panels 4, choosing an appropriate nozzle range. When the photovoltaic array is distributed on flat or gently sloping terrain, the nozzle range can be 0.75 to 1 times the row spacing of the photovoltaic support structure, using a rectangular arrangement. When the photovoltaic array is distributed on a steep slope greater than 25°, the nozzle range should be appropriately increased based on the above, and the rotary jet nozzles 6 in different rows should be staggered. Regardless of the terrain slope, the spacing of the rotary jet nozzles 6 in the same row should be as close as possible to the row spacing.

[0060] Based on the permissible irrigation intensity of the land, the flow rate and operating time of the rotary sprinkler head 6 are designed. This sprinkler irrigation system achieves efficient water-saving irrigation of the land through the following method. The soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel 4 is divided into three layers according to depth from shallow to deep: a characteristic surface layer A close to the soil surface, a typical layer B where crop roots are concentrated, and a characteristic deep layer C near the limit of crop root distribution depth. A soil moisture sensor 17 is installed in the characteristic surface layer A; a soil moisture sensor 18 is installed in the typical layer B; and a soil moisture sensor 19 is installed in the characteristic deep layer C. Soil moisture data measured by the upper soil moisture sensor 17, middle soil moisture sensor 18, and lower soil moisture sensor 19 are all uploaded to the system control center 30. When sprinkler irrigation begins, when the soil moisture measured by the upper soil moisture sensor 17 is close to saturation, the system control center 30 issues a command to stop sprinkler irrigation to avoid surface runoff and soil erosion. Then, when the soil moisture data uploaded by the upper soil moisture sensor 17 shows that the soil moisture in surface layer A is lower than the set value, and the moisture data uploaded by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 is lower than expected, indicating that the crop still needs irrigation, the system control center 30 issues a command to restart the sprinkler irrigation. The system will repeat the above process until the data measured by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 in typical layer B shows that the crop has received sufficient irrigation.

[0061] Because soil infiltration takes time, even after the final irrigation cycle ends and the soil moisture data measured by the soil moisture sensor 18 in typical layer B has reached the expected level, the moisture content in typical layer B may continue to rise, potentially exceeding the expected range suitable for crop growth. The system control center 30 needs to determine whether irrigation has been overdone based on the soil moisture data from the soil moisture sensor 18 in typical layer B and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 in characteristic deep layer C after a certain period following irrigation. If overdose occurs, the corresponding parameters are adjusted to appropriately reduce the amount of water used in the next irrigation cycle, ultimately achieving efficient water-saving irrigation in agriculture.

[0062] Simultaneously, this sprinkler irrigation system also features integrated water and fertilizer application. Specifically, the system control center 30 determines whether irrigation or fertilization conditions are met based on environmental data measured by the soil moisture sensor 18 and the system's preset fertilization plan. For example, if the soil moisture is below 40% or the preset fertilization time arrives, operation is required. When the start-up conditions are met, the system control center 30 starts the water pump 25 to extract water from the water tank 26 and pump it out at a predetermined water pressure. The integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is connected in parallel with a section of the main water supply pipe 21 and is controlled by functional solenoid valves 22. When irrigation is needed, the functional solenoid valve 22 controlling the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located closes, while the functional solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel path opens, allowing water to flow through and continue flowing to the irrigation area. When fertilization is needed, the functional solenoid valve 22 controlling the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located opens, while the functional solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel path closes, allowing water to flow through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter 24 reaches the set requirement, the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 starts and evenly injects fertilizer into the pipeline. The water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area. The irrigation area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas by several partition solenoid valves 20. When the water or fertilizer application in each small irrigation area is different, the partition solenoid valves 20 corresponding to each small irrigation area are opened or closed as needed under the control of the system control center 30. Water or water and fertilizer mixture flows into the first-level branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area and rises to a height close to that of the rigid support 1 under the drive of the water head, and is finally sprayed out through the third-level branch pipe 7 and the swirl nozzle 6.

[0063] During or after intermittent sprinkler irrigation, the wireless communication module 31 periodically transmits the status parameters and sensor measurement parameters of the system control center 30 to the display screen 32 and the mobile control terminal 33, and sends the instructions from the mobile control terminal 33 back to the system control center 30. The display screen 32 simultaneously displays environmental information such as soil moisture data and sprinkler irrigation data.

[0064] (2) Frost prevention function

[0065] A late spring frost is a type of frost. Every spring is a period prone to late spring frosts, often causing severe frost damage to crops and resulting in significant economic losses. Water has a high specific heat capacity, releasing a large amount of heat when it cools, and also releasing a large amount of heat when it freezes into frost. Utilizing this property, irrigation can help slow down the rate of temperature drop in the irrigated area and reduce the magnitude of the temperature decrease, thereby regulating the microclimate of the irrigated area and protecting crops and mitigating frost damage. Furthermore, the downward flow of water droplets can also wash away some of the frost that has formed on crop leaves.

[0066] The system control center 30 accesses external weather forecast data via the wireless communication module 31. When the system control center 30 determines, based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensor 34, that there is a high risk of frost, such as when the nighttime minimum temperature is below 3°C, it starts the water pump 25 for protective irrigation.

[0067] Water pump 25 draws water from water tank 26 and pumps it out at a predetermined water pressure. This closes the solenoid valve 22 on the branch line where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located, while opening the solenoid valve 22 on another parallel path, allowing water to flow through and continue towards the irrigation area. The irrigation area is divided into an equal number of smaller irrigation zones by several zone solenoid valves 20. The system control center 30 opens or closes the zone solenoid valves 20 corresponding to the smaller irrigation zones as needed. Water flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the smaller irrigation zone and, driven by the water head, rises to a height similar to the rigid support 1, finally being sprayed out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the swirl nozzle 6.

[0068] Each irrigation session lasts for the preset duration. After each irrigation session, the system control center 30 uses the soil moisture sensor 18 to determine whether the allowable irrigation limit has been exceeded. If it has, irrigation ends. If it has not, the system control center 30 then uses the air temperature sensor 34 to determine whether the preset temperature rise standard has been reached. If not, irrigation resumes for the preset duration; if so, irrigation ends.

[0069] Before protective irrigation begins, shade net 5 is first retracted to allow the warmer irrigation water to directly contact the crops, reducing heat transfer and improving heat utilization efficiency. After irrigation, shade net 5 is then retracted to block radiative heat transfer between the crops and the sky, slowing down the rate of heat loss and mitigating frost damage.

[0070] (3) Atomization cooling function

[0071] This integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system divides the irrigation area into multiple irrigation zones via zoning solenoid valves 20. When the system control center 30 determines a high-temperature risk based on data from the air temperature sensor 34, such as an air temperature exceeding 35°C, it starts the water pump 25 to begin irrigation. The water pump 25 draws water from the water tank 26 and pumps it out at a predetermined higher water pressure. This closes the solenoid valve 22 of the branch containing the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23, while opening the solenoid valve 22 of another parallel path, allowing water to flow through and continue flowing to the irrigation zone. The system control center 30 opens or closes the zoning solenoid valve 20 corresponding to the small irrigation zone as needed. Water flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation zone and rises to a height similar to that of the rigid support 1 under the influence of the water head, finally being sprayed out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary sprinkler head 6.

[0072] Under normal operating pressure, the water sprayed by the rotary sprinkler head 6 is in the form of raindrops. As the water pressure increases, the droplet size gradually decreases, forming a mist. The system control center 30 reduces the irrigation area and flow rate by adjusting the working head of the water pump 25 or closing the zoning solenoid valves 20 of some small irrigation areas, ensuring that the water pressure exceeds the normal operating pressure of the sprinkler head but remains at a reasonable level. Under this water pressure, the droplet size of the water sprayed by the rotary sprinkler head 6 is extremely small, achieving a near-atomization effect. The atomized water droplets absorb heat and vaporize rapidly, carrying away a large amount of heat and suppressing the upward trend of the irrigation area temperature. Once the spraying reaches a suitable level, the system control center 30 closes the zoning solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling, and opens the zoning solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have not yet been sprayed for cooling.

[0073] When the multi-functional sprinkler system is performing atomized cooling operations, the shade net 5 in the irrigation area should be deployed to prevent low-temperature water droplets from directly contacting the high-temperature crops and interfering with their normal physiological activities. Simultaneously, the deployed shade net 5 can block some sunlight during the day, reducing the temperature of the crop canopy. Spraying is done in multiple rounds, with the duration and interval of each round based on preset values ​​from the system control center 30. Once the cooling target is achieved according to the data detected by the air temperature sensor 34, the system control center 30 terminates the sprinkler operation.

[0074] Thanks to the aforementioned technical solution, the water supply pipelines and inverted sprinkler heads of this sprinkler irrigation system are integrated with the photovoltaic power generation support structure, eliminating the cost of building the sprinkler system support structure and significantly reducing investment in sprinkler system construction. This sprinkler system achieves automatic and intelligent switching between two spraying modes—raindrop spraying and near-atomized spraying—through a single pipeline, simplifying the structure, improving equipment utilization, and reducing construction and maintenance costs. The rotary sprinkler heads are installed on the shade net, allowing for the removal of dust accumulated over time through spraying. The water supply pipelines and sprinkler heads in the crop production area are positioned off the ground, not interfering with general agricultural operations, especially the normal operation of agricultural machinery such as harvesting and ridging.

[0075] This multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system integrates sprinkler irrigation and fertilization, frost prevention, and atomized cooling, enabling a single system to perform multiple agricultural tasks and significantly reducing the construction and maintenance costs of related agricultural facilities and equipment. When the system control center receives soil moisture information from the soil moisture sensor, it automatically determines whether irrigation or fertilization conditions have been met and sends corresponding instructions to achieve intermittent sprinkler irrigation. The intermittent sprinkler irrigation system, along with its compatible sprinkler head layout, improves the uniformity of irrigation and water use efficiency on sloping terrain, while preventing surface runoff and soil erosion.

[0076] The system control center of the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system can determine the risk of frost to crops based on weather forecast factors and temperature sensors, and can operate according to a set program to regulate the crop microclimate. When there is a risk of frost, the shade net is retracted, and the system control center activates the sprinkler function. Utilizing the cooling properties of water, which releases a large amount of heat, the system maintains the crop canopy temperature above zero degrees Celsius. Water droplets sprayed from the overhead nozzles also wash away some of the frost on the crop leaves, mitigating frost damage. After the sprinkler irrigation process, the shade net is retracted to prevent radiative heat transfer between the crops and the sky, thus maintaining the frost protection effect of the sprinkler irrigation.

[0077] The system control center of the multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system can determine whether crops are at risk of high temperatures through air temperature sensors and operate according to the set program to regulate the crop microclimate. When the air temperature is higher than the suitable growth temperature for crops, the system control center reduces the irrigation area by increasing the working head of the water pump or closing some zone solenoid valves, and increases the working pressure of the rotary sprinkler heads to enhance their atomization ability, that is, switches to near-atomization spraying mode, which, together with the deployed shade net, achieves spray cooling of the irrigated area.

[0078] As used herein, the terms “component,” “module,” “system,” etc., are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, which may be hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or running software. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, a running thread, a program, and / or a computer. As an example, an application running on a computing device and the computing device itself can both be components. One or more components may reside in a running process and / or thread, and components may be located in a single computer and / or distributed among two or more computers. Furthermore, these components are capable of execution from various computer-readable media having various data structures thereon. These components may communicate locally and / or remotely via signals, such as those containing one or more data packets (e.g., data from a component that interacts with a local system, another component in a distributed system, and / or signals that interact with other systems via a network such as the Internet).

[0079] It should also be understood that the present invention is described through embodiments, and the embodiments are only clear and complete descriptions of the technical solutions proposed in the claims of the present invention, that is, explanations of the claims. Therefore, when judging whether the technical solutions recorded in the specification of the present invention are sufficiently disclosed, the purpose and core essence of the solutions defined by the claims should be fully considered. There are necessarily other technical problems in the specification that are unrelated to the core technical problem solved by this embodiment. The corresponding technical features and technical solutions are not included in the essence of this embodiment and are non-essential technical features. Therefore, the implicit disclosure can be referred to. Those skilled in the art can fully implement them by combining existing technology and common knowledge. Therefore, there is no need to describe them in detail.

[0080] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy, characterized in that: The integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system includes the following steps: The system control center (30) presets the sprinkler irrigation start-up conditions; The data acquisition module collects environmental and soil data in real time and transmits it to the system control center (30). The system control center (30) analyzes the current data and determines whether the start-up conditions are met. According to the different start conditions met, the system control center (30) sends corresponding instructions to control the system to start intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention or spray cooling. The safety module monitors the system's operating status in real time and identifies abnormal fault signals; The system control center (30) receives the abnormal fault signal and sends a corresponding protection command to the power management module (29) to cut off the faulty equipment; The process of initiating the intermittent sprinkler irrigation includes the following steps. The soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel (4) is divided into a characteristic surface layer (A), a typical layer (B) and a characteristic deep layer (C) according to the depth from shallow to deep. The soil moisture of each layer is monitored by the upper soil moisture sensor (17), the middle soil moisture sensor (18) and the lower soil moisture sensor (19). When the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer (A) is close to saturation after the sprinkler irrigation starts, the system control center (30) issues an instruction to stop the sprinkler irrigation; After a period of time, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer (A) is lower than the set value and the moisture data of the typical layer (B) is lower than expected, the system control center (30) issues an instruction to restart the sprinkler irrigation. The system will repeat the above process until the data in the typical layer (B) shows that the crop has received sufficient irrigation; The intermittent sprinkler irrigation system also functions as an integrated water and fertilizer application system, including the following steps: The fertilization branch where the water and fertilizer integrated machine (23) is located is connected in parallel with the irrigation pipeline; When irrigation is needed, the solenoid valve (22) of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine (23) is located is closed, while the solenoid valve (22) of another parallel branch is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area; When fertilization is required, the function solenoid valve (22) of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine (23) is located is opened, while the function solenoid valve (22) of another parallel branch is closed. Water flows through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine (23) is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter (24) reaches the set requirement, the integrated water and fertilizer machine (23) is started and fertilizer is injected into the pipeline evenly. The water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area. The integrated multi-functional sprinkler irrigation system includes, The shed unit includes a rigid support (1) that supports a photovoltaic panel (4), a shade net (5), and a rotary spray nozzle (6), wherein the photovoltaic panel (4) is installed above the shade net (5), and the rotary spray nozzle (6) is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel (4) and the shade net (5), together forming a functionally coordinated and unified whole; The multi-functional sprinkler unit includes a rotary sprinkler head (6), a zone solenoid valve (20), a main water supply pipe (21), a functional solenoid valve (22), a water pump (25), and a water tank (26) connected sequentially through various levels of pipes. The tank area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation zones. The zone solenoid valves (20) are respectively installed on the pipes of the small irrigation zones and are connected to the main water supply pipe (21). The functional solenoid valves (22) are installed on at least one branch. The water and fertilizer integrated machine (23) and the flow meter (24) are combined and connected to the branch. The various levels of pipes consist of three levels. The system consists of a branch pipe (7), a secondary branch pipe (8), a primary branch pipe (9), and a main water supply pipe (21). The tertiary branch pipe (7) is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable (3) by means of clamps (15) and cable ties (16), and is connected to the jet nozzle (6) after drilling. The secondary branch pipe is concealed along the H-shaped steel beam (10) of the rigid support (1) by means of U-shaped buckles (11). The primary branch pipe (9) is attached to the H-shaped steel column (12) by means of internal support fixed pipe clamps (13). The main water supply pipe (21) can supply water to several irrigation zones at the same time. The intelligent control unit includes an upper soil moisture sensor (17), a middle soil moisture sensor (18), a lower soil moisture sensor (19) for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor (34) for collecting environmental data. All of these are connected to the system control center (30). The system control center (30) is used to receive the collected data and issue corresponding instructions to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling.

2. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Initiating the frost prevention work includes the following steps: The system control center (30) accesses external weather forecast data through the wireless communication module (31); When the system control center (30) determines that there is a high risk of frost based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensor (34), protective irrigation is initiated; The duration of each irrigation session is set according to the system's preset duration; After each irrigation session, the system control center (30) determines whether the allowable irrigation limit has been exceeded based on the data detected by the soil moisture sensor (18). If the limit is exceeded, the irrigation is terminated. If the temperature is not exceeded, the system control center (30) determines whether the preset temperature rise standard has been reached based on the data detected by the air temperature sensor (34). If not, the irrigation will resume according to the preset system duration. If so, the irrigation will end.

3. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Activating the spray cooling function includes the following steps: When the system control center (30) determines that there is a risk of high temperature based on the collected weather data, it starts the water pump (25) to begin spraying water. The duration and interval of multiple spraying rounds are both based on the preset values ​​of the system control center (30); At the same time, the system control center (30) adjusts the working head of the water pump (25) or closes the partition solenoid valve (20) of some small irrigation areas. At this time, the water droplets sprayed by the rotary nozzle (6) are small and mist-like. The system control center (30) closes the small irrigation area zoning solenoid valve (20) that has been sprayed for cooling, and opens the small irrigation area zoning solenoid valve (20) that has not yet been sprayed to continue spraying water for cooling; Once the detection data indicates that the cooling target has been achieved, the system control center (30) will end the sprinkler irrigation operation.

4. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated multi-functional sprinkler system also includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm (27), a water level measuring instrument (28), a power management module (29), a wireless communication module (31), a large display screen (32), and a mobile control terminal (33) connected to the system control center (30). The temperature alarm (27) and the water level measuring instrument (28) are used to monitor abnormal signals that detect the temperature of the water pump (25) and the water level of the pool (26) respectively, and upload them to the system control center (30). The wireless communication module (31) is used to exchange signals between the system control center (30) and the mobile control terminal (33); The power management module (29) is connected to the electrical equipment and is used to receive the execution protection signal from the system control center (30), which enables the faulty equipment to be forced to shut down. The large display screen (32) is used to display the signals monitored in real time.

5. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The functional solenoid valves (22) are respectively set on the parallel fertilization branch and irrigation branch. The fertilization branch includes a water and fertilizer integrated machine (23) and a flow meter (24) arranged in sequence. The flow meter (24) is used to detect the flow rate of the branch. The water and fertilizer integrated machine (23) can be started after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the water and fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

6. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The shed unit also includes a rigid support (1), a steel cable fixing column (2), a pressure-bearing steel cable (3), a photovoltaic panel (4), a tertiary branch pipe (7), a secondary branch pipe (8), and a primary branch pipe (9). The pressure-bearing steel cables (3) are arranged laterally at intervals with the rigid support (1), and both ends of the pressure-bearing steel cables (3) are fixed to the rigid support (1) through the steel cable fixing posts (2); The photovoltaic panel (4) is positioned above the pressure-bearing steel cable (3), the tertiary branch pipe (7) is positioned below the pressure-bearing steel cable (3), and the rotary nozzle (6) is positioned below and connected to the tertiary branch pipe (7). The secondary branch pipe (8) is connected to one side of each of the tertiary branch pipes (7), and the secondary branch pipe (8) is longitudinally arranged on the rigid support (1) along the arrangement direction of the tertiary branch pipes (7); The primary branch pipe (9) is connected to the main water supply pipe (21) via the partition solenoid valve (20). The water flows sequentially through the main water supply pipe (21), the partition solenoid valve (20), the primary branch pipe (9), the secondary branch pipe (8), and the tertiary branch pipe (7), and is then sprayed out through the rotary nozzle (6).

7. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrating photovoltaic canopy as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The scaffolding unit includes H-beams (10), U-shaped buckles (11), H-beam columns (12), internal support fixing pipe clamps (13), angle steel connections (14), clamps (15), and cable ties (16). The H-beam (10) and the H-beam column (12) are used to support the primary branch pipe (9) and the secondary branch pipe (8) of the sprinkler system, respectively, and the connection between the two is fixed by angle steel connection (14); The third-level branch pipe (7) is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable (3) by clamps (15) or cable ties (16), and is connected to the rotary nozzle (6) after drilling. The secondary branch pipe (8) is concealed along the H-shaped steel beam (10) of the rigid support (1) by means of the U-shaped buckle (11); The primary branch pipe (9) is attached to the H-shaped steel column (12) by the internal support fixed pipe clamp (13).

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