Endoscope head end and endoscope

Abstract

The invention provides an endoscope head end portion and an endoscope. The endoscope head end part comprises an inserting part, a connecting part and a connecting part, the end part seat is arranged at the front end of the insertion part; the observation window is arranged on the end part seat, is used for observing the nozzle of the detected body and is arranged on the end part seat, and an outlet of the nozzle faces the observation window, is connected with the gas-liquid channel in the insertion part and is used for spraying fluid towards the observation window; a gas-liquid channel outlet is formed in the uppermost end of the gas-liquid channel, a nozzle extending section is arranged on the side, close to the observation window, of the nozzle, and the lower wall of the nozzle extending section surrounds the gas-liquid channel outlet; the end base comprises a flow guide plane which is adjacent to the lower wall of the nozzle extending section, and a part of the structure of the flow guide plane is located in the nozzle extending section and jointly forms a flow guide face used for guiding fluid. The invention relates to an endoscope nozzle structure, and aims to provide a novel endoscope nozzle structure design and an endoscope, and the design can reduce accumulated water and improve the cleaning efficiency and the observation definition of the endoscope in the use process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to an endoscope head end and an endoscope, and specifically to an improvement on the nozzle structure of the endoscope head end. Background Art

[0002] As an important diagnostic and treatment tool, endoscopes are widely used in the fields of medical treatment and industrial inspection. In the medical field, doctors use endoscopes to observe the internal organs of the human body, so as to make accurate diagnosis and treatment, which improves the early diagnosis rate of diseases and the minimally invasive treatment.

[0003] Endoscopes in the prior art are usually equipped with water spray and air supply functions. The nozzle of the end seat is used to spray liquid or gas to the observation window to remove body fluids or other attachments on the observation window. However, these designs have some defects, especially the easy formation of water accumulation under the nozzle. The accumulated water not only affects the cleaning effect, but also may interfere with the observation quality of the endoscope, and even cause cross infection in some cases.

[0004] For example, JP2007330529A describes a design of an endoscope, in which the observation window surface has a protrusion of a specified height relative to the flat surface of the insertion part, and an inclined portion is formed on the periphery of the observation window, and the fluid from the jet nozzle collides with the inclined surface of the inclined portion, thereby achieving flushing of the observation window surface and flushing of foreign matter. However, this design causes residual liquid to accumulate under the nozzle, and the gas cannot blow away or dry the liquid remaining on the end seat or the observation window, resulting in water accumulation, which affects the cleaning effect.

[0005] The present invention aims at the water accumulation problem in the prior art and provides an improved nozzle structure. By optimizing the nozzle design, the formation of water accumulation is avoided, the cleaning efficiency is improved, and the observation clarity and operation safety of the endoscope are ensured. Summary of the invention

[0006] When liquid is ejected from the gas-liquid channel, some liquid may remain, resulting in water accumulation. This usually occurs after liquid injection and gas delivery. There may be residual liquid in the gas-liquid pipeline and the surface of the end seat that is difficult to drain or blow dry, especially when the design of the pipeline or nozzle does not fully consider liquid discharge. Water accumulation may affect the use of the endoscope, especially in terms of field of view or image clarity.

[0007] Therefore, in view of one or more problems of the defects of the endoscope in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes an endoscope head end and an endoscope, the purpose of which is to provide a new endoscope nozzle structure design and an endoscope with an improved nozzle design, which can effectively prevent water accumulation under the nozzle, reduce or prevent the formation of liquid residue and water accumulation, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency and observation clarity of the endoscope during use, and can achieve precise positioning during installation.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of the present invention is an endoscope head, comprising:

[0009] An insertion portion, used for being inserted into a subject and having a gas-liquid channel;

[0010] An end seat is arranged at the front end of the insertion portion;

[0011] An observation window, provided on the end seat, for observing the subject;

[0012] a nozzle, arranged on the end seat, with an outlet of the nozzle facing the observation window, connected to the gas-liquid channel in the insert portion, and used for spraying fluid toward the observation window;

[0013] The uppermost end of the gas-liquid channel has a gas-liquid channel outlet, which is parallel to the plane of the end seat and is used to guide the fluid from the gas-liquid channel into the nozzle area;

[0014] A nozzle extension section is provided on one side of the nozzle close to the observation window, and the lower wall of the nozzle extension section surrounds the outlet of the gas-liquid channel and connects the outlet of the gas-liquid channel with the nozzle, so as to stabilize the water flow and reduce turbulence;

[0015] The end seat includes a guide plane, which is adjacent to the lower wall of the nozzle extension section of the nozzle. Part of the structure of the guide plane is located in the nozzle extension section, together forming a guide surface for guiding the fluid, guiding the water flow to the nozzle outlet and spraying toward the observation window.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide plane includes a leading guide plane, an intermediate guide plane and a rear guide plane. The leading guide plane is fixed to the lower wall of the nozzle extension section to form a plane with the same height. The intermediate guide plane has an arc or an inclination angle, connecting the leading guide plane and the rear guide plane, and is higher than the leading guide plane. It is used to guide the fluid to flow toward the nozzle extension section. The rear guide surface is adjacent to the observation window and is used to guide the fluid to flow toward the observation window to ensure that the fluid does not affect the observation and lighting effects.

[0017] Preferably, the nozzle extension section and the end seat form an embedded concave structure, and the two form a highly consistent flow guide structure.

[0018] Preferably, the length of the nozzle extension section is 0.3 to 0.5 times the total length of the nozzle. The nozzle extension section length design can optimize the fluid flow rate and the spray range to ensure effective cleaning of the observation window.

[0019] Furthermore, a convex structure is provided on the outer edge of the observation window, and the convex structure surrounds at least 3 / 4 of the circumference of the observation window. This design can effectively prevent the fluid from overflowing when it is sprayed, has a diversion effect, ensures that the fluid is concentrated on the observation window, and improves the cleaning effect.

[0020] Preferably, the range of the angle λ of the flared portion formed by the two side walls of the nozzle is 0°≤λ≤δ, where 2ε≤δ≤3ε, and the angle ε is the angle between the common tangent line of the outer circle of the water and gas pipeline and the outer circle of the imaging component and the center line of the two. The flared portion angle design can optimize the diffusion range of the fluid injection, improve the coverage rate and cleaning effect.

[0021] Preferably, the value range of the inner cavity inclination angle ζ of the nozzle is 0°<ζ<180°-FOV, where FOV is the field of view of the endoscope.

[0022] Preferably, the inner cavity tilt angle of the nozzle is negatively correlated with the distance between the imaging component and the nozzle. The inner cavity tilt angle design can optimize the fluid injection angle and flow rate and improve the cleaning effect.

[0023] Preferably, the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle is smaller than the inlet cross-sectional area. This design can increase the injection speed of the fluid and enhance the cleaning power.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention protects an endoscope having an endoscope head end as described in any one of the above-mentioned features.

[0025] Through these technical solutions, the end of the endoscope head of the present invention can reduce or prevent the formation of liquid residue and water accumulation through the height design between the nozzle and the observation window, and the structural design of the positional relationship between the nozzle and the end seat, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency and observation clarity of the endoscope during use. That is, it is ensured that after the liquid is sprayed onto the observation window, it can quickly cover the entire surface, and effectively drain away dirt and liquid with the assistance of airflow without causing unnecessary liquid accumulation or blurring the field of vision.

[0026] In addition, the nozzle structure in the prior art lacks a positioning structure on the end seat, and manual intervention is required to determine the nozzle direction during assembly, which reduces the convenience of operation. The specific structural design of the nozzle of the present invention can play a good positioning function, improve the convenience and reliability of operation, and at the same time simplify the nozzle structure and assembly process, reduce manufacturing costs, and ensure the durability and stability of the equipment.

[0027] This improved endoscope head end is particularly suitable for medical and industrial inspection fields, providing doctors and technicians with a clearer, unobstructed observation field of view, helping to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the success rate of surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the endoscope;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural stereogram of the end seat;

[0031] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the end seat along the nozzle and observation window;

[0032] Figure 4 is a side view of the end seat;

[0033] Figure 5 is a top view of the end seat;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a top view of the end seat (excluding the nozzle cover).

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 1: operating part; 2: inserting part; 3: end seat;

[0037] 4: nozzle; 4a: nozzle extension section; 4b: nozzle body; 4c: lower wall of nozzle extension section 5: gas-liquid channel; 5a: gas-liquid channel outlet;

[0038] 6: Comes with a water outlet;

[0039] 7: guide plane; 7a: front guide plane; 7b: middle guide plane; 7c: rear guide plane;

[0040] 8: Observation window; 9: Illumination window; 10: Instrument channel; 11: Guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0042] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the endoscope according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of an endoscope according to an embodiment of the present invention, and outlines the configuration of an endoscope system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the endoscope includes an insertion portion 2 for inserting into a body cavity and an operating portion 1 for controlling the operation of the endoscope, and the insertion portion 2 is connected to the base end of the operating portion 1. The insertion portion 2 is generally composed of a flexible hose and a hard head end. The head end includes an end seat 3 located at the front end, a bending portion connected to the insertion portion 2, and a flexible flexible tube portion having flexibility.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the end seat 3 is located at the front end of the head end, forming the structural basis of the head end and supporting multiple functional components, including the nozzle 4, the attached water outlet 6, the observation window 8, the lighting window 9, the instrument channel 10, etc. The end seat 3 ensures that these components remain stable and in the correct relative position during use.

[0046] The nozzle 4 is mounted on the end seat 3, and its end is a nozzle extension section 4a, which is located on the side close to the observation window, and its opening faces the observation window 8 to ensure that the liquid or gas can be accurately sprayed to the observation window 8 to keep it clean. The observation window 8 is mounted on the end seat 3 and is used to observe the inside of the subject. The observation window 8 is made of transparent material, has good optical properties, and can provide clear images, so that the doctor can accurately observe the condition inside the subject and make a diagnosis and treatment.

[0047] The multiple components installed on the end seat 3 have different heights. The installation plane of the end seat 3 is selected as the reference plane of the overall structure of the end seat, referred to as the "plane of the end seat". The observation window 8 is arranged above the plane of the end seat to ensure that the observation window 8 can completely cover the field of view angle range under a given field of view angle. The height of the nozzle 4 is higher than the height of the observation window 8, but does not exceed the field of view angle range, thereby ensuring that the liquid sprayed from the nozzle 4 will not directly block the field of view and can effectively clean the observation window 8. The height of the observation window 8 and the top wall of the nozzle are both higher than the plane of the end seat.

[0048] The insertion part is designed to be inserted into the subject and has a gas-liquid channel 5 extending along the length of the insertion part. The gas-liquid channel 5 can transport fluid, including liquid (such as water, cleaning fluid) or gas, so as to spray and clean the endoscope during use to ensure that the observation window 8 is clear.

[0049] The uppermost end of the gas-liquid channel 5 is provided with a gas-liquid channel outlet 5a, which is the outlet end of the gas-liquid channel 5 and is parallel to the upper surface of the end seat 3. The gas-liquid channel outlet 5a is connected to the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section, and the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section surrounds the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a, and the other side is a cross-sectional plane adjacent to the end seat 3. This plane is a part of the gas-liquid channel 5, parallel to the horizontal plane, and guides the fluid from the gas-liquid channel 5 into the nozzle area by increasing the area through which the fluid flows, stabilizing the water flow and reducing turbulence.

[0050] The nozzle extension section 4a includes a nozzle extension section lower wall 4c and a top wall, which is connected to the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a and extends to the end of the nozzle 4. The front edge of the lower wall 4c is set back relative to the front edge of the top wall, that is, the vertical projection of the front edge of the lower wall is located inside the vertical projection of the front edge of the top wall. Since the length of the lower wall is shorter, the top wall extends forward relative to the lower wall, forming a forward extension portion extending along the direction of the fluid channel.

[0051] This part is adjacent to the guide plane 7 of the nozzle, and the vertical projection part of the front edge of the top wall falls on the surface of the guide plane 7. The guide plane 7 and the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section together form a fluid guide surface, which guides the fluid to the nozzle outlet and sprays it toward the observation window. In a specific embodiment, the fluid liquid used for spraying can be water, and the gas used to blow dry the observation window 8 can be air.

[0052] The fluid flows out from the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a through the gas-liquid channel 5, reaches the plane of the end seat 3, passes through the structure of the nozzle 4, flows through the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section, and sprays the fluid in a specific direction toward the observation window 8.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown in the side view of the end seat of FIG. 3 , the nozzle 4 has an inner cavity for containing fluid, which is divided into a nozzle body 4b and a nozzle extension section 4a. The nozzle body 4b is located above the gas-liquid channel 5 (or the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a), and constitutes the main fluid containing part of the nozzle 4. The nozzle extension section 4a is located on the side of the nozzle body 4b, adjacent to the nozzle body 4b, including the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section and the area above the end seat 3, and together with the top wall of the nozzle 4, it forms the fluid channel area of ​​the nozzle.

[0054] The axial length of the nozzle extension section 4a is defined as the distance between the section of the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a closest to the end of the nozzle 4 and the section of the intersection of the outermost end of the nozzle 4 and the end seat 3. The depth of the nozzle extension section 4a is the vertical distance h from the top wall of the inner cavity of the nozzle 4 to the end seat. Among them, the section at the outermost end of the nozzle 4 refers to a plane parallel to the gas-liquid channel 5 and perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid in the inner cavity of the nozzle 4. The plane passes through the point at which the end of the nozzle 4 is farthest from the central axis in the radial direction and intersects with the end seat 3. The length of the nozzle extension section 4a accounts for 0.3 to 0.5 times the total length of the nozzle 4, wherein the total length of the nozzle 4 is defined as the distance from the connection point between the nozzle (the edge point farthest from the observation window) and the end seat to the end of the nozzle 4. The size design of the nozzle extension section 4a needs to ensure smooth drainage without affecting the injection function.

[0055] The nozzle extension section 4a is located at the end of the nozzle 4, and its opening faces the observation window 8, ensuring that the water flow can be accurately sprayed toward the observation window 8 to keep the observation window 8 clean. The length and width of the nozzle extension section 4a are designed to match the structure of the adjacent end seat 3 to ensure that the nozzle 4 is firmly positioned.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the guide plane 7 is a part of the end seat 3, and is located between the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section and the observation window 8. The guide plane 7 constitutes the upper side surface of the end seat 3 and the adjacent part of the nozzle 4. The nozzle 4 is fixed to the end seat 3, and can be firmly matched with the guide plane 7 of the end seat 3 by means of snap-fitting, embedding structure or adhesive, so as to ensure that the fluid can be accurately sprayed to the observation window 8.

[0057] The lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section is on the same horizontal plane as the guide plane 7 of the end seat 3, but the nozzle extension section 4a presents an embedded concave structure, so that the nozzle 4 has a visually concave effect relative to the end seat 3. Specifically, the height of the portion of the nozzle 4 close to the observation window 8 is lower than the height of the nozzle body 4a and the plane of the end seat 3. There is a height difference between the plane of the nozzle 4 close to the observation window 8 and the plane away from the observation window 8.

[0058] This embedded concave structure helps reduce the resistance and interference of the fluid around the nozzle, and reduces the height difference between the nozzle cavity and the fluid injection channel, thereby reducing fluid retention and water accumulation. This structure improves the fixity and stability of the nozzle, reduces movement or vibration during use, and ensures injection efficiency, stability and consistency. In addition, compared with traditional nozzles, this design improves the aesthetics of the structure while ensuring performance. The design of this structure effectively reduces the protruding part of the nozzle surface, making cleaning and maintenance more convenient and reducing the difficulty of cleaning.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the present invention relates to a cleaning process of the observation window 8. After the sprayed liquid flows out from the gas-liquid channel 5 and enters the inner cavity of the nozzle 4, it passes through the guide plane 7. The cooperation between the lower wall 4c of the extended section of the nozzle 4 and the guide plane 7 forms a highly consistent guide structure, and the liquid can flow back smoothly after the water delivery is completed. The liquid is guided to the outlet of the nozzle 4 and finally rinses the observation window 8. After the liquid injection is completed, the endoscope operating part 1 is operated to deliver gas, and the gas is ejected from the gas-liquid channel 5 and sprayed to the observation window 8 through the nozzle 4, blowing away the residual liquid or accelerating the drying, and further removing the residual liquid, which significantly reduces the formation of water accumulation.

[0060] The upper surface of the guide plane 7 is designed to be flat, and part of its structure is located in the nozzle extension section 4a. The guide plane 7 cooperates with the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section of the nozzle 4 to form a guide surface to effectively guide the fluid. The structural design of the guide plane 7 ensures that the liquid can flow smoothly to the outlet of the nozzle 4, reduces the accumulation of the liquid on the surface of the end seat 3, and prevents the liquid from deflecting or staying before the outlet of the nozzle 4, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the injection effect.

[0061] Through the specially designed nozzle 4 and its fluid flow channel, the ejected gas can effectively blow away the liquid retained on the observation window 8 or the guide plane 7 of the end seat 3 to avoid the formation of water accumulation, which may affect the field of view of the observation window 8, or cause the surface of the end seat 3 to be not thoroughly flushed, thereby indirectly affecting the field of view of the observation window 8. The lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section and the leading plane 7a of the guide plane 7 form a smooth continuous height surface to reduce the obstruction during the liquid and gas injection process, thereby improving the flushing effect. The lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section and the leading plane 7a of the guide plane 7 are respectively part of the nozzle 4 and the end seat 3. This design effectively reduces the flushing dead angle caused by the connection of different components, thereby improving the overall flushing effect.

[0062] Ideally, after the liquid is sprayed onto the observation window, it can quickly cover the entire surface and effectively drain away dirt and liquid with the help of airflow without causing unnecessary liquid accumulation or blurring the field of vision. Specifically, first, the liquid evenly covers the surface of the observation window instead of concentrating in one area, causing local liquid retention. Secondly, the sprayed liquid can quickly flow away or be blown away by the airflow after completing the cleaning task, avoiding the formation of water droplets or liquid film that affects the clarity of the observation window. Thirdly, the height and relative position of the nozzle and the observation window should contribute to the effective coordination of airflow and liquid, ensuring that during the spraying process, the liquid will not be retained on the observation window, but can be carried away by the airflow or flow down naturally.

[0063] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the guide plane 7 is a segmented design, including a leading guide plane 7a, an intermediate guide plane 7b and a rear guide plane 7c. The leading guide plane 7a is in a straight line, adjacent to the lower wall 4c of the nozzle extension section and connected by a fixed structure to form a plane to ensure uniform injection of the fluid. The intermediate guide plane 7b has a preset curvature or inclination angle, which is used to smoothly connect the leading guide plane 7a and the rear guide plane 7c, and effectively guide the fluid to flow to the observation window 8. The rear guide surface 7c is adjacent to the observation window 8, and its plane height is consistent with the plane of the observation window 8 and is higher than the leading guide plane 7a. This design ensures that the fluid can directly flush the observation window 8 and cover the entire observation window area, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the observation window. The segmented design of the front, middle and rear guide surfaces 7a, 7b and 7c works together to optimize the injection direction and uniformity of the fluid.

[0064] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the middle guide surface 7b is designed to be less than 45°, which optimizes the spray path and cleaning efficiency. Specifically, the setting of the inclination angle reduces the deflection of the liquid during the spraying process, allowing it to flow smoothly along the predetermined path, thereby optimizing the uniformity of the spraying. In addition, the inclination angle of less than 45° effectively reduces the splashing phenomenon of the liquid, making the sprayed fluid more stable and reducing the risk of liquid splashing and backflow.

[0065] The tilted design ensures the comprehensiveness of the cleaning process and avoids the formation of water accumulation and residue by guiding the sprayed liquid to evenly cover the surface of the observation window 8. The liquid can smoothly flow out of the observation window area and flow back to the gas-liquid channel 5 or leave the observation window plane, ensuring efficient cleaning effect and clear vision.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the inner wall of the gas-liquid channel 5 and the nozzle 4 is made of a low friction coefficient, hydrophobic material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or smooth stainless steel, to ensure that the inner wall surface is smooth. With a pipe or nozzle material with strong hydrophilicity, the liquid is more likely to adhere to the surface and form residues. The inner wall of the gas-liquid channel 5 and the nozzle 4 is processed by fine machining or polishing to make its surface free of any roughness or protrusions, ensuring that the water flow is not hindered when passing through the outlet of the gas-liquid channel. If the surface of the pipe or nozzle is relatively rough, the liquid is also more likely to be retained in small grooves or uneven areas on the surface. The smooth inner wall can significantly reduce the flow resistance of the water flow in the gas-liquid channel 5, thereby increasing the flow rate and flow of the water flow, and reducing the liquid from adhering to the surface to form residues. By optimizing the smoothness of the inner wall, the energy loss of the water flow in the channel is reduced, ensuring that more water flow can effectively reach the outlet of the nozzle 4, and improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0067] In other embodiments, the inner wall of the gas-liquid channel 5 and the nozzle 4 may be coated with a super hydrophobic coating to further reduce the adhesion and resistance of the water flow, and the coating material may be silicone resin or fluorocarbon polymer. The coating is evenly coated on the inner wall surface by spraying or dipping, and is firmly bonded to the inner wall by high temperature curing or ultraviolet curing.

[0068] The end seat 3 is usually made of durable, chemically resistant materials to adapt to various cleaning and disinfection conditions. The observation window 8 is used to allow the doctor to observe the situation in the body cavity, and it is made of high-transparency material to ensure a clear visual field under the microscope.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 As shown in the cross-sectional view of the end seat 3 and the nozzle 4, the nozzle 4 is used to spray liquid or gas toward the observation window 8, and is designed with a specific expansion angle λ and an inner cavity inclination angle ζ. The cleaning liquid or gas can directly and evenly cover the observation window 8, evenly and thoroughly remove body fluids, blood or other dirt attached to the observation window 8, and keep the field of vision clear.

[0070] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment, the two side walls of the nozzle 4 at the end of the endoscope head are expanded outwards to form an angle λ of the expanded part. When the diameter of the objective lens is larger than the diameter of the nozzle 4 pipeline, the range of the angle λ of the expanded part is 0°≤λ≤δ; when the diameter of the objective lens is smaller than the diameter of the nozzle 4 pipeline, the range of the angle λ of the expanded part is -δ≤λ≤0°. The positive value of δ depends on the angle ε between the tangent line of the outer circle of the water and gas pipeline and the outer circle of the imaging component and the center line of the two. The value of δ is determined according to the angle ε, specifically 2ε≤δ≤3ε.

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, the two side walls of the nozzle 4 at the end of the endoscope lens are expanded outward to form an angle λ of the expanded portion. The angle ε is the angle between the common tangent line of the outer circle of the water and gas pipeline and the outer circle of the imaging component and the center line of the two, and its value is calculated through geometric relationship. For example, when the outer circle diameter D1 of the water and gas pipeline is 5mm, the outer circle diameter D2 of the imaging component is 10mm, and the distance d from the center of the water and gas pipeline to the center of the imaging component is 8mm, the angle ε = arctan ((D2 / 2-D1 / 2) / L) 2 Calculated as 18.2°, where L = (d 2 -(r2-r1) 2 ) 1 / 2 .

[0072] When the diameter of the objective lens is larger than the diameter of the nozzle 4 pipeline, the range of the angle λ of the expansion portion is 0°≤λ≤δ, where the range of δ is 2ε≤δ≤3ε. Specifically, if the angle ε is 18.2°, the range of δ is 36.4° to 54.6°, and the angle λ of the expansion portion can be selected as 45°. Specifically, if the angle ε is 20°, the range of δ is 40° to 60°, and the angle λ of the expansion portion can be selected as 30°. At this time, the shape of the nozzle 4 is trumpet-shaped, with trumpet-shaped side walls gradually expanding outward on both sides, and the angle λ is the expansion angle, which refers to the angle from the center line of the nozzle to the side wall of the nozzle. The trumpet-shaped nozzle is particularly suitable for situations where large-area cleaning and uniform liquid injection are required, reducing the local residue caused by concentrated liquid injection and improving the cleaning effect. It helps to evenly distribute the liquid in the target area, reduce the accumulation and residue of the liquid at the nozzle, thereby reducing the direct impact on the surface of the observation window.

[0073] When the diameter of the objective lens is smaller than the diameter of the nozzle 4 pipeline, the range of the angle λ of the expansion part is -δ≤λ≤0°, and the angle is no longer an expansion structure, but a contraction structure. Specifically, if the angle ε is 18.2°, the range of δ is 36.4° to 54.6°, and the expansion part angle λ can be selected as -30°. Specifically, if the angle ε is 10°, the range of δ is 20° to 30°, and the expansion part angle λ can be selected as -15°. At this time, the shape of the nozzle 4 presents an inward-adducting structure, and its two sides gradually contract from the nozzle body to the nozzle extension section to form an inverted cone or funnel shape. The angle definition mainly involves the inward-adducting angle, that is, the degree of contraction of the nozzle, which refers to the angle from the center line of the nozzle to the side wall. The inward-adducting nozzle is suitable for the endoscope cleaning process where the injection position and range need to be precisely controlled, and is particularly suitable for small areas or places that are difficult to clean. The design of the inward-retracted nozzle makes the sprayed liquid flow rate higher and more concentrated, reducing the interference of the liquid on the surrounding area and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the operation.

[0074] By adjusting the flared angle λ in this way, the size of the nozzle caliber is adjusted, which determines the flow rate of the liquid and the coverage of the spray. A larger caliber can increase the flow rate and is suitable for a larger observation window, but a stronger airflow is also required to blow away the residual liquid. It can ensure that the sprayed fluid effectively covers the observation window 8 area or achieves a concentrated spraying effect, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency and imaging quality.

[0075] Specifically, the outer circle of the gas-liquid channel refers to the outer surface of the pipe used to transport liquid or gas in the endoscope, and the outer circle of the imaging component refers to the outer surface of the lens or sensor responsible for imaging in the endoscope. When the center lines of the gas-liquid channel and the imaging component coincide or nearly coincide, the angle ε is small, which may result in a wider coverage of the injected fluid but a lower concentration.

[0076] By adjusting the expanded angle λ of the nozzle 4 and related parameters ε and δ, a concentrated spraying effect can be achieved, so that the sprayed fluid can cover a specific area of ​​the observation window 8 more accurately, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0077] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the distance L is defined as the vertical distance from the farthest end of the observation window 8 (i.e., the end away from the nozzle) along the longitudinal axis of the end of the endoscope lens to the central axis of the gas-liquid channel 5 (or the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a), that is, the vertical distance from the farthest end of the observation window 8 to the central axis of the gas-liquid channel 5 (or the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a), which can be simply understood as the vertical distance between the nozzle and the observation window. The distance L' is defined as the vertical distance from the farthest end surface of the observation window 8 to the intersection of the central axis of the gas-liquid channel 5 (or the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a) and the inner cavity of the top wall of the nozzle, and the vertical distance from the front end surface of the observation window 8 to the intersection of the central axis of the gas-liquid channel (or the gas-liquid channel outlet) and the inner cavity of the top wall of the nozzle, which can be simply understood as the distance between the gas-liquid channel and the observation window. Through these two distances, the inner cavity inclination angle ζ can be calculated. The calculation of the inner cavity inclination angle ζ is based on the following formula: cos(ζ)=L / L', ζ=arccos(L / L'). The angle of the nozzle spraying liquid should be slightly downward, that is, the inner cavity tilt angle ζ is an acute angle, so that the liquid can flow away naturally or be carried away by the airflow after covering the surface of the observation window. The reasonable design of the distance between the nozzle and the observation window allows the liquid to have enough time and space to be evenly distributed on the observation window during the spraying process, while the distance is not too far to avoid excessive diffusion of the liquid during spraying, which affects the cleaning effect.

[0078] The value range of the lumen tilt angle ζ is affected by the value of the field of view angle of the imaging component, and is adjusted specifically according to the imaging technical index requirements of the endoscope. For example, when the distance L from the observation window 8 to the central axis of the gas-liquid channel of the nozzle 4 is 6 mm, and the distance L' from the observation window 8 to the top wall of the nozzle 4 is 7 mm, the lumen tilt angle ζ is approximately 30.68 degrees. The design of the lumen tilt angle ζ ensures that the fluid can be directed toward the observation window 8 and the illumination window 9 during the injection process, ensuring that these areas are effectively cleaned. The value range of the lumen tilt angle ζ is determined by the field of view angle FOV of the imaging component, that is, 0°<ζ<180°-FOV, where 0°<FOV<180°.

[0079] In addition, the inner cavity tilt angle ζ is negatively correlated with the distance L between the imaging component and the nozzle 4, specifically the distance from the farthest end of the observation window 8 to the center axis of the circle where the gas-liquid channel outlet 5a is located. When the inner cavity tilt angle ζ increases, the distance L between the imaging component and the nozzle 4 decreases, and vice versa.

[0080] Furthermore, the inner cavity inclination angle ζ and the flared portion angle λ have a synergistic relationship. Specifically, when the inner cavity inclination angle ζ is large, the initial direction of the jet fluid tends to be downward, and a smaller flared portion angle λ should be selected at this time to ensure that the jet fluid is concentrated in the observation window 8 area. When the inner cavity inclination angle ζ is small, the initial direction of the jet fluid tends to be horizontal, and a larger flared portion angle λ should be selected at this time to ensure that the jet fluid covers the entire observation window 8 area.

[0081] The combined design of the inner cavity inclination angle ζ and the flared portion angle λ can ensure, through precise calculation and experimental verification, that the direction, coverage and concentration of the injected fluid meet actual use requirements, thereby improving the cleaning effect and observation performance of the endoscope.

[0082] The nozzle 4 of this embodiment is designed to include an inlet and an outlet to ensure effective injection of the fluid. The inlet of the nozzle 4 is located at the end of the gas-liquid channel 5, connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle 4, and is designed to have a larger cross-sectional area, defined as β. The outlet of the nozzle 4 is located in front of the observation window 8, and is designed to have a smaller cross-sectional area, defined as α.

[0083] The inlet cross-sectional area β of the nozzle 4 is greater than the outlet cross-sectional area α, ensuring that the pressure of the fluid increases when passing through the nozzle 4. Through this design, the fluid can be ejected at a higher speed and pressure, improving the cleaning effect. The increased pressure can increase the injection speed of the fluid, so that it covers the observation window 8 more concentratedly, ensuring the effectiveness of cleaning.

[0084] The smaller outlet cross-sectional area α ensures that the injected fluid is more concentrated, preventing the fluid from spreading too quickly and affecting the cleaning effect. The concentrated injection can cover a specific area of ​​the observation window 8, improving the cleaning effect and the clarity of the observation window 8. Through this design, the nozzle 4 can provide an efficient cleaning function during use, ensuring that the observation window 8 always remains clear.

[0085] In this embodiment, the inlet cross-sectional area β and the outlet cross-sectional area α of the nozzle 4 are optimized according to the design requirements and fluid dynamic characteristics, so that the fluid is concentrated and effectively covers the observation window. The inlet cross-sectional area β is calculated by the diameter of the inlet of the nozzle 4 to ensure that the fluid can smoothly enter the nozzle 4. The outlet cross-sectional area α is calculated by the length and width of the outlet of the nozzle 4 to ensure that the pressure of the fluid increases when passing through the nozzle 4, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0086] Usually, the outlet cross-sectional area α is smaller than the inlet cross-sectional area β to ensure that the fluid pressure increases during the injection process. The specific proportional relationship can be optimized according to experimental data and design requirements. In this embodiment, the outlet cross-sectional area α is preferably about 60%-80% of the inlet cross-sectional area β.

[0087] In a specific embodiment, a reduced diameter section may be provided at the outlet end of the gas-liquid channel 5 of the endoscope, i.e., at the position connected to the nozzle 4, and the diameter of the reduced diameter section gradually decreases to form an acceleration channel for the fluid to pass through. The reduced diameter section is located between the inlet end of the gas-liquid channel 5 and the outlet 5a of the gas-liquid channel, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas-liquid channel 5 at the reduced diameter section is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end and the outlet 5a of the gas-liquid channel.

[0088] In other embodiments, the reduced diameter section can also be set in the middle section of the gas-liquid channel, that is, the internal area close to the insertion part of the endoscope; or set at a position close to the nozzle of the gas-liquid channel. The specific design and position selection of the reduced diameter section can be adjusted and optimized according to the actual use and the functional requirements of the endoscope to achieve the best gas-liquid injection effect and channel performance. It should be noted that the design of the reduced diameter section in the present invention is not limited to a specific position or size, but is flexibly configured according to different application scenarios.

[0089] The design of the reduced diameter section can increase the flow rate of the fluid and reduce the low-speed area in the pipeline, prevent the formation of water accumulation, and optimize the fluid injection angle, so as to effectively clean the observation window and lighting window at the end of the endoscope head. The high-kinetic energy fluid can effectively flush the moisture and impurities on the pipe wall, ensure that the fluid flows evenly throughout the pipeline, and reduce the possibility of water accumulation. In addition, the inner surface of the reduced diameter section can be polished to reduce the friction resistance when the fluid flows.

[0090] The above design ensures that the fluid remains stable and efficient during the spraying process. The reduced diameter section and the inclination angle ζ of the inner cavity of the nozzle 4 work together to enable the fluid to be sprayed onto the observation window 8 at an appropriate speed and angle, achieving an effective cleaning effect.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the design of the nozzle 4 includes an inlet width W1 and an outlet width W2. The inlet width W1 is defined as the initial cross-sectional width of the fluid entering the nozzle 4, which directly affects the initial flow rate and velocity of the fluid. The outlet width W2 is defined as the final cross-sectional width of the fluid before it is ejected to the observation window 8, which plays a key role in the coverage and flow rate of the ejected fluid. Generally, the inlet width W1 is smaller than the outlet width W2, thereby forming a conical geometric structure (or fan-shaped structure) that gradually expands from the inlet to the outlet.

[0092] The conical structure helps to optimize the flow path of the fluid. Through the narrow inlet width W1, the nozzle 4 can effectively control the entry of the fluid and ensure the stable flow of the fluid inside the nozzle 4. The wider outlet width W2 improves the discharge efficiency of the fluid, so that the nozzle 4 can evenly distribute the fluid to the predetermined area. In addition, this geometric design reduces the flow resistance and improves the overall performance of the nozzle 4, thereby achieving precise fluid injection and effective coverage.

[0093] Furthermore, the nozzle 4 can be produced in an integrated manner with the end seat 3 through integrated manufacturing technology. Although this method may increase production costs, it significantly improves the overall performance and reliability of the nozzle 4. Integrated manufacturing technology can effectively reduce the joints between the nozzle and the end seat, eliminate potential leakage points, and thus enhance the sealing performance and structural stability. In addition, integrated manufacturing reduces assembly processes, reduces assembly errors that may occur during the production process, and ensures the accuracy and consistency of the nozzle.

[0094] As an alternative, conventional manufacturing processes can improve the performance of the nozzle 4 by optimizing the design and material selection. In this process, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis can be used to simulate and optimize the nozzle geometry and fluid path to improve the efficiency and uniformity of fluid injection. The use of high-performance materials, such as wear-resistant alloys or corrosion-resistant stainless steel, can improve the durability and reliability of the nozzle. At the same time, the application of advanced surface treatment technologies, such as coating or hardening, can enhance the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the nozzle.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, the end of the endoscope head of this embodiment includes an observation window mounting groove (also called a guide groove 11), which is provided on the end seat 3 and is in the shape of an annular groove, and is used to accurately position and stably support the observation window 8. The depth of the mounting groove matches the thickness of the observation window 8 to ensure that the observation window 8 can be firmly embedded therein and is flush with the surface of the end seat 3. In order to prevent damage to the observation window 8 or the end seat 3 during installation and removal, the edge of the mounting groove is designed to be a smooth structure.

[0096] The geometric shape of the guide groove 11 can be adjusted according to the specific shape of the observation window 8, such as a groove of annular or other shapes. The guide groove 11 is not only used to position the observation window 8, but also provides an effective seal by precisely matching the edge of the observation window 8 to prevent fluid from penetrating into the interior of the endoscope, thereby protecting the internal electronic components and optical components.

[0097] In addition, the design of the guide groove 11 simplifies the installation process of the observation window 8, improves the assembly efficiency, and ensures the stability and reliability of the endoscope during use.

[0098] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the end of the endoscope head of the present embodiment is provided with an annular flange around the observation window 8. The annular flange extends around the circumference of the observation window 8, covering at least 3 / 4 of the circumference. In other embodiments, the coverage of the annular flange can be extended to completely surround the circumference of the observation window 8. The shape of the annular flange can be adjusted according to the specific shape of the observation window 8. The design of the annular flange is intended to effectively guide the liquid away from the observation window 8, thereby reducing the risk of liquid retention. In addition, the plane where the observation window 8 is located is slightly higher than the plane of the end seat 3, and the height of the annular flange is also slightly higher than the plane of the observation window 8, providing better fixing and sealing effects. This design can prevent the liquid from flowing back onto the observation window 8, avoid the formation of water accumulation or liquid retention, and thus maintain the clarity of the field of vision.

[0099] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown in the side view of the end seat 3, the nozzle 4 is connected to the bend or corner of the lower gas-liquid channel in an arc shape. Specifically, the inner cavity of the nozzle 4 away from the observation window 8 is connected to the bend of the gas-liquid channel 5 in an arc shape. Specifically, through experimental verification, compared with the conventional design, the arc connection can reduce its local resistance coefficient by about 0.3, so that the gas and liquid can avoid excessive energy loss at the bend. Low flow rate areas are easily formed at the bends or corners of the pipeline, and the liquid may be retained in these locations and difficult to be completely discharged. Through the arc-shaped closing connection, the cross-sectional area is reduced, thereby increasing the subsequent flow rate of the fluid, so that it has a better flushing effect.

[0100] Preferably, the two sides of the nozzle 4 can adopt a symmetrical rounded corner design, or an asymmetrical arc connection design. The specific design scheme can be formulated according to the actual design requirements, and the parameters such as the radius of the corner can be adjusted to adapt to different fluid characteristics and injection requirements, so as to achieve a wider range of application scenarios. In addition to the rounded corner transition, the corner design of the nozzle 4 can also adopt other forms, such as bevel transition or multi-stage rounded corner transition. The specific selection should be based on fluid dynamics analysis and actual test results to further smooth the path of the fluid and reduce resistance.

[0101] Furthermore, the height of the upper side of the outlet of the nozzle 4 is set to be no greater than the lower boundary of the field of view angle range from the upper edge of the endoscope observation window 8, so as to ensure that the nozzle 4 structure does not enter the field of view angle range of the endoscope, and avoid affecting the observation screen of the endoscope. Specifically, the height of the upper side of the outlet of the nozzle 4 should not be higher than the lower boundary of the field of view angle, so as to prevent the nozzle 4 structure from interfering with the field of view during the observation process.

[0102] In addition, the nozzle 4 structure design in the prior art has no positioning structure on the end seat 3, which is inconvenient for the operator to assemble, and manual intervention is required to determine the correct direction of the nozzle 4, which reduces the convenience of operation. Through the novel endoscope nozzle 4 structure design of the present invention, the nozzle extension section 4a is combined with the structure of the guide plane 7 of the end seat 3, which not only optimizes the fluid injection characteristics, but also provides a precise positioning effect. This structural coordination ensures the stability and accuracy of the nozzle 4 on the end seat 3, prevents the movement or rotation of the nozzle 4, thereby ensuring that the injected fluid can directly act on the observation window 8, improving the cleaning efficiency and observation clarity. In addition, the endoscope nozzle 4 with this good positioning structure improves the operating convenience and reliability of the endoscope, reduces the manufacturing cost by simplifying the nozzle 4 structure and assembly process, and ensures the durability and stability of the equipment.

[0103] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0104] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0105] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature. In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, "forward and backward" is equivalent to "advance and retreat".

[0106] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents, or make different combinations of the above technical features. However, these modifications, replacements and combinations do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An end portion of an endoscope head, characterized in that: include: An insertion portion, used for being inserted into a subject and having a gas-liquid channel; An end seat, arranged at the front end of the insertion portion; An observation window, disposed on the end seat, for observing the subject; a nozzle, arranged on the end seat, the outlet of the nozzle facing the observation window, connected to the gas-liquid channel in the insertion part, and used for spraying fluid toward the observation window; The uppermost end of the gas-liquid channel has a gas-liquid channel outlet, the gas-liquid channel outlet is parallel to the plane of the end seat, and is used to guide the fluid from the gas-liquid channel into the nozzle area; A nozzle extension section is provided on one side of the nozzle close to the observation window, and a lower wall of the nozzle extension section surrounds the outlet of the gas-liquid channel and connects the outlet of the gas-liquid channel and the nozzle; The end seat comprises a flow guide plane, which is adjacent to the lower wall of the nozzle extension section of the nozzle, and a partial structure of the flow guide plane is located in the nozzle extension section, together forming a flow guide surface for guiding the fluid.

2. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plane includes a front guide plane, an intermediate guide plane and a rear guide plane. The front guide plane is fixed to the lower wall of the nozzle extension section to form a plane with the same height. The intermediate guide plane has an arc or an inclination angle, connects the front guide plane and the rear guide plane, and is higher than the front guide plane. The rear guide plane is adjacent to the observation window and is used to guide the fluid to flow toward the observation window.

3. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle extension section and the end seat form an embedded concave structure.

4. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the nozzle extension section is 0.3 to 0.5 times the total length of the nozzle.

5. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periphery of the observation window is provided with an annular protrusion, which extends around the circumference of the observation window 8 and covers at least 3 / 4 of the circumference.

6. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value range of the expansion angle λ formed by the two side walls of the nozzle is 0°≤λ≤δ, wherein 2ε≤δ≤3ε, and the angle ε is the angle between the common tangent line of the outer circle of the water and gas pipeline and the outer circle of the imaging component and the center line of the two.

7. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value range of the inner cavity inclination angle ζ of the nozzle is 0°<ζ<180°-FOV, where FOV is the field of view of the endoscope.

8. The endoscope head portion according to claim 1, wherein: The inner cavity inclination angle ζ of the nozzle is negatively correlated with the distance between the imaging component and the nozzle. 9 . The endoscope head tip according to claim 1 , wherein an outlet cross-sectional area α of the nozzle is smaller than an inlet cross-sectional area β.

10. An endoscope, characterized in that: The endoscope head end is provided with the endoscope head end as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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