Method for neutralizing carbon in industrial flue gas and synergistically desulfurizing and denitrifying by using microorganisms

Abstract

The invention provides a method for carbon neutralization and synergistic desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas by using microorganisms, which comprises the following steps: carrying out constant-temperature humidifying treatment and biological filtration treatment on the industrial flue gas, and then discharging after reaching the standard, according to the biological filtration treatment, the flue gas subjected to constant-temperature humidification treatment sequentially passes through a plurality of biological filler layers from bottom to top, water leaking from the lower portions of the biological filler layers is sprayed to the biological filler layers, and in the biological filler layer located on the lower side, the water in the biological filler layer is drained; at least one biological filler layer is simultaneously inoculated with a mixed flora of thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate reducing bacteria and thiobacillus ferrooxidans; sulfate reducing bacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans are inoculated in the upper biological filler layer. The high tower with multiple layers of flue gas treatment chambers is adopted for flue gas treatment, the occupied area is small, the pipeline erection cost is saved, meanwhile, multiple biological filtration mechanisms inoculated with specific microorganisms are arranged in the biological filtration tower for flue gas filtration, and carbon emission reduction is achieved while desulfurization and denitrification are conducted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular to a method for utilizing microorganisms to neutralize carbon in industrial flue gas and coordinately remove sulfur and denitrify it. Background Art

[0003] At present, the more mature method is biological treatment, which is to set up multiple biological filter towers in series and parallel, set up multiple layers of biological fillers in the biological filter tower, and use photosynthesis of photosynthetic bacteria to absorb carbon dioxide in flue gas. However, in actual use, it is found that this method has the following disadvantages:

[0004] (1) It occupies a large area. In order to ensure that the treated flue gas meets the standards, multiple biological filtration towers connected in series and parallel are often installed, which increases the occupied area.

[0005] (2) High failure rate: Since photosynthesis of photosynthetic bacteria requires light, a large number of lamps are installed in the tower. However, water is constantly sprayed in the tower. Under the action of water and wind, the lamps are prone to short circuit, resulting in a high failure rate and troublesome maintenance.

[0006] (3) The processing capacity is relatively simple and can only remove carbon dioxide from flue gas, but cannot effectively remove sulfur and nitrate from flue gas. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for carbon neutralization of industrial flue gas and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification using microorganisms, through which sulfur, nitrate and carbon in flue gas can be efficiently removed.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for carbon neutralization of industrial flue gas and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification by using microorganisms, the steps of which include: subjecting the industrial flue gas to constant temperature humidification treatment and biological filtration treatment before discharging it in compliance with the standards; the biological filtration treatment is to pass the flue gas subjected to constant temperature humidification treatment through a plurality of biological filler layers from bottom to top in sequence, and spray each biological filler layer with water leaking from below each biological filler layer, wherein at least one biological filler layer in the biological filler layer located on the lower side is inoculated with a mixed bacterial community of three bacteria, namely, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans; at least one biological filler layer in the biological filler layer located on the upper side is inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria, and at least one biological filler layer is inoculated with Thiobacillus denitrifying.

[0010] Furthermore, the constant temperature humidification treatment and biological filtration treatment are carried out by means of a flue gas treatment device; the flue gas treatment device comprises a tower system, an induced draft system and a water self-circulation system; the tower system comprises at least one humidification tower for cooling and humidifying flue gas and at least one biological filtration tower; the biological filtration tower comprises a tower body and at least three chambers arranged from top to bottom in the tower body, and two adjacent chambers are separated by a partition plate, and a connecting pipe penetrating the upper and lower chambers is provided on the top of the partition plate, and a liquid accumulation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the connecting pipe and the inner wall of the chamber and the upper surface of the partition plate; a liquid collecting chamber is arranged in each chamber. The invention is provided with a reciprocating drive mechanism and at least one biological filtering mechanism, and a spray pipe capable of spraying water downward is provided above each biological filtering mechanism; the biological filtering mechanism comprises a filter box, a support plate, a movable rod and a processor; the filter box is fixed on the upper side of the interior of the chamber, a plurality of exhaust holes are provided on the top plate of the filter box, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the bottom plate of the filter box, a hollow partition is installed horizontally in the filter box to divide the interior of the filter box into an upper and lower cavity, and a biological filler layer is filled in the lower cavity of the filter box; the support plate is a hollow mesh plate movably arranged under the filter box, which can move up and down. The movable rod is movable and has an upper limit of the upward position and a lower limit of the downward position; the movable rod vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the filter box and can move up and down, the lower end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the support plate and can drive the support plate to move back and forth between its upper limit and lower limit, and the movable rods of two adjacent biological filtration mechanisms are connected to each other; the processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor is multiple and is respectively installed one-to-one in a part of the mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box; the second processor is multiple and is respectively installed one-to-one in the remaining mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box; the first processor and The second processor is used for alternately opening and closing the smoke channel for smoke to enter the lower cavity of the filter box and for alternately opening and closing the water channel for water to flow out of the lower cavity of the filter box. The water channel and the smoke channel of the same processor are alternately opened and closed; the reciprocating drive mechanism is installed on the tower body and is linked with the movable rod of the biological filtration mechanism at the top of each chamber to drive the movable rod to move up and down; the induced draft system is used for introducing smoke into the humidification tower and the biological filtration tower from the bottom, and then leading the smoke out of the humidification tower and the biological filtration tower from the top; the water self-circulation system is used for circulated pumping of water in the humidification tower and the biological filtration tower.

[0011] Furthermore, the tower body is provided with three chambers from top to bottom, each chamber is provided with three biological filtration mechanisms from bottom to top, each biological filler layer in the lower chamber is inoculated with a mixed bacterial community of three bacteria, namely, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, each biological filler layer in the middle chamber is inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria, and each biological filler layer in the upper chamber is inoculated with Thiobacillus denitrificans.

[0012] Furthermore, the first processor and the second processor both include a cylinder, an annular groove and a sealing mechanism; the cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole of the bottom plate of the filter box and has openings at both ends, the upper end of the cylinder extends into the filter box cavity below the hollow partition, and the lower end of the cylinder extends above the support plate, and a plurality of water inlets connected to the lower cavity of the filter box are provided on the side wall of the upper end of the cylinder, and a plurality of drain outlets are provided on the side wall of the lower end of the cylinder; the annular groove is sleeved on the lower part of the outer side of the cylinder and connected to the drain outlet; the sealing mechanism includes an upper sealing ring, a lower sealing ring, a spiral plate, a center rod and a plug; the upper sealing ring is slidably sleeved on the upper side of the interior of the cylinder to seal the water inlet; the lower sealing ring is slidably sleeved on the lower side of the interior of the cylinder to seal the drain outlet; the lower end of the center rod is fixed on the support plate, and its upper end extends upward into the cylinder and then sleeved on the upper The upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring are connected by multiple thin rods respectively; the spiral plate is slidably arranged in the cylinder and is located between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, and the inner side of the spiral plate is fixed on the center rod and spirals up in the cylinder along the center rod; the plug is fixed on the center rod and can seal the bottom opening of the inner cylinder with the movement of the center rod; the liquid level in the lower cavity of the filter box is between the upper side of the water inlet and the upper surface of the inner cylinder; when the plug completely blocks the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring will completely open the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring will completely open the drain outlet; when the plug completely opens the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring will close the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring will close the drain outlet; the sealing mechanisms of the first processor and the second processor are staggered up and down and open the flue gas channel alternately through their respective sealing mechanisms driven by the support plate.

[0013] Furthermore, when the support plate moves down to its lower limit position, the action of the sealing mechanism in the first processor is: the plug moves down to open the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring moves down to seal the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring moves down to seal the drain outlet; at the same time, the action of the sealing mechanism in the second processor is: the plug moves down to seal the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring moves down to open the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring moves down to open the drain outlet; when the support plate moves up to its upper limit position, the action of the sealing mechanism in the first processor is: the plug moves up to seal the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring moves up to open the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring moves up to open the drain outlet; at the same time, the action of the sealing mechanism in the second processor is: the plug moves up to open the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring moves up to seal the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring moves up to block the drain outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the annular groove is evenly provided with a plurality of inclined guide plates to increase the film laying surface and increase the amount of biofilm. After the water overflows from the top of the annular groove and flows through the guide plates, the microorganisms thereon hang on the guide plates to gradually form a biofilm.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper surface of the spiral plate is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions intersecting the spiral direction, so as to facilitate the biofilm to hang on the upper surface of the spiral plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the reciprocating drive mechanism plate includes a crankshaft, a pull rod, a connecting arm and a reduction motor; the crankshaft is installed laterally and axially rotatably inside the tower body, and its middle part is U-shaped; the lower end of the pull rod is fixed to the upper end of the movable rod of the uppermost biological filtration mechanism; the lower end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the upper end of the pull rod through a pin shaft parallel to the crankshaft, and the upper end of the connecting arm is rotatably sleeved on the lateral section of the U-shaped section of the crankshaft; the reduction motor is installed outside the tower body and its output end is transmission-connected to the crankshaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the induced draft system includes an air duct 1 for introducing flue gas into the lower part of the humidification tower, a fan for providing power for the flue gas circulation, an air duct 2 for introducing the flue gas above the humidification tower into the fan inlet, an air duct 3 for introducing the flue gas from the fan outlet into the lower part of the biological filter tower, and a duct 4 for leading the flue gas above the last biological filter tower to the chimney.

[0018] Furthermore, the water self-circulation system includes a first water self-circulation device connected to the interior of the humidification tower and a plurality of second water self-circulation devices connected one-to-one with each chamber in the tower body of the biological filtration tower; the first water self-circulation device and the second water self-circulation device both include a water tank, a water pump and a diversion pipe.

[0019] For the first water self-circulation device, its water tank is connected to the bottom of the inner side of the humidification tower, and its water pump is used to pump the water in its water tank to the diversion pipe, and its diversion pipe is connected to the spray pipe in the tower body; the water from the external water source and the water in the water tank continuously sprays the flue gas entering the humidification tower, and then the water falls to the bottom of the humidification tower, and then is introduced into the water tank for clarification, and the clean water therein is pumped out to the diversion pipe by the water pump, and then drained by the diversion pipe to the spray pipes of each chamber of the biological filtration tower.

[0020] For the second water self-circulation device, its water tank is connected to the inner bottom of the corresponding chamber of the biological filtration tower, and its water pump is used to pump out the water in the water tank for treatment, and its diversion pipe is connected to the spray pipe of the corresponding chamber; the water from the humidification tower and the bottom of the corresponding chamber continuously sprays the flue gas entering the corresponding chamber of the biological filtration tower, and then the water falls to the bottom of the corresponding chamber, and then is introduced into the water tank for clarification, and the clean water therein continues to be pumped out to the outside by the water pump for desugaring treatment, and then transported to the diversion pipe, and then drained by the diversion pipe to the spray pipes of each chamber of the biological filtration tower for continued spraying.

[0021] The present invention adopts a high tower with a multi-layer flue gas treatment chamber for flue gas treatment, which occupies a small area, saves pipeline construction costs, and has a low failure rate. At the same time, multiple biological filtration mechanisms are arranged in the biological filtration tower, and the biological filler layer of each biological filtration mechanism is inoculated with thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria and thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Among them, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) uses mixed flue gas containing CO and CO2 as an electron donor and carbon source to convert SO4 2- and SO3 2- Restore to S 2- Denitrifying Thiobacillus uses CO2 and CO in flue gas as inorganic carbon sources and NO3 - and NO2 - As an electron acceptor, S 2- Oxidized to elemental sulfur, while NO3 - and NO2 - The electrons obtained are reduced to N2 and enter the atmosphere, thereby achieving carbon emission reduction, and can achieve carbon reduction and desulfurization and denitrification at the same time; in addition, a support plate, a processor and a biological filler layer are set in the biological filtration mechanism to treat the waste gas, which greatly increases the surface area of ​​the biofilm, improves the contact area between the flue gas and the biofilm, and performs triple treatment on the flue gas from bottom to top. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The structure of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the device for efficiently removing sulfur and nitrate from industrial flue gas according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the biological filter tower in the device for efficiently removing sulfur and nitrate from industrial flue gas described in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the biological filtration mechanism of the present invention when the support plate is located at the lower limit position.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the biological filtration mechanism of the present invention when the support plate is located at the upper limit position.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first processor and the second processor in the biological filtration mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural relationship diagram of the first processor and the second processor of the biological filtration mechanism of the present invention when the support plate is located at the lower limit position.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural relationship diagram of the first processor and the second processor of the biological filtration mechanism of the present invention when the support plate is located at the upper limit position.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reciprocating drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] As shown in the figure: 1-air duct one, 2-humidification tower, 3-air duct two, 4-fan, 5-air duct three, 6-biological filtration tower, 61-tower body, 62-spray pipe, 63-biological filtration mechanism, 631-filter box, 632-hollow partition, 633-biological filler layer, 634-support plate, 635-movable rod, 636-first processor, 637-second processor, 64-reciprocating drive mechanism, 641-crankshaft, 6 42-pull rod, 643-connecting arm, 644-reduction motor, 65-dividing compartment plate, 66-connecting pipe, 67-air flow equalizing plate, 7-air guide pipe four, 8-smoke sampling tube, 9-chimney, 10-water tank, 11-water pump, 12-cylinder, 13-water inlet, 14-upper sealing ring, 15-center rod, 16-spiral plate, 17-annular groove, 18-guide plate, 19-drainage outlet, 20-lower sealing ring, 21-plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is an explanation of the implementation of the present invention by specific specific embodiments. People familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for carbon neutralization of industrial flue gas and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification using microorganisms, including the following steps:

[0037] S1. Constructing a flue gas treatment device: The flue gas treatment device includes a tower system, an induced draft system and a water self-circulation system.

[0038] Tower system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the tower system includes a humidification tower 2 for cooling and humidifying flue gas and a biological filtration tower 6.

[0039] The humidification tower 2 adopts the existing humidification tower structure to control the temperature and humidify the flue gas, and remove dust particles in the flue gas at the same time.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the biological filtration tower 6 includes a tower body 61, three biological filtration mechanisms 63 arranged in the tower body from top to bottom, and a reciprocating drive mechanism 64. Above each biological filtration mechanism 63, a spray pipe 62 (composed of multiple nozzles) that can spray water downward is provided.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the biological filtration tower 6 includes a tower body 61 and three chambers arranged from top to bottom in the tower body 61, and two adjacent chambers are separated by a partition plate 65. A connecting pipe 66 penetrating the upper and lower chambers is provided on the top of the partition plate 65, and an air flow equalizing plate 67 for evenly passing the air flow is provided above the connecting pipe 66. A liquid accumulation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the connecting pipe 66, the inner wall of the chamber and the upper surface of the partition plate 65; a reciprocating drive mechanism 4 and three biological filtration mechanisms 63 arranged from top to bottom are installed in each chamber, and a spray pipe 62 (composed of a plurality of evenly arranged nozzles) capable of spraying water downward is provided above each biological filtration mechanism 63.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the biological filtration mechanism 63 includes a filter box 631, a support plate 634, a movable rod 635 and a processor.

[0043] The outer wall of the filter box 631 is fixed on the inner wall of the tower body 61, and a plurality of exhaust holes are arranged on the top plate of the filter box 631. The top plate of the filter box 631 is detachably connected to the top of the filter box 631, and a plurality of mounting holes (the mounting holes have internal threads) are evenly arranged on the bottom plate of the filter box 631. A hollow partition plate 632 (detachably installed in the filter box 631) is horizontally installed in the filter box 631 to divide the interior of the filter box 631 into an upper and lower cavity. The lower cavity of the filter box 631 is filled with a biological filler layer 633, which is composed of a plurality of filler particles. The filler particles are ceramsite. The biological filler layer 633 is inoculated with microorganisms used to treat sulfur and nitrate, thereby forming a biological filler layer. The microorganisms inoculated in the biological filler layer 633 include Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and Thiobacillus denitrificans. Each biological filler layer 663 in the lower chamber of the tower body 61 is inoculated with a mixed bacterial community of three bacteria, namely, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Each biological filler layer 663 in the middle chamber of the tower body 61 is inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria. Each biological filler layer 663 in the upper chamber of the tower body 61 is inoculated with Thiobacillus denitrificans.

[0044] The support plate 634 is a hollow mesh plate movably arranged below the filter box 631, which can move up and down and has an upper limit position of the upward position (the highest position of the upward movement) and a lower limit position of the downward position (the lowest position of the downward movement).

[0045] The movable rod 635 vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the filter box 631 and can move up and down. The lower end of the movable rod 635 is fixedly connected to the support plate 634 and can drive the support plate 634 to move back and forth between its upper limit and lower limit positions. The movable rods 635 of two adjacent biological filtration mechanisms 63 are connected to each other.

[0046] The processor includes a first processor 636 and a second processor 637, wherein the first processor 636 is multiple and is evenly installed in a part of the mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box 631; the second processor is multiple and is evenly installed in the remaining mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box 631; the first processor 636 and the second processor 637 are used to alternately open and close the smoke passage for smoke to enter the lower cavity of the filter box 631 and alternately open and close the water passage for water to flow out of the lower cavity of the filter box 631, and the water passage and the smoke passage of the same processor are alternately opened and closed. The first processor 636 and the second processor 637 are both smoke passages and water passages.

[0047] like Figure 5-7 As shown, both the first processor 636 and the second processor 637 include a cylinder 12, an annular groove 27 and a blocking mechanism.

[0048] The cylinder 12 is fixed in the mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box 630 (each mounting hole is equipped with the cylinder 12, and the outer wall of the cylinder 12 is provided with an external thread which is threadedly connected with the mounting hole) and has openings at both ends. The upper end of the cylinder 12 (penetrating the bottom plate of the filter box 631) extends into the cavity of the filter box 631 below the hollow partition 632, and the lower end of the cylinder 12 extends above the support plate 634. A plurality of water inlets 13 connected to the lower cavity of the filter box 631 are provided on the side wall of the upper end of the cylinder 12, and a plurality of drainage outlets 19 are provided on the side wall of the lower end of the cylinder 12.

[0049] The annular groove 17 is sleeved on the lower outer portion of the cylinder 12 and is connected to the drain port 19 .

[0050] The plugging mechanism includes an upper plugging ring 14, a lower plugging ring 20, a center rod 15, a spiral plate 16 and a plug 21; the upper plugging ring 14 is slidably sleeved on the upper side of the cylinder 12 to plug the water inlet 13; the lower plugging ring 20 is slidably sleeved on the lower side of the cylinder 12 to plug the drain 19; the lower end of the center rod 15 is fixed on the support plate 634, and the upper end thereof extends upward into the cylinder 12 and is sleeved between the upper plugging ring 14 and the lower plugging ring 21. The upper sealing ring 14 and the lower sealing ring 20 are connected by multiple thin rods respectively (water and air can flow freely inside the two); the spiral plate 16 is slidably arranged in the cylinder 12 and is located between the upper sealing ring 14 and the lower sealing ring 20. The inner side of the spiral plate 16 is fixed on the center rod 15 and spirals up in the cylinder 12 along the center rod 15; the plug 21 is fixed on the center rod 15 and can seal the bottom opening of the inner cylinder 12 as the center rod 15 moves.

[0051] The liquid level in the lower cavity of the filter box 631 is located between the upper side of the water inlet 13 and the upper surface of the inner tube 12 .

[0052] When the plug 21 completely blocks the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, the upper sealing ring 14 completely opens the water inlet 13, and the lower sealing ring 20 completely opens the drain outlet 19; when the plug 21 completely opens the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, the upper sealing ring 14 closes the water inlet 13, and the lower sealing ring 20 closes the drain outlet 19; the sealing mechanisms of the first processor 636 and the second processor 637 are staggered up and down and are driven by the support plate 634 to alternately open the smoke channel and the water channel through their respective sealing mechanisms.

[0053] like Figure 6As shown, when the support plate 634 moves down to its lower limit position, the action of the sealing mechanism in the first processor 636 is: the plug 21 moves down to open the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, the upper sealing ring 14 moves down to seal the water inlet 13, and the lower sealing ring 20 moves down to seal the drain outlet 19; at the same time, the action of the sealing mechanism in the second processor 637 is: the plug 21 moves down to seal the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, the upper sealing ring 14 moves down to open the water inlet 13, and the lower sealing ring 20 moves down to open the drain outlet 19.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, when the support plate 634 moves up to its upper limit position, the action of the sealing mechanism in the first processor 636 is: the plug 21 moves up to seal the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, the upper sealing ring 14 moves up to open the water inlet 13, and the lower sealing ring 20 moves up to open the drain outlet 19; at the same time, the action of the sealing mechanism in the second processor 637 is: the plug 21 moves up to open the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, the upper sealing ring 14 moves up to seal the water inlet 13, and the lower sealing ring 20 moves up to seal the drain outlet 19.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the reciprocating drive mechanism 64 is installed on the tower body 61 and is linked with the movable rod 635 of the uppermost biological filtration mechanism 63 to drive the movable rod 635 to move up and down. Figure 8 As shown, the reciprocating drive mechanism 64 plate includes a crankshaft 641, a pull rod 642, a connecting arm 643 and a reduction motor 644; the crankshaft 641 is installed in the tower body 61 horizontally (set) and axially rotatable, and its middle part is U-shaped; the lower end of the pull rod 642 is fixed to the upper end of the movable rod 635 of the uppermost biological filtration mechanism 63; the lower end of the connecting arm 643 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the pull rod 642 through a pin parallel to the crankshaft 641, and the upper end of the connecting arm 643 is rotatably sleeved on the lateral part of the U-shaped section in the crankshaft 641; the reduction motor 644 is installed outside the tower body 61 and its output end is drivingly connected to the end of the crankshaft 641.

[0056] Induced air system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the induced draft system is used to introduce the flue gas into the humidification tower 2 and the biological filter tower 6 from the bottom, and then lead the flue gas out of the humidification tower 2 and the biological filter tower 6 from the top; the induced draft system includes an air duct 1 for introducing the flue gas into the lower part of the humidification tower 2, a fan 4 for providing power for the flue gas circulation, an air duct 2 3 for introducing the upper flue gas inside the humidification tower 2 into the air inlet of the fan 4, an air duct 3 5 for introducing the flue gas from the air outlet of the fan 4 into the lower part of the biological filter tower 6, and a duct 4 7 for leading the upper flue gas inside the last biological filter tower 6 to the chimney 9.

[0057] Water self-circulating system, such as Figure 1As shown, the water self-circulation system includes a first water self-circulation device connected to the inside of the humidification tower 2 and a plurality of second water self-circulation devices connected one-to-one with each chamber in the tower body 61 of the biological filtration tower 6; the first water self-circulation device and the second water self-circulation device both include a water tank 10, a water pump 11 and a diversion pipe;

[0058] For the first water self-circulation device, its water tank 10 is connected to the bottom of the inner side of the humidification tower 2, and its water pump 11 is used to pump the water in the water tank 10 to the shunt pipe, and the shunt pipe is connected to the spray pipe 62 in the tower body 61; the water from the external water source and the water in the water tank 10 continuously sprays the flue gas entering the humidification tower 2, and then the water falls to the bottom of the humidification tower 2, and then is introduced into the water tank 10 for clarification, and the clean water therein is pumped out to the shunt pipe by the water pump 11, and then is led to the spray pipe 62 of each chamber of the biological filtration tower 6 by the shunt pipe.

[0059] For the second water self-circulation device, its water tank 10 is connected to the inner bottom of the corresponding chamber of the biological filter tower 2, and its water pump 11 is used to pump out the water in the water tank 10 for treatment, and its diversion pipe is connected to the spray pipe 62 of the corresponding chamber; the water from the humidification tower 2 and the bottom of the corresponding chamber continuously sprays the flue gas entering the corresponding chamber of the biological filter tower 6, and then the water falls to the bottom of the corresponding chamber, and then is introduced into the water tank 10 for clarification, and the clean water therein is continuously pumped out to the outside by the water pump 11 for desugaring treatment, and the precipitate therein is taken out for secondary treatment to obtain the sulfur therein, and then transported to the diversion pipe, and then drained by the diversion pipe to the spray pipe 62 of each chamber of the biological filter tower 6 for continued spraying.

[0060] S2. Inoculation: Inoculate corresponding microorganisms in the biological filler layer 633 on the upper side of the biological filtration mechanism 63 of each chamber and spray nutrient solution to cultivate the microorganisms, so that the microorganisms form a large amount of biofilm on the surface of the filler particles in the biological filler layer 633 and between the filler particles in the biological filler layer 633.

[0061] S3. Constant temperature humidification treatment: The flue gas is introduced into the lower part of the humidification tower 2 through the air guide pipe 1, and the flue gas flows up along the humidification tower 2, and is first humidified by the humidification tower 2, and then introduced into the lower part of the inner side of the biological filter tower 6 through the air guide pipe 2 3 and the air guide pipe 3 5 under the action of the fan 4, and water is continuously sprayed toward the top of the biological filter mechanism 63 through the spray pipe 62. The dust particles in the flue gas fall into the water, and part of the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the water. After the water at the bottom of the humidification tower 2 is clarified, the clean water is sprayed into the biological filter tower 6.

[0062] S4. Biological filtration treatment:

[0063] The flue gas enters the bottom of the lower chamber from the lower layer of the tower body 61, and passes through the three chambers of the tower body 61 from bottom to top. The SO2 and NOx in the flue gas come into contact with the biofilm in the biological filter tower 6. At the same time, due to the presence of water and ferrothiobacillus, SO4 is generated. 2- 、SO3 2- 、NO3 - and NO2 - Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) use the mixed flue gas containing CO and CO2 as an electron donor and carbon source to convert SO4 2- and SO3 2- Restore to S 2- At this time, chemoautotrophic microorganisms such as denitrifying Thiobacillus use CO2 and CO in the flue gas as inorganic carbon sources and NO3 - and NO2 - As an electron acceptor, S 2- Oxidized to elemental sulfur, while NO3 - and NO2 - The electrons are reduced to N2 and enter the atmosphere. In this process, CO and CO2 in the flue gas are used by microorganisms as inorganic carbon sources, so there is a phenomenon of carbon emission reduction; the principle diagram is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] The reaction equations involved are as follows:

[0066]

[0067] CO2+H2S→[CH2S](organic matter)+H2O+S↓

[0068] [Note: H2S is similar to H20 in plant photosynthesis]

[0069] The biological filter mechanism 63 of this embodiment is optimized and improved. The principle of the biological filter mechanism 63 for treating flue gas is as follows:

[0070] The spray pipe 62 continuously sprays the water in each chamber onto the biological filter mechanism 63 of the chamber. As the water flows down, it flushes the biological filler layer 633 on the upper side of the biological filter mechanism 63, and the bacterial liquid formed by some microorganisms flows into the lower cavity of the filter box 631 along with the water.

[0071] Afterwards, the reciprocating drive mechanism 64 drives the support plate 634 to move up and down between its upper limit and lower limit positions through the movable rod 635. The support plate 634 drives the first processor 636 and the second processor 637 to alternately open and close the smoke channel, and at the same time alternately open and close the water flow channel. The water flow channel and the smoke channel of the same processor are alternately opened and closed.

[0072] like Figure 6 As shown, when the support plate 634 moves to the lower limit position, the center rod 15 of the first processor 636 moves downward, driving the upper blocking ring 14, the lower blocking ring 20, the spiral plate 16 and the plug 21 to move downward, and the plug 21 opens the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, so that the inner tube 12 is connected from top to bottom to open the smoke passage, and at the same time, the upper blocking ring 14 and the lower blocking ring 20 respectively block the water inlet 13 and the drain outlet 19, and the water flow passage is closed. At the same time, the center rod 15 of the second processor 637 moves downward, driving the upper blocking ring 14, the lower blocking ring 20, the spiral plate 16 and the plug 21 to move downward, and the plug 21 blocks the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, so that the inner tube 12 is closed from top to bottom to close the smoke passage, and at the same time, the upper blocking ring 14 and the lower blocking ring 20 respectively open the water inlet 13 and the drain outlet 19, and the water flow passage is unblocked; at this time, the smoke passes through the first processor 636, and the water flows down from the second processor 637.

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown, when the support plate 634 moves to the upper limit position, the center rod 15 of the first processor 636 moves upward, driving the upper blocking ring 14, the lower blocking ring 20, the spiral plate 16 and the plug 21 to move upward, and the plug 21 closes the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, so that the inner tube 12 is closed from top to bottom and closes the smoke passage, and at the same time, the upper blocking ring 14 and the lower blocking ring 20 open the water inlet 13 and the drain outlet 19 respectively, and the water flow passage is switched. At the same time, the center rod 15 of the second processor 636 moves upward, driving the upper blocking ring 14, the lower blocking ring 20, the spiral plate 16 and the plug 21 to move upward, and the plug 21 opens the bottom opening of the inner tube 12, so that the inner tube 12 is opened from top to bottom and opens the smoke passage, and at the same time, the upper blocking ring 14 and the lower blocking ring 20 block the water inlet 13 and the drain outlet 19 respectively, and the water flow passage is closed; at this time, the smoke passes through the second processor 637, and the water flows down from the first processor 636.

[0074] In the same processor, when the water flow channel (the water flow channel formed between the spiral plate 16, the inner cylinder 12, the water inlet 13 and the drain port 19) is opened (the air flow channel is closed), the microorganisms flow into the inner cylinder 12 from the lower cavity of the filter box 631 through the water inlet 13 along with the water, and flow down to the bottom of the inner cylinder 12 along the spiral plate 16, and then flow from the drain port 19 to the annular groove 17. During the flow of water in the water flow channel, the bacterial liquid (i.e., the microbial combination liquid, which has a certain viscosity) mixed in it will continue to hang on the inner wall of the water flow channel to form a biofilm. After that, the water level in the annular groove 17 will continue to rise until it overflows onto the support plate 634 and flows down through the hollow holes on the support plate 634. The microorganisms therein will also fill the mesh of the support plate to form a biofilm, forming a film (laying biofilm). The increase of biofilm increases the reaction efficiency of flue gas and bacteria in the biofilm.

[0075] For the same processor, when the smoke channel (the smoke channel is formed between the spiral plate 16 and the inner cylinder 12 and the upper and lower openings of the inner cylinder 12) is opened (the water flow channel is closed), the smoke first penetrates the biofilm in the mesh of the support plate 634 and the sulfur, nitrogen and carbon therein are absorbed by the biofilm, then the smoke enters the inner cylinder 12 from the bottom opening of the inner cylinder 12, moves upward along the smoke channel and contacts the biofilm on the upper surface of the spiral plate 16 and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 12, and the sulfur, nitrogen and carbon therein are absorbed by the biofilm again, finally the smoke enters the filter box 631 from the top opening of the inner cylinder 12 and passes through the biological filler layer, and the sulfur, nitrogen and carbon therein are absorbed by the biofilm in the biological filler layer, and then enters the next biological filtration mechanism to repeat the above operation, so as to achieve efficient removal of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon in the smoke, and remove sulfur, nitrogen and carbon by a triple absorption method; after the smoke circulates in the smoke channel for a certain period of time and after the high-speed airflow acts for a period of time, the biofilm in the smoke channel will be destroyed by the high-speed airflow, so it is necessary to close the smoke channel again and open the water flow channel for film laying. The increase of biofilm increases the reaction efficiency between smoke and bacteria in the biofilm.

[0076] S5. Emissions that meet standards: After being treated by the biological filter tower, the flue gas is introduced into the chimney 9 through the air duct 7 and discharged to the outside through the chimney 9. The treated flue gas is tested and sampled through the flue gas sampling tube 8 provided on the side wall of the air duct 7 for testing.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0079] The outer wall of the annular groove 17 is evenly provided with a plurality of inclined guide plates 18 to increase the film laying surface and increase the amount of biofilm. After water overflows from the top of the annular groove 17 and flows through the guide plates 18, the microorganisms thereon hang on the guide plates 18 and gradually form a biofilm.

[0080] Embodiment 3:

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 or 2 is that:

[0082] The upper surface of the spiral plate 16 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions intersecting the spiral direction, so as to facilitate the biofilm to hang on the upper surface of the spiral plate 16 .

[0083] Other aspects of the present invention that are not described in detail are all conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0084] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0085] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific implementation methods. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for carbon neutralization of industrial flue gas and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification using microorganisms, characterized in that: The steps include: subjecting the industrial flue gas to constant temperature humidification treatment and biological filtration treatment before discharging it in compliance with the standards; the biological filtration treatment is to pass the flue gas subjected to constant temperature humidification treatment through a plurality of biological filler layers from bottom to top in sequence, and spray each biological filler layer with water leaking from the bottom of each biological filler layer, wherein at least one biological filler layer in the biological filler layer located on the lower side is inoculated with a mixed bacterial community of three bacteria, namely, thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria and thiobacillus ferrooxidans; at least one biological filler layer in the biological filler layer located on the upper side is inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria, and at least one biological filler layer is inoculated with denitrifying thiobacillus.

2. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature humidification treatment and biological filtration treatment are carried out by using a flue gas treatment device; the flue gas treatment device includes a tower system, an induced draft system and a water self-circulation system; The tower system includes at least one humidification tower for cooling and humidifying flue gas and at least one biological filtration tower; The biological filtration tower comprises a tower body and at least three chambers arranged in the tower body from top to bottom, two adjacent chambers are separated by a chamber partition plate, a connecting pipe penetrating the upper and lower chambers is arranged on the top of the chamber partition plate, and a liquid accumulation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the connecting pipe and the inner wall of the chamber and the upper surface of the chamber partition plate; a reciprocating drive mechanism and at least one biological filtration mechanism are installed in each chamber, and a spray pipe capable of spraying water downward is arranged above each biological filtration mechanism; the biological filtration mechanism comprises a filter box, a support plate, a movable rod and a processor; The filter box is fixed on the upper side of the interior of the chamber, a plurality of exhaust holes are arranged on the top plate of the filter box, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the bottom plate of the filter box, a hollow partition is installed transversely in the filter box to divide the interior of the filter box into an upper and lower cavity, and a biological filler layer is filled in the lower cavity of the filter box; The support plate is a hollow mesh plate movably arranged below the filter box, which can move up and down and has an upper limit position of the upward position and a lower limit position of the downward position; The movable rod vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the filter box and can move up and down, the lower end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the support plate and can drive the support plate to move back and forth between its upper limit and lower limit positions, and the movable rods of two adjacent biological filtration mechanisms are connected to each other; The processor includes a first processor and a second processor, the first processor is multiple and is installed one-to-one in a part of the mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box; the second processor is multiple and is installed one-to-one in the remaining mounting holes of the bottom plate of the filter box; the first processor and the second processor are used to alternately open and close the smoke passage for smoke to enter the lower cavity of the filter box and alternately open and close the water passage for water to flow out of the lower cavity of the filter box, and the water passage and the smoke passage of the same processor are alternately opened and closed; The reciprocating drive mechanism is installed on the tower body and linked with the movable rod of the biological filtration mechanism at the top of each chamber to drive the movable rod to move up and down; The induced draft system is used to introduce the flue gas into the humidification tower and the biological filter tower from the bottom, and then lead the flue gas out of the humidification tower and the biological filter tower from the top; The water self-circulation system is used for circulating and pumping water in the humidification tower and the biological filtration tower.

3. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body is provided with three chambers from top to bottom, each chamber is provided with three biological filtration mechanisms from bottom to top, each biological filler layer in the lower chamber is inoculated with a mixed bacterial community of three bacteria, namely, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, each biological filler layer in the middle chamber is inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria, and each biological filler layer in the upper chamber is inoculated with Thiobacillus denitrificans.

4. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first processor and the second processor both include a cylinder, an annular groove and a blocking mechanism; The cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole of the bottom plate of the filter box and has openings at both ends. The upper end of the cylinder extends into the cavity of the filter box below the hollow partition, and the lower end of the cylinder extends above the support plate. A plurality of water inlets connected to the lower cavity of the filter box are provided on the side wall of the upper end of the cylinder, and a plurality of drainage ports are provided on the side wall of the lower end of the cylinder. The annular groove is sleeved on the lower part of the outer side of the cylinder and is connected to the drain outlet; The sealing mechanism comprises an upper sealing ring, a lower sealing ring, a spiral plate, a center rod and a plug; the upper sealing ring is slidably sleeved on the upper side of the cylinder body to seal the water inlet; the lower sealing ring is slidably sleeved on the lower side of the cylinder body to seal the drain outlet; the lower end of the center rod is fixed on the support plate, and its upper end is extended upward into the cylinder body and then sleeved in the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring and connected to the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring by a plurality of thin rods respectively; the spiral plate is slidably arranged in the cylinder body and is located between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, the inner side of the spiral plate is fixed on the center rod and spirals upward in the cylinder body along the center rod; the plug is fixed on the center rod and can seal the bottom opening of the inner cylinder with the movement of the center rod; The liquid level in the lower cavity of the filter box is located between the upper side of the water inlet and the upper surface of the inner cylinder; When the plug completely blocks the bottom opening of the inner tube, the upper sealing ring will completely open the water inlet and the lower sealing ring will completely open the drain outlet; when the plug completely opens the bottom opening of the inner tube, the upper sealing ring will close the water inlet and the lower sealing ring will close the drain outlet; the sealing mechanisms of the first processor and the second processor are staggered up and down and open the smoke channel alternately through their respective sealing mechanisms driven by the support plate.

5. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the support plate moves down to its lower limit position, the action of the blocking mechanism in the first processor is: the plug moves down to open the bottom opening of the inner tube, the upper blocking ring moves down to seal the water inlet, and the lower blocking ring moves down to seal the drain outlet; at the same time, the action of the blocking mechanism in the second processor is: the plug moves down to block the bottom opening of the inner tube, the upper blocking ring moves down to open the water inlet, and the lower blocking ring moves down to open the drain outlet; When the support plate moves to its upper limit position, the action of the sealing mechanism in the first processor is: the plug moves up to seal the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring moves up to open the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring moves up to open the drain outlet; at the same time, the action of the sealing mechanism in the second processor is: the plug moves up to open the bottom opening of the inner cylinder, the upper sealing ring moves up to seal the water inlet, and the lower sealing ring moves up to seal the drain outlet.

6. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular groove is evenly provided with a plurality of obliquely arranged guide plates.

7. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the spiral plate is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions intersecting with the spiral direction.

8. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive mechanism plate includes a crankshaft, a pull rod, a connecting arm and a reduction motor; the crankshaft is installed laterally and axially rotatably inside the tower body, and its middle part is U-shaped; the lower end of the pull rod is fixed to the upper end of the movable rod of the uppermost biological filtration mechanism; the lower end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the upper end of the pull rod through a pin shaft parallel to the crankshaft, and the upper end of the connecting arm is rotatably sleeved on the lateral section of the U-shaped section of the crankshaft; the reduction motor is installed outside the tower body and its output end is transmission-connected to the crankshaft.

9. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The induced draft system includes an air duct 1 for introducing flue gas into the lower part of the humidification tower, a fan for providing power for the flue gas circulation, an air duct 2 for introducing flue gas from the upper part of the humidification tower into the air inlet of the fan, an air duct 3 for introducing flue gas from the fan outlet into the lower part of the biological filter tower, and a duct 4 for leading the flue gas from the upper part of the last biological filter tower to the chimney.

10. The method for carbon neutralization and coordinated desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas using microorganisms according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The water self-circulation system comprises a first water self-circulation device connected to the inside of the humidification tower and a plurality of second water self-circulation devices connected one-to-one with each chamber in the tower body of the biological filtration tower; the first water self-circulation device and the second water self-circulation device both comprise a water tank, a water pump and a diversion pipe; For the first water self-circulation device, its water tank is connected to the bottom of the inner side of the humidification tower, and its water pump is used to pump the water in its water tank to the shunt pipe, and the shunt pipe is connected to the spray pipe in the tower body; the water from the external water source and the water in the water tank continuously sprays the flue gas entering the humidification tower, and then the water falls to the bottom of the humidification tower, and then is introduced into the water tank for clarification, and the clear water in it is pumped out by the water pump to the shunt pipe, and then drained by the shunt pipe to the spray pipes of each chamber of the biological filtration tower; For the second water self-circulation device, its water tank is connected to the inner bottom of the corresponding chamber of the biological filtration tower, and its water pump is used to pump out the water in the water tank for treatment, and its diversion pipe is connected to the spray pipe of the corresponding chamber; the water from the humidification tower and the bottom of the corresponding chamber continuously sprays the flue gas entering the corresponding chamber of the biological filtration tower, and then the water falls to the bottom of the corresponding chamber, and then is introduced into the water tank for clarification, and the clean water therein continues to be pumped out to the outside by the water pump for desugaring treatment, and then transported to the diversion pipe, and then drained by the diversion pipe to the spray pipes of each chamber of the biological filtration tower for continued spraying.

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