High-water-absorption polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane material for water shutoff and reinforcement and preparation method of high-water-absorption polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane material

Abstract

The invention discloses a super absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single component polyurethane water shutoff and reinforcement material and a preparation method, and relates to the field of high polymer material application, the super absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single component polyurethane water shutoff and reinforcement material comprises the following raw materials by mass: 80-100 parts of an isocyanate prepolymer, 40-60 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-5 parts of a catalyst and 5-20 parts of a viscosity reducer. Comprising the following steps: 1, heating a reaction kettle to 40-55 DEG C, sequentially adding an isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and a viscosity reducer under an anhydrous condition, and heating the reaction kettle to 78-82 DEG C; according to the high-water-absorption polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcing material and the preparation method thereof, a single-component polyurethane grouting material does not need to be accurately compounded during construction, the problems of material performance reduction and the like caused by material deviation can be effectively avoided, the grouting material can be used immediately after a barrel is opened, the grouting material is put into a part needing to be repaired in a liquid transportation mode, and the repairing efficiency is improved. The operation is simpler, the construction process is convenient and rapid, the applicability is high, the construction efficiency is high, and the repair requirements of different types of water leakage engineering structures can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country's transportation infrastructure is huge in scale. In recent years, the proportion of tunnels in transportation projects has increased dramatically. However, affected by the hydrogeological environment of the project, tunnels are prone to water leakage during construction and operation, which greatly affects the actual service effect of highway, railway and other projects. At present, grouting is commonly used in engineering to repair tunnel leakage, and the selection of grouting materials has an important influence on the repair effect of leakage. Since leakage diseases often occur inside the structure and the leakage channels are mostly small cracks, grouting materials are required to have the advantages of good fluidity, good injectability, low viscosity, and fine slurry particles. Compared with the use of cement grouting materials, the use of polymer grouting materials is more conducive to achieving better leakage control effects.

[0003] Among the many polymer grouting materials, polyurethane grouting materials are widely used in tunnel leakage control; the common polyurethane materials on the market currently have the following problems: 1. During the construction of two-component polyurethane materials, attention should be paid to the ratio of A and B components. The construction process is relatively complicated, and it is inevitable that there will be material bias or uneven mixing, which will affect the construction effect; 2. Currently, single-component water-absorbent polyurethane is mostly used for grouting and plugging of wet cracks, blocking water inflow in dynamic water strata, and protecting the surface layer of wet soil. It has a good effect of absorbing water and plugging water, but its strength is low. It is easy to shrink after losing water, resulting in repeated leakage; 3. Single-component hydrophobic polyurethane has good anti-seepage and reinforcement effects, but its effect is poor when used to block water inflow in dynamic water strata.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of one-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material to ensure its strength, durability, fluidity and other properties while enhancing its water absorption. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material and a preparation method, so as to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology that the construction process is relatively complicated, and it is inevitable that the material will be biased or the mixing will be uneven, which will affect the construction effect; its strength is relatively low, and it is easy to shrink after losing water, resulting in repeated leakage; and the effect is poor when used for plugging water gushing in dynamic water strata.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material and a preparation method, comprising raw materials of the following mass components: 80-100 parts of isocyanate prepolymer, 40-60 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-5 parts of catalyst and 5-20 parts of viscosity reducer.

[0007] A method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material comprises the following steps: Step 1, heat the reactor to 40-55°C, add isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, and viscosity reducer in order under anhydrous conditions, and then heat the reactor to 78-82°C, stir while heating, and react for 1.5-2.5h; Step 2: After cooling the reactor to room temperature, add the catalyst dropwise while stirring. After the catalyst is completely added, stir for 10-15 minutes. The resulting liquid is the highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water blocking and reinforcement material.

[0008] Furthermore, the isocyanate is at least one of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, modified polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and modified toluene diisocyanate.

[0009] Furthermore, the polyvinyl alcohol is a white solid powder with a pH value between 4 and 8 and an average molecular weight of 18,000 and 20,000.

[0010] Furthermore, the stirring temperature in step 2 is room temperature, and the stirring time is not less than 10 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the catalyst is at least one of catalysts PT3O3, PT304, PT306, and triethylamine.

[0012] Furthermore, the viscosity reducing agent is at least one of monochlorodifluoroethane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, diethyl ethyl phosphate, and propylene carbonate.

[0013] Furthermore, by using a grafting method, polyvinyl alcohol with strong water absorption is grafted onto the isocyanate prepolymer segment, so that the generated grouting material has super water absorption, and the generated grouting material can be transported to the repair site by grouting, which is convenient and quick.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material and preparation method thereof are characterized in that polyvinyl alcohol with high water absorption is mixed with an isocyanate prepolymer component for reaction, and a grouting material with excellent performance can be obtained at a relatively low cost without increasing production costs by modifying the polyisocyanate prepolymer with polyvinyl alcohol.

[0015] Furthermore, single-component polyurethane grouting materials do not require precise compounding during construction, which can effectively avoid problems such as material performance degradation caused by material bias. They can be used right out of the bucket and the grouting materials can be delivered to the part that needs repair through liquid transportation. The operation is simpler, the construction process is convenient and fast, the applicability is strong, the construction efficiency is high, and it can meet the repair needs of different types of leaking engineering structures.

[0016] Furthermore, polyvinyl alcohol with high water absorption is grafted onto isocyanate to obtain a water blocking reinforcement material with stronger water absorption and ideal strength. The water absorption rate of this material is 5 times that of conventional polyurethane materials.

[0017] Furthermore, in the generated grouting material, both the isocyanate group and the highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol are on the molecular chain segment. The foam formed after absorbing water has both water blocking and reinforcement functions. While ensuring the water absorption and removal effect, it can also provide support for the repair site and enhance the stability of the repair structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Table 1 is a schematic diagram of various physical properties of the present invention; Figure 2 Table 2 is a schematic diagram of various physical properties of the present invention; Figure 3 Table 3 is a schematic diagram of various physical properties of the present invention; Figure 4 Table 4 is a schematic diagram of various physical properties of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0020] A one-component polyurethane anti-seepage plugging material, comprising the following raw material components calculated by weight: Isocyanate prepolymer: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-200 (Huahua Group Co., Ltd.), 10,000, 90 parts by mass.

[0021] Polyvinyl alcohol: 40 parts by mass.

[0022] Catalyst: PT3O3, 5 parts by mass.

[0023] Viscosity reducer: propylene carbonate, 5 parts by mass.

[0024] equipment: Magnetic stirrer (Weihai Borui Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.) Oil bath pot Three-necked flask High pressure grouting machine Production steps: (1) Heat the reactor to 40-55°C, add isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and viscosity reducer in sequence under anhydrous conditions, and then heat the reactor to 78-82°C, stir while heating, and react for 1.5-2.5 hours.

[0025] (2) After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the catalyst is added dropwise while stirring. After the catalyst is completely added, it is stirred for 10-15 minutes. The resulting liquid is the highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material.

[0026] (3) The grouting was carried out using a high-pressure grouting machine from Zhengzhou Anyuan Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. After the slurry solidified, the mechanical properties and water absorption properties of the material were tested. Various physical properties such as Figure 1 As shown; Embodiment 2:

[0027] A one-component polyurethane anti-seepage plugging material, comprising the following raw material components calculated by weight: Isocyanate prepolymer: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-200 (Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 90 parts by mass.

[0028] Polyvinyl alcohol: 50 parts by mass.

[0029] Catalyst: PT3O3, 5 parts by mass.

[0030] Viscosity reducer: propylene carbonate, 5 parts by mass.

[0031] equipment: Magnetic stirrer (Weihai Borui Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.) Oil bath pot Three-necked flask High pressure grouting machine Production steps: (1) In anhydrous conditions, add isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and viscosity reducer in a three-necked flask in sequence, then heat the flask to 75°C, stir while heating, and react for 2.5 hours.

[0032] (2) After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the catalyst is added dropwise while stirring. After the catalyst is completely added, it is stirred for 10-15 minutes. The resulting liquid is the highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material.

[0033] (3) The grouting was carried out using a high-pressure grouting machine from Zhengzhou Anyuan Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. After the slurry solidified, the mechanical properties and water absorption properties of the material were tested. Various physical properties such as Figure 2 As shown; Embodiment 3:

[0034] A one-component polyurethane anti-seepage plugging material, comprising the following raw material components calculated by weight: Isocyanate prepolymer: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-200 (Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 45 parts by mass, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 40 parts by mass.

[0035] Polyvinyl alcohol: 40 parts by mass.

[0036] Catalyst: PT3O3, 5 parts by mass.

[0037] Viscosity reducer: propylene carbonate, 5 parts by mass.

[0038] equipment: Magnetic stirrer (Weihai Borui Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.) Oil bath pot Three-necked flask High pressure grouting machine Production steps: (1) In anhydrous conditions, add isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and viscosity reducer in a three-necked flask in sequence, then heat the flask to 80°C, stir while heating, and react for 2 hours.

[0039] (2) After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the catalyst is added dropwise while stirring. After the catalyst is completely added, it is stirred for 10-15 minutes. The resulting liquid is the highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material.

[0040] (3) The grouting was carried out using a high-pressure grouting machine from Zhengzhou Anyuan Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. After the slurry solidified, the mechanical properties and water absorption properties of the material were tested. Various physical properties such as Figure 3 As shown; In the generated grouting material, both the isocyanate group and the highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol are on the molecular chain segments. The foam formed after absorbing water has both water blocking and reinforcement functions. While ensuring the water absorption and removal effect, it can also provide support for the repair site and enhance the stability of the repair structure. Embodiment 4:

[0041] A one-component polyurethane anti-seepage plugging material, comprising the following raw material components calculated by weight: Isocyanate prepolymer: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-200 (Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 45 parts by mass, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.), 45 parts by mass.

[0042] Polyvinyl alcohol: 50 parts by mass.

[0043] Catalyst: PT3O3, 5 parts by mass.

[0044] Viscosity reducer: propylene carbonate, 5 parts by mass.

[0045] equipment: Magnetic stirrer (Weihai Borui Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.) Oil bath pot Three-necked flask High pressure grouting machine Production steps: (1) In anhydrous conditions, add isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and viscosity reducer in a three-necked flask in sequence, then heat the flask to 80°C, stir while heating, and react for 2 hours.

[0046] (2) After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the catalyst is added dropwise while stirring. After the catalyst is completely added, it is stirred for 10-15 minutes. The resulting liquid is the highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material.

[0047] (3) The grouting was carried out using a high-pressure grouting machine from Zhengzhou Anyuan Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. After the slurry solidified, the mechanical properties and water absorption properties of the material were tested. Various physical properties such as Figure 4 shown.

[0048] By mixing polyvinyl alcohol with high water absorption and isocyanate prepolymer components, a grouting material with excellent performance can be obtained at a relatively low cost without increasing production costs by using polyvinyl alcohol to modify polyisocyanate prepolymer. Single-component polyurethane grouting materials do not require precise compounding during construction, which can effectively avoid problems such as material performance degradation caused by material bias. They can be used as soon as the barrel is opened. The grouting materials are delivered to the parts that need to be repaired by liquid transportation. The operation is simpler, the construction process is convenient and fast, the applicability is strong, the construction efficiency is high, and it can meet the repair needs of different types of water seepage engineering structures.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging reinforcement material, characterized in that: Raw materials including the following quality components: 80-100 parts of isocyanate prepolymer, 40-60 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-5 parts of catalyst and 5-20 parts of viscosity reducer.

2. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, heat the reactor to 40-55°C, add isocyanate prepolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, and viscosity reducer in order under anhydrous conditions, and then heat the reactor to 78-82°C, stir while heating, and react for 1.5-2.5h; Step 2: After cooling the reactor to room temperature, add the catalyst dropwise while stirring. After the catalyst is completely added, stir for 10-15 minutes. The resulting liquid is the highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water blocking and reinforcement material.

3. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isocyanate is at least one of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, modified polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and modified toluene diisocyanate.

4. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The polyvinyl alcohol is a white solid powder with a pH value between 4 and 8 and an average molecular weight between 18,000 and 20,000.

5. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring temperature in the step 2 is room temperature, and the stirring time is not less than 10 min.

6. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The catalyst is at least one of catalysts PT3O3, PT304, PT306, and triethylamine.

7. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The viscosity reducing agent is at least one of monochlorodifluoroethane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, diethyl ethyl phosphate, and propylene carbonate.

8. The method for preparing a highly water-absorbent polyvinyl alcohol-single-component polyurethane water plugging and reinforcement material according to claim 7, characterized in that: By using a grafting method, polyvinyl alcohol with strong water absorption is grafted onto the isocyanate prepolymer segment, so that the generated grouting material has super water absorption, and the generated grouting material can be transported to the repair site by grouting, which is convenient and quick.

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