Variable damping gas-liquid buffer

Abstract

The invention provides a variable damping gas-liquid buffer. The lining pipe is installed in the cylinder body cavity, and a gap liquid cavity is formed between the middle of the lining pipe and the inner wall of the cylinder body cavity. The plunger end cover is mounted in the cylinder body cavity, and a first liquid cavity is formed between the plunger end cover and the closed end of the cylinder body; the plunger is inserted into the cylinder body cavity and comprises a closed end and an open end, and the open end of the plunger is connected with the plunger end cover to close the open end of the plunger; the plunger is of a cylindrical structure, a plunger cavity is formed in the plunger cavity, a piston is arranged in the plunger cavity, a second liquid cavity is formed between the piston and the plunger end cover, and an air cavity is formed between the piston and the closed end of the plunger; a gap is formed between the peripheral wall of the plunger and the inner wall of the lining pipe to form a third liquid cavity; the opening end of the throttling rod is inserted into the second liquid cavity through a through hole formed in the plunger; the plunger end cover is provided with a fluid channel which is communicated with the second liquid cavity and the third liquid cavity; a plurality of first damping fluid through holes are formed in the length direction of the throttling rod at intervals, and a plurality of second damping fluid through holes are formed in the length direction of the lining pipe at intervals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular to a variable damping gas-liquid buffer. Background Art

[0002] With the demands of longer train formations, heavier total weight, larger train passenger capacity and faster running speed, higher requirements are placed on the smoothness of train operation. Train buffer devices play an important role in the smoothness of train operation. Since gas-liquid buffers have good dynamic and static characteristics such as large capacity and high energy absorption rate, they can more effectively buffer and absorb the impact and collision energy between vehicles, and improve the train's riding comfort, running stability and operational safety. Therefore, in the prior art, for vehicles with high running stability, high-performance gas-liquid buffers are generally used in coupling buffer devices.

[0003] At present, the existing gas-liquid buffer only has the buffering energy absorption function of variable damping in the compression direction. The tensile direction is usually matched with a ring spring buffer or relies on an internal fixed damping hole to absorb part of the collision energy in the tensile direction. The existing gas-liquid buffer has limited buffering energy absorption effect in the tensile direction, and the internal structure design is relatively complex; at the same time, the gas-liquid buffer has a high correlation characteristic between damping and speed, and its damping force is positively correlated with the size of the external action speed. Usually, as the impact stroke increases, the impact speed will decrease, and the buffer damping force will also decrease, resulting in a decrease in the energy absorption effect of the buffer in the second half, which is not conducive to the full dissipation of the external impact kinetic energy; and the existing gas-liquid buffer needs to be installed in the buffer housing, which has a complex structure and a large weight, which is not conducive to the compact and lightweight design of the coupler.

[0004] For example, the patent with publication number CN114135615B discloses a gas-liquid buffer energy absorption device, which achieves the effect of tensile and compressive buffer energy absorption by configuring a liquid chamber in combination with a gas chamber. However, its buffer structure cannot adapt to the change of damping force to achieve the adjustment of buffer energy absorption capacity. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems and to provide a variable damping gas-liquid buffer that can better adapt to the operating environment of the train and provide a more reasonable adaptive buffering force.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A variable damping gas-liquid buffer, comprising:

[0008] Cylinder: including a closed end and an open end, and a cylinder cavity is formed between the closed end and the open end;

[0009] Liner pipe: installed in the cylinder cavity, the two ends of the liner pipe are attached to the inner wall of the cylinder cavity, and a gap liquid cavity is formed between the middle part between the two ends of the liner pipe and the inner wall of the cylinder cavity;

[0010] The plunger assembly comprises a plunger and a plunger end cover, wherein the plunger end cover is installed in the cylinder cavity, and its outer wall fits the inner wall of the inner liner tube, and a first liquid cavity is formed between the plunger end cover and the closed end of the cylinder; the plunger is inserted in the cylinder cavity and is sealed with the open end of the cylinder, and comprises a closed end and an open end, and its open end is connected to the plunger end cover, and the plunger end cover seals the open end of the plunger; the plunger is a cylindrical structure, and a plunger cavity is formed, a piston is arranged inside the plunger cavity, a second liquid cavity is formed between the piston and the plunger end cover, and an air cavity is formed between the piston and the closed end of the plunger; there is a gap between the outer peripheral wall of the plunger and the inner wall of the inner liner tube, forming a third liquid cavity;

[0011] The throttle rod is cylindrical, with the first end being an open end, and the second end opposite to the first end being mounted on the cylinder body to form a closed end; the throttle rod is partially located in the first liquid chamber, and the open end thereof is inserted into the second liquid chamber through a through hole provided on the plunger;

[0012] A fluid channel is arranged on the plunger end cover, connecting the second liquid chamber and the third liquid chamber; a plurality of first damping fluid through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the throttle rod, and a plurality of second damping fluid through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the inner liner tube.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, a one-way valve is provided on the fluid channel of the plunger end cover, and the one-way valve is configured to open when the pressure of the first liquid chamber is greater than the pressure of the third liquid chamber.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the cylinder body corresponding to the middle part between the two ends of the inner liner tube forms a groove toward the outer wall of the cylinder body relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body corresponding to the two ends of the inner liner tube, and a gap liquid cavity is formed between the middle part of the inner liner tube and the groove.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second damping fluid through hole is located in the middle of the liner tube.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the plunger end cover is cylindrical, and the plunger is inserted into the cylindrical groove of the plunger end cover; the open end of the plunger is provided with an external thread, and an internal nut is installed along the external thread, and the internal nut fits the open end of the cylindrical groove of the plunger end cover.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, an annular gasket is provided between the inner nut and the plunger end cover, and the inner nut, the annular gasket and the plunger end cover are connected via a fixing member.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the annular gasket is annular and is sleeved on the outside of the plunger;

[0019] The inner nut comprises a main body section and a slot section, the main body section of the inner nut has a uniform thickness, and the slot section is contracted toward the axial inner side relative to the end surface of the main body section in the axial direction, forming a thickness thinner than that of the main body section;

[0020] The annular gasket includes a main body section and a platform section. The main body section of the annular gasket can fit the end surface of the main body section of the inner nut, and the platform section can be inserted into the slot section. The fixing piece connects the slot section and the platform section.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, an end nut is provided at the open end of the cylinder body, and the end nut closes the gap between the plunger and the open end of the cylinder body.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, a hinge ring or a snap-fit ​​joint is provided at the closed end of the cylinder body so that the cylinder body can be adaptably connected to the first vehicle body.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, a hinged ring or a snap-fit ​​joint is provided at the closed end of the plunger so that the plunger can be adapted to be connected to the second vehicle body.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the variable damping gas-liquid buffer provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. A tension-compression bidirectional variable damping gas-liquid buffer is provided. By innovatively designing a tensile variable damping structure in the gas-liquid buffer, the gas-liquid buffer has a buffering energy absorption function with variable damping in the tensile direction, and improves the energy absorption capacity of the gas-liquid buffer in the latter half of the tensile and compression directions, so that the buffer can more effectively buffer and absorb the collision energy between vehicles, further improving the ride comfort and operational safety of the train.

[0026] 2. The new gas-liquid buffer structure uses a new anti-loosening structure and throttling rod installation structure to improve the structural reliability and performance stability of the buffer.

[0027] 3. The new gas-liquid buffer can be installed as a direct load-bearing member without being installed in the buffer housing. The invention has the characteristics of compact structure, reliable stability and bidirectional variable damping buffering energy absorption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas-liquid buffer.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas-liquid buffer.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the gas-liquid buffer.

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the gas-liquid buffer structure.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the ring gasket structure.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal nut structure.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped gasket structure.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged view of the annular gasket and U-shaped gasket.

[0037] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the assembly status of the annular gasket and the plunger end cover.

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly status of the annular gasket, U-shaped gasket, inner nut and plunger.

[0039] 1-cylinder body, 101-open end, 102-closed end, 103-hinge ring, 104-clamping ring joint;

[0040] 2- Liner pipe;

[0041] 3- One-way valve;

[0042] 4- plunger, 401- hinged ring;

[0043] 5- plunger end cap, 501- fluid channel, 502- through hole;

[0044] 601-first liquid cavity, 602-second liquid cavity, 603-third liquid cavity, 604-air cavity, 605-interstitial liquid cavity;

[0045] 7-Piston;

[0046] 801-first damping fluid through hole, 802-second damping fluid through hole;

[0047] 9-end nut;

[0048] 10-throttle rod nut;

[0049] 1101-first sealing ring, 1102-second sealing ring, 1103-third sealing ring, 1104-fourth sealing ring, 1105-fifth sealing ring;

[0050] 12-internal nut, 1201-main body section, 1202-slot section;

[0051] 13- annular gasket, 1301- main body section, 1302- platform section, 1303- raised section;

[0052] 14-fixing parts;

[0053] 15-U-shaped gasket;

[0054] 16-Throttle lever. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the fixed connection described in the present application can be a detachable fixed connection or an integrated fixed connection; the indication of the orientation or positional relationship is based on the positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0057] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to imply relative importance.

[0058] The invention provides a variable damping gas-liquid buffer which can be installed between two car bodies of a rail vehicle and is used for buffering the tensile and compressive forces of vehicle parts.

[0059] Structural reference of variable damping gas-hydraulic buffer Figures 1 to 4 .

[0060] The cylinder 1 of the buffer includes a closed end 102 and an open end 101, and a cylinder cavity is formed between the closed end 102 and the open end 101; in the use state, the cylinder 1 can be adapted to be installed on the first vehicle body. In order to solve the installation problem between the cylinder 1 and the vehicle body, a Figure 1 In the manner shown, a hinge ring 103 is provided at the closed end of the cylinder body 1, and the outer portion of the closed end of the cylinder body 1 can also be designed as a clamping ring joint 104, see Figure 4 The cylinder body 1 is cylindrical in shape, forming a cylindrical cylinder body cavity.

[0061] The inner liner tube 2 is installed in the cylinder cavity. The inner liner tube 2 is a cylindrical structure with both ends open. The two ends of the inner liner tube 2 fit the inner wall of the cylinder cavity, and a gap liquid cavity 605 is formed between the middle part between the two ends of the inner liner tube 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder cavity.

[0062] The plunger 4 and the plunger end cover 5 constitute a plunger assembly.

[0063] The plunger end cap 5 is installed in the cylinder cavity, and its outer wall is in contact with the inner wall of the inner liner tube 2, and a first liquid cavity 601 is formed between the plunger end cap 5 and the closed end of the cylinder 1. The plunger end cap 5 is movably installed in the cylinder cavity and can move along the inner liner tube 2. The fifth sealing ring 1105 is arranged along the outer wall of the plunger end cap 5, and the fifth sealing ring 1105 is in contact with the inner wall of the inner liner tube 2 to achieve sealing between the plunger end cap 5 and the inner liner tube 2.

[0064] The plunger 4 is inserted into the cylinder cavity and is sealed with the open end of the cylinder. The plunger 4 includes a closed end and an open end. The open end is connected to the plunger end cover 5, and the plunger end cover seals the open end of the plunger. The closed end is located outside the cylinder 1. When the buffer is in use, the plunger 4 is used to be adapted to be installed on the second vehicle body. In order to solve the installation problem between the plunger 4 and the vehicle body, in some embodiments of the present invention, the closed end of the plunger 4 is provided with a hinge ring 401, or a snap-on joint, so that the plunger 4 can be adapted to be connected to the second vehicle body.

[0065] The plunger 4 is a cylindrical structure, with a plunger cavity formed between the closed end and the open end, and a piston 7 is arranged inside the plunger cavity. The piston 7 closes the plunger cavity in the radial direction, dividing the plunger cavity into two parts, forming a second liquid cavity 602 between the piston 7 and the plunger end cover 5, and an air cavity 604 between the piston 7 and the closed end of the plunger 4; when the pressure difference between the air cavity 604 and the second liquid cavity 602 changes, the piston 7 can move along the plunger cavity to achieve pressure balance. The piston 7 has the effect of oil and gas separation, and the third sealing ring 1103 arranged along the outer wall of the piston 7, the third sealing ring 1103 is in contact with the inner wall of the plunger 2, and the sealing between the piston 7 and the plunger 4 is achieved.

[0066] The outer diameter of the plunger 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner liner tube 2 , and there is a gap between the outer peripheral wall of the plunger 4 and the inner wall of the inner liner tube, forming a third liquid chamber 603 .

[0067] Since the outer diameter of the plunger 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, after the plunger 4 is inserted into the cylinder body 1, a gap is formed between the plunger 4 and the open end of the cylinder body 1, and the gap structure needs to be closed. In some embodiments of the present invention, an end nut 9 is provided at the open end of the cylinder body 1, and the end nut 9 closes the gap between the plunger 4 and the open end of the cylinder body 1. The end nut 9 is annular and open at both ends. The largest outer circumferential surface of the end nut 9 is an external thread interface, which is installed in conjunction with the internal thread of the open end of the cylinder body 1, and the right end face of the end nut 9 contacts the left end face of the inner liner pipe 2 for fixation. In order to further improve the sealing effect, a first sealing ring 1101 provided on the inner wall of the end nut 9 is used for sealing between the end nut 9 and the plunger 4, and a second sealing ring 1102 provided on the outer wall of the end nut 9 is used for sealing between the end nut 9 and the cylinder body 1.

[0068] The throttle rod 16 is cylindrical, with a first end being an open end, and a second end opposite to the first end being mounted on the cylinder body to form a closed end, thereby forming a throttle rod cavity; the throttle rod 16 is partially located in the first liquid cavity 601, and its open end is inserted into the second liquid cavity 602 through a through hole 502 provided on the plunger. The through hole 502 provides a movement channel for the throttle rod 16, and the plunger end cover 5 and the throttle rod 16 can move relative to each other.

[0069] The closed end of the throttle rod 16 is a cylindrical structure, which is installed in a transitional manner with the bottom hole of the closed end of the cylinder body 1 as an axial hole, and is fixed and limited by the throttle rod nut 10. This method can ensure the coaxial relative movement of the throttle rod 16 and the cylinder body 1 and the plunger 4, thereby improving the stability of the buffer performance.

[0070] In the initial state, pressure balance is achieved between the first liquid chamber 601, the second liquid chamber 602, the third liquid chamber 603, the air chamber 604 and the gap liquid chamber 605. When the train is subjected to impact or tension, this balance will be destroyed. The dynamic balance is adjusted by the linkage between the various cavities to provide buffering force for the vehicle. In order to achieve the linkage between the various liquid chambers and air chambers, a fluid channel 501 is provided on the plunger end cover 5, and the fluid channel 501 connects the second liquid chamber 602 and the third liquid chamber 603; a plurality of first damping fluid through holes 801 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the throttle rod 16, and a plurality of second damping fluid through holes 802 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the inner liner tube 2.

[0071] In the initial working state of the gas-liquid buffer, the first damping fluid through hole 801 is at least partially located in the first liquid chamber 601, and the second damping fluid through hole 802 is at least partially located in the first liquid chamber 601 and partially located in the third liquid chamber 603. Therefore, as a preferred embodiment, the first damping fluid through holes 801 are arranged at intervals in the entire length direction of the throttle rod 16, and the second damping fluid through holes 802 are arranged at intervals in the entire length direction of the inner liner tube 2, so that it can be ensured that in various working states, the first damping fluid through hole 801 is partially located in the first liquid chamber 601 and partially located in the second liquid chamber 602, and the second damping fluid through hole 802 is partially located in the first liquid chamber 601 and partially located in the third liquid chamber 603.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, a one-way valve 3 is provided on the fluid passage of the plunger end cover 5, and the one-way valve 3 is configured to open when the pressure of the first liquid chamber 601 is greater than the pressure of the third liquid chamber 603. When the plunger 4 moves to the left under the tensile effect of an external force, the first oil chamber 601 forms a vacuum chamber, the pressure of the third oil chamber 603 is greater than the pressure of the first oil chamber 601, and the one-way valve 3 is closed; when the plunger 4 moves to the right under the compression effect of an external force, the pressure of the first oil chamber 601 is greater than the pressure of the third oil chamber 603, and the one-way valve 3 is opened.

[0073] In the above structure, the liquid in the first liquid chamber 601 and the second liquid chamber 602 can flow through the throttle rod chamber and the first damping fluid through hole 801, the liquid in the second liquid chamber 602 and the third liquid chamber 603 can flow through the fluid channel 501, the liquid in the first liquid chamber 601 and the gap oil chamber 605 can flow through the second damping fluid through hole 802, and the liquid in the third liquid chamber 603 and the gap oil chamber 605 can flow through the second damping fluid through hole 802. The first damping fluid through hole 801 and the second damping fluid through hole 802 can achieve a variable damping buffering effect.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 corresponding to the middle part between the two ends of the inner liner tube 2 forms a groove toward the outer wall of the cylinder body 1 relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 corresponding to the two ends of the inner liner tube, that is, the cylinder body portion corresponding to the middle part of the inner liner tube 2 has a thinner cylinder body wall, and a gap liquid cavity 605 is formed between the middle part of the inner liner tube 2 and the groove. As an alternative method, the tube wall of the middle part of the inner liner tube 2 can also be made thinner, and the gap oil cavity 605 can be constructed in the same way, with the same technical effect. The second damping fluid through hole 802 is located in the middle part of the inner liner tube 2.

[0075] The second damping fluid through hole 802 on the inner liner tube 2 can be arranged along the circumference and axial direction of the inner liner tube 2, and is a small hole channel. When the buffer is assembled and installed as a whole, the second damping fluid through hole 802 is divided by the plunger end cover 5 into a second damping channel on the left side of the plunger end cover 5 and a fourth fluid channel on the right side. The second damping channel connects the third liquid chamber 603 and the gap oil chamber 605, and the fourth fluid channel on the right side connects the first liquid chamber 601 and the gap oil chamber 605.

[0076] In order to solve the problem of fixing the plunger 4 and the plunger end cover 5, the open end of the plunger end cover 4 is an internal thread interface, which is connected and fixed with the external thread of the open end of the plunger 2, and a nut is formed to prevent loosening through an internal nut 10; an anti-rotation annular gasket 11 is installed between the plunger end cover 4 and the internal nut 10, and two raised steps are provided on the anti-rotation annular gasket 11, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first protrusion cooperates with the inner nut 10, the U-shaped annular gasket 12 and the bolt 13 to position the inner nut 10, the U-shaped annular gasket 12 and the bolt 13. Figure 4 As shown, the second protrusion is directly positioned in cooperation with the groove of the plunger end cover 4, thereby improving the connection reliability of the internal structure of the gas-liquid buffer.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the plunger end cap 5 is cylindrical, forming a U-shaped structure, and the plunger 4 is inserted into the cylindrical groove of the plunger end cap 5; the open end of the plunger 4 is provided with an external thread, and an internal nut 12 is installed along the external thread, and the internal nut 12 fits the open end of the cylindrical groove of the plunger end cap 5. The fourth sealing ring 1104 is provided along the outer wall of the open end of the plunger 4, and the fourth sealing ring 1104 fits the inner wall of the open end of the plunger end cap 5 to achieve sealing between the plunger 4 and the plunger end cap 5.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, an annular gasket 13 is provided between the inner nut 12 and the plunger end cover 5 , and the inner nut 12 , the annular gasket 13 and the plunger end cover 5 are connected via a fixing member 14 .

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, the annular gasket 13 is annular and is sleeved on the outside of the plunger 4 .

[0080] refer to Figure 6 The inner nut 12 includes a main body section 1201 and a slot section 1202. The main body section of the inner nut 12 has a uniform thickness. The slot section 1202 shrinks axially inward relative to the end surface of the main body section 1201 in the axial direction, forming a thickness thinner than the main body section 1201. The slot section 1202 can be designed as an axial shrinkage section relative to the end surface of one side of the inner nut 12, or can be designed as an axial shrinkage section relative to the end surfaces of both sides of the inner nut 12.

[0081] refer to Figure 5 The annular gasket 13 includes a main body section 1301 and a step section 1302. The step section 1302 is a bent structure formed relative to the main body section 1301. The main body section 1301 of the annular gasket 13 can fit the end surface of the main body section 1201 of the inner nut 12, and the step section 1302 can be inserted into the slot section 1202. Figure 5 In the structure shown, the annular gasket 13 has a step 1302 and a raised section 1303. The step 1302 is used to cooperate with the inner nut 12, and the raised section 1303 is used to cooperate with the plunger end cover 5. Accordingly, an insertion groove can be designed on the plunger end cover 5, and the raised section 1303 is inserted into the insertion groove of the plunger end cover 5. This structure can further strengthen the fixing effect between the annular gasket 13, the plunger end cover 5, and the inner nut 12, and improve the stability of the structure.

[0082] Furthermore, a U-shaped gasket 15 can be further provided at the matching part of the slot section 1202 and the platform stage 1302. The U-shaped gasket 15 is inserted into the matching part of the slot section 1202 and the platform stage 1302 from one side of the outer diameter of the annular gasket 13 and is installed through the fixing member 14. Figure 7 .

[0083] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly status of the annular gasket, U-shaped gasket, inner nut and plunger.

[0084] The working principle of the gas-liquid buffer provided by the present invention is as follows.

[0085] Compression energy absorption process: When the gas-liquid buffer is compressed by external force, the plunger 2 retracts into the cylinder 1, the gap between the plunger end cover 5 and the closed end 102 of the cylinder becomes smaller, the pressure increases, and the oil in the compressed first oil chamber 601 passes through the first damping channel 801 on the throttle rod 16 (the part between the plunger end cover 5 and the closed end 102 of the cylinder), and then flows into the second oil chamber 602 through the throttle rod chamber on the throttle rod 16. During this process, the one-way valve 3 opens, and a part of the oil in the first oil chamber 601 flows into the third oil chamber 603 through the fluid channel 501. During this process, the part of the first damping channel 801 located between the plunger end cover 5 and the piston 7 does not work. As the compression stroke increases, more and more hydraulic oil will be stored in the third oil chamber 603, which will serve as an oil reserve for the subsequent return stretching energy absorption. The oil entering the second oil chamber 602 pushes the oil-gas isolation piston 7 to compress the gas chamber 605, storing the recovery kinetic energy for the entire buffer energy absorption device. At the same time, as the compression stroke increases, the number of the first damping channels 801 on the throttle rod 16 located inside the first oil chamber 601 gradually decreases, and the compression damping effect provided by the buffer structure gradually increases. Even if the external impact speed gradually decreases, the energy absorption capacity of the gas-liquid buffer in the second half of the compression can be ensured.

[0086] Stretching energy absorption process: When the gas-liquid buffer is stretched by external force, first, after the plunger 4 is compressed, under the action of the pressure of the air chamber 604, the oil-gas isolation piston 7 moves to the right, pushing the oil in the second oil chamber 602 back to the first oil chamber 601, and then pushing the plunger 4 to move to the left to recover. In this process, the one-way valve 3 is closed, and the oil in the third oil chamber 603 flows back to the first oil chamber 601 through the second damping channel 802 (the second damping channel on the left side of the plunger end cover 5), the gap channel 605, and the second damping channel 802 (the second damping channel on the right side of the plunger end cover 5). The second damping channel 802 (the second damping channel on the right side of the plunger end cover 5) has the function of hindering the rapid rebound of the plunger 4. When the plunger 4 recovers to a certain speed, the damping effect brought by the second damping channel 802 will decelerate the recovery plunger and absorb the rebound energy during the return stretching process. At the same time, as the return stretching stroke increases, the number of the second damping channels 802 located between the plunger end cover 5 and the end nut 9 gradually decreases, and the stretching damping effect provided by the buffer structure gradually increases. Even if the recovery speed of the plunger 4 gradually decreases, the energy absorption capacity of the gas-liquid buffer in the second half of the stretching can be ensured.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable damping gas-liquid buffer, characterized in that: include: Cylinder: including a closed end and an open end, and a cylinder cavity is formed between the closed end and the open end; Liner pipe: installed in the cylinder cavity, the two ends of the liner pipe are attached to the inner wall of the cylinder cavity, and a gap liquid cavity is formed between the middle part between the two ends of the liner pipe and the inner wall of the cylinder cavity; The plunger assembly comprises a plunger and a plunger end cover, wherein the plunger end cover is installed in the cylinder cavity, and its outer wall fits the inner wall of the inner liner tube, and a first liquid cavity is formed between the plunger end cover and the closed end of the cylinder; the plunger is inserted in the cylinder cavity and is sealed with the open end of the cylinder, and comprises a closed end and an open end, and its open end is connected to the plunger end cover, and the plunger end cover seals the open end of the plunger; the plunger is a cylindrical structure, and a plunger cavity is formed, a piston is arranged inside the plunger cavity, a second liquid cavity is formed between the piston and the plunger end cover, and an air cavity is formed between the piston and the closed end of the plunger; there is a gap between the outer peripheral wall of the plunger and the inner wall of the inner liner tube, forming a third liquid cavity; The throttle rod is cylindrical, with the first end being an open end, and the second end opposite to the first end being mounted on the cylinder body to form a closed end; the throttle rod is partially located in the first liquid chamber, and the open end thereof is inserted into the second liquid chamber through a through hole provided on the plunger; A fluid channel is arranged on the plunger end cover, connecting the second liquid chamber and the third liquid chamber; a plurality of first damping fluid through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the throttle rod, and a plurality of second damping fluid through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the inner liner tube.

2. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided on the fluid passage of the plunger end cover, and the one-way valve is configured to open when the pressure of the first liquid chamber is greater than the pressure of the third liquid chamber.

3. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cylinder body corresponding to the middle part between the two ends of the inner liner tube forms a groove toward the outer wall of the cylinder body relative to the inner wall of the cylinder body corresponding to the two ends of the inner liner tube, and a gap liquid cavity is formed between the middle part of the inner liner tube and the groove.

4. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The second damping fluid through hole is located in the middle of the liner tube.

5. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger end cover is cylindrical, and the plunger is inserted into the cylindrical groove of the plunger end cover; the open end of the plunger is provided with an external thread, and an internal nut is installed along the external thread, and the internal nut fits the open end of the cylindrical groove of the plunger end cover.

6. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular gasket is arranged between the inner nut and the plunger end cover, and the inner nut, the annular gasket and the plunger end cover are connected via a fixing piece.

7. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular gasket is annular and is sleeved on the outside of the plunger; The inner nut comprises a main body section and a slot section, the main body section of the inner nut has a uniform thickness, and the slot section is contracted toward the axial inner side relative to the end surface of the main body section in the axial direction, forming a thickness thinner than that of the main body section; The annular gasket includes a main body section and a platform section. The main body section of the annular gasket can fit the end surface of the main body section of the inner nut, and the platform section can be inserted into the slot section. The fixing piece connects the slot section and the platform section.

8. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end nut is provided at the open end of the cylinder body, and the end nut closes the gap between the plunger and the open end of the cylinder body.

9. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed end of the cylinder body is provided with a hinged ring, or a snap-fit ​​joint, so that the cylinder body can be adapted to be connected to the first vehicle body.

10. The variable damping gas-liquid buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed end of the plunger is provided with a hinged ring, or a snap-fit ​​joint, so that the plunger can be adapted to be connected to the second vehicle body.

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