Micro-power active shock absorber

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-power active shock absorber, and belongs to the technical field related to shock absorption. Comprising a vibration exciter, a signal processor and a sensor. The vibration exciter is arranged on the machine body through a spring in a suspension manner; the machine body is mounted on equipment to be damped; the vibration exciter is a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system; the sensor obtains the vibration frequency, the phase and the amplitude of the vibration-damped equipment; the signal processor acquires a signal of the sensor and controls the vibration exciter to vibrate; the vibration generated by the vibration exciter and the vibration of the vibration-damped equipment are the same in frequency and opposite in phase. According to the micro-power active shock absorber, the micro-power driver is adopted, vibration of the vibration guide block is accurately controlled, a vibration exciter is excited to resonate, large vibration force is generated to counteract vibration of equipment subjected to shock absorption, and therefore the shock absorption effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field related to vibration reduction, and in particular relates to a micro-power active vibration reducer. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical engineering, vibration control is a key technical challenge. Vibration problems are common in various mechanical equipment. It not only affects the stability and operating efficiency of the equipment, but also may cause a series of problems such as structural fatigue, noise pollution and reduced precision. The existence of these problems will not only shorten the service life of the equipment and increase maintenance costs, but also pose a threat to the health and safety of operators. Therefore, the development of effective vibration reduction technology is crucial to improving the performance and reliability of mechanical equipment.

[0003] Traditional vibration absorbers usually use passive vibration reduction technology, such as using springs, dampers and other components to absorb and isolate vibrations. Although these methods can reduce vibrations to a certain extent, they usually have some limitations: passive vibration absorbers are often difficult to accurately control the excitation frequency and phase, which means that they cannot effectively reduce vibrations at specific vibration frequencies, resulting in unsatisfactory vibration reduction effects.

[0004] In order to overcome these limitations, it becomes necessary to develop a new type of micro-dynamic active vibration absorber. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a micro-power active vibration absorber to solve the technical problem that the traditional vibration absorber may not be able to effectively control the vibration at a specific frequency and has a poor vibration reduction effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A micro-dynamic active vibration absorber, comprising a vibration exciter, a signal processor, and a sensor;

[0008] The exciter is arranged on the machine body in a spring suspension manner; the machine body is mounted on the vibration-damped equipment;

[0009] The exciter is a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system;

[0010] The sensor acquires the vibration frequency, phase and amplitude of the vibration-damped device;

[0011] The signal processor acquires the signal from the sensor and controls the vibration of the exciter; the vibration generated by the exciter has the same frequency as the vibration of the vibration-damped device and an opposite phase.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, the exciter is provided with a driver and a vibration guide block which is driven by the driver to perform reciprocating motion.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, the machine body includes two mounting plates;

[0014] The mounting plates are connected to each other via mounting shafts;

[0015] The exciter is movably mounted on the mounting shaft through a sliding hole arranged on the side and can slide on the mounting shaft;

[0016] The side of the exciter is provided with a guide shaft in the same vibration direction as the exciter; both ends of the guide shaft are slidably arranged in the guide holes of the corresponding mounting plate; both ends of the guide shaft are sleeved with springs, and the springs are located between the mounting plate and the guide holes.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, the sliding holes are distributed in a ring array on the side wall of the exciter.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, the mounting holes are distributed in a ring array on the side wall of the exciter.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above solution, the sliding holes and the mounting holes are staggeredly distributed on the side wall of the exciter.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, a movable hole is provided on the mounting plate for movement of the vibrator; and the mounting shaft and the guide shaft are distributed around the movable hole.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above solution, a hole connected to the vibration-damped device is provided on the machine body.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above solution, the sensor is arranged on the vibration-damped device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] ① The present invention uses a small power to excite the resonance of the exciter, generating a large reaction force to offset the vibration of the host. The present invention uses a micro-power driver to accurately control the vibration of the vibration guide block, excite the resonance of the exciter to generate a large vibration force to offset the vibration of the vibration-damped equipment, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect.

[0025] ② The present invention is an active vibration damper, that is, the target is very clear, and it only targets the vibration of a certain frequency band of the equipment to be damped. It can clearly identify and dampen the vibration at a specific vibration frequency, thereby improving the vibration damping effect.

[0026] ③ The excitation frequency and phase are controlled. The present invention can accurately control the frequency and phase of the exciter to match the vibration characteristics of the vibration-damped equipment and achieve effective vibration cancellation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1It is a top view of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-section view at AA in the middle.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-section view at the middle BB.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the machine body in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a first installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a second installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a third installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. vibration guide block; 2. driver; 3. exciter; 4. spring; 5. body; 6. signal processor; 7. sensor; 8. guide shaft; 9. mounting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The description in this section is only exemplary and explanatory and should not have any limiting effect on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the specific scheme of this embodiment is: a micro-dynamic active vibration absorber, including an exciter 3, a signal processor 6, and a sensor 7;

[0037] The exciter 3 is suspended on a machine body 5 through a spring 4; the machine body 5 is installed on the vibration-damped equipment;

[0038] The exciter 3 is a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system; a driver 2 and a vibration guide block 1 driven by the driver 2 to perform reciprocating motion are arranged in the exciter 3 .

[0039] The sensor 7 acquires the vibration frequency, phase and amplitude of the vibration-damped equipment;

[0040] The signal processor 6 obtains the signal from the sensor 7 and controls the vibration of the vibration exciter 3; the vibration generated by the vibration exciter 3 has the same frequency as the vibration of the vibration-damped device, but has an opposite phase.

[0041] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the machine body 5 includes two mounting plates; the lower mounting plate and the side plate in the machine body 5 are an integrated structure;

[0042] The mounting plates are connected to each other via mounting shafts 9;

[0043] The exciter 3 is movably mounted on the mounting shaft 9 through a sliding hole arranged on the side, and can slide on the mounting shaft 9;

[0044] A guide shaft 8 with the same vibration direction as the exciter 3 is arranged on the side of the exciter 3; both ends of the guide shaft 8 are slidably arranged in the guide holes of the corresponding mounting plate; both ends of the guide shaft 8 are sleeved with springs 4, and the springs 4 are located between the mounting plate and the guide holes.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the sliding holes are distributed on the side wall of the exciter 3 in a ring array.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the mounting holes are distributed in a circular array on the side wall of the exciter 3 .

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the sliding holes and the mounting holes are staggeredly distributed on the side wall of the exciter 3.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, a movable hole is provided on the mounting plate for movement of the vibrator 3; the mounting shaft 9 and the guide shaft 8 are distributed around the movable hole.

[0049] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, a hole connected to the vibration-damped device is provided on the machine body 5 for installing the vibration absorber.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the sensor 7 is arranged on the vibration-damped device to acquire signals.

[0051] The specific working principle of the present invention is:

[0052] There are two vibration waves in the same direction:

[0053] x1=A1e iwx

[0054] x2=A2e i(wx+φ )

[0055] Composite vibration x = x1 + x2

[0056] Where: x1 and x2 are the displacements of the damped equipment and the micro-dynamic damper respectively; A1 and A2 are the displacements of the damped equipment and the micro-dynamic damper respectively.

[0057] The amplitude of the vibration of the dynamic shock absorber; w is the vibration frequency; φ is the phase difference between the two vibrations.

[0058] Resultant amplitude

[0059] It is obvious that the amplitude A of the composite vibration depends on the amplitudes A1, A2 of the respective vibrations and the phase difference φ.

[0060] When the phase difference φ=0°, the composite amplitude A=A1+A2.

[0061] When the phase difference φ=180°, the composite amplitude A=A1-A2.

[0062] In order to achieve the vibration reduction effect, a vibration with a natural frequency w0 equal to the frequency w of the device to be reduced (i.e. w0=w) is artificially added to the device that needs vibration reduction, and the phase difference φ between the vibration of the additional vibration device and the vibration of the device is close to 180°.

[0063] The signal processor 6 converts the signal of the sensor 7 and transmits it to the exciter 3, so that the exciter 3 generates vibration with the same vibration frequency and opposite phase as the vibration-damped equipment. The exciter 3 is provided with a driver 2 and a vibration guide block 1. Under the control of the signal processor 6, the driver 2 drives the vibration guide block 1 to generate an excitation force F=F0e at the required excitation frequency w=w0, the vibration wave phase φ and the force amplitude F0. iwt Push the exciter 3 to X2 = A2e i(wt+φ )'s vibration wave resonance.

[0064] The exciter includes a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system composed of a spring with a natural frequency of w0=w, which performs simple harmonic vibration under the action of thrust. Since w0=w, the resonant vibration energy of the exciter increases, and since the phase difference between the vibration generated by the exciter system and the vibration of the equipment that needs to be reduced is φ=180°, when the phase difference is φ=180° in the same direction and frequency, the composite amplitude of the two vibration waves is reduced, achieving the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0065] When installing, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the micro-dynamic active vibration damper can be installed under the vibration dampened equipment as required. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the active dynamic vibration absorber can be installed above the equipment to be damped. Figure 7 As shown, the active dynamic vibration absorber can be installed on the side of the equipment to be damped.

[0066] Example:

[0067] For example, a device has 4 support points:

[0068] It is known that the vibration acceleration level of the vibration reduction device La = 136dB, the mass of the vibration reduction device m = 325kg, and the motor speed of the vibration reduction device n = 1000rpm;

[0069] The vibration acceleration level allowed by the vibration reduction equipment is [La] = 129dB. This solution uses a micro-dynamic active vibration reducer for vibration reduction:

[0070] According to the motor speed:

[0071] frequency Angular velocity Angular velocity squared

[0072] Because the vibration acceleration level is: The reference acceleration a0 = 10 -6 m / s 2

[0073] The acceleration of the equipment support point can be calculated

[0074] Displacement of the support point

[0075] So the vibration power N = mgBw = 325 × 9.8 × 6.1 × 10 -4 ×102=198W

[0076] Now we need to find out how much power is needed to offset the vibration of the equipment being damped:

[0077] According to the permissible vibration acceleration level [La] = 129dB, we can obtain:

[0078] Allowable acceleration

[0079] Allowable displacement

[0080] Allowable power [N] = mg [B] w = 325 × 9.8 × 2.72 × 10 -4 *102=88.5W

[0081] Therefore, the power required for vibration reduction is ΔN=N-[N]=198-88.5=110W, which can offset the vibration of the equipment to be reduced.

[0082] A micro-power active shock absorber with a power greater than 110W is now needed to reduce vibration.

[0083] It is known that the mass of the exciter is M1 = 36 kg;

[0084] The displacement of the exciter is B1 = 0.0032m;

[0085] The power that the exciter can generate is N1=M1gB1w=36×9.8×0.0032×102=115W>(110W), which can meet the requirements.

[0086] The excitation force required by the exciter can be derived from the amplitude formula of the forced vibration caused by the simple harmonic excitation force:

[0087]

[0088] Where: P1 is the required exciting force, in N; B1 is the amplitude of the exciter, in m; w0 is the natural frequency of the exciter spring system, in w is the driver exciting force frequency, unit is α is the damping coefficient, in

[0089] Derive the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] And because w0=w

[0092] So P1=B1M12αw

[0093] Therefore, the exciting force required by the device is P1 = B1M12αw = 0.0032 × 36 × 2 × 0.5 × 102 = 12N

[0094] It is known that the displacement of the vibration guide block is B2 = 0.0032m;

[0095] Since the force P1 is generated by the driver driving the vibration guide block, the power required by the driver is:

[0096]

[0097] The ratio of consumed power to required power is Approximately 4%.

[0098] So it is called micro power.

[0099] Considering that the plane position of the host vibration force F is not necessarily at the geometric center, when the mass of the micro-dynamic active shock absorber is not in a straight line with the host F, torque will be generated, so it is usually decomposed into four sets, one at each support point.

[0100] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms include, contain or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation of the technical solution of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. The above is only a preferred implementation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements, modifications or changes can be made, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the invention to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-dynamic active vibration absorber, characterized in that: It includes an exciter (3), a signal processor (6), and a sensor (7); The vibration exciter (3) is suspended on a machine body (5) via a spring (4); the machine body (5) is mounted on the vibration-damped equipment; The vibration exciter (3) is a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system; The sensor (7) acquires the vibration frequency, phase and amplitude of the vibration-damped equipment; The signal processor (6) acquires the signal from the sensor (7) and controls the vibration of the vibration exciter (3); the vibration generated by the vibration exciter (3) has the same frequency as the vibration of the vibration-damped device and has an opposite phase.

2. A micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrator (3) is provided with a driver (2) and a vibration guide block (1) driven by the driver (2) to perform reciprocating motion.

3. A micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body (5) comprises two mounting plates; The mounting plates are connected to each other via mounting shafts (9); The vibration exciter (3) is movably mounted on the mounting shaft (9) through a sliding hole arranged on the side, and can slide on the mounting shaft (9); A guide shaft (8) having the same vibration direction as the exciter (3) is arranged on the side of the exciter (3); both ends of the guide shaft (8) are slidably arranged in the guide holes of the corresponding mounting plate; and springs (4) are sleeved on both ends of the guide shaft (8), and the springs (4) are located between the mounting plate and the guide holes.

4. A micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding holes are distributed in a ring array on the side wall of the vibrator (3).

5. The micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting holes are distributed in a ring array on the side wall of the vibrator (3).

6. The micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding holes and the mounting holes are distributed alternately on the side wall of the vibration exciter (3).

7. The micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting plate is provided with an active hole for the movement of the vibrator (3); the mounting shaft (9) and the guide shaft (8) are distributed around the active hole.

8. The micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body (5) is provided with a hole connected to the vibration-damped equipment.

9. The micro-dynamic active vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor (7) is arranged on the vibration-damped equipment.

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