Biomass fuel burner

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of biomass combustors, in particular to a biomass fuel combustor which comprises a base, a shell, a combustion furnace, a hopper, a feeding auger and an air blower, a feeding pipe is arranged between the feeding auger and the combustion furnace, a ventilation pipe is arranged at the tail end of the air blower and the tail end of the feeding pipe, a flame nozzle is arranged on one side of the combustion furnace, and a grate is arranged in the combustion furnace. A driving assembly is arranged at the lower end of the combustion furnace, an ash baffle is connected to the inner wall of the combustion furnace, an ash outlet is formed in one side of the combustion furnace, an ash discharging auger and an ash storage box are arranged in the shell, an induced draft fan is arranged in the shell, and an exhaust port is formed in the side wall of the feeding auger; and a filter screen is arranged at the exhaust port. According to the boiler ash drying device, automatic discharging of the boiler ash can be achieved, fuel can be dried through waste heat of the boiler ash, water in the fuel is reduced, and the situation that the water content in the fuel is too large, and slag and tar are attached during combustion is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biomass burners, in particular to a biomass fuel burner. Background Art

[0002] Biomass burner is a device that converts biomass energy into thermal energy. It generates high-temperature thermal energy by burning organic matter such as wood and crop residues. It is widely used in heating, power generation and industrial production. This burner is environmentally friendly and can effectively reduce the use of fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

[0003] A Chinese invention patent with announcement number CN109442394B discloses a biomass burner and a biomass combustion method, including a furnace body, a combustion chamber, a combustion chamber fire outlet, a feeding device and a blower; the biomass combustion method is to design the feed port to be placed directly above the combustion chamber to directly receive heat and drop materials, control the feeding when the combustion chamber is at a high temperature, and not feed when the combustion chamber is at a low temperature; so that the coverage of the biomass fuel is more evenly distributed on the grate.

[0004] However, the above patent still has the following shortcomings in actual use: 1. It cannot automatically discharge slag, so the equipment needs to be shut down regularly to discharge slag during operation, which affects the use of the equipment. 2. It cannot use the residual heat of ash to dry the fuel, which on the one hand causes waste heat, and on the other hand, it is easy to cause the fuel to have a high water content, thereby generating slag and tar in the combustion chamber and adhering to the furnace. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to realize automatic slag discharge while recovering and utilizing waste heat to dry the fuel.

[0006] The present invention provides a biomass fuel burner, comprising a base and an outer shell, a combustion furnace, a hopper, a feeding dragon and a blower arranged on the base, a feeding pipe is arranged between the feeding dragon and the combustion furnace, the blower is located in the outer shell and ventilation pipes are arranged at the ends of the blower and the feeding pipe, a flame nozzle is arranged on one side of the combustion furnace, a grate is arranged in the combustion furnace, an air inlet is fixedly arranged below the grate, the air inlet opening is upward and the opening is toward the middle of the grate, a deashing plate is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the air inlet, the horizontal height of the upper end of the deashing plate gradually decreases from the side close to the air inlet to the side close to the inner wall of the combustion furnace, and the lower end of the combustion furnace A driving assembly for driving the deashing disk to rotate is provided, an ash baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion furnace, the lower end of the ash baffle is fitted with the deashing disk, the combustion furnace is provided with an ash outlet on the side where the angle between the ash baffle and the combustion furnace is smaller, an ash discharge dragon and an ash storage box are provided in the outer shell, the inlet of the ash discharge dragon is connected to the ash outlet by a pipe, the outlet of the ash discharge dragon is connected to the ash storage box by a pipe, an induced draft fan is provided in the outer shell, the air inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the upper part of the ash storage box, the air outlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the middle part of the feeding dragon, and an upwardly arranged exhaust port is provided on the side wall of the feeding dragon close to its inlet, and a filter is provided at the exhaust port.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a driving motor, a reducer, a connecting shaft, a driving gear and a rotating gear ring. The driving motor and the reducer are located at the bottom of the combustion furnace. The connecting shaft passes through the bottom of the combustion furnace and is rotatably connected to the combustion furnace. One end of the connecting shaft is connected to the output end of the driving motor through a connector. The driving gear is arranged at the other end of the connecting shaft. The rotating gear ring is arranged below the deashing tray, and the rotating gear ring is meshed with the driving gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the angle between the side wall and the bottom of the air inlet tube is rounded.

[0009] Furthermore, a ventilation duct is provided between the air outlet of the blower and the lower part of the air inlet cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a partition is provided at the inner upper end of the ash storage box, and the connection point between the induced draft fan and the ash storage box and the connection point between the outlet of the ash discharge dragon and the ash storage box are respectively located on both sides of the partition.

[0011] Furthermore, the flame nozzle includes a shell and an inner tank, the inner tank is arranged in the shell and an oxygen-passing gap for secondary oxygen supply is left between the two, a plurality of connectors connected to the oxygen-passing gap are provided on the side wall of the shell, the connectors are connected to the air outlet of the blower through a pipeline, and a wind direction guide is provided at the front end of the inner tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind direction guide includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is arranged in the middle of the outer ring and a plurality of guide blades are evenly distributed between the two, the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring is consistent with the oxygen gap, and the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring gradually shrinks toward the axis, and all the guide blades are spirally arranged in the same direction.

[0013] Furthermore, one side of the ash storage box extends to the outside of the shell and a ash cleaning door is provided on this side of the ash storage box.

[0014] Furthermore, a slag discharge pipe is provided at one end of the ventilation duct close to the air inlet cylinder, and a three-way valve is provided at the connection between the slag discharge pipe and the ventilation duct.

[0015] Furthermore, the flame nozzle is connected to the combustion furnace via screws.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The present invention can not only realize automatic discharge of ash, but also recycle the waste heat of ash. The waste heat of ash is used to dry fuel, which can reduce the moisture in fuel and avoid the situation that slag and tar adhere to the fuel due to excessive water content during combustion.

[0018] 2. The present invention utilizes a wind direction guide to mix the secondary oxygen supply with the combustion gas well, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the combustion furnace of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A partial diagram of a combustion furnace in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6This is a disassembled diagram of the flame nozzle of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ash storage box in the present invention.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1, base; 2, housing; 3, combustion furnace; 4, hopper; 5, feeding dragon; 6, blower; 7, feeding pipe; 8, ventilation pipe; 9, flame nozzle; 10, grate; 11, air inlet tube; 12, deashing tray; 13, driving assembly; 131, driving motor; 132, reducer; 133, connecting shaft; 134, driving gear; 135, rotating gear ring; 14, stop Ash plate; 15. Ash outlet; 16. Ash discharge dragon; 17. Ash storage box; 18. induced draft fan; 19. Filter; 20. Ventilation duct; 21. Partition; 221. Shell; 222. Inner liner; 223. Oxygen gap; 224. Connector; 225. Wind direction guide; 23. Inner ring; 24. Outer ring; 25. Guide blades; 26. Ash cleaning door; 27. Slag discharge pipe; 28. Three-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0029] In this embodiment, if Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a biomass fuel burner includes a base 1 and a shell 2, a combustion furnace 3, a hopper 4, a feeding dragon 5 and a blower 6 arranged on the base 1. A feeding pipe 7 is provided between the feeding dragon 5 and the combustion furnace 3. The blower 6 is located in the shell 2 and a ventilation pipe 8 is provided at the end of the blower 6 and the feeding pipe 7. A flame nozzle 9 is provided on one side of the combustion furnace 3, and a grate 10 is provided in the combustion furnace 3. The above is the prior art (for example, the combustion furnace 3 is also provided with an observation hole, a cleaning furnace door, etc.), and its details are not further described here.

[0030] Reference Figure 4 As shown, an air inlet 11 is fixedly provided below the grate 10, and the air inlet 11 opens upward and toward the middle of the grate 10. The purpose of this arrangement is to convert all the wind entering the combustion furnace 3 into a vertical upward flow through the air inlet 11, and concentrate the airflow in the middle, and the edge is used for ash discharge to avoid the air supply here affecting the ash discharge process.

[0031] In order to prevent too much ash from falling into the air inlet 11, a ventilation duct 20 is provided between the air outlet of the blower 6 and the lower part of the air inlet 11. The angle between the side wall and the bottom of the air inlet 11 is rounded. When the air is blown into the air inlet 11, the ash will also fly out of the air inlet 11 along the rounded angle along the air flow. It can be seen that the rounded angle treatment here is to facilitate the air flow to bring the ash out of the air inlet 11, so as to ensure the long-term operation of the equipment.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in order to realize automatic ash cleaning of the furnace and utilize the waste heat of the furnace ash to dry the fuel, a deashing plate 12 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the air inlet cylinder 11, and the horizontal height of the upper end of the deashing plate 12 gradually decreases from the side close to the air inlet cylinder 11 to the side close to the inner wall of the combustion furnace 3. The lower end of the combustion furnace 3 is provided with a driving component 13 for driving the deashing plate 12 to rotate, and the inner wall of the combustion furnace 3 is fixedly connected with an ash baffle 14, the lower end of the ash baffle 14 is in contact with the deashing plate 12, and the combustion furnace 3 is at an angle between the ash baffle 14 and the combustion furnace 3. An ash outlet 15 is provided on the smaller side, an ash discharge dragon 16 and an ash storage box 17 are provided in the housing 2, the inlet of the ash discharge dragon 16 is connected to the ash outlet 15 through a pipeline, the outlet of the ash discharge dragon 16 is connected to the ash storage box 17 through a pipeline, an induced draft fan 18 is provided in the housing 2, the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 18 is connected to the upper part of the ash storage box 17, and the air outlet end of the induced draft fan 18 is connected to the middle part of the feeding dragon 5, and an upwardly arranged exhaust port is provided on the side wall of the feeding dragon 5 near its inlet, and a filter screen 19 is provided at the exhaust port. Figure 5 During automatic ash cleaning, the deashing plate 12 is driven to rotate by the driving assembly 13. When the ash on the deashing plate 12 passes through the ash baffle plate 14, it will be intercepted by the ash baffle plate 14. At the same time, it will move along the ash baffle plate 14 to the ash outlet 15, and finally be discharged through the ash outlet 15, and then enter the ash storage box 17 through the ash discharge dragon 16. At this time, the induced draft fan 18 works to lead the hot air on the upper layer of the ash storage box 17 into the loading dragon 5, and move in the opposite direction along the loading dragon 5, and finally come out through the exhaust port. On the one hand, the fuel is dried by the hot air, and on the other hand, the water vapor in the fuel is taken away by the flow of air. The present invention can not only realize the automatic discharge of ash, but also recycle the waste heat of ash. The waste heat of ash is used to dry the fuel, which can reduce the moisture in the fuel and avoid the situation where the water content in the fuel is too high and slag and tar are attached during combustion.

[0033] Specifically, the driving assembly 13 includes a driving motor 131, a reducer 132, a connecting shaft 133, a driving gear 134 and a rotating gear ring 135. The driving motor 131 and the reducer 132 are located at the bottom of the combustion furnace 3. The connecting shaft 133 passes through the bottom of the combustion furnace 3 and is rotatably connected to the combustion furnace 3. One end of the connecting shaft 133 is connected to the output end of the driving motor 131 through a connector. The driving gear 134 is arranged at the other end of the connecting shaft 133. The rotating gear ring 135 is arranged below the deashing tray 12, and the rotating gear ring 135 is meshed with the driving gear 134. During operation, the driving motor 131 drives the connecting shaft 133 to rotate, the connecting shaft 133 drives the driving gear 134 to rotate, and the driving gear 134 drives the rotating gear ring 135 to rotate, thereby driving the deashing tray 12 to rotate, thereby realizing the automatic deashing steps described above.

[0034] In addition, the drive assembly 13 in the present invention does not work continuously, but can work intermittently, so that the ash in the combustion furnace 3 accumulates to a certain extent before working, thereby avoiding idling of the drive assembly 13 and reducing energy consumption.

[0035] Specifically, a partition 21 is provided at the upper end of the ash storage box 17, and the connection point between the induced draft fan 18 and the ash storage box 17 and the connection point between the outlet of the ash discharge dragon 16 and the ash storage box 17 are respectively located on both sides of the partition 21. This design can prevent the ash that has just entered the ash storage box 17 and is still floating from being sucked into the induced draft fan 18, and the partition 21 is arranged between the two to allow the ash that has just entered the ash storage box 17 to settle.

[0036] Reference Figure 6The flame nozzle 9 includes a shell 221 and an inner liner 222. The inner liner 222 is arranged in the shell 221 and an oxygen gap 223 for secondary oxygen supply is left between the two. A plurality of connectors 224 connected to the oxygen gap 223 are provided on the side wall of the shell 221. The connectors 224 are connected to the air outlet of the blower 6 through a pipeline. The structure of the flame nozzle 9 is the prior art, and the specific details are not repeated here. The difference is that a wind direction guide 225 is provided at the front end of the inner liner 222. The wind direction guide 225 includes an inner ring 23 and an outer ring 24. The inner ring 23 is arranged in the middle of the outer ring 24 and a plurality of guide blades 25 are evenly distributed between the two. The gap between the inner ring 23 and the outer ring 24 coincides with the oxygen gap 223, and the gap between the inner ring 23 and the outer ring 24 gradually shrinks toward the axis, and all guide blades 25 are spirally arranged in the same direction. The gap between the inner ring 23 and the outer ring 24 gradually shrinks toward the axis and all the guide blades 25 are spirally arranged in the same direction, so that the gas of the secondary oxygen supply can flow to the middle and can perform a certain spiral rotation. In the prior art, there is no wind direction guide 225 at the front end of the conventional flame nozzle 9. Therefore, when working, the periphery of the flame can be in good contact with the secondary oxygen supply and burn fully, but the middle part cannot be effectively contacted with the secondary oxygen supply, which leads to insufficient combustion in the middle part. On the one hand, it will cause a waste of energy, and on the other hand, the escaped gas will also have a certain impact on the working environment. After using the wind direction guide 225, the secondary oxygen supply will be well mixed with the combustion gas to improve the combustion efficiency.

[0037] Of course, the use of the wind direction guide 225 can be designed according to actual needs. Different wind direction guides 225 can gradually shrink the gap between the inner ring 23 and the outer ring 24 toward the axis to different degrees and all guide blades 25 have different spiral angles in the same direction to meet different needs.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 One side of the ash storage box 17 extends to the outside of the housing 2 and a cleaning door 26 is provided on the side of the ash storage box 17. After the cleaning door 26 is opened, the ash in the ash storage box 17 can be processed.

[0039] Specifically, a slag discharge pipe 27 is provided at one end of the ventilation duct 20 close to the air inlet tube 11, and a three-way valve 28 is provided at the connection between the slag discharge pipe 27 and the ventilation duct 20. In actual use, furnace ash will inevitably remain in the air inlet tube 11, and the air inlet tube 11 is designed to open upward, which is not convenient for cleaning. Therefore, the three-way valve 28 and the slag discharge pipe 27 are provided. During cleaning, the opening of the slag discharge pipe 27 is controlled by the three-way valve 28, and the air inlet tube 11 is flushed with a high-pressure water gun. The sewage can be discharged directly along the slag discharge pipe 27, thereby avoiding the structural design of the air inlet tube 11 in the present invention affecting its cleaning.

[0040] Specifically, the flame nozzle is connected to the combustion furnace via screws.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel burner, comprising a base (1) and a shell (2) arranged on the base (1), a combustion furnace (3), a hopper (4), a feeding dragon (5) and a blower (6), wherein a feeding pipe (7) is arranged between the feeding dragon (5) and the combustion furnace (3), the blower (6) is located in the shell (2) and a ventilation pipe (8) is arranged at the ends of the blower (6) and the feeding pipe (7), and a flame nozzle (9) is arranged on one side of the combustion furnace (3), characterized in that: The combustion furnace (3) is provided with a grate (10), an air inlet pipe (11) is fixedly provided below the grate (10), the air inlet pipe (11) opens upward and toward the middle of the grate (10), a deashing plate (12) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the air inlet pipe (11), the horizontal height of the upper end of the deashing plate (12) gradually decreases from the side close to the air inlet pipe (11) to the side close to the inner wall of the combustion furnace (3), a driving component (13) for driving the deashing plate (12) to rotate is provided at the lower end of the combustion furnace (3), an ash baffle plate (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion furnace (3), the lower end of the ash baffle plate (14) is in contact with the deashing plate (12), and the combustion furnace ( 3) An ash outlet (15) is provided on the side where the angle between the ash baffle plate (14) and the combustion furnace (3) is smaller, an ash discharge dragon (16) and an ash storage box (17) are provided in the housing (2), the inlet of the ash discharge dragon (16) is connected to the ash outlet (15) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the ash discharge dragon (16) is connected to the ash storage box (17) through a pipeline, an induced draft fan (18) is provided in the housing (2), the air inlet end of the induced draft fan (18) is connected to the upper part of the ash storage box (17), and the air outlet end of the induced draft fan (18) is connected to the middle part of the feeding dragon (5), and an upwardly arranged exhaust port is provided on the side wall of the feeding dragon (5) near its inlet, and a filter screen (19) is provided at the exhaust port.

2. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (13) comprises a driving motor (131), a reducer (132), a connecting shaft (133), a driving gear (134) and a rotating gear ring (135); the driving motor (131) and the reducer (132) are located at the bottom of the combustion furnace (3); the connecting shaft (133) passes through the bottom of the combustion furnace (3), and the connecting shaft (133) is rotatably connected to the combustion furnace (3); one end of the connecting shaft (133) is connected to the output end of the driving motor (131) through a connector; the driving gear (134) is arranged at the other end of the connecting shaft (133); the rotating gear ring (135) is arranged below the deashing tray (12), and the rotating gear ring (135) is meshed with the driving gear (134).

3. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the side wall and the bottom of the air inlet cylinder (11) is rounded.

4. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ventilation duct (20) is provided between the air outlet of the blower (6) and the lower part of the air inlet cylinder (11).

5. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (21) is provided at the inner upper end of the ash storage box (17), and the connection point between the induced draft fan (18) and the ash storage box (17) and the connection point between the outlet of the ash discharge dragon (16) and the ash storage box (17) are respectively located on both sides of the partition (21).

6. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame spray head (9) comprises a shell (221) and an inner shell (222); the inner shell (222) is arranged in the shell (221) and an oxygen-passing gap (223) for secondary oxygen supply is left between the two; a plurality of connectors (224) in communication with the oxygen-passing gap (223) are arranged on the side wall of the shell (221); the connectors (224) are in communication with the air outlet of the blower (6) via a pipeline; and a wind direction guide (225) is arranged at the front end of the inner shell (222).

7. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wind direction guide (225) comprises an inner ring (23) and an outer ring (24); the inner ring (23) is arranged in the middle of the outer ring (24) and a plurality of guide blades (25) are evenly distributed between the inner ring (23) and the outer ring (24); the gap between the inner ring (23) and the outer ring (24) coincides with the oxygen-passing gap (223); the gap between the inner ring (23) and the outer ring (24) gradually shrinks toward the axis; and all the guide blades (25) are spirally arranged in the same direction.

8. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the ash storage box (17) extends to the outside of the outer shell (2) and a ash cleaning door (26) is provided on this side of the ash storage box (17).

9. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: A slag discharge pipe (27) is provided at one end of the ventilation pipe (20) close to the air inlet cylinder (11), and a three-way valve (28) is provided at the connection between the slag discharge pipe (27) and the ventilation pipe (20).

10. The biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame spray head (9) is connected to the combustion furnace (3) via screws.

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