A roasting furnace for rare earth waste

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rare earth waste roasting, and discloses a roasting furnace for rare earth waste, including a base, a feed screening assembly, a combustion assembly, a crushing assembly and a preheating assembly; a connecting seat is arranged on the base, a through hole is opened inside the connecting seat and a smoke outlet pipe connected to the through hole is arranged on the top; the feed screening assembly includes a first discharge pipe and a second discharge pipe, and the first discharge pipe is connected to one end of the through hole; the combustion assembly includes a combustion pipe, one end of the combustion pipe is rotatably connected to the other end of the through hole; the crushing assembly includes a shell, a crushing barrel and a crushing ball, and there are filter holes in the crushing barrel along the axial annular array; the preheating assembly includes an evaporation box and a first hot air pipeline, the evaporation box is fitted with the bottom wall of the connecting seat, and the two ends of the first hot air pipeline are respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe and the evaporation box. The present invention reduces the particle volume of rare earth waste so that the rare earth waste can be more fully contacted with oxygen, thereby making the rare earth waste burn more fully.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth waste roasting, and more specifically, to a roasting furnace for rare earth waste. Background Art

[0002] Rare earths are essential raw materials for many high-tech industries, such as information technology, biotechnology, energy technology, and aerospace technology. The waste formed after the use of rare earths contains many heavy metals, which can easily pollute the surrounding land and water sources, so it is usually necessary to roast and recycle the rare earth waste.

[0003] Existing rare earth waste treatment usually uses a rotary kiln for roasting. Due to the uneven particle size of rare earth waste, incomplete combustion is prone to occur when the rare earth waste is burned in a rotary kiln. In addition, the burner is usually set at the head of the rotary kiln, which will cause the temperature at the tail of the kiln to be relatively low, which will also affect the complete combustion of the rare earth waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a roasting furnace for rare earth waste, which solves the technical problem of incomplete combustion of rare earth waste in the related art.

[0005] The present invention provides a roasting furnace for rare earth waste, comprising a base, a connecting seat is arranged on the base, a through hole is opened inside the connecting seat along the length direction of the base, and a smoke outlet pipe connected to the through hole is arranged on the top of the connecting seat; a feed screening component is arranged on the base, and is used to screen the rare earth waste according to the volume size, and the feed screening component comprises: a first discharge pipe and a second discharge pipe, and one end of the first discharge pipe is connected to one end of the through hole; a combustion component is arranged on the base, and is used to burn the screened rare earth waste, and the combustion component comprises: a combustion tube and a first power component, one end of the combustion tube is rotatably connected to the other end of the through hole, the other end of the combustion tube is provided with a burner, and one end of the combustion tube is higher than the other end of the combustion tube end, the first power assembly is used to drive the combustion tube to rotate; a crushing assembly, which is arranged above the first discharge pipe, and is used to crush and convey the remaining rare earth waste in the feed screening assembly, the crushing assembly includes: a shell body connected to the first discharge pipe at the bottom, a crushing barrel rotatably connected to the inside of the shell and connected to the second discharge pipe at one end, crushing balls arranged in the crushing barrel, and a second power assembly, the crushing barrel has a plurality of filter holes in an axial annular array, and the second power assembly is used to drive the crushing barrel to rotate; a preheating assembly, the preheating assembly includes: an evaporator and a first hot air pipe, the evaporator is arranged on a side of the base close to the connecting seat, and is in contact with the bottom wall of the connecting seat, and the two ends of the first hot air pipe are respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe and the evaporator.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feed screening assembly also includes: a feed box arranged on the base, a feed port is opened on the top of the feed box, and a filter plate inclined toward the crushing barrel is arranged inside the feed box, and the filter plate divides the feed box into a first chamber connected to the second discharge pipe at the top and a second chamber connected to the other end of the first discharge pipe at the bottom.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first power assembly includes: a first motor, a first ring gear, two first mounting plates, a first transmission shaft and a first gear, the first motor and the two first mounting plates are fixedly connected to the base, the first transmission shaft is rotatably connected between the two first mounting plates, the first gear is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, and the first ring gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the combustion tube and meshes with the first gear.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second power assembly includes: a second motor, a second gear ring and two second mounting plates, the second motor and the two second mounting plates are fixedly connected to the base, one side of the crushing barrel extends to the outside of the shell, and the second gear ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extension of the crushing barrel, a second transmission shaft and a third transmission shaft with axes parallel to each other are rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates, one end of the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, a second gear meshing with the second gear ring is fixedly connected to the third transmission shaft, and a pulley assembly is transmission-connected between the second transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer wall of the crushing barrel is spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell, and an annular baffle plate rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing barrel is provided on both sides of the inner wall of the shell, and the plurality of filter holes are located between the two baffle plates.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of support assemblies are arranged on the side of the two baffle plates away from each other, and the plurality of support assemblies are arranged between the inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the crushing barrel, and the support assembly includes: two mutually parallel support plates fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, a fourth transmission shaft is rotatably connected between the two support plates, and a roller in contact with the outer wall of the crushing barrel is fixedly connected to the fourth transmission shaft.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the support assemblies is at least three, and they are distributed at equal angles in the circumferential direction of the crushing barrel.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of cleaning holes are provided on the top of the shell along the axial direction of the crushing barrel, and the plurality of cleaning holes correspond one-to-one to the plurality of filter holes along the axial direction of the crushing barrel. The roasting furnace for rare earth waste also includes a cleaning component, and the cleaning component selectively cleans the filter holes through the cleaning holes. The cleaning component includes: a mounting frame and a plurality of cleaning rods, and the plurality of cleaning rods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cleaning holes. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the base, and a cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The telescopic end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and the plurality of cleaning rods are all fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the preheating assembly further includes a second hot air pipeline, and two ends of the second hot air pipeline are respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe and the other end of the crushing barrel.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the combustion assembly includes at least one stabilizing frame, which is fixedly connected to the base, and a connecting hole is opened inside the stabilizing frame, and the outer wall of the combustion tube is rotatably connected in the connecting hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention filters rare earth waste by setting a filter plate. Rare earth waste with a smaller volume directly passes through the filter plate and enters the combustion tube from the first discharge pipe for roasting, while rare earth waste with a larger volume enters the crushing barrel for crushing, and then enters the combustion tube from the first discharge pipe for roasting after crushing. In this way, the particle volume of the rare earth waste can be reduced, so that the rare earth waste can be more fully contacted with oxygen, thereby making the rare earth waste burn more fully.

[0017] The present invention arranges an evaporation box on one side close to the connection seat, and uses the first hot air pipe to pass the heat in the smoke outlet pipe into the evaporation box, so that the water evaporates to preheat the rare earth waste in the through hole, thereby reducing the temperature difference on both sides of the combustion tube, which is conducive to the full combustion of the rare earth waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first three-dimensional structure of a roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a first side-view cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of a roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9It is a second side-view cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a rare earth waste roasting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a first side cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 It is a second side-view cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a rare earth waste roasting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 The present invention Fig.11 Enlarged schematic diagram at point D in the middle.

[0030] In the figure: 1, base; 11, connecting seat; 111, through hole; 112, smoke outlet pipe; 2, feed screening assembly; 21, first outlet pipe; 22, second outlet pipe; 23, feed box; 231, feed port; 24, filter plate; 25, first chamber; 26, second chamber; 3, combustion assembly; 31, combustion tube; 32, first power assembly; 321, first motor; 322, first gear ring; 323, first mounting plate; 324, first transmission shaft; 325, first gear; 33, burner; 4, crushing assembly; 41, shell; 411, baffle plate; 412, cleaning hole; 42, powder Crushing barrel; 421, filtering hole; 43, second power assembly; 431, second motor; 432, second gear ring; 433, second mounting plate; 434, second transmission shaft; 435, third transmission shaft; 436, second gear; 437, pulley assembly; 44, crushing ball; 5, preheating assembly; 51, evaporator box; 52, first hot air duct; 53, second hot air duct; 6, supporting assembly; 61, supporting plate; 62, fourth transmission shaft; 63, roller; 7, cleaning assembly; 71, mounting frame; 72, cleaning rod; 73, cylinder; 74, connecting plate; 8, stabilizing frame; 81, connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that the discussion of these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Each example may omit, replace or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described relative to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, a roasting furnace for rare earth waste includes: a base 1, a feed screening component 2, a combustion component 3, a crushing component 4 and a preheating component 5.

[0033] Among them, the base 1 mainly plays the role of installation and support. The feed screening component 2 mainly plays the role of screening, and can screen according to the volume of the rare earth waste. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the feed screening component 2 only performs one screening, which is divided into the screened rare earth waste with a smaller volume and the remaining rare earth waste with a larger volume. The combustion component 3 is mainly used to directly burn the screened rare earth waste with a smaller volume, so that the rare earth waste can be better recycled and utilized. The crushing component 4 is mainly used to crush the remaining rare earth waste with a larger volume and input the crushed rare earth waste into the combustion component 3, so that the volume of the rare earth waste can be reduced, and then the combustion of the rare earth waste can be made more complete. The preheating component 5 is mainly used to preheat the rare earth waste, which is conducive to the full combustion of the rare earth waste.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, a connection base 11 is fixedly connected to the base 1, a through hole 111 is formed inside the connection base 11 along the length direction of the base 1, and a smoke outlet pipe 112 connected to the through hole 111 is arranged on the top of the connection base 11. The connection base 11 mainly serves as a connection. The smoke outlet pipe 112 mainly serves as a smoke outlet, and the smoke outlet pipe 112 can discharge the smoke generated by the combustion process of the rare earth waste.

[0035] In addition, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the feed screening assembly 2 is arranged on the base 1, and is used to screen the rare earth waste according to the volume size. The feed screening assembly 2 includes: a first discharge pipe 21 and a second discharge pipe 22, and one end of the first discharge pipe 21 is connected to one end of the through hole 111. The feed screening assembly 2 also includes a feed box 23 fixedly connected to the base 1, and a feed port 231 is provided on the top of the feed box 23. A filter plate 24 inclined toward the crushing barrel 42 is arranged inside the feed box 23, and the filter plate 24 divides the feed box 23 into a first chamber 25 connected to the second discharge pipe 22 at the top and a second chamber 26 connected to the other end of the first discharge pipe 21 at the bottom. It should be noted that the height of the filter plate 24 close to the crushing barrel 42 is lower than the height of the filter plate 24 away from the crushing barrel 42. Moreover, the bottom of the first chamber 25 is connected to the second discharge pipe 22, and the bottom of the second chamber 26 is connected to the other end of the first discharge pipe 21.

[0036] When in use, firstly, the rare earth waste is put into the feed box 23 from the feed port 231. Under the filtration of the filter plate 24, the rare earth waste with a smaller volume will enter the second chamber 26 and the first discharge pipe 21, and then enter the combustion component 3 from the first discharge pipe 21 for combustion. The rare earth waste with a larger volume will enter the second discharge pipe 22 from the first chamber 25, and then enter the crushing component 4 from the second discharge pipe 22 for crushing. The crushed rare earth waste will fall into the first discharge pipe 21 and enter the combustion component 3 through the first discharge pipe 21 for combustion.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, a vibrator is fixedly connected to the filter plate 24. The use of the vibrator can speed up the filtering speed of the filter plate 24 for rare earth waste, thereby improving the screening speed of the rare earth waste.

[0038] As an optional embodiment, the first discharge pipe 21 is set to an inclined structure, and the height of the first discharge pipe 21 close to the combustion assembly 3 is lower than the height of the first discharge pipe 21 away from the combustion assembly 3. In this way, the rare earth waste with a smaller volume falling into the second chamber 26 can be more easily entered into the combustion assembly 3 through the first discharge pipe 21, thereby reducing the blockage of the rare earth waste.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the crushing assembly 4 is arranged above the first discharge pipe 21, and is used to crush and convey the screened rare earth waste with a larger volume. The crushing assembly 4 includes: a shell 41 whose bottom is connected to the first discharge pipe 21, a crushing barrel 42 rotatably connected inside the shell 41 and connected to the second discharge pipe 22 at one end, a crushing ball 44 arranged in the crushing barrel 42, and a second power assembly 43. There are multiple filter holes 421 in the crushing barrel 42 along the axial annular array, and the second power assembly 43 is used to drive the crushing barrel 42 to rotate. It should be noted that the crushing barrel 42 is a cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end of the crushing barrel 42 is connected to the second discharge pipe 22. The cross-sectional shape of the shell 41 along the length direction is an Ω-shaped structure, and the bottom of the shell 41 is connected to the first discharge pipe 21.

[0040] When in use, larger rare earth waste will enter the interior of the crushing barrel 42 through the second discharge pipe 22 from the open end of the crushing barrel 42, and the second power component 43 will drive the crushing barrel 42 to rotate. During the rotation of the crushing barrel 42, the crushing ball 44 will move upward for a distance with the crushing barrel 42 under the drive of the crushing barrel 42, and then make a parabola to hit the rare earth waste at the bottom of the crushing barrel 42, so that the rare earth waste can be crushed. The crushed rare earth waste will enter the first discharge pipe 21 from the bottom of the shell 41 at the filter hole 421, and then enter the combustion component 3 for combustion.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second power assembly 43 includes a second motor 431, a second gear ring 432 and two second mounting plates 433. The second motor 431 and the two second mounting plates 433 are fixedly connected to the base 1. One side of the crushing barrel 42 extends to the outside of the housing 41, and the second gear ring 432 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extension of the crushing barrel 42. A second transmission shaft 434 and a third transmission shaft 435 with axes parallel to each other are rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates 433. One end of the second transmission shaft 434 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 431. Specifically, one end of the second transmission shaft 434 can be fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 431 through a coupling. A second gear 436 meshing with the second gear ring 432 is fixedly connected to the third transmission shaft 435, and a pulley assembly 437 is transmission-connected between the second transmission shaft 434 and the third transmission shaft 435.

[0042] When in use, start the second motor 431, the second motor 431 will drive the second transmission shaft 434 to rotate, the rotation of the second transmission shaft 434 can drive the third transmission shaft 435 to rotate through the pulley assembly 437, the rotation of the third transmission shaft 435 will drive the second gear 436 to rotate, the rotation of the second gear 436 can drive the crushing barrel 42 to rotate through the cooperation with the second gear ring 432, thereby realizing the crushing of larger rare earth waste.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the outer wall of the crushing barrel 42 is spaced from the inner wall of the shell 41, that is, there is a gap between the outer wall of the crushing barrel 42 and the inner wall of the shell 41. Both sides of the inner wall of the shell 41 are provided with an annular baffle plate 411 that is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing barrel 42, and a plurality of filter holes 421 are located between the two baffle plates 411. The setting of the gap can reduce the clogging of the filter holes 421 by the inner wall of the shell 41, which is conducive to the discharge of rare earth waste. The setting of the baffle plate 411 can make the rare earth waste only be discharged from the gap between the two baffle plates 411 into the first discharge pipe 21, thereby preventing the rare earth waste from leaking out.

[0044] In addition, if Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, a plurality of support assemblies 6 are provided on the side of the two baffle plates 411 away from each other, and the plurality of support assemblies 6 are arranged between the inner wall of the shell 41 and the outer wall of the crushing barrel 42. The support assembly 6 includes two mutually parallel support plates 61 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 41, and a fourth transmission shaft 62 is rotatably connected between the two support plates 61, and a roller 63 in contact with the outer wall of the crushing barrel 42 is fixedly connected to the fourth transmission shaft 62.

[0045] The support assembly 6 is mainly used to support the crushing barrel 42, and can assist in the rotation of the crushing barrel 42. The setting of the roller 63 can make the crushing barrel 42 rotate relative to the roller 63, so that when the second power assembly 43 drives the crushing barrel 42 to rotate, the crushing barrel 42 can rotate relative to the roller 63, and then the crushing barrel 42 can rotate relative to the housing 41.

[0046] Specifically, the number of the support assemblies 6 is at least three, and they are distributed at equal angles around the circumference of the crushing barrel 42. In this way, the support assemblies 6 can better position the crushing barrel 42, making the crushing barrel 42 more stable.

[0047] In addition, if Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the combustion assembly 3 is arranged on the base 1, and is used to burn the screened rare earth waste with a smaller volume and the rare earth waste crushed by the crushing assembly 4. The combustion assembly 3 includes a combustion tube 31 and a first power assembly 32. One end of the combustion tube 31 is rotatably connected to the other end of the through hole 111. The other end of the combustion tube 31 is provided with a burner 33. One end of the combustion tube 31 is higher than the other end of the combustion tube 31. The first power assembly 32 is used to drive the combustion tube 31 to rotate. It should be noted that the burner 33 is a prior art, and is mainly used to continuously spray fire into the combustion tube 31 to roast the rare earth waste in the combustion tube 31.

[0048] When in use, the small-volume rare earth waste screened by the feed screening component 2 and the large-volume rare earth waste crushed by the crushing component 4 will enter the through hole 111 of the connecting seat 11 through the first discharge pipe 21, and then enter the combustion tube 31 through the through hole 111 for combustion. During the combustion process, the first power component 32 will drive the combustion tube 31 to rotate, so that the rare earth waste in the combustion tube 31 can be stirred, so that the combustion of the rare earth waste is more complete. In addition, since one end of the combustion tube 31 is higher than the height of the other end of the combustion tube 31, the rare earth waste will move to the other end of the combustion tube 31 during the combustion process, which is convenient for the removal of the burned material.

[0049] Specifically, the first power assembly 32 includes a first motor 321, a first gear ring 322, two first mounting plates 323, a first transmission shaft 324 and a first gear 325. The first motor 321 and the two first mounting plates 323 are fixedly connected to the base 1, and the two first mounting plates 323 are relatively parallel. The first transmission shaft 324 is rotatably connected between the two first mounting plates 323, the first gear 325 is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 324, the output shaft of the first motor 321 is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 324, the first gear ring 322 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the combustion tube 31, and the first gear ring 322 is meshed with the first gear 325.

[0050] During use, when the combustion tube 31 needs to be rotated, the first motor 321 is started, the first motor 321 will drive the first transmission shaft 324 to rotate, the rotation of the first transmission shaft 324 will drive the first gear 325 to rotate, the rotation of the first gear 325 can drive the combustion tube 31 to rotate through the cooperation with the first gear ring 322, so as to achieve the stirring of the rare earth waste in the combustion tube 31, so that the rare earth waste can be burned more fully.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the combustion assembly 3 includes at least one stabilizing frame 8, and the stabilizing frame 8 is fixedly connected to the base 1. Specifically, when there is only one stabilizing frame 8, the stabilizing frame 8 is arranged on a side away from the connecting seat 11, so that the combustion tube 31 can be better supported, and the rotation of the combustion tube 31 can be more stable. When there are multiple stabilizing frames 8, multiple stabilizing frames 8 are arranged along the length direction of the combustion tube 31 and gradually away from the connecting seat 11, so that multiple positions of the combustion tube 31 can be supported more comprehensively, so that the rotation of the combustion tube 31 can be more stable. A connecting hole 81 is opened inside the stabilizing frame 8, and the outer wall of the combustion tube 31 is rotatably connected in the connecting hole 81. In other words, the combustion tube 31 can rotate relative to the stabilizing frame 8, so that the stabilizing frame 8 can reduce the interference with the rotation of the combustion tube 31 while supporting the combustion tube 31.

[0052] In addition, if Fig. 9 As shown, the preheating assembly 5 includes an evaporation box 51 and a first hot air pipe 52. The evaporation box 51 is arranged on a side of the base 1 close to the connection seat 11 and is in contact with the bottom wall of the connection seat 11. Both ends of the first hot air pipe 52 are respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe 112 and the evaporation box 51. It should be noted that the evaporation box 51 is filled with water, and the volume of the water accounts for 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the volume of the entire evaporation box 51.

[0053] During the combustion of rare earth waste, hot flue gas will enter the through hole 111 in the connecting seat 11 from one end of the combustion tube 31, and then be discharged to the outside through the smoke outlet pipe 112. During the exhaust of flue gas, part of the heat will enter the evaporation box 51 through the first hot gas pipe 52. It should be noted that the combustion temperature of rare earth waste is usually above 800°C. The high-temperature air entering the evaporation box 51 will evaporate the internal moisture. Since the evaporation box 51 is arranged on the side of the base 1 close to the connecting seat 11 and is in contact with the bottom wall of the combustion tube 31, the rare earth waste on the side of the combustion tube 31 away from the burner 33 can be preheated, so that the rare earth waste can be heated more evenly, which is conducive to the combustion of the rare earth waste.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, the preheating assembly 5 further includes a second hot air pipe 53, and the two ends of the second hot air pipe 53 are respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe 112 and the other end of the crushing barrel 42. The second hot air pipe 53 also mainly plays the role of transferring heat. During the process of smoke exhaust, part of the heat will enter the inside of the crushing barrel 42 through the second hot air pipe 53 to heat the rare earth waste in the crushing barrel 42. The rare earth waste is easier to be crushed when heated, which is beneficial to the crushing of the rare earth waste.

[0055] In addition, if Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the top of the shell 41 is provided with a plurality of cleaning holes 412 along the axial direction of the crushing barrel 42, and the cleaning holes 412 correspond one-to-one to the filter holes 421 along the axial direction of the crushing barrel 42. The roasting furnace for rare earth waste also includes a cleaning assembly 7, and the cleaning assembly 7 selectively cleans the filter holes 421 through the cleaning holes 412. The cleaning assembly 7 includes: a mounting frame 71 and a plurality of cleaning rods 72, and the plurality of cleaning rods 72 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cleaning holes 412. The mounting frame 71 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and a cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 71. The telescopic end of the cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 74, and the plurality of cleaning rods 72 are all fixedly connected to the connecting plate 74. It should be noted that the diameter of the cleaning hole 412 is the same as the diameter of the cleaning rod 72, and the cleaning rod 72 is always partially inside the cleaning hole 412 during the working process, so that the rare earth waste can be prevented from leaking out of the cleaning hole 412. The mounting frame 71 may be an L-shaped structure, which may be divided into a vertical portion perpendicular to the ground and a horizontal portion parallel to the ground. The cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the horizontal portion, and the telescopic end of the cylinder 73 telescopes along the vertical direction.

[0056] During use, when the filter holes 421 need to be cleaned, when a row of filter holes 421 on the crushing barrel 42 along its axial direction reaches the top, the rotation of the crushing barrel 42 is stopped and the cylinder 73 is started. The telescopic end of the cylinder 73 drives the connecting plate 74 to extend, thereby driving multiple cleaning rods 72 to enter the interior of the filter holes 421, and the rare earth waste in the filter holes 421 is pushed into the interior of the crushing barrel 42, and then the connecting plate 74 and the multiple cleaning rods 72 are retracted by the cylinder 73. The crushing barrel 42 continues to rotate, and the above operation is repeated until all the filter holes 421 are cleaned. Thereby, the discharge speed of the crushing barrel 42 can be accelerated. The control of the cylinder 73 is a prior art, and it can be controlled by a controller.

[0057] As an optional embodiment, the diameter of the cleaning rod 72 is the same as the diameter of the cleaning hole 412, and the diameter of the cleaning rod 72 is much smaller than the diameter of the filter hole 421. Since the diameter of the cleaning rod 72 is much smaller than the diameter of the filter hole 421, the cleaning rod 72 can be used to continuously and quickly clean the filter hole 421 during the rotation of the crushing barrel 42, without stopping the crushing barrel 42, thereby improving the working efficiency of the crushing barrel 42 and helping to reduce the crushing time.

[0058] The above describes an embodiment of the present embodiment, but the present embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present embodiment, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms, all of which are protected by the present embodiment.

Claims

1. A roasting furnace for rare earth waste, characterized in that: include: A base (1), wherein a connecting seat (11) is arranged on the base (1), a through hole (111) is provided inside the connecting seat (11) along the length direction of the base (1), and a smoke outlet pipe (112) connected to the through hole (111) is arranged on the top of the connecting seat (11); A feed screening assembly (2) is arranged on the base (1) and is used to screen the rare earth waste according to the volume size, the feed screening assembly (2) comprising: a first discharge pipe (21) and a second discharge pipe (22), and one end of the first discharge pipe (21) is connected to one end of the through hole (111); A combustion assembly (3) is arranged on the base (1) and is used to burn the screened rare earth waste, the combustion assembly (3) comprising: a combustion tube (31) and a first power assembly (32), one end of the combustion tube (31) is rotatably connected to the other end of the through hole (111), a burner (33) is arranged at the other end of the combustion tube (31), one end of the combustion tube (31) is higher than the other end of the combustion tube (31), and the first power assembly (32) is used to drive the combustion tube (31) to rotate; A crushing assembly (4) is arranged above the first discharge pipe (21) and is used for crushing and conveying the rare earth waste remaining in the feed screening assembly (2). The crushing assembly (4) comprises: a shell (41) whose bottom is connected to the first discharge pipe (21), a crushing barrel (42) which is rotatably connected to the inside of the shell (41) and one end of which is connected to the second discharge pipe (22), crushing balls (44) arranged in the crushing barrel (42) and a second power assembly (43). The crushing barrel (42) has a plurality of filter holes (421) arranged in an axial annular array. The second power assembly (43) is used for driving the crushing barrel (42) to rotate. A preheating component (5), the preheating component (5) comprising: an evaporation box (51) and a first hot air pipe (52), the evaporation box (51) being arranged on a side of the base (1) close to the connecting seat (11) and being in contact with the bottom wall of the connecting seat (11), and the two ends of the first hot air pipe (52) being respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe (112) and the evaporation box (51); The preheating assembly (5) further comprises a second hot air pipeline (53), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the smoke outlet pipe (112) and the other end of the crushing barrel (42).

2. A rare earth waste calcining furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed screening assembly (2) further comprises: a feed box (23) arranged on the base (1), a feed port (231) being provided at the top of the feed box (23), a filter plate (24) being provided inside the feed box (23) and being inclined toward the crushing barrel (42), the filter plate (24) dividing the feed box (23) into a first chamber (25) communicating with the second discharge pipe (22) at the top and a second chamber (26) communicating with the other end of the first discharge pipe (21) at the bottom.

3. The roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power assembly (32) comprises: a first motor (321), a first gear ring (322), two first mounting plates (323), a first transmission shaft (324) and a first gear (325); the first motor (321) and the two first mounting plates (323) are fixedly connected to the base (1); the first transmission shaft (324) is rotatably connected between the two first mounting plates (323); the first gear (325) is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft (324); the output shaft of the first motor (321) is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft (324); the first gear ring (322) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the combustion tube (31) and meshes with the first gear (325).

4. The roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second power assembly (43) comprises: a second motor (431), a second gear ring (432) and two second mounting plates (433); the second motor (431) and the two second mounting plates (433) are both fixedly connected to the base (1); one side of the crushing barrel (42) extends to the outside of the shell (41); the second gear ring (432) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing barrel (42) where it extends; a second transmission shaft (434) and a third transmission shaft (435) whose axes are parallel to each other are rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates (433); one end of the second transmission shaft (434) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (431); a second gear (436) meshing with the second gear ring (432) is fixedly connected to the third transmission shaft (435); and a pulley assembly (437) is transmission-connected between the second transmission shaft (434) and the third transmission shaft (435).

5. The roasting furnace for rare earth waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the crushing barrel (42) is spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell (41), and both sides of the inner wall of the shell (41) are provided with an annular baffle plate (411) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing barrel (42), and the plurality of filtering holes (421) are located between two of the baffle plates (411).

6. A rare earth waste calcining furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of support assemblies (6) are provided on the side of the two baffle plates (411) that are away from each other. The plurality of support assemblies (6) are provided between the inner wall of the shell (41) and the outer wall of the crushing barrel (42). The support assembly (6) comprises: two support plates (61) that are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (41) and are parallel to each other. A fourth transmission shaft (62) is rotatably connected between the two support plates (61). A roller (63) that contacts the outer wall of the crushing barrel (42) is fixedly connected to the fourth transmission shaft (62).

7. A rare earth waste calcining furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the support assemblies (6) is at least three, and they are distributed at equal angles in the circumferential direction of the crushing barrel (42).

8. The rare earth waste roasting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of cleaning holes (412) are provided on the top of the shell (41) along the axial direction of the crushing barrel (42), and the plurality of cleaning holes (412) correspond one-to-one to the plurality of filtering holes (421) along the axial direction of the crushing barrel (42). The roasting furnace for rare earth waste also includes a cleaning component (7), and the cleaning component (7) selectively cleans the filtering holes (421) through the cleaning holes (412). The cleaning component (7) includes: a mounting frame (71) and a plurality of cleaning rods (72), and the plurality of cleaning rods (72) correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cleaning holes (412). The mounting frame (71) is fixedly connected to the base (1), and a cylinder (73) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (71). The telescopic end of the cylinder (73) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (74), and the plurality of cleaning rods (72) are all fixedly connected to the connecting plate (74).

9. The rare earth waste calcining furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion assembly (3) comprises at least one stabilizing frame (8), the stabilizing frame (8) being fixedly connected to the base (1), and a connecting hole (81) being provided inside the stabilizing frame (8), and the outer wall of the combustion tube (31) being rotatably connected inside the connecting hole (81).

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