A device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind and sand measurement, and specifically discloses a wind and sand measurement device in arid areas, including an air collecting box, the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box are openly arranged, a crossbeam is fixedly arranged at the intersection of the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box, a sand falling box is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the air collecting box, a sand collecting trough is placed at the bottom of the sand falling box, a steering tripod is arranged at the lower side of the sand falling box, an anti-disturbance wind collection and sand falling switching mechanism is arranged on the crossbeam, a mounting cover is fixedly arranged at the rear side of the air collecting box, a magnetic suction reciprocating linkage driving mechanism is arranged in the mounting cover, and a wind speed and direction monitor is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the air collecting box. The present invention can count the volume of air flowing through the device during the measurement process, accurately calculate the sand content, guide the wind and sand into the device by simulating natural wind, avoid wind and sand disturbance, provide a closed sand collection space, and ensure that the sand entering the device can be completely settled in the collection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind and sand measurement, and in particular relates to a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Arid areas are extremely vulnerable to wind and sand erosion due to scarce precipitation, low vegetation coverage, and exposed surface. Wind and sand activities not only cause ecological and environmental problems such as soil fertility decline and land desertification, but also pose a serious threat to transportation, infrastructure construction, and people's lives and property. Therefore, accurately measuring the wind and sand content in arid areas is of vital importance for assessing the hazards of wind and sand, formulating sand prevention and control measures, and conducting related scientific research.

[0003] At present, the commonly used method for detecting wind and sand flow is the direct capture method, and the tools used are various types of sand collectors, such as cyclone separation sand collectors, multi-mouth square sand collectors, tipping bucket sand collectors, etc. The working principle of this type of sand collector is to force the wind and sand flow carrying sand to change its direction or speed through a specific structural design, so that the sand falls into the collection device under the action of gravity, and finally the sand content is indirectly calculated by weighing the weight of the collected sand and combining the sampling time. However, the traditional measurement method based on the sand collector has the following defects.

[0004] Existing methods for measuring wind and sand can only obtain the weight of sand collected within a period of time, but cannot tell how much volume of air has flowed through the sand collector during this period of time. Since the wind speed is uncertain each time it is measured, the volume of air flowing through the sand collector in the same period of time is different, and the actual wind and sand content cannot be determined. For example, when the wind speed is low, even if the wind and sand content in the air is high, the weight of sand collected per unit time may be less; conversely, when the wind speed is high, even if the wind and sand content in the air is low, the weight of sand collected per unit time may be more, and traditional devices cannot record the volume of air that has flowed through. Therefore, traditional wind and sand content detection based on weight measurement cannot accurately reflect the actual wind and sand content.

[0005] In order to separate sand from air, sand collectors are usually designed with structures that block or change the direction of airflow. These structures will disturb the natural wind and sand flow field, change the wind speed and direction, and cause the amount of sand collected to deviate from the actual situation. In other words, what the sand collector measures is not the natural wind and sand content, but the result of the influence of the instrument's own structure, so the measurement accuracy is difficult to guarantee.

[0006] In actual applications, due to the influence of wind and sand flow rate, some sand particles may not have enough time to completely settle into the collection device under the action of gravity after entering the sand collector, and are carried away by the airflow, resulting in incomplete sand collection, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement results. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a wind and sand measuring device for arid areas, which can count the volume of air flowing through the device during the measurement process, and accurately calculate the sand content in combination with the weight of the collected sand. It guides the wind and sand into the device by simulating natural wind to avoid wind and sand disturbance, and provides a closed sand collection space to ensure that the sand entering the device can be completely settled in the collection device, ultimately ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a wind and sand measuring device in arid areas, including an air collecting box, the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box are open, and a crossbeam is fixedly provided at the intersection of the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box. A sand falling box is fixedly provided on the lower side of the air collecting box, and a sand collecting trough is placed at the bottom of the sand falling box for collecting the falling sand. A steering tripod is provided on the lower side of the sand falling box for fixing the sand falling box and adjusting the direction of the air collecting box. An anti-disturbance wind collection and sand falling switching mechanism is provided on the crossbeam, and a mounting cover is fixedly provided on the rear side of the air collecting box, and a magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism is provided in the mounting cover. A wind speed and direction monitor is fixedly provided on the upper side of the air collecting box for monitoring wind speed and direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-disturbance wind collection and sand removal switching mechanism includes an air inlet plate, a sand removal plate and a baffle. The upper and lower ends of the air inlet plate in the length direction are rotatably connected to the upper wall of the air collecting box and the cross beam respectively through a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft between the air inlet plate and the air collecting box is located at the edge of the air inlet plate in the width direction. The air inlet plates are arranged in an array along the length direction of the cross beam. When the width direction of all air inlet plates is parallel to the cross beam, the air inlet plate completely closes the open part of the front wall of the air collecting box. The two ends of the air inlet plate in the width direction are rounded. The horizontal ends of the sand removal plate in the length direction are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the air collecting box and the cross beam respectively through a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft between the sand removal plate and the air collecting box is located at the edge of the sand removal plate in the width direction. The sand removal plates are arranged in an array along the length direction of the cross beam. All sand removal plates in the width direction are arranged in an array. When parallel to the cross beam, the sand dropping plate completely closes the open part of the lower wall of the air collecting box, and the two ends of the sand dropping plate in the width direction are rounded. The baffle is slidably arranged in the air collecting box, and the baffle is arranged parallel to the rear wall of the air collecting box. The edge of the baffle is in close contact with the inner wall of the air collecting box, and a slot is arranged in the array on the lower side of the cross beam. The connecting shafts of the air inlet plate, the sand dropping plate and the cross beam all extend into the slots. The lower end of the connecting shaft on the air inlet plate is coaxially fixed with horizontal bevel teeth, and the front end of the connecting shaft on the sand dropping plate is coaxially fixed with vertical bevel teeth. The vertical bevel teeth are located in front of the horizontal bevel teeth, and the horizontal bevel teeth are meshed with the vertical bevel teeth to realize the synchronous rotation of the air inlet plate and the sand dropping plate. When the width directions of all air inlet plates are perpendicular to the cross beam, the width directions of all sand dropping plates are parallel to the cross beam.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism includes a servo motor, a gear sleeve, a slide rod and a transmission rod, the servo motor is fixed in the mounting cover, the upward output end of the servo motor is coaxially fixed with a gear, the gear sleeve is vertically fixed in the mounting cover on the outer side of the rear wall of the air collecting box, a rack is slidably provided in the gear sleeve, the rack is horizontally meshed with the gear, a first magnetic strip is fixedly provided at the front end of the rack in parallel, a second magnetic strip is vertically fixedly provided at the rear end of the rack, the slide rod horizontally penetrates the upper wall of the air collecting box, and the lower side of the slide rod is connected to the lower side of the upper wall of the air collecting box The surface is flat, the sliding rod is arranged parallel to the gear sleeve, the sliding rod is arranged in an array along the length direction of the crossbeam, the rear ends of all the sliding rods are commonly fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the transmission rod is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the air inlet plate, the angle between the transmission rod and the air inlet plate is 45 degrees, the transmission rod points to the connecting axis of the air inlet plate, a slideway is provided parallel to the surface of the transmission rod, a sliding shaft is vertically fixed on the lower side of the front end of the sliding rod, the sliding shaft is tightly attached to the slideway, the second magnetic strip is located on the front side of the connecting rod, the upper end of the second magnetic strip is flush with the connecting rod, and the first magnetic strip passes through the rear wall of the sand falling box.

[0011] Furthermore, a storage and access port is provided on one side of the sand falling box, and the height of the storage and access port is greater than the height of the sand collecting trough, which is convenient for taking out and storing the sand collecting trough. The sand falling box is hinged with a closed door at one horizontal end of the storage and access port for closing the sand falling box.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance that the rack is driven forward by a single forward rotation of the servo motor is equal to the distance that the rack is driven backward by a single reverse rotation of the servo motor. The servo motor rotates forward and reverse alternately, and the servo motor stops for the same time after each rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, when the second magnetic strip retreats and contacts the connecting rod, the first magnetic strip is instantly separated from the baffle, and when the first magnetic strip is separated from the baffle, the sliding shaft is located at the end of the slide away from the air inlet plate, and the air inlet plate is parallel to the sliding rod on the outside of the air collecting box. When the second magnetic strip retreats, the sliding shaft is located at the end of the slide away from the air inlet plate, and the air inlet plate completely closes the open part of the air collecting box. When the first magnetic strip moves forward, the baffle is located at the front end of the air collecting box.

[0014] Furthermore, a proximity sensor is embedded in the front side of the rear wall of the air collecting box for sensing and transmitting a data signal when the baffle contacts the rear wall of the air collecting box. An exhaust hole is formed through the rear wall of the air collecting box for exhausting the squeezed air.

[0015] Furthermore, the first magnetic stripe and the second magnetic stripe are made of permanent magnetic material, and the baffle and the connecting rod are made of ferromagnetic material, so that the first magnetic stripe can attract the baffle to move synchronously, and the second magnetic stripe can attract the connecting rod to move synchronously.

[0016] Furthermore, a control panel is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting cover, and the control panel is used to set the rotation speed, single rotation time and single stop time of the servo motor.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0018] (1) At the beginning of each measurement, the baffle is located at the front end of the air collecting box, the air inlet plate is opened, the sand falling plate is closed, and the servo motor drives the magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism to drive the baffle to retreat at the same speed as the wind speed measured by the wind speed and direction monitor, simulating the process of natural wind entering the air collecting box. When the baffle contacts the rear wall of the air collecting box, the proximity sensor senses and transmits a data signal to record a gas collection process. Since the volume of the air collecting box is fixed, each time the baffle retreats to contact the rear wall, it represents a fixed volume of air entering the air collecting box. Therefore, the total air volume flowing through the device during the measurement process can be accurately calculated based on the number of data signals from the proximity sensor.

[0019] (2) The present invention adopts a magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism to control the opening and closing of the air inlet plate and the sand falling plate. When the baffle contacts the rear wall of the air collecting box, the servo motor drives the magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism to continue to drive the air inlet plate to close and the sand falling plate to open, thereby forming a closed sand collection space. Since the bottom of the air collecting box is open at this time, in a windless environment, the sand can be completely settled into the sand collecting trough under the action of gravity, avoiding the problem of incomplete collection caused by part of the sand being carried away by the flow of wind and sand, thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0020] (3) The speed at which the baffle retreats is the same as the wind speed, ensuring that the wind and sand flow entering the air collecting box is consistent with the speed of the external wind and sand flow, avoiding the obstruction and disturbance of the wind and sand flow field caused by the traditional sand collector structure, ensuring that the wind and sand composition entering the device is the same as that in the natural wind, and improving the authenticity of the measurement results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas proposed by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas proposed by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The present invention provides an exploded structural diagram of the positional relationship between an air collecting box and a sand falling box of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0025] Figure 5The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the positional relationship between a gear sleeve and a rack of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas.

[0026] Figure 6 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of the positional relationship between an air inlet plate and a crossbeam of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of part B.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a motion decomposition diagram of a magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas proposed by the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a movement exploded diagram of the air inlet plate of a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas proposed by the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of part C.

[0031] Among them, 1. air collecting box, 11. crossbeam, 12. proximity sensor, 13. exhaust hole, 14. connecting shaft, 2. sand falling box, 21. access port, 22. closed door, 3. sand collecting trough, 4. steering tripod, 5. anti-disturbance wind collection and sand falling switching mechanism, 51. air inlet plate, 52. sand falling plate, 53. baffle, 54. notch, 55. vertical bevel gear, 56. horizontal bevel gear, 6. mounting cover, 7. magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism, 71. servo motor, 72. gear, 73. rack, 731. gear sleeve, 74. first magnetic strip, 75. second magnetic strip, 76. slide rod, 761. slide shaft, 77. connecting rod, 78. transmission rod, 79. slideway, 8. wind speed and direction monitor, 9. control panel.

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the present invention proposes a device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas, including an air collecting box 1, the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box 1 are open, a cross beam 11 is fixedly provided at the intersection of the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box 1, a sand falling box 2 is fixedly provided at the lower side of the air collecting box 1, a sand collecting trough 3 is placed at the bottom of the sand falling box 2, a steering tripod 4 is provided at the lower side of the sand falling box 2, an anti-disturbance wind collection and sand falling switching mechanism 5 is provided on the cross beam 11, a mounting cover 6 is fixedly provided at the rear side of the air collecting box 1, a magnetic reciprocating linkage driving mechanism 7 is provided in the mounting cover 6, and a wind speed and direction monitor 8 is fixedly provided on the upper side of the air collecting box 1.

[0036] Among them, the anti-disturbance wind collection and sand removal switching mechanism 5 includes an air inlet plate 51, a sand removal plate 52 and a baffle plate 53. The upper and lower ends of the air inlet plate 51 in the length direction are rotatably connected to the upper wall of the air collecting box 1 and the beam 11 through a connecting shaft 14, and the connecting shaft 14 between the air inlet plate 51 and the air collecting box 1 is located at the edge of the air inlet plate 51 in the width direction, and the air inlet plates 51 are arranged in an array along the length direction of the beam 11. When the width direction of all air inlet plates 51 is parallel to the beam 11, the air inlet plate 51 completely closes the open part of the front wall of the air collecting box 1, and the two ends of the air inlet plate 51 in the width direction are rounded. The horizontal ends of the sand removal plate 52 in the length direction are rotatably connected to the rear wall of the air collecting box 1 and the beam 11 through a connecting shaft 14, and the connecting shaft 14 between the sand removal plate 52 and the air collecting box 1 is located at the edge of the sand removal plate 52 in the width direction. The sand removal plate 52 is arranged in an array along the length direction of the beam 11. When the width direction of the plate 52 is parallel to the cross beam 11, the sand falling plate 52 completely closes the open part of the lower wall of the air collecting box 1, and the two ends of the sand falling plate 52 in the width direction are rounded. The baffle 53 is slidably arranged in the air collecting box 1, and the baffle 53 is arranged parallel to the rear wall of the air collecting box 1. The edge of the baffle 53 is in close contact with the inner wall of the air collecting box 1. A slot 54 is arranged in an array on the lower side of the cross beam 11, and the connecting shafts 14 of the air inlet plate 51 and the sand falling plate 52 and the cross beam 11 are all extended into the slot 54. The lower end of the connecting shaft 14 on the air inlet plate 51 is coaxially fixed with a horizontal bevel gear 56, and the front end of the connecting shaft 14 on the sand falling plate 52 is coaxially fixed with a vertical bevel gear 55, the vertical bevel gear 55 is located in front of the horizontal bevel gear 56, and the horizontal bevel gear 56 is meshed with the vertical bevel gear 55. When the width directions of all air inlet plates 51 are perpendicular to the cross beam 11, the width directions of all sand falling plates 52 are parallel to the cross beam 11.

[0037] Among them, the magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism 7 includes a servo motor 71, a gear sleeve 731, a slide bar 76 and a transmission rod 78. The servo motor 71 is fixed in the mounting cover 6. The upward output end of the servo motor 71 is coaxially fixed with a gear 72. The gear sleeve 731 is vertically fixed on the outer side of the rear wall of the air collecting box 1 in the mounting cover 6. A rack 73 is slidably provided in the gear sleeve 731. The rack 73 is horizontally meshed with the gear 72. A first magnetic strip 74 is fixedly provided at the front end of the rack 73 in parallel. A second magnetic strip 75 is vertically fixedly provided at the rear end of the rack 73. The slide bar 76 runs horizontally through the upper wall of the air collecting box 1. The lower side of the slide bar 76 is flush with the lower side of the upper wall of the air collecting box 1. The slide bar 76 is arranged parallel to the gear sleeve 731, and the slide bar 76 is arranged in an array along the length direction of the cross beam 11. The rear ends of all the slide bars 76 are fixedly connected with a connecting rod 77. The transmission rod 78 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the air inlet plate 51. The angle between the transmission rod 78 and the air inlet plate 51 is 45 degrees. The transmission rod 78 points to the connecting shaft 14 of the air inlet plate 51. A slideway 79 is provided parallel to the surface of the transmission rod 78 and penetrates through it. A slide shaft 761 is vertically fixed on the lower side of the front end of the slide bar 76. The slide shaft 761 is tightly attached to the slideway 79. The second magnetic strip 75 is located in front of the connecting rod 77. The upper end of the second magnetic strip 75 is flush with the connecting rod 77. The first magnetic strip 74 penetrates the rear wall of the sand falling box 2.

[0038] Among them, a storage and access port 21 is opened on one side of the sand box 2, and the height of the storage and access port 21 is greater than the height of the sand collecting trough 3. The sand box 2 is hinged with a closed door 22 at one horizontal end of the storage and access port 21. The distance that the servo motor 71 drives the rack 73 forward by a single forward rotation is equal to the distance that the servo motor 71 drives the rack 73 backward by a single reverse rotation. The servo motor 71 rotates forward and reverse alternately. The servo motor 71 stops for the same time after each rotation. The second magnetic strip 75 retreats and contacts the connecting rod 77 At an instant, the first magnetic strip 74 is separated from the baffle plate 53. At the instant when the first magnetic strip 74 is separated from the baffle plate 53, the sliding shaft 761 is located at the end of the slideway 79 away from the air inlet plate 51, and the air inlet plate 51 is parallel to the sliding rod 76 on the outside of the air collecting box 1. When the second magnetic strip 75 moves backward, the sliding shaft 761 is located at the end of the slideway 79 away from the air inlet plate 51, and the air inlet plate 51 completely closes the open part of the air collecting box 1. When the first magnetic strip 74 moves forward, the baffle plate 53 is located at the front end of the air collecting box 1.

[0039] Among them, a proximity sensor 12 is embedded in the front side of the rear wall of the air collecting box 1, an exhaust hole 13 is opened through the rear wall of the air collecting box 1, the first magnetic strip 74 and the second magnetic strip 75 are made of permanent magnetic material, the baffle 53 and the connecting rod 77 are made of ferromagnetic material, and a control panel 9 is fixed on one side of the mounting cover 6, and the control panel 9 is used to set the speed, single rotation time and single stop time of the servo motor 71.

[0040] During specific use, the device is placed at the position where measurement is required, the height of the air collecting box 1 is adjusted by adjusting the steering tripod 4, and the direction of the air collecting box 1 is adjusted according to the wind direction measured by the wind speed and direction monitor 8, so that the front end of the air collecting box 1 faces the incoming wind direction, and the steering tripod 4 is fixed firmly. After standing for a period of time, the wind speed and direction monitor 8 measures the wind speed of this period, and then the control panel 9 is operated to adjust the speed of the servo motor 71 during this measurement, so that the speed at which the servo motor 71 drives the rack 73 to move is the wind speed measured this time. When adjusting the speed of the servo motor 71 for a single forward and reverse rotation, the duration of a single rotation of the servo motor 71 also changes synchronously, so that the distance that the servo motor 71 drives the rack 73 to move in a single rotation remains unchanged. At the same time, the time interval when the servo motor 71 stops each time is adjusted, mainly to allow enough time for static sedimentation. The control and adjustment of the servo motor 71 for the above-mentioned motion law is common knowledge in the field of motor control, so its specific operating principle will not be repeated.

[0041] After the adjustment is completed, the baffle 53 is located at the front end of the air collecting box 1, and the air inlet plate 51 is vertically in a fully open state with the baffle 53, and the sand falling plate 52 is in a fully closed state. The first magnetic strip 74 is in close contact with the baffle 53 at the front end position, and then the magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism 7 is turned on, and the servo motor 71 starts to operate normally. First, the servo motor 71 rotates to drive the rack 73 and the first magnetic strip 74 to retreat, and the first magnetic strip 74 attracts the baffle 53 to retreat synchronously, and at this time, the retreat speed of the baffle 53 is equal to the wind speed, so the baffle 53 is in front of the wind. The wind and sand in the air collecting box 1 will move at the same speed as the wind and sand in other places, and will not cause disturbance or obstruction, so that the wind and sand entering the air collecting box 1 have almost the same composition as the wind and sand flowing from the outside. As the baffle 53 retreats, more wind and sand enter the air collecting box 1, and the air behind the baffle 53 is finally discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust hole 13. When the baffle 53 is in close contact with the rear wall of the air collecting box 1, the baffle 53 cannot continue to retreat, and the wind and sand fill the air collecting box 1, and the wind and sand no longer continue to enter. At this time, the first magnetic strip 74 cannot continue to attract the baffle 53 to retreat, resulting in separation. At this time, the second magnetic strip 75 contacts the connecting rod 77, and the servo motor 71 continues to rotate so that the second magnetic strip 75 drives the connecting rod 77 to retreat, and then drives the transmission rod 78 to move through the sliding rod 76. The rotation of the transmission rod 78 drives the air inlet plate 51 to gradually close. Since the horizontal bevel gear 56 is meshed with the vertical bevel gear 55, and the vertical bevel gear 55 is located on the front side of the horizontal bevel gear 56, the air inlet plate 51 is closed and the sand falling plate 52 will open downwards. Until the servo motor 71 stops rotating this time, the second magnetic strip 75 stops retreating. At this time, the sliding rod 76 has The transmission rod 78 is driven to rotate 90 degrees, so that the air inlet plate 51 is completely closed, the sand falling plate 52 is completely opened, and the sliding shaft 761 is already located at the outermost end of the slide 79, so that the transmission rod 78 cannot continue to rotate, and the sliding rod 76 cannot continue to retreat under inertia, so that the second magnetic strip 75 and the connecting rod 77 are always tightly adsorbed together. At this time, the wind and sand are collected in the air collecting box 1, and the bottom of the air collecting box 1 is open, so that in a windless environment, the sand particles in the wind and sand begin to settle and sink, and finally sink completely into the sand collecting trough 3 during the period when the servo motor 71 stops.

[0042] Then, the servo motor 71 automatically starts to reverse according to the preset program, and the second magnetic strip 75 attracts the connecting rod 77 to move forward, causing the slide bar 76 and the transmission rod 78 to move in the opposite direction, so that the air inlet plate 51 begins to open and the sand falling plate 52 begins to close. Until the slide shaft 761 is located at the outermost end of the slideway 79, the slide bar 76 can no longer move forward. At this time, the second magnetic strip 75 is forced to separate from the connecting rod 77, the air inlet plate 51 is fully opened, and the sand falling plate 52 is fully closed. Then, the first magnetic strip 74 will push against the baffle 53 to move forward, pushing the air without sand in the air collecting box 1 forward, and the sand in the sand collecting trough 3 is isolated by the sand falling plate 52. Until the baffle 53 is located at the front end of the air collecting box 1, the servo motor 71 stops. When it stops for a period of time, the wind on the windward side of the baffle 53 is When the sand is completely natural wind sand, the servo motor 71 rotates again autonomously to start the next collection and repeat the last movement process. After the device has been running for a period of time and the sand in the sand collecting trough 3 is sufficient for weighing, the servo motor 71 is turned off, the sand collecting trough 3 is taken out and weighed, and the data generated by the proximity sensor 12 is checked. Since each time the baffle 53 contacts the rear wall of the air collecting box 1, the proximity sensor 12 transmits a signal to the control panel 9, and the number of times the baffle 53 contacts the rear wall of the air collecting box 1 is the same as the number of times the air collecting box 1 collects wind sand, the number of times the air collecting box 1 collects wind sand can be obtained. Since the volume of the air collecting box 1 is fixed and known, the total volume of the wind sand collected in this measurement can be obtained, so that the density of sand in the wind sand can be accurately measured.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0044] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0045] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas, comprising an air collecting box (1), characterized in that: The front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box (1) are openly arranged. A crossbeam (11) is fixedly arranged at the intersection of the front wall and the lower wall of the air collecting box (1). A sand falling box (2) is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the air collecting box (1). A sand collecting trough (3) is placed at the bottom of the sand falling box (2). A steering tripod (4) is arranged at the lower side of the sand falling box (2). An anti-disturbance wind collection and sand falling switching mechanism (5) is arranged on the crossbeam (11). A mounting cover (6) is fixedly arranged at the rear side of the air collecting box (1). A magnetic reciprocating linkage driving mechanism (7) is arranged inside the mounting cover (6). A wind speed and direction monitor (8) is fixedly arranged at the upper side of the air collecting box (1); The anti-disturbance wind collection and sand removal switching mechanism (5) comprises an air inlet plate (51), a sand removal plate (52) and a baffle plate (53); the upper and lower ends of the air inlet plate (51) in the length direction are respectively rotatably connected to the upper wall of the air collecting box (1) and the cross beam (11) via a connecting shaft (14); the horizontal ends of the sand removal plate (52) in the length direction are respectively rotatably connected to the rear wall of the air collecting box (1) and the cross beam (11) via a connecting shaft (14); the baffle plate (53) is slidably arranged in the air collecting box (1); the lower end of the connecting shaft (14) on the air inlet plate (51) is coaxially fixed with a horizontal bevel gear (56); the front end of the connecting shaft (14) on the sand removal plate (52) is coaxially fixed with a vertical bevel gear (55); the horizontal bevel gear (56) is meshingly connected with the vertical bevel gear (55); The magnetic reciprocating linkage drive mechanism (7) comprises a servo motor (71), a gear sleeve (731), a slide bar (76) and a transmission rod (78); the servo motor (71) is fixedly arranged in the mounting cover (6); a gear (72) is coaxially fixedly arranged at the upward output end of the servo motor (71); the gear sleeve (731) is vertically fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rear wall of the air collecting box (1) in the mounting cover (6); a rack (73) is slidably arranged in the gear sleeve (731); the rack (73) is horizontally meshed with the gear (72); a first magnetic strip (74) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the rack (73) in parallel; a second magnetic strip (75) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the rack (73) in vertical direction; the slide bar (76) horizontally penetrates the upper wall of the air collecting box (1); and the transmission rod (78) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the air inlet plate (51); A proximity sensor (12) is embedded in the front side of the rear wall of the gas collecting box (1); The servo motor (71) rotates to drive the rack (73) and the first magnetic strip (74) to move backward, and the first magnetic strip (74) attracts the baffle (53) to move backward synchronously, and at this time, the speed at which the baffle (53) moves backward is equal to the wind speed.

2. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting axis (14) between the air inlet plate (51) and the air collecting box (1) is located at the edge of the air inlet plate (51) in the width direction. The air inlet plates (51) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the crossbeam (11). When the width direction of all the air inlet plates (51) is parallel to the crossbeam (11), the air inlet plates (51) completely close the open part of the front wall of the air collecting box (1). Both ends of the air inlet plate (51) in the width direction are rounded. The connecting axis (14) between the sand falling plate (52) and the air collecting box (1) is located at the edge of the sand falling plate (52) in the width direction. The sand falling plates (52) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the crossbeam (11). When the width direction of all the sand falling plates (52) is parallel to the crossbeam (11), the open part of the front wall of the air collecting box (1) is completely closed by the air inlet plates (51). The sand falling plate (52) completely closes the open part of the lower wall of the air collecting box (1), the two ends of the sand falling plate (52) in the width direction are rounded, the baffle plate (53) is arranged parallel to the rear wall of the air collecting box (1), the edge of the baffle plate (53) is in close contact with the inner wall of the air collecting box (1), the lower side of the cross beam (11) is provided with a slot (54), the connecting shaft (14) of the air inlet plate (51) and the sand falling plate (52) and the cross beam (11) all extend into the slot (54), the vertical bevel gear (55) is located in front of the horizontal bevel gear (56), and when the width direction of all the air inlet plates (51) is perpendicular to the cross beam (11), the width direction of all the sand falling plates (52) is parallel to the cross beam (11).

3. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower side of the slide bar (76) is flush with the lower side of the upper wall of the air collecting box (1); the slide bar (76) is arranged in parallel with the gear sleeve (731); the slide bars (76) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the crossbeam (11); the rear ends of all the slide bars (76) are fixedly connected to a connecting rod (77); the angle between the transmission rod (78) and the air inlet plate (51) is 45 degrees; the transmission rod (78) points to the connecting shaft (14) of the air inlet plate (51); a slideway (79) is provided parallel to and penetrates the surface of the transmission rod (78); a slide shaft (761) is vertically fixedly provided on the lower side of the front end of the slide bar (76); the slide shaft (761) is tightly attached to the slideway (79); the second magnetic strip (75) is located in front of the connecting rod (77); the upper end of the second magnetic strip (75) is flush with the connecting rod (77); and the first magnetic strip (74) penetrates the rear wall of the sand falling box (2).

4. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A storage and access opening (21) is provided on one side of the sand falling box (2), the height of the storage and access opening (21) is greater than the height of the sand collecting trough (3), and a closed door (22) is hingedly connected to one horizontal end of the storage and access opening (21) of the sand falling box (2).

5. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance that the rack (73) is driven forward by a single forward rotation of the servo motor (71) is equal to the distance that the rack (73) is driven backward by a single reverse rotation of the servo motor (71). The servo motor (71) rotates forward and reverse alternately, and the servo motor (71) stops for the same period of time after each rotation.

6. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the second magnetic strip (75) moves backward and contacts the connecting rod (77), the first magnetic strip (74) and the baffle (53) are separated instantly; when the first magnetic strip (74) and the baffle (53) are separated instantly, the sliding shaft (761) is located at one end of the slideway (79) away from the air inlet plate (51), and the air inlet plate (51) is parallel to the sliding shaft (76) on the outside of the air collecting box (1); when the second magnetic strip (75) moves backward, the sliding shaft (761) is located at one end of the slideway (79) away from the air inlet plate (51), and the air inlet plate (51) completely closes the open part of the air collecting box (1); when the first magnetic strip (74) moves forward, the baffle (53) is located at the front end of the air collecting box (1).

7. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: An exhaust hole (13) is formed through the rear wall of the air collecting box (1).

8. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first magnetic strip (74) and the second magnetic strip (75) are made of permanent magnetic material, and the baffle (53) and the connecting rod (77) are made of ferromagnetic material.

9. The device for measuring wind and sand in arid areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A control panel (9) is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting cover (6), and the control panel (9) is used to set the rotation speed, single rotation time and single stop time of the servo motor (71).

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